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APA WRITING STYLE

Basic APA guidelines

When using direct quotations, include the

author, year, and page number preceded by p.

Ex. Whe Gephardt stepped aside i late 2002, Pelosi campaigned hard and won the post of

i ority leader (Marcovitz, 2009, p. 9).

In-text citations

Place direct quotations longer than 40

words in a free-standing block of typewritten

lines and omit quotation marks. Start the

quotation on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from

the left margin.

Using direct quotations

Darke (2010) wrote that:

Young Syrians are remarkably Westernised, both in their dress and in their openness. Most are very technologically aware, have the latest mobile phones, digital cameras and are avid users of the increasing numbers of internet cafes. This is a trend encouraged by President Bashar Al-Assad, who has himself been head for many years of the Syrian Computer Society. (p. 18)

Using direct quotations

Basic APA guidelines

When citing author/s, follow this

parenthetical citation.

For one author: (Author, year)

For two authors: (Author 1 & Author 2, year)

For three to five authors: (Author 1, Author 2,

Author 3, Author 4, & Author 5, year)

Parenthetical citation of authors

Single Author

Last name first, followed by author initials.

Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social

development. Current Directions in Psychological

Science, 11, 7-10.

Listing references

Two Authors

List by their last names and initials. Use the

ampersand instead of "and."

Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994). Mood

management across affective states: The

hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal of

Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 1034-1048

Listing references

Article in Journal Paginated by Volume

Journals that are paginated by volume begin with

page one in issue one, and continue numbering

issue two where issue one ended, etc.

Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing

psychology journal articles. Journal of Comparative

and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-896.

Listing references

Article in Journal Paginated by Issue

Journals paginated by issue begin with page one every issue; therefore, the issue number gets indicated in parentheses after the volume. The parentheses and issue number are not italicized or underlined.

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15(30), 5-13.

Listing references

Thank you for attention,

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