Political RealignmentPolitical Realignment in the South in the South
The Significance of The Significance of States’ Rights and Civil RightsStates’ Rights and Civil RightsIn Shattering the Democrats’In Shattering the Democrats’
“ “Solid South”Solid South”
The Politics of the Old SouthThe Politics of the Old South
The pre-Civil War period and SlaveryThe pre-Civil War period and Slavery
South-North PolarizationSouth-North Polarization
The post-Reconstruction South:The post-Reconstruction South: Democratic Dominance 1880-1920Democratic Dominance 1880-1920
Racism of Southern Democratic PartyRacism of Southern Democratic Party Voting Restrictions and Corrupt ElectionsVoting Restrictions and Corrupt Elections
The “Solid Democratic South”The “Solid Democratic South”
V.O. KeyV.O. Key
Southern Politics In State and NationSouthern Politics In State and Nation (1949) (1949)
FDR and the New Deal 1932-1944FDR and the New Deal 1932-1944
The Democratic Party: The Democratic Party: States’ Rights/Civil Rights DisputeStates’ Rights/Civil Rights Dispute
1948 Election:1948 Election: “out of the shadow of “out of the shadow of states’ rights”…?states’ rights”…?
1948 Revolt1948 Revolt
Dixiecrat (States’ Rights) PartyDixiecrat (States’ Rights) Party Thurmond-Wright ticketThurmond-Wright ticket
Deep South Loyalty:Deep South Loyalty: MS 87%, AL 80%, SC 72%, LA 49%MS 87%, AL 80%, SC 72%, LA 49%
Effect of ’48:Effect of ’48: Three trends in Presidential Three trends in Presidential Voting Voting
1952 Revival:1952 Revival: Stevenson-Sparkman Stevenson-Sparkman
DemocratsDemocrats andand CivilCivil RightsRights
The National Party embraces Civil The National Party embraces Civil Rights movement 1950s and 1960sRights movement 1950s and 1960s
Kennedy administration and KingKennedy administration and King
President Lyndon Baines Johnson:President Lyndon Baines Johnson: “Champion for Federal Desegregation” “Champion for Federal Desegregation”
19641964
The Civil Rights ActThe Civil Rights Act
Barry Goldwater and States’ RightsBarry Goldwater and States’ Rights
Southern Response:Southern Response: MS, AL, SC, LA, GA vote RepublicanMS, AL, SC, LA, GA vote Republican
““Solid South” broken over Race issuesSolid South” broken over Race issues
Party identification in the South, 1952-1984
All southernersAll southerners Democrats Democrats Independents Independents RepublicansRepublicansWhites onlyWhites only Democrats Democrats Independents Independents RepublicansRepublicans
Party identification 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984Party identification 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984
76 76 14141010
78 78 131399
68 68 115 5 1717
60 60 18 18 2222
68 68 19 19 1313
58 58 31 31 1111
51 51 33 33 1515
52 52 32 32 1616
48 48 32 32 2020
40 40 35 35 2525
61 61 18182121
68 68 16 16 1515
64 64 21 21 1515
50 50 36361414
47 47 35 35 1818
47 47 35 35 1919
43 43 34 34 2323
33 33 38 38 2929
19681968
Southern Revolt against Great SocietySouthern Revolt against Great Society
Wallace and the American Independent Wallace and the American Independent PartyParty
Humphrey 31% of Southern VoteHumphrey 31% of Southern Vote
The South after 1968The South after 1968
Since 1972, South voted for Republicans in Since 1972, South voted for Republicans in most Presidential electionsmost Presidential elections
1976 Election1976 Election
Clinton-Gore 1992 and 1996Clinton-Gore 1992 and 1996
““Split-level Realignment” Split-level Realignment” Kevin Phillips (1969)Kevin Phillips (1969)
The Current Southern ElectorateThe Current Southern Electorate
Democratic Party limited to some local Democratic Party limited to some local successessuccesses
Dealignment: 1952-1964 ElectionsDealignment: 1952-1964 Elections
Realignment: 1968-1980 ElectionsRealignment: 1968-1980 Elections
Racial Divide in Presidential VotingRacial Divide in Presidential Voting
Democrats’ “Solid South” is now Democrats’ “Solid South” is now Republicans’ “Key to Victory” Republicans’ “Key to Victory”