CAMPUS JOURNALISM

Origin of Campus Journalism

On a 4” x 6” sheet of paper, Samuel Fickle Fox penned the first issue of The Students Gazette on July 11, 1777 at the William Penn Charter School in Philadelphia, USA. -published until August 1778.-is recognized as the first student publication in the English-speaking world.

-in October 1910, the University of the Philippines started publishing its magazine College Folio and printed the works of the first promising writers in English.

-in 1912 the graduates of Manila High School published their English writings in The Coconut.

-in 1913, the Philippine Normal School introduced its publication, The TORCH.

The UP Writers Club which was organized in 1912 had its literary organ, The Literary Apprentice which became the most prestigious college literary publication in the country. At about this time UST’s Varsitarian began to see publication.

Journalism in General

The word journal comes from the Latin word diuma which means “daily.” In ancient Rome, short bulletins of battles, fires, and elections compiled by government officials were posted up in public places. These were called acta diuma which meant “daily events.”

Definition of Journalism

Other Definitions of journalism:The occupation of writing for publication in

newspapers and other periodicals. –Noah Webster

Something that embraces all forms in which or through which the news and comments on the news reach the public. All that happens in the world, if such happenings hold interest for the public, and all the thoughts, actions, and ideas which these happenings stimulate, become basic materials for the journalist.-Fraser F. Bond

High School Journalism

Enjoyable co-curricular activity of the school paper staff in collecting, organizing, and presenting news; in writing editorials, columns, literary articles, and features; in copyreading, proofreading, dummying, and writing headlines – all for the purpose of putting out a school organ. – School Paper Advisers of the City Schools of Manila.

Scope of JournalismMay be divided into three areas:

written, oral, and visualPeriodicals such as newspapers and

magazines fall under written journalism.

Periodical is a publication that comes out at regular intervals —daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, annually, etc.

A newspaper, compared to a magazine, prints more news, has no special cover, and is printed on a special paper called newsprint.

News is printed on the front page as wells as on the inside and back pages.

A magazine prints more features and human interest stories, has a special cover usually with a big cut on it, and is often printed on bookpaper. If ever news is printed, it is brief, featurized, and found in the inside pages.

Periodicals, brochures, journals, books, and graphic arts are classified under print media.

Radio falls under oral journalism, while television, movies, and documentaries are under visual journalism.

Radio and television are examples of broadcast media while movies and documentaries are examples of film media.

Newspapers and Yearbooks

ComparisonBoth are journalistic productsReport on school sceneReflect student thought, opinion, and

tasteGive students an opportunity to

showcase their best creative work

contrast

ContrastYearbooks serve as memory books of a certain

year at a specific schoolYearbooks consists primarily of photographsYearbooks are considered keepsakesNewspapers are more current events-orientedNewspapers are issued several times a yearNewspapers use far fewer photographs and

devote much more content to coverage of recent events and to reporting upcoming activites.

Sections/Parts of A Campus Paper

A. Front Page1. Local news- news that takes place within

the country.2. Foreign news- news that takes place

outside the country.3. Dateline news- an out-of-town news story.

It is introduced by a dateline which states the place from which the story was reported, the date, and the source of the material if not written by the local staff, as Tokyo, Japan, Jan. 25 (AP).

Whether it is a community, metropolitan, or national paper, its parts and sections are more or

less the same.

4. Weather news- usually a boxed forecast of the area, sometimes the temperature, wind directions and velocities.5. Index- a slug line indicating an important insight page story and the page where it is found.6. Other things found on the Front Page: (Those with asterisk may or may not be present).a. Nameplate- The engraved or printed name of the

newspaper, as the Manila Times or PNC Torch. b. Ears- The little boxes on either side of the

nameplate.c. Banner- The principal headline bearing the

boldest and biggest type. It is the title of the most important news of the day which is called banner news. It may or may not run across the page. It may also be called a streamer.

d. Running head- a head made up of two or more lines.e. Headline- The title of any news story. The word headline is used only for titles of news stories.f. Deck- a subordinate headline placed immediately below its mother headline, also known as bank or readout.g. Lead- The beginning of a news story. It may be a word, a group of words, a sentence, or even a paragraph. h. News story- The whole story of an event composed of the lead and the text which is the elaboration of the lead.

i. Columns- The horizontal division into parts of a newspaper. Many national papers are divided into eight columns while a typical school paper is divided into five columns of 12 ems each.j. Column rule- The vertical line that divides the page into columns. Most pages of newspaper are divided into columns by a space usually one em wide. This space is called the sunken rule.k. Fold- The imaginary horizontal line that divides a newspaper equally into two parts.l. Byline- The signature of a reporter preceding a news-feature, as By Warren Cruz.m. Box- news materials enclosed by line rules.

n. Cut- A metal plate bearing a newspaper’s illustration, also known as cliché.o. Cutline- The text accompanying photos and other art work, better known as a caption. If written above the photo just like a slugline, it is called an overline.p. Kicker- a tagline placed above but smaller than a headline, also known as teaser. If it is bigger than the headline, it is called a hammer.q. Credit line- a line giving the source of story of illustration, as Reprinted from the “Manila Times” or Photo by MPI.

B. Front Page1. Folio- consists of the page number,

date of publication, and name of the newspaper, usually written on top of the page. This is also found in other pages.

2. Masthead- the editorial box containing the logo, names of the staff members and position in the staff, subscription rate, the publisher, and other pertinent data about the newspaper. A logo, (a short word for logotype) is a cut which contains an identifying word or words, such as the name of the newspaper or of a section.

3. Editorial proper- A commentary written by any of the editors who comments or gives the opinion of the staff or of the whole paper on various subjects. It is the stand of the paper.4. Editorial column- A personal opinion written by the columnist himself. Like the editorial proper, it may attack, teach, entertain, or appeal depending upon its purpose. 5. Editorial cartoon- Usually a caricature emphasizing a simple point. Usually humorous, it has the function of the editorial. It stands by itself and is not a complement of the editorial proper.

6. Editorial liner- a short statement or quoted saying placed at the end of an editorial column or editorial to drive home a message.7. Letter to the editor- A letter sent in by the reader giving his personal views on certain aspects.