Motif dan Fungsi Bisnis

PERTEMUAN 2

S I STEM FUNGSIONAL B I SNIS

CHA N DR AWATI PUT R I WULA N DAR I , S .T. , M .T. , M BA .

What is Business?

Suatu usaha yang menyediakan barang (produk) ataupun jasa

yang diinginkan oleh pelanggan – Jeff Madura

How about this?

How about this?

How about this?

How about this?

What is the similarity of those? PROFIT

Profit Profit = Revenue – Expenses

How to get profit? Demand / opportunity

Get customer’s interest

Low expenses

Nonprofit Businesses (bisnis nirlaba)

Tidak dimaksudkan untuk mencari laba.

Artinya?

Contoh : Rumah Sakit

Sekolah

Organisasi Sosial (LSM)

Gereja

dan lain-lain

Pertanyaan diskusi: Mampukah bisnis nirlaba bersaing?

Business Resources (sumber daya bisnis)

Natural Resources

Human Resources

Capital (Modal) Mesin, peralatan, perlengkapan, fasilitas fisik

Diskusi:

Bagaimana teknologi mendukung peningkatan modal?

Entrepreneurship (Kewiraswastaan) Opportunities

Risks

Creating, organizing, managing business

Key Stakeholders in Business (pemangku kepentingan dalam bisnis)

Owners (pemilik) How business begins? Entrepreneurs

PENGALAMAN KERJA SEBELUM BERBISNIS

tidak pernah

34%

1-2 thn

3%

3-5 thn

9%

6-10 thn

18%

11-20 thn

21%

> 20 thn

15%

Key Stakeholders in Business (pemangku kepentingan dalam bisnis)

Owners (pemilik)

BESAR PERUSAHAAN

bisnis kecil

57%perusahaan 100-

1000 karyawan

17%

perusahaan besar

> 1000 karyawan

26%

Key Stakeholders in Business (pemangku kepentingan dalam bisnis)

Creditors (kreditor) Requirements of financial support beyond that provided by the

owner

Why we need it?

Even Disney, Nike, General Motors, DuPont, etc. need financial support

Sources:

Financial institutions

Individuals

Key Stakeholders in Business (pemangku kepentingan dalam bisnis)

Employees (karyawan) Conduct business operations

“…the source of our innovation and competitiveness…”

– The Dow Chemical Company

Example: Dell Computer Company

Manager’s Role

Managing job assignments

Making key business decisions

Key Stakeholders in Business (pemangku kepentingan dalam bisnis)

Suppliers (pemasok) Providing the needed materials to produce business’

products

Business performance depends on the ability of suppliers to provide materials on the schedule.

Why?

Customers (pelanggan) A business can not survive without customer

Providing desired products/service at reasonable price with an adequate quality

Key Stakeholders in Business (pemangku kepentingan dalam bisnis)

Interaction among stakeholders?

Business Environments (lingkungan bisnis)

Social Environment demographics

changes in customer preferences over time

tastes are influenced by technology

Industry Environment Industrial competition and product demands

For customers, intense competition is good

For company, competition may result on lower revenue lower profit

Business Environments (lingkungan bisnis)

Economic Environment Strong impact in business

Economy strong employment high good income high demand of products

Vice versa

Global Environment May affect business directly or indirectly

Business which has foreign suppliers or sells products in various countries

Global economic conditions can affect local economic conditions

Business Decisions (lingkungan bisnis)

May affect the profit

Management Decisions (keputusan manajemen)

Tuntutan buruh untuk menaikkan gaji menjadi 3.5juta/bulan

Mempekerjakan karyawan yang tidak kompeten

Marketing Decisions (keputusan pemasaran) Strategi iklan yang tidak sesuai dengan target pasar

Financial Decisions (keputusan keuangan) Rencana kredit yang kurang tepat

How Business Functions Enhance Decision Making (fungsi bisnis meningkatkan pengambilan keputusan)

Proper business decisions rely on accounting and information systems

Accounting Monitoring and reporting financial condition to the owners

or employees

Assess financial performance of business decisions

Information systems Update and analyze the information about operational of

business functions

Pros and Cons of Being an Entrepreneur

PRO

Keuntungan besar

Memimpin diri sendiri

Tidak diatur, tidak ada risiko dipecat

Kepuasan kerja tinggi

CONTRA

Menanggung kerugian besar

Memastikan fungsi bisnis berjalan setiap saat (7x24 jam)

Kehilangan penghasilan jika bisnis gagal

Discussions 1. Darimana dana didapat oleh seorang

entrepreneur yang baru memulai bisnisnya?

2. Misalkan Anda adalah manajer operasional perusahaan motor di Indonesia. Apakah anda membutuhkan modal tenaga kerja intensif atau mesin?

3. Anda anggota band rock yang akan manggung di kampus. Apakah anda menyediakan jasa atau produk? Fungsi manajemen atau fungsi pemasaran yang lebih penting?

Group Activity Pembentukan perusahaan (kelompok)

Tentukan peran: Direktur Utama Divisi Operasional/Produksi Divisi Human Resource Development (HRD) Divisi Pemasaran Divisi Keuangan

Presentasi Nama perusahaan Bidang Cakupan Struktur organisasi

Nilai Perusahaan

No Aspek Penilaian Nilai

1 Keterlambatan Kehadiran -2

2 Keterlambatan pengumpulan tugas -20

3 Tugas presentasi/ review/ diskusi Max 90

4 Pertanyaan ke kelompok lain/membantu menjawab

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