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Related Literatures
Paternal Child Care
y Paternal child care and children's development
y Broadening the Definition for Unemployed Fathers
y T he Involvement of Selected Unemployed and Employed Men
with T heir Children
y Unemployed fathers and their children: Implications for policy
and practice
y T he portrait of the unemployed father in Finnish Women's
Magazines.
y Patterns and Determinants of Paternal Child Care During a
Child's First T hree Years of Life
y Father involvement in child care and household work in
common-law dual-earner and single-earner Jamaican families
y Paternal child care and children's development
y Paternal involvement in childcare and unintentional injury of
young children: a population-based cohort study in Japan
y Predictors of paternal involvement in childcare in dual-earner
families with young children.
y Paternal Involvement in Child Care as a Function of Maternal
Employment in Nuclear and Extended Families in India
y Paternal Participation in Child Care and Its Effects on
Children's Self-Esteem and Attitudes T oward Gendered Roles
y Books: The Role of The Father in Child Development, Fatherhood:Research, Inventions and Policies, The Role of The Father: AnIntroduction ± 2nd Edition
Verceles, Timotheo Joy E.
6/25/2010
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U nemployed f athers and their children: Impli cations f or poli cy and pra cti ce Author Information:
Jo urnal Child and Adoles cent So cial Work Jo urnal Publisher Springer Netherlands ISSN 0738-0151 (Print ) 1573-2797 (Online )Iss ue Vol ume 8, Number 2 / April , 1991
Categor y Arti cles DOI 10.1007/BF00757552
Pages 101-116Sub je ct Colle ction B eha vioral Scien ce Springer Link Date Monda y, De cember 13, 2004
Loring Jones1 School of So cial Work, San Diego State U ni versit y, 92182 San Diego , CA
Abstra ct: This paper re views the literat ure on the famil y effe cts of unemplo y ment in order to spe cif y how changes in the e conom y might effe ct fathering d uring periods of unemplo y ment . The p urpose for doing so is to pro vide information to clini cians on how job loss effe cts famil y d y nami cs . This paper is organized aro und three variables that are seen as infl uen cing the father and child relationship . These variables are: the father''s rea ction to job loss , the mother''s rea ction to job loss , and the chara cteristi cs of the child . The paper ends with a dis cussion of the poli cy and pra cti ce
impli cations of the literat ure .Internet So ur ce: www.springerlink.com /index/G62322R12442R3L7.pdf
The portrait of the unemplo y ed father in Finnish Women's Magazines . Author Information:
by Mar ja Leena B ook , Leena Penttinen
Abstra ct: UNEMPLOYMENT AND FATHERHOODThis st ud y began at a time when unemplo y ment had alread y be come a sizeable politi cal problem in Finnish so ciet y.New statisti cs were constantl y appearing as e viden ce of rising n umbers of unemplo y ed people . The aim of this paper is to examine the dis cursi ve constr uction of the unemplo y ed father . The st ud y is a part of a larger resear ch pro je ct con cerned with unemplo y ment and parenthood . The fo cus is on the portrait of the unemplo y ed father in Women's magazines . Fatherhood toda y has been fo und to be rather conf using for men . The role of a father is both in a state of fl ux as well as retaining traditional feat ures . Seel (1987) distinguishes two kinds of father roles . First there is the traditional father whose role is that of the breadwinner , an ultimate a uthorit y who sees no need to e x press con cern abo ut pra cti cal child care . Pro viding for the famil y is the traditional father's ke y parental responsibilit y ; Ka ul (1991) has called this e conomi c parenting, According to the traditional model it is the father whotransmits the real model of citizenship to his children , and it is the father in parti cular who transmits the 'proper 'model of a man to his sons (B igner , 1979). Another role of the father is that of the a cti ve father (Seel , 1987) whi ch Russell (1983) has called a shared-caregi ving father . He takes responsibilit y for child care and gi ves home life a higher . priorit y than his work. In his famil y the ho usehold tasks are equall y shared . This famil y -in vol ved t y pe of father has also been called the new father (Lamb, 1986:7). B ronstein (1988) re views man y st udies whi ch indi cate that fathers toda y are also in vol ved in this new kind of fatherhood . Howe ver , these two different roles are contradi ctor y in e ver y da y life , and espe ciall y when life-changes , s uch as the unemplo y ment of the father , o ccur .
Jones (1991) argues that a sit uation in whi ch the father is o ut of work is more problemati c for the famil y than the unemplo y ment of the mother , be ca use the mental health stat us of a man is more affe cted by job loss than that of a woman . Jones lists the impa cts of the father 's unemplo y ment . First , the job loss probabl y reinfor ces rather than changes the relationships and sit uation in the famil y that alread y e x isted . In the se cond pla ce , findings abo ut the ps ychologi cal impa cts on the father var y. In parti cular , the unemplo y ed man who identifies himself as a traditional father ma y per cei ve himself as uns uccessf ul , but the sit uation can also be diffi cult for other kinds of men (Seel ,1987). Some jobless men adopt a greater ho usekeeping and child-rearing role than others , but in some cases ,
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because of changes in the character of these men, they may also lose authority and respect in the eyes of their children (Madge, 1983).In their study of househusband fathers, Lutwin and Siperstein (1985:279-281) found three major task areas whichconfront the traditional father in his role as a househusband. These areas are 1) domestic tasks, 2) personal tasks,and 3) environmental tasks. These areas display different kinds of common beliefs and traditional myths concerningthe father's role. In domestic tasks the traditional myth persists that the female has innate abilities with reference tosuch tasks. In the area of personal tasks the father can face up to problems because of the traditional myth that aman's role is to provide by wor king, not by nurturing. The third area, that of environmental tasks, deals with the
problems of a father isolated from his wor kmates. At the same time, he experiences loneliness and boredom incarr ying out the same daily routine at home. Accordingly, the father feels that the community at lar ge may notaccept the new role of the father. Russell (1987) suggests that one of the most obvious of the possible difficulties afather might experience is feeling threatened in his identity and status as a male. Interest in fatherhood hasincreased during the past centur y. While evidently social scientists are interested in fatherhood, including culturaldefinitions and behaviour, it is not obvious that the lay public shares the same interest. Much of the generalknowledge, opinions, and attitudes that people have in ever yday life are not known from personal experience butfrom the media, e.g., from newspapers, magazines, and television. This is also the case with the unemployedfather. Articles in newspapers as well as television present examples of both traditional and new father roles(Bronstein, 1988:3-4). In their analysis of popular ...
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P atterns and Determinants of P aternal Child Care During a Child's First Three Years of Life Author Information:
Authors: Susan L. Averetta; Lisa A. Gennetianb; H. Elizabeth P etersc Affiliations:
a Department of Economics and Business, Lafayette College, Easton, P A, USA b Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation, New Yor k, NY, USA c Department of P olicy Analysis and Management, Martha Van Rennselaer Hall, Cornell University,Ithaca, NY, USA
DOI: 10.1300/J002v29n02 _08 P ublication Frequency: 8 issues per year P ublished in: Marriage & Family Review, Volume 29, Issue 2 & 3 May 2000 , pages 115 - 136Formats available: P DF (English)
Article Requests: Order Reprints : Request P ermissions Single Article P urchase: US$30.00 - buy now add to cart [ show other buying options ]
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Father involvement in child care and household wor k in common-law dual-earner and single-earner Jamaican families
AbstractThis paper uses retrospective child care data from the NLSY79 to examine the patterns and determinants of paternal childcare during a child's first three years of life. We focus on two-parent families with children whose mothers wor ked sometimebetween the child's birth date and the child's third birthday. We find that father care is a fairly stable form of care; the averagenumber of months that father care is used during a year is similar to the duration of other forms of child care. In addition, wefind that paternal care is often used in conjunction with other types of child care. We further find that different characteristics
predict paternal child care according to the timing and extent of care. For those fathers who are the exclusive providers of child care during the first year of a child's life, the incidence of paternal child care is associated with race or ethnicity and amother's identification with nontraditional gender roles. In contrast, for those fathers who provide some of total child careduring the first three years of a child's life, the incidence of paternal child care is more highly associated with the flexibility of amother's and father's wor k schedule.
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Author Information: Jaipaul L. Roopnarine
Syracuse University, USA
Janet Brown and Priscilla Snell-White University of the West Indies, USA
Nancy Beth Riegraf University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
Devon Crossley Fathers Incorporated Kingston, Jamaica, USA
Ziarat Hossain Fort Lewis College, USA
Wayne Webb University of Indies, USA
Available online 28 May 2002.
AbstractThe division of chile care and household labor and beliefs about the roles of mothers and fathers were examined
in 86 low-income dual-earner and single-earner Jamaican couples in common-law unions.Analysis revealed that
there was a markedly gender-differentiated pattern of involvement in child care and household tasks by parents
and that they held very traditional conceptions of the roles of mothers and fathers. Both mothers and fathers
were more likely to spend time playing with rather than feeding or cleaning their babies. Involvement in child
care did not differ as a function of the gender of the infant, but involvement in child care and household work
did vary by mother's employment status. Jamican men's participation in child care and household activities was
quite similar to what has been reported for men in other cultural groups. The data are discussed in terms of the
commonly accepted notion of the marginal role of Jamaican men in the family and in the context of gender
roles.
Internet Source: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob= ArticleURL& _udi=B6W52-45XSX5R-H& _user =10& _coverDate=03%2F31%2F1995& _rdoc=1& _fmt=high& _orig=search& _sort=d& _docanchor =&view=c& _searchStrId=1381116657& _rerunOrigin=google& _acct=C000050221& _version=1& _urlVersion=0& _userid=10&md5=9c6aa08286de0e953704878c5182e187
Paternal child care and children's development
Author Information: Journal Journal of Population Economics
Publisher Springer Berlin / Heidelber g ISSN 0933-1433 (Print) 1432-1475 (Online)Issue Volume 18, Number 3 / September, 2005
DOI 10.1007/s00148-004-0203-4 Pages 391-414 Sub ject CollectionBusiness and Economics
SpringerLink DateFriday, November 18, 2005Susan L. Averett1 , Lisa A. Gennetian2 and H. Elizabeth Peters3
(1) Department of Economics and Business, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, USA
(2) MDRC, New Yor k, NY 10016, USA
(3) Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Received: 25 March 2003 Accepted: 26 Februar y 2004
Abstract
This paper uses the NLSY-Child data to assess the effects on cognitive and social-emotional development of father care as achild care arrangement among children in two-parent families with wor king mothers. Our results show that father care for infants is no better or worse than other types of arrangements. However, toddlers in non-paternal modes of child care (e.g.,relatives, family day care or center care) have slightly better cognitive outcomes than those whose fathers provided care.
Although our analyses do not provide a definitive explanation for this finding, there is a substantial influx of fathers in our datawho provide child care in years 2 and 3 and these fathers appear compositionally different from fathers who provided careduring a child's infancy. In particular, there is some indication that these fathers who are newly providing care during a child'stoddler years may be temporar y care providers due to changing economic circumstances. The research was supported by NICHD grant #HD30944. Responsible editor: Deborah Cobb-Clar k.
Internet Source: http://www.springerlink.com/content/p63563120r 7688h5/
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Paternal involvement in childcare and unintentional injury of young children: a
population-based cohort study in Japan
Author Information: Takeo Fujiwara1,*, Makiko Okuyama2 and Kunihiko Takahashi3 1 Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.2 Department of Psychosocial Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.3 Department of Technology Assessment and Biostatistics, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.
Abstract: Background Unintentional injur y is the leading cause of death in young children. A previous study reported the protective effectof maternal parenting on young childhood injur y; however, few studies have shown an association between paternalinvolvement in childcare and young childhood injur y. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of paternalinvolvement in childcare to reduce the likelihood of childhood injur y.
Methods A population-based birth cohort study in Japan (2001 ±02), the µLongitudinal Survey of Babies Born in 21st Centur y¶,
was used (n = 42 144). The impact of paternal involvement in childcare of 6-month-old infants (feeding, diaper change,bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing, taking a walk) on the incidence of young childhood injur y (fall, near -drowning,accidental ingestion or burn) until 18 months of age was analysed by multiple logistic regression.
Results Infants who received a high degree of paternal involvement in childcare at 6 months were less likely to suffer from all
unintentional injuries at 18 months than those who received a low degree of paternal involvement in childcare (adjusted odds
ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.85±0.98). Taking the child for a walk by the father strongly prevented all unintentional injuries, and there were dose±effect relationships (Ptrend
< 0.001).
Conclusions Paternal involvement in childcare at 6 months of age prevented childhood injur y at 18 months of age. Paternal
involvement in childcare might be a useful indicator for predicting childhood injur y.
Keywords Paternal parenting, unintentional injur y, childhood injur y, accident, child care Accepted 8 October 2009
Predictors of paternal involvement in childcare in dual-earner families with
young children.
Author Information: Author:Kelley, Michelle L.
Publication:Fathering
Geographic Code:1USA
Date:Jan 1, 2006
Words:10746
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Topics: Father and child
Social aspects
Father-child relations
Social aspects Fatherhood
Analysis
Economic aspects
Paternalism
Analysis
Abstract: Dual-earner parents (N = 119) of preschool children enrolled in licensed childcare centers completed anonymous
questionnaires that examined work and family variables as related to paternal PATERNAL. That which belongs tothe father or comes from him: as, paternal power, paternal relation, paternal estate, paternal line. Vide Line.
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involvement in three areas: engagement (i.e., one-on-one one-on-one
adj . 1. Consisting of or being d irect communica tion or excha nge between two people: one-on-one instruction.
2. Sports Playing d irectly or exclusively aga inst a single opponent. interaction with the child), responsibility (i.e.,
taking care of the child's needs), and accessibility (i.e., being available to the child without directly interacting).
Paternal responsibility was predicted by beliefs about fathering and structural variables (e.g., hours fathers and
mothers worked). The percentage of time fathers spent as their child's primary ca regiver ca re·giv·er
n. 1. An ind ivid ua l, such a s a physicia n, nurse, or socia l wor ker, who a ssists in the id entifica tion, prevention, or trea tment of a n illness or d isability.
2. ..... Click the link for more informa tion. was predicted by structural variables (e.g., mothers' work hours) and
belief variables (e.g., men's beliefs about fathering and fathers' parenting self -effica cy self -effica cy (self -e·fi·k). Paternal engagement and accessibility were not significantly predicted by any of the constructs examined.
Internet Source: http://www.thefreelibrar y.com/Predictors+of+paternal+involvement+in+childcare+in+dual -earner...-
a0145268876
Paternal Involvement in Child Care as a Function of Maternal Employment in
Nuclear and Extended Families in India
Author Information: Journal Sex RolesPublisher Springer Netherlands
ISSN 0360-0025 (Print) 1573-2762 (Online)
Issue Volume 40, Numbers 9-10 / May, 1999DOI 10.1023/A:1018808718351
Pages 731-744
Subject CollectionBehavioral ScienceSpringerLink Date Tuesday, November 02, 2004
Preeti Suppal and Jaipaul L. Roopnarine Abstract
Paternal involvement in childcare as a functionof family structure and maternal employment status wasassessed in 92 dual-wage and 103 singlewage Indianfamilies with preschool-aged children residing in different areas of New Delhi, India.Mothersand fathers completed Radin''s Paternal Involvement inChild Care Index (PICCI). Data showed that parents insingle-wage families spent more time in primar ycaregiving compared with parents in dual-wage families.Fathers'' involvement scoreson the different componentsof the PICCI did not var y as a function of mother''semployment status or family structure. Dataarediscussed with respect to the rigidity of men''s roles ina historically patriarchal society.
Internet Source: http://www.springerlink.com/content/p258l3t247523523/
Paternal Participation in Child Care and Its Effects on Children's Self-Esteem and
Attitudes T oward Gendered Roles
Author Inf romation:
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FRANCINE M. DEUTSCH Mount Holyoke College
LAURA J. SERVIS Mount Holyoke College
JESSICA D. PAYNE Mount Holyoke College
Abstarct: Interviews with forty 10- and 11-year-old children (24 boys
and 16 girls) investigated the effects of parents'
division of child care responsibilities on children's self-esteem, their
relationships with parents, and their
gendered ideas and preferences. Children whose fathers participated relatively more in the emotional
side of
parenting (e.g., comforting) showed greater preferences for "feminine" activities and had higher self-esteem
than children whose fathers were less involved. Children whose fathers performed a higher proportion of the"work" of parenting (e.g., transporting,
planning activities, and arranging child care) endorsed a more gender-
free model of family life. The absolute amount of time fathers spent with children had no independent
significant effects. Egalitarian parenting clearly benefits children when fathers share "maternal" tasks, but even
when fathers do not fully participate in those "maternal" aspects of parenting, dividing the time 50-50 may
benefit mothers without hurting children.
Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 22, No. 8, 1000-1024 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/019251301022008003
Internet Source: http://jfi.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/22/8/1000
BOOK:y The Role of The Father in Child Development
http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=dLpOkMwsu-QC&pg=PA74&lpg=PA74&dq=unemployed+fathers+paternal+child+care&source=bl&ots= jpabWaGDUM&sig=uHRBv2iO _PSYbC-4PD4HHzpMLOU&hl=tl&ei=ChYkTLj2ENCDnQfS16GSDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CCcQ6AEw Aw#v=onepage&q=unemployed%20fathers%20paternal%20child%20care&f =false
y Fatherhood: Research, Inventions and Policieshttp://books.google.com.ph/books?id=osfAH6vBpRgC&pg=PA132&lpg=PA132&dq=unemployed+fathers+paternal+child+care&source=bl&ots=7sIA0nLx6A&sig=3cG2Nnew6Goy3PdKu8pXWhm8Cgo&hl=tl&ei=ChYkTLj2ENCDnQfS16GSDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEoQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=unemployed%20fath
ers%20paternal%20child%20care&f =false
y The Role of The Father: An Introduction ± 2nd Editionhttp://media.wiley.com/product _data/excerpt/14/04712316/0471231614.pdf