FEBRERO 2009
“ Energía Solar Fotovoltaica: Aplicación a Bombeo Solar”
TIPOS DE PANELES SOLARES
FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UN PANEL SOLAR
“DIODO ELECTRONICA” = VALVULA DE RETENCIÓN
FOTODIODO = “GENERA” ELECTRONES
FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UN PANEL SOLAR
Summer typical day
Winter typical day
6 – 7 PSH (Peak Solar Hour)3 – 3,5 PSH (Peak Solar Hour)
n = 500 olives
2 dripper/olive
2 l/h (dripper)
(1) (499) (500)(n)
Flow>Qmin
Qmin (1) = 500 x 2 x 2 = 2000 l/h
We need more than this flow
To presurize the pipe
To work the dripper
?Howmuchwaterneed every tree
In our case we use 20 l/tree each day
Qmin (2) = 500 x 20 = 10.000 l/day
6 -7 WECANSUPPOSEINFIRSTAPROACHTHATWEONLYHAVE PSHATIRRIGATIONSEASON
Qmin (2) = 10.000 l/day
6,5 PSH/day ≅ 1.540 l/h
WEMUSTSELECTTHEMAXIMUNVALUEOFQmin
Qmin (2) ≅ 1.540 l/h
Qmin (1) = 500 x 2 x 2 = 2000 l/h
Q min= 2000 /l h
We must calculate the loss of pressure. It has three components
(1) Height losses
(2) Pipe losses
(3) Dripper losses
∆ = + ( ) + P H Ploss pipe ∆Dripper
(1) Height losses
H1
H2D
Nivel medio del aguaH1
H2D
Nivel medio del agua
H1 10H2 0
H1
H2D
Nivel medio del agua
(2) Pipe losses
Lenght int diameter speed m.c.a.(m) (mm) (m/s) tramo10 30 0,90 0,34
Exact value
Lenght % loss mca10 3 0,3
Estimated value
(3) Dripper losses
In the best one of the case, we need more than 5 mca
WE USUALLY USE 15 mca
∆ = + ( ) + P H Ploss pipe ∆Dripper
∆ = 10 + 0,3 + 15 = 26,3 P mca
300 W de potencia nominal (Wp)
During PSH we get 2000 l/h of SQflex
∫f(x)=PSH x 2000 l/h
Maximal Power Point
The PV panel increase its power with Solar Radiation
Tª = 25∫
I = 1000 W/m2
The PV Voltage increase if cell Tª decrease
The PV Voltage decrease if cell Tª increase
30 Vcc 300 VccMinimun Voltage of Sqflex Converter Minimun Voltage of Sqflex Converter
Irradiancia media diaria mensual según la inclinación (kJ/m2)
7000
9000
11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
Ene
rgía
me
dia
me
nsua
l (M
J/m
2)
90º
60º
45º
15º
50º
Solar Radiation at different inclination