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Variants of
ChristianityCatholicism
ProtestantismAnglicanismOrthodoxy
Pentecostalism
Karen Devine 2008
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What is Catholicism?
For Catholicsworship issacramental.
Teachings are drawnfrom scriptures andreligious traditions.
It is hierarchical andstructured and underthe authority of thePope.
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What is Catholicism?
Catholicism is dividedinto 8 Catholic Rites:
a) Armenian
b) Byzantinec) Coptic
d) Ethiopian
e) Chaldean
f) Maronite
g) Roman
h) West Syrian
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What is Catholicism?
The Eucharist is the focus ofworship and Catholicsbelieve thatTransubstantiationoccurs to
make Jesus physicallypresent in the bread andwine.
Catholics believe that faithand good deeds are
necessary for salvation. There is an increased focus
on Mary and the saints.
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What is Catholicism?
Catholic belief includes 7 sacramental areas:
a) Baptism
b) Eucharist
c) Reconciliation
d) Confirmation
e) Marriage
f) Holy Orders
g) Anointing of the Sick
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What is Catholicism?
There is a strong belief inheaven and hell.
Catholicism has a Latin
tradition in the liturgy. There is a strong tradition ofmonasticismin the priesthoodand convents.
There has been a special roleof Catholics in the history ofsociety through educationand social reforms.
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What is Protestantism?
Protestantism evolved out ofthe Reformation period.
The 2 major contributors to the
Reformation were:a) Martin Luther (1483-1546)
b) John Calvin (1509- 1564)
Martin Luther especially
denounced the corruptionswhich existed in the CatholicChurch and the supremacy ofthe Pope.
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What is Protestantism?
The Bible became thesource of authority foreach denomination of
Protestantism Eg:
a)Lutheran
b)Calvinists
c) Methodist
d)Presbyterians
e)Baptists
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What is Protestantism?
These denominationsdeveloped unique Christiantraditions out of thetheology of their founders.
Protestants believe in thetranscendenceof God.
Protestantism is lessliturgical and sacramental
than Catholicism. Protestantism places more
emphasis on preaching thewordof Jesus.
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What is Anglicanism?
Protestantism allows anincreased role for womenleaders than Catholicism.
It developed as a variation to
Catholicism during the reign ofHenry VIII in the 16thCentury.
Theology and politics werebehind the separation from
the Roman Church and thePope.
It was influenced by thetheology of Martin Luther.
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What is Anglicanism?
Anglicanism does not have thePope as a central authority.
The focus in on Biblicalauthority with a special place
held for the Archbishop ofCanterbury.
Anglicans are often dividedinto:
a) Low Anglican: this includes avariety of Protestant faiths.
b) High Anglican: This group isclosely affiliated with theCatholic Church and is known
as Anglo- Catholic.
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Anglicans and women priests?
Anglicans allow agreater role forwomen in the
priesthood,although this isnot universally
accepted throughall denominations.
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What is Orthodoxy?
The heart of orthodoxy is thecelebration of the Eucharist.
In orthodoxy there is a heavyuse of icons.
The liturgical celebration isoften very long and usesincense.
The liturgy is often whollysung.
Parts of the celebration arehidden from the view of thecongregation.
Greek is the language of
orthodoxy.
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What is Orthodoxy?
There is a profoundview ofsacramentalism.
Orthodoxy places
emphasis onmonasticism.
Orthodoxy did notdevelop monastic orreligious orders for a
specific purpose. Only men may
become priests, yetthey may be married.
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What is Pentecostalism?
Pentecostalism originated in the USA in the
Methodist movement of the 19th Century. They are Christian Charismatic Churches and
seek to restore the Holy Spirit to the Church.
Emphasis is on a group response in worship.
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What is Pentecostalism?
There is greatspontaneity in thecelebration which isexhibited by thefollowers.
Baptism of theSpirit occurs when abaptized personreceived the gift of
tongues.(Glossolalia) Pentecostalists value
healing andprophesy.
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Question Time
What are the majordistinguishingfeatures between the
variants ofChristianity?
Are there any othervariants of
Christianity? Namethem?
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