Naming Ionic Compounds
Learning the Language of Chemistry
Naming Ionic Compounds
Ionic Compounds are composed of two parts. Metal (Positive, Cation) Non-Metal (Negative, Anion)
Naming Ionic Compounds
There are two types of Ionic compounds:Binary Ionic Compounds
Two ions present (one metal and one non-metal)Ternary Ionic Compounds
Three or more elements (one metal and one polyatomic ion)
When combining ions to form an ionic compound it must have a net charge of ZERO!
Naming Ionic Compounds
Calcium and Oxygen Calcium has what
charge when it becomes an ion?
Oxygen has what charge when it becomes an ion?
What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!)
Ca2+ O2-
CaO
The charges cancel each other
out!
+2 + (-2) = 0
Naming Ionic Compounds
Barium and Nitrogen Barium has what
charge when it becomes an ion?
Nitrogen has what charge when it becomes an ion?
What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!)
Ba2+ N3-
Ba3N2
The charges cancel each other
out!
3(+2) + (2(-3)) = 0
Naming Ionic Compounds
When naming binary ionic compounds:
1. You first name the cation (metal, positive), which is the same name as the element
2. Second you name the anion (non-metal, negative) with the ending –ide
Naming Ionic Compounds
NaCl
CaCl2
Sr3N2
Sodium Chloride
Calcium Chloride
Strontium Nitride
Naming Ionic Compounds
Acetate- C2H3O2-
Nitrite- NO2-
Nitrate- NO3-
Silicate- SiO32-
Cyanide- CN-
Phosphate- PO43-
Phosphite- PO33-
Ammonium- NH4+
Hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate- HCO3
-
Dichromate- Cr2O72-
Chromate- CrO42-
Carbonate- CO32-
Oxalate- C2O42-
Permanganate- MnO4-
Sulfate- SO42-
Sulfite- SO32-
Hydroxide- OH-
Hypochlorite- ClO-
Chlorite- ClO2-
Chlorate- ClO3-
Perchlorate- ClO4-
Naming Ionic Compounds
Barium and Nitrate Barium has what
charge when it becomes an ion?
Nitrate has what charge when it becomes an ion?
What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!)
Ba2+ NO3-
Ba(NO3)2
The charges cancel each other
out!
+2 + (2(-1)) = 0
We use () to keep the polyatomic together and show the number of nitrates present
Naming Ionic Compounds
When naming Ternary ionic compounds
1. You first name the cation (metal, positive), which is the same name as the element
2. Second you name the polyatomic anion (non-metal, negative) with the ending of either –ite or –ate (some polyatomics do end in –ide)
Naming Ionic Compounds
NaNO3
CaCO3
Ba(OH)2
Sodium nitrate
Calcium carbonate
Barium hydroxide
Naming Ionic Compounds
But what about those pesky transition metals?Those ions that have more than one
possible charge?We use Roman numerals to describe the
charge!Example: Iron (III) ion
Naming Ionic Compounds
Iron (III) oxide
Iron (II) oxide
Copper (II) nitrate
Fe2O3
FeO
Cu(NO3)2