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Prepared for Geographic Representation NowHarvard Graduate School of Design11.11.11Abstract: Critical geographic information systems is an area of research positioned at the intersection of critical geography and geographic information science, drawing together technical capabilities for geographic representation and analysis with the critical capacities of social theory, more-than-human geographies, and the digital humanities. Critical GIS scholarship is particularly influenced by the work of participatory action researchers, the histories of cartography and geographic information technologies, and the inclusion of alternative (radical, local, everyday) knowledges. It inherits a focused attention to the social implications of geospatial technologies from the GIS and Society tradition while being cognizant of the technical debates and intricacies of GIScience. In this presentation, I sketch the present history of critical GIS. That is, I reflect upon specific engagements in Geography that currently situate critical GIS, and outline the more pressing aspects of its research agenda. I then introduce critical mapping efforts at the University of Kentucky, including work around public engagement, the mapping of user-generated content, and open data advocacy in local government.
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A present history of critical GIS
Matthew W. Wilson, PhDAssistant Professor of GeographyNew Mappings CollaboratoryUniversity of [email protected]
11 . 11 . 11Harvard Graduate School of Design
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 2(88/365) life road map by nanny snowflake, 2011, flickr
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territory
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territory
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map
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territory
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map
reader
territory
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 8
map
reader
territory
mapping
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map
reader
territory
mappingcybernetics
cartography
analytical cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 10
map
reader
territory
GIS
mappingcybernetics
cartography
spatial analysis
analytical cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 11
map
reader
territory
GIS
mappingcybernetics
historical
cartography
spatial analysis
analytical cartography
critical cartography
cultural cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 12
map
reader
territory
GIS
mappingcybernetics
participatory
public participation
GIS & Society
spatial decision support
historical
counter
cartography
spatial analysis
analytical cartography
critical cartography
cultural cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 13
map
reader
territory
GIS
mapping
GIScience
cybernetics
participatory
collaborative
public participation
critical GIS
GIS & Society
spatial decision support
historical
counter
cartography
spatial analysis
analytical cartography
critical cartography
cultural cartography
community-based
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 14
map
reader
territory
GIS
mapping
GIScience
cybernetics
participatory
collaborative
public participation
critical GIS
GIS & Society
qualitative
feminist
ethnocartography
spatial decision support
historical
counter
cartography
spatial analysis
analytical cartography
critical cartography
web GIS
cultural cartography
community-based
queer
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 15
map
reader
territory
GIS
cyberinfrastructure
mapping
GIScience
cybernetics
participatory
collaborative
public participation
critical GIS
GIS & Society
qualitative
geo-narrative
feminist
ethnocartography
geoweb
maps 2.0
spatial decision support
historical
counter
cartography
spatial analysis
analytical cartography
critical cartography
web GIS
map mashups
map API
cultural cartography
community-based
queer
map art
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 16
map
reader
territory
GIS
cyberinfrastructure
geodesign
nonrepresentational
mapping
GIScience
cybernetics
participatory
collaborative
public participation
critical GIS
GIS & Society
qualitative
geo-narrative
feminist
ethnocartography
geoweb
maps 2.0
spatial decision support
spatial humanities
historical
counter
cartography
geointelligence
spatial analysis
volunteered geographic information
neogeography
analytical cartography
critical cartography
location-based services
web GIS
map mashups
map API
cultural cartography
community-based
queer
map art
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 17
map
reader
territory
GIS
cyberinfrastructure
geodesign
nonrepresentational
GIScience
cybernetics
participatory
collaborative
public participation
critical GIS
GIS & Society
qualitative
geo-narrative
feminist
ethnocartography
geoweb
maps 2.0
spatial decision support
spatial humanities
historical
counter
cartography
geointelligence
spatial analysis
volunteered geographic information
neogeography
analytical cartography
critical cartography
location-based services
web GIS
map mashups
map API
cultural cartography
community-based
queer
map art
mapping
1987
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Chrisman, N.R., 1987. Design of geographic information systems based on social and cultural goals. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 53 (10), 1367-1370.
1989
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Harley, J.B., 1989. Deconstructing the map. Cartographica 26, 1-20.
critical cartographycritical cartography
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2000ish
1990
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Taylor, P.J., 1990. GKS. Political Geography Quarterly 9, 211-212.
1991
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Openshaw, S., 1991. A view on the GIS crisis in geography, or, using GIS to put Humpty-Dumpty back together again. Environment and Planning A 23 (5), 621-628.
1991
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Taylor, P.J., Overton, M., 1991. Further thoughts on geography and GIS. Environment and Planning A 23 (8), 1087-1090.
1992
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Openshaw, S., 1992. Further thoughts on geography and GIS: a reply. Environment and Planning A 24 (4), 463-466.
1992
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Smith, N., 1992. History and philosophy of geography: real wars, theory wars. Progress in Human Geography 16, 257-271.
1993
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Sheppard, E., 1993. Automated Geography: What Kind of Geography for What Kind of Society? The Professional Geographer 45 (4), 457-460.
community-based GIScommunity-based GIS
participatory GIS and public participation GISparticipatory GIS and public participation GIS
GIS & SocietyGIS & Society
critical cartographycritical cartography
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2000ish
Pickles, John, ed. 1995. Ground Truth: The social implications of geographic information systems. New York: Guilford.
Sheppard, Eric. 1995. GIS and Society: Towards a Research Agenda. Cartography and Geographic Information Systems 22 (1):5-16.
1999
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Schuurman, N., 1999. Critical GIS: Theorizing an Emerging Science. Cartographica 36 (4).
1999
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Schuurman, N., 1999. Critical GIS: Theorizing an Emerging Science. Cartographica 36 (4).
1999
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Schuurman, N., 1999. Critical GIS: Theorizing an Emerging Science. Cartographica 36 (4).
1999
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 31
Schuurman, N., 1999. Critical GIS: Theorizing an Emerging Science. Cartographica 36 (4).
community-based GIScommunity-based GIS
participatory GIS and public participation GISparticipatory GIS and public participation GIS
GIS & SocietyGIS & Society
critical cartographycritical cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 32
critical GIS
critical GIS
2000ish
feminist GISfeminist GIS
community-based GIScommunity-based GIS
participatory GIS and public participation GISparticipatory GIS and public participation GIS
GIS & SocietyGIS & Society
critical cartographycritical cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 33
critical GIS
critical GIS
2000ish
qualitative GISqualitative GIS
Kwan, Mei-Po. 2002. Introduction: Feminist Geography and GIS. Gender, Place and Culture 9 (3):261-262.
Kwan, Mei-Po, and LaDona Knigge. 2006. Doing qualitative research using GIS: an oxymoronic endeavor? Environment and Planning A 38:1999-2002.
Harvey, Francis, Mei-Po Kwan, and Marianna Pavlovskaya. 2005. Introduction: Critical GIS. Cartographica 40 (4):1-3.
feminist GISfeminist GIS
community-based GIScommunity-based GIS
participatory GIS and public participation GISparticipatory GIS and public participation GIS
GIS & SocietyGIS & Society
critical cartographycritical cartography
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 34
critical GIS
critical GIS
2000ish
qualitative GISqualitative GIS
volunteered geographic info.volunteered geographic info.
neogeography and the geowebneogeography and the geoweb
spatial humanitiesspatial humanities
Turner, Andrew J. 2006. Introduction to Neogeography, O'Reilly.
Elwood, Sarah A. 2008. Volunteered geographic information: key questions, concepts and methods to guide emerging research and practice. GeoJournal 72:133-135.
Bodenhamer, David J., John Corrigan, and Trevor M. Harris, eds. 2010. The spatial humanities : GIS and the future of humanities scholarship. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
an evolving research agenda
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Sheppard, E., 2005. Knowledge Production through Critical GIS: Genealogy and Prospects. Cartographica 40 (4), 5-21.
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Sheppard, E., 2005. Knowledge Production through Critical GIS: Genealogy and Prospects. Cartographica 40 (4), 5-21.
GIS society
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 37
Sheppard, E., 2005. Knowledge Production through Critical GIS: Genealogy and Prospects. Cartographica 40 (4), 5-21.
GIS society
method epistemology
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Sheppard, E., 2005. Knowledge Production through Critical GIS: Genealogy and Prospects. Cartographica 40 (4), 5-21.
GIS society
method epistemology
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GIS
cyberinfrastructure
geodesign
nonrepresentational
GIScience
cybernetics
participatory
collaborative
public participation
critical GIS
GIS & Society
qualitative
geo-narrative
feminist
ethnocartography
geoweb
maps 2.0
spatial decision support
spatial humanities
historical
counter
cartography
geointelligence
spatial analysis
volunteered geographic information
neogeography
analytical cartography
critical cartography
location-based services
web GIS
map mashups
map API
cultural cartography
community-based
queer
map art
mapping
critical GIS redux
Matthew W. Wilson, PhD 40
using GIS in radical ways
situating GIS practices
critical GIS research areas• critical geographic inquiry with GIS• university-community partnerships with GIS• studies of geospatial technology development and use• histories of mapping technologies• geospatial intelligence, human terrain systems• inclusion of unconventional ‘data’ in GIS• historical GIS• affective GIS, GIS as art• geographies of user-generated content and the geoweb• ethics, privacy, surveillance• geodemographics and ‘volunteered’ geographic information
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the new mappings collaboratory• http://newmaps.uky.edu• themes:
– public engagement– ‘big data’ and user-generated Internet content– place-based thinking, analysis, and representation
• projects:– community-based, participatory GIS– exploring user-generated geodata– Open Data Lexington– DIY GIS / citizen science
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