IONIC BONDS

- What are Ionic Bonds?- Writing Compounds.- Naming Ionic Bonds- Writing Ionic Compounds from names.

Bonds:

Chemical Bond – a force that holds two atoms together

Caused by:○ Attraction between ions○ Attraction of a positively charged nucleus and

the negatively charged electrons of a different atom.

Bonds: Two Types of Bonds:

Ionic Compounds○ A bond between two elements where electrons are

transferred from one element to another

Covalent Compounds○ A bond between two elements where electrons are

shared between the elements

Bonds form between the valence electrons of each atom!

Ionic Bonds:

Ionic bonds are formed between ions, and include both a metal and a nonmetal.

Ion: a charged particle

Cation: loses one or more electrons to become positively charged (metals)

Anion: gains one or more electrons to become negatively charged (nonmetals)

Ionic Bonds/Compounds:

Simple Ionic Compounds are also known as Binary Compounds

There are ONLY 2 elements present

Always a metal and a nonmetal

The elements always come from the s and p blocks on the periodic table.

Oxidation Numbers/States:What are the charges of each family?

Let’s Review/Practice:Element: Symbol: Oxidation State:

Iodine

Calcium

Oxygen

Neon

Carbon

Boron

Phosphorous

Sodium

Ionic Bonds: Writing Compounds Compounds MUST be neutral

Charges MUST cancel each other The metal (cation) ALWAYS comes first The nonmetal (anion) ALWAYS comes second Example:

Sodium (Na+1) and Oxygen (O -2)○ Oxygen’s -2 charge needs to be cancelled out by

sodium’s +1 charge. ○ We will need 2 sodium ions to cancel the 1 oxygen ion.

+1 + 1 + -2 = 0 (this would be neutral)So our compounds formula is: Na2O (2 sodiums and 1 oxygen)

Drop and Swap:

The method that is used to make compounds out of ions.

Bring down and over the numerical value (WITHOUT the charge sign)

Na2ODO NOT

WRITE THE 1’S

Drop and Swap:

Subscripts MUST be at the simplest whole number ratio

Calcium (+2) and Oxygen (-2)

Ca+2 O-2

Ca2O2 CaO

Drop and Swap Practice:Metal Nonmetal Drop and Swap

FormSimplest Whole Number Ratio Form

Calcium Fluorine

Barium Sulfur

Lithium Phosphorous

Magnesium Oxygen

Boron Phosphorous

Cesium Oxygen

Practice Time:

You have 5 minutes to complete the handout.

This will be turned in for a grade.

Practice Problem Answers:1. KI

2. CaCl23. NaCl

4. Li3P

5. MgS

Naming Simple Ionic Compounds

Rules to Follow:1. The name of the metal ALWAYS comes first

○ The metal’s name is the same as it is on the periodic table

2. The name of the nonmetal ALWAYS comes last

○ The nonmetal’s name changes. The ending of the nonmetal will change to “ide”

Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:

1. The name of the metal ALWAYS comes first○ The metal’s name is the same as it is on the periodic

table

2. The name of the nonmetal ALWAYS comes last○ The nonmetal’s name changes.

The ending of the nonmetal will change to “ide”

Na2O

Name the metal directly (rule 1): Sodium

Change the ending of the nonmetal (rule 2): oxide

Sodium Oxide

Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:

1. The name of the metal ALWAYS comes first○ The metal’s name is the same as it is on the periodic table

2. The name of the nonmetal ALWAYS comes last○ The nonmetal’s name changes.

The ending of the nonmetal will change to “ide”

CaCl2

Name the metal directly (rule 1): Calcium

Change the ending of the nonmetal (rule 2): chloride

Calcium Chloride

Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:

Simple Ionic Compound

Formula

Ionic Compound Name

KF

Al2O3

CaBr2

Li3P

Li2S

Practice Time:

You have 5 minutes to complete the handout.

This will be turned in for a grade.

Practice Problem Answers:1. Sodium Sulfide

2. Barium Bromide

3. Potassium Iodide

4. Lithium Nitride

5. Gallium Sulfide

Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:

Writing Names from formulas:1. Write out the ions (symbol and charge) for each

of the elements present

2. Drop and Swap

3. Simplify if Necessary

Strontium Oxide

Sr+2 O-2

Sr2O2 SrO

Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:

Simple Ionic Compound:

Formula (not simplified)

Formula (simplified)

Sodium Nitride

Calcium Chloride

Aluminum Sulfide

Barium Fluoride

Potassium Phosphide

Practice Time:

You have 5 minutes to complete the handout.

This will be turned in for a grade.

Practice Problem Answers:1. Al2O3

2. MgS

3. Na3P

4. K3N

5. AlF3