Joy Enomoto

LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan

CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY

Counter mapping of space, place & memory

Joy Enomoto

LIS 601 Spring 2016

Professor Vanessa Irvin

Bibliographic Research Plan

Joy Enomoto

LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan

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Table of Contents

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….2

Audience………………………………………………………………………...2

Reference Source.……………………………………………………………....3

Citation Style & Coding Key…………………………………………………..3

Search Strategy…………………………………………………………………………3

Subject Headings……………………………………………………….4

LC Call Numbers……….……………………………………………....4

Search Terms…….……………………………………………………..5

Boolean Expressions.………….………………………………………..5

Natural Language Strings ……………………………………………..5

Search Process.………………………………………………………………………….6

OPACS ………………………………………………………………………….6

Databases and Indexes …………………………………………………………6

Web Resources..…………………………………………………………………8

Conclusion .…………………………………………………………………………...…8

Works Cited..…………………………………………………………………………..10

Appendix I: Annotated Bibliography .……………………………………………….13

Critical Cartograph. ..…………………………………………………………13

Indigenous Cartography.……………………………………….……………..13

Art Mapping..…………………………………………………………………..14

Cognitive Mapping ……………………………………………………………15

Appendix II: Search Term Relevancy Chart..……………………………………….16

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Introduction

Critical Cartography is a dynamic, cross disciplinary field of study that challenges

traditional cartographers by pushing against the supposition that maps are objective

representations of real space and instead calls “into question the presumptions of

professional cartography, “professional cartography” referring at once to official map-

making, the dominant map houses, and academic cartography” (Krygier and Wood 3).

Drawing from postmodernist philosophers, such as Foucault, during the late 1980s and

early 1990s, advocates of critical cartography set out to reveal “the ‘hidden agendas of

cartography’ as tools of socio-spatial power” (Einat 1). Critical cartography puts forward

new mapping practices, known as counter-mapping. Counter-mapping refers to any map-

making processes that challenge the formal maps of the state. This includes Indigenous

cartography or ethnocartography, art mapping and cognitive mapping.

Indigenous cartography, sometimes referred to as ethnocartography refers to non-western

mapping practices created from the perspective of Indigenous peoples and running

challenging colonial assertions over land claims.

Art mapping is “nothing less than the remaking of the world” (Krygier and Wood 10).

The remapping of the social, cultural or linguistic space challenges the entire notion of

the professional map and asserts a new form of what is real. Visual artists often create

new maps from traditional maps or do away with their boundaries all together.

Cognitive Mapping or mental mapping “refers to the ways in which people comprehend,

learn, remember, record and articulate their experiences in the physical environment”

(Einat 1).

Critical cartography moves the map beyond the realm of an object and into a space for

complex critical thinking in regards to understanding our world. As such, the develop-

ment of critical maps are often used as tools for activists and those committed to social

justice pursuing a new narrative counter to colonial descriptions of space, time and

memory.

Audience

This research plan was designed to serve researchers in the field of cartography, human

geography, Indigenous studies, visual art and art history, border studies, political science,

American studies and other related social sciences. This plan may also serve librarians

working with map collections and georeferencing tools. The core of the sources would

best serve faculty and students of the University of Hawaii at Mānoa (UHM), but it is

broad enough in scope for this interested in pursuing this field outside of the university.

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Reference Sources

For background information on the field of Critical Cartography and its related fields,

there were several reference sources that I consulted through Hamilton Library:

Harley, J. B., and Woodward, David. The History of Cartography. Chicago: U of

Chicago, 1987. Print. (Call Number: GA201 .H53 1987 ).

This two volume set, whose initial volume was published in 1987 was followed by three

books compiling the second volume that were released in piece meal over the next 11

years. This collection sets out to define a new set of relationships between maps and the

physical world and repositioning at the heart of cultural life and society.

Kitchin, Rob, and Freundschuh, Scott. Cognitive Mapping : Past, Present, and Future.

London ; New York: Routledge, 2000. Print. (Call Number: BF314 .K58 2000).

This book provides a good overview of the origin of the subject area of cognitive

mapping, contemporary discussions and the directions this type of spatial interrogation is

headed.

Scott, Clay, Warren, Alvin, Enote, Jim, and Indigenous Communities Mapping Initiative.

Mapping Our Places : Voices from the Indigenous Communities Mapping

Initiative. Berkeley, CA: The Initiative, 2005. Print. (Call Number: E98.F6 M22

2005 Library Use Only).

This text discusses the use of oral histories, dreams and story telling as a method of way-

finding through an Indigenous world view.

Pitzl, Gerald R. Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Pub.,

2004. Print. (Call Number: GF4 .P58 2004 Library Use Only)

This encyclopedia discusses all the ways in which humans interact and provides

overviews for critical cartography, indigenous mapping and cognitive mapping.

Citation Style & Coding Key

All citations in this bibliographic research plan follow the guidelines of the MLA

Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (7th edition). The coding key for this project

primarily utilized key word search terms (KW) in lower case and in quotes, keywords

with Boolean operators (AND OR NOT) will be in mixed case with the Boolean

operators in caps. Controlled vocabulary (CV) search terms in all caps.

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Search Strategy

I applied the coding key as previously stated and used the Library of Congress

Classification Outline to determine subject headings, their subclasses and call numbers.

Since this research plan caters primarily to the UHM and academic libraries, I did not use

Dewey Decimal classifications in my search. I also did not include subject headings that

included literary mapping which would have made the scope too broad and taken away

from the focus of spatial criticism and applied mapping practice.

Subject Headings

Library of Congress (LC)

To locate Library of Congress subject headings and call numbers I rely on the Library of

Congress Classification Outline. I began with the subject of Geography and narrowed the

terms from this point.

Subject headings:

GEOGRAPHY MAPS

MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY COUNTER MAPPING

CARTOGRAPHY INDIGENOUS MAPPING

CARTOGRAPHY - HISTORY COGNITIVE MAPS (PSYCHOLOGY)

ETHNOCARTOGRAPHY MENTAL MAPPING

POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY ART MAPS

LC Call Numbers

These call numbers provide the ranges for searches in Critical Cartography and it sub-

headings.

GA MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY. CARTOGRAPHY

GA 101-1776 CARTOGRAPHY

GA 125-155 MAP DRAWING, MODELING, PAINTING, READING, ETC.

GA 197.5N-198 CARTOGRAPHERS

GA 300 - 325 WORLD MAPS, GENERAL ATLAS, ETC.

GA 341- 1776 MAPS. BY REGION OR COUNTRY

GN ANTHROPOLOGY

GN 301-674 ETHNOLOGY. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

GN 357-367 CULTURAL AND CULTURAL PROCESSES

INCLUDING SOCIAL CHANGE, STRUCTURALISM, ETC.

BF PSYCHOLOGY

BF 309-499 CONSCIOUSNESS. COGNITION

INCLUDING LEARNING, ATTENTION, COMPREHENSION,

MEMORY,IMAGINATION, GENIUS, INTELLIGENCE,

THOUGHT AND THINKING,PSYCHOLINGUISTICS,

MENTAL FATIGUE

E HISTORY OF AMERICAS

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E 11-143 AMERICA

JC319-323 POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY

N VISUAL ARTS

N300-7418 HISTORY

N7560-8266 SPECIAL SUBJECTS AS ART

Search Terms

Instructions

The coding key to delineate between the difference between terms are keyword searches

in lower case, Boolean expressions have a mixed case combining keywords in lower case

and Boolean term in all caps (AND OR NOT). Natural language strings are lower case

and in quotes to set them apart. ? are used for truncation purposes to allow for variations.

Keywords

The following are keywords related to critical cartography or counter mapping. These

terms are helpful for database searches. Some terms have ? marks for truncation to allow

for variants in the term.

cartograph? (cartography, cartographer, cartographic) critical

Indigen? (indigenous, indigeneity) map

cognit? (cognition, cognitive) map

critical cartography

counter mapping

mental mapping

ethnocartography

art mapping

indigenous cartography

Boolean Expressions

cartography AND art

critical cartography NOT literary

critical cartography OR counter mapping

cartography AND (criticism OR counter)

Indigenous AND map

map? NOT literary AND indigenous

art AND cartography AND power

Natural Language Strings

“indigenous counter mapping” “mapping empire”

“map as art” “indigenous critical cartography”

“deconstructing the map” “what is critical cartography”

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Search Process

OPACS (Online Public Access Catalogs)

UH Voyager

I conducted the majority of my searches through Voyager since this bibliographic plan

caters to UH Mānoa students. The site yielded a great number of titles on indigenous

cartography and counter mapping. However, I realized that because critical cartography

is not an LC subject heading, the only way for most searches to be effective, keywords

and not subject searches were needed.

WorldCat

WorldCat was not as productive for this topic as I hoped it would be, because it usually

held more title options than Voyager and could be used to request titles through UH

Mānoa’s Interlibrary Loans program. WorldCat tends to be my go-to OPAC when I am

unable to locate titles in UH Voyager, however, I found that it had the same problems as

Voyager in terms of search terms and required some creative alternatives to get at the

good stuff.

Databases and Indexes

These databases and indexes have extensive resources pertaining to all aspects of

geography and cartography.

Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost)

This database provided poor results for the keyword search “critical cartography” but the

keyword phrase “counter mapping” yielded at least 35 appropriate articles and 9 results

for the Boolean expression “indigenous mapping” AND “counter mapping”. The

keyword phrase “indigenous mapping” alone provided 84 results. Trying to find these

terms under (CV) subject headings provided no results. The majority of the articles have

been published within the last 8 years, many within the last two years. So this database is

a wonderful resource for contemporary articles.

Dissertations & Theses (ProQuest)

This database proved productive for this subject area. However, su(indigenous) AND

su(cartography) produced interesting results that proved useful. 2 dissertations examined

the role of Hawaiian knowledge and ways of finding. The Boolean expression (cognitive

mapping) AND indigenous produced 20 interesting dissertations. Surprisingly there were

several papers to art and cartography.

GeoBase via Engineeering Village 2 (Elsevier)

This database in a compendex or bibliographic engineering database that provides

geographic resources combined with GeoRef via Engineering Village 2. The database can

be limited to search only within GeoBase. The Engineering Village database uses the CV

(WN) for within and (KY) for subject/title/abstract. This proved to be very fruitful for

((counter mapping) WN KY) which provided over a thousand results, so several limiters

had to be applied in regards to region and type of mapping to bring the number down to

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375 results. ((indigenous cartography) WN KY) had 94 results. The Boolean expression

(((art) WN KY) AND ((critical mapping) WN KY)) with the additional limiters

({mapping} OR {semantics} OR {art} OR {maps} OR {visualization}) WN CV) yield

125 articles.

GeoRef via Engineering Village 2 (Elsevier)

This database produces the same results as GeoBase unless limited to within GeoRef and

compendex, excluding GeoBase. This limits the results to only 25 results or less per

query and may also give different results. The main focus of this database is geology in

North America from 1785 until present with references to the U.S. geological survey, so

as a stand-alone database, it is not ideal for this subject.

JSTOR

This database only allows for full text, abstract, caption, title or author search. Yet this

site produced the most full-text material for the search term critical cartography, but was

the least productive for the term indigenous cartography, only offering book reviews.

This site also had surprisingly less constructive items related to art maps than I would

have expected. For example, the search ((critical cartography) AND (art mapping))

produced over 395,000 results so it would take far too long to sift through all of these.

OneSearch Manoa

By far the most productive resource for this subject, since it is linked to the Voyager

catalog and gives the most efficient articles and specific entries. For UH Mānoa students

this is definitely the best place to find resources. For example, as soon as you type in the

keyword critical cartography, the first result is the reference entry “Critical Cartography”

from the Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Since OneSearch is an OCLC (online

computer library center) is links multiple databases and therefore can produce some of

the most accurate results. OneSearch also makes it easy to exclude topics such as

literature mapping, which is difficult to do on other databases even with the help of

Boolean operators and other limiters.

Science Direct

This database pulls from science journals and books. Although, this database has a

limited number of publication titles it yielded a few good quality sources.

Web of ScienceIn the areas of Geography, Area Studies many articles come up in

relationship to critical cartography (214) and indigenous cartography (98) and 31 articles

come up for the topic (TS) search: mental mapping. You have to check each article for its

full text availability, but it is a good resource. It is not a good resource for art mapping.

No results came up for this area.

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Web Resources

Google Books

Google Books is a comprehensive index of full text titles books. A good ready reference

source, if you are in a hurry. It actually proved to be a great resource for books on critical

cartography. More comprehensive than the OPACS and the databases combined. But

also, reflected much of what could be found in WorldCat.

Google Scholar

While it’s not without its problems, this is still a good quick search site for full text

searches. Critical cartography pulls up 84,000 results, I would say about 200 are relevant.

Indigenous cartography brings up 26,000 results and mental mapping AND indigenous

pulls up 92,000 results. Quite frankly, I would only check the first two pages of results or

add date limiters to use these sources. This is a terrible site for art and critical

cartography, primarily because it is a new field in terms of scholarly study as opposed to

practice.

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Conclusion

Critical Cartography is considered a broad and multidisciplinary field of study. It is also a

relatively new field in the world of cartography, so the CV search terms are not as

productive as I would like them to be. As referred to in the Getty publication

“Introduction to Controlled Vocabularies,” “The most important functions of a controlled

vocabulary are to gather together variant terms and synonyms for concepts and to link

concepts in a logical order or sort them into categories” (Harpring 2.1). It has been my

experience that anything that challenges established bodies of study or relate to social

justice somehow require more creative searches. That was definitely true in this situation.

The concept of art mapping, which as a practice is not new, but it is only now being

examined in the social science and geography disciplines. Therefore, there are is no easy

way to explore this area. Cognitive or mental mapping which comes under psychology

and ethnology can provide results that are far too broad and require multiple limiters.

Sites like Google Scholar, do not help matters by providing results in the thousands.

I can’t help but think of the articles written by Dr. Jasco, mocking the ways in which

Google Scholar provides results, “GS lumps together the number of master records

(created for actual publications) and the number of citation records (distinguished by the

prefix: [citation]) when reporting the total hits for an author name search” (Jasco 26).

Google Scholar was a bit of a metadata nightmare. However, even though Google Books

also produced far too many results, it proved to be a much more pleasant experience.

Perhaps Google is more concerned with its commercial sales than its scholarly articles.

Although 51,000 results for books on critical cartography is ridiculous, but the first 3

pages were great. It was clear that date limiters were mandatory.

Natural language strings were not the most effective route for this subject. I relied heavily

on OPACs and databases where subject headings, keywords and Boolean expressions are

dominant. However, I so badly wanted to change the LC subject headings to produce

more efficient results, which called to mind the Rolla article on “User Tags versus

Subject Headings,” primarily because keyword searches produced better results than

subject searches. LCSH are often a bit too controlled and do not apply to how topics are

actually used. Even though “User tags by themselves cannot provide the best subject

access to the materials in library collections, but they can help point libraries in the right

direction” (Rolla 182). For example, there really is no proper term to capture art mapping

as it relates to critical cartography. It would be nice to be able to collectively coin a term

and add it to the record without having to deal with the drawn out processes of the

Library of Congress.

What I loved about this topic is that it is ideal discipline to apply radical reference

(citation needed). If librarians become involved in critical cartography, then librarians

can “go to the roots of our communities who thirst for info access in order to affect a

growth for the entire community” (Feliciter 12). Critical cartography was used by

librarians during the Occupy Wall Street movement and with more librarians becoming

trained in Global Information System technology and georeferencing, critical cartography

can only enhance the skills of reference librarians.

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Works Cited

Bryan, Joe, and Wood, Denis. Weaponizing Maps: Indigenous Peoples and

Counterinsurgency in the Americas. 2015. Web. 6 May 2016.

Connelly, Sean. “digital performance map of Hawaii.”hawaii-futures.com, 2008 -2016.

Web. 6 May 2016.

Crampton, Jeremy W., Elden, Stuart, and Ebrary, Inc. Space, Knowledge and Power

Foucault and Geography. Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2007.

Web. 6 May 2016

Gibaldi, Joseph, and Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook for

Writers of Research Papers. 7th ed. New York: Modern Language Association of

America, 2009. Print.

Harley, J. B. “Deconstructing the Map.” Cartographica: The International Journal for

Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 2.26 (1989): 1–20. Print. (Call

Number GA101 .C28 )

Harley, J. B., and Woodward, David. The History of Cartography. Chicago: U of

Chicago, 1987. Print. (Call Number: GA201 .H53 1987 ).

Harmon, Katharine A., and Clemans, Gayle. The Map as Art : Contemporary Artists

Explore Cartography. New York: Princeton Architectural, 2009. Print. (Call

Number: N8222.M375 H37 2009 UH Hilo Collection).

Harpring, P. “What are controlled vocabularies?” Introduction to Controlled

Vocabularies: Terminology for Art, Architecture, and Other Cultural Works,

Online Edition (2010): 2.1-2.3.10. Web. 6 May 2016.

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“Inuit Cartography (Cover Photo).”decolonialatlas.wordpress.com, March 2016. Web. 30

April 2016.

Jacsó Peter. "Metadata Mega Mess in Google Scholar." Online Information Review 34.1

(2010): 175-91. PDF file.

Jeremy Crampton & John Krygier, “An Introduction to Critical Cartography.” ACME: An

International e-Journal for Critical Geographies 4:1.Web. 4 May 2016.

Johnson, Jay T., and Larsen, Soren C. A Deeper Sense of Place : Stories and Journeys of

Indigenous-academic Collaboration. 2013. First Peoples (2010). Print. (Call

Number: G71.5 .D44 2013).

Jolly, Margaret. Imagining Oceania: Indigenous and Foreign Representations of a Sea of

Islands, 2007. Web.

Kitchin, Rob., and Freundschuh, Scott. Cognitive Mapping : Past, Present, and Future.

London ; New York: Routledge, 2000. Print. (Call Number: BF314 .K58 2000).

“Library of Congress Classification Outline.” Library of Congress: Classification

Division, n.d. Web. 6 May 2016.

Lin, Maya Ying., Andrews, Richard, Beardsley, John, and Henry Art Gallery. Maya Lin :

Systematic Landscapes. Seattle : New Haven: Henry Art Gallery, U of

Washington ; Yale University, 2006. Print. (Call Number: N6537.L54 A4

2006 Kapiolani CC).

Manoff, Einat. “Destabilizing the Map through Critical Cartography and Resistance.” The

People, Place, and Space Reader. routledge.com, 2014. Web. 4 May 2016.

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Norment, Christopher., and Ebrary, Inc. In the Memory of the Map a Cartographic

Memoir. Iowa City: U of Iowa, 2012. Sightline Books. Web. 6 May 2016.

Oliveira, Katrina-Ann R. Kapāʻanaokalāokeola Nākoa. Ancestral Places : Understanding

Kanaka Geographies. First Peoples (2010).2014. Print.

Pitzl, Gerald R. Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Pub.,

2004. Print. (Call Number: GF4 .P58 2004 Library Use Only)

“Radical Reference: Answers to Those Who Question Authority.” Feliciter 59.2 (2013):

12 -13. Web. 6 May 2016.

Rolla, Peter J. “User Tags versus Subject Headings: Can User Supplied Data Improve

Subject Access to Library Collections?” Library Resources & Technical Services,

2009. Web. 6 May 2016.

Scott, Clay., Warren, Alvin, Enote, Jim, and Indigenous Communities Mapping Initiative.

Mapping Our Places : Voices from the Indigenous Communities Mapping

Initiative. Berkeley, CA: The Initiative, 2005. Print. (Call Number: E98.F6 M22

2005 Library Use Only)

Yoneyama, Lisa. Hiroshima Traces Time, Space, and the Dialectics of Memory.

Twentieth-century Japan; 10. London, Berkeley: U of California Press 1999.

Print. (Call number: D767.25.H6 Y66 1999).

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Appendix I: Annotated Bibliography

Critical Cartography

Crampton, Jeremy W., Elden, Stuart, and Ebrary, Inc. Space, Knowledge and Power

Foucault and Geography. Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2007.

Web. 6 May 2016

A comprehensive overview of Michel Foucault’s engagement with geography, space and

power. This work interrogates what we believe to be true about cartography and special

design. Often used as a reference point for critical cartographers. Available as an e-book.

Harley, J. B. “Deconstructing the Map.” Cartographica: The International Journal for

Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 2.26 (1989): 1–20. Print. (Call

Number GA101 .C28 )

Harley’s influential essay written in 1989, is considered a foundation work for

researchers wanting to understand the origins of critical cartography. Harley was one of

the first to push the map into the realm of the social. This essay is found in print in the

journal Cartographica in Hamilton Library.

Pickles, John. A History of Spaces : Cartographic Reason, Mapping, and the Geo-coded

World. London; New York: Routledge, 2004. Print. (Call Number GA105.3.P52

2004).

This text begins with the discussion of the act of drawing a line and moves into how that

line is used on maps to become markers of power. Pickles ties maps to capitalism, natural

sciences and planetary consciousness. An incredibly interesting read.

Indigenous Cartography

Oliveira, Katrina-Ann R. Kapāʻanaokalāokeola Nākoa. Ancestral Places: Understanding

Kanaka Geographies. First Peoples (2010). 2014. Print. (Call Number DU624.65

.K38 2014)

This text explores the deep connections that Kānaka Maoli have to place. Through story

and dance, Nākoa demonstrates the ways in which Hawaiians utilize cartographic

performance as form of way-finding and construction of identity.

Bryan, Joe, and Wood, Denis. Weaponizing Maps : Indigenous Peoples and

Counterinsurgency in the Americas. 2015. Web. 6 May 2016.

Weaponizing Maps discusses the importance of the role of mapping for Indigenous

people to secure land rights. The authors also go on to examine Indigenous territories as

spaces defining a collective way of life throughout the Americas. Available for UH

Mānoa students and faculty online.

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Jolly, Margaret. Imagining Oceania: Indigenous and Foreign Representations of a Sea of

Islands, 2007. Web.

This paper examines two 18th century maps and ponders the power of cartography in how

far they differ from indigenous genealogies and places. Jolly also examines the enduring

partitioning of the Pacific into Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia. Then she goes on to

consider an alternative vision of Oceania. This title is available on-line for UH Mānoa

faculty and students.

hawaii-futures.com

This site created by Harvard student Sean Connelly, is critical map considering the

restoration of the eco-systems of Hawaii’s ahupuaʻa system. These interactive maps

incorporate economics, geo-spatial design and cognitive mapping to imagine a restorative

future for the islands. This site was recently mentioned at the 2016 Hawaiian

Librarianship Symposium in reference to its relationship to the emerging field of digital

humanities.

Art Mapping

Harmon, Katharine A., and Clemans, Gayle. The Map as Art : Contemporary Artists

Explore Cartography. New York: Princeton Architectural, 2009. Print. (Call

Number: N8222.M375 H37 2009 UH Hilo Collection).

360 maps come together to combine imagination and information to form new concepts

of society, culture, geo-politics and ecology. This is a wonderful introduction to the world

of art mapping. UH Mānoa students and faculty will have to request this item from the

Hilo collection or ILL.

Lin, Maya Ying., Andrews, Richard, Beardsley, John, and Henry Art Gallery. Maya Lin :

Systematic Landscapes. Seattle : New Haven: Henry Art Gallery, U of

Washington ; Yale University, 2006. Print. (Call Number: N6537.L54 A4

2006 Kapiolani CC).

A beautiful body of work by landscape architect and artist Maya Lin, the creator of the

Vietnam Memorial. Systematic Landscapes displays Lin’s mastery application of the

science of engineering and imagination to literally build maps of the ocean floor and

bodies of water floating in space. This item must be requested from Kapiolani

Community College.

Countercartographies.org

This website is run by the Counter- Cartographies Collective (3Cs). It is a collaborative

site that brings artists, scholars, community activists together for participatory mapping to

transform “the conditions of we think, write and map” (3Cs). A wonderful resource for

contemporary discussions and creations of critical maps.

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decolonialatlas.wordpress.com

Created in 2014, the Decolonial Atlas project is a site that brings together maps that

“challenges our relationships with the land, people and state…there is no such thing as

truth in cartography” (“about” decolonial atlas). By far my favorite open access visual

resource, combining scholarship and art in exciting ways.

Cognitive Mapping

Norment, Christopher., and Ebrary, Inc. In the Memory of the Map a Cartographic

Memoir. Iowa City: U of Iowa, 2012. Sightline Books. Web.

Norment explores the complex relationship among maps, memory and experience by

interweaving a personal narrative around several maps with stories about maps by poets

and scholars. The reader is taken on a psychological cartographic journey that explores

the mystery, short comings and power of maps as an active agent in their lives. This title

is available on line.

Johnson, Jay T., and Larsen, Soren C. A Deeper Sense of Place : Stories and Journeys of

Indigenous-academic Collaboration. 2013. First Peoples (2010). Print. (Call

Number: G71.5 .D44 2013).

This text brings together a collection of essays by scholars and Indigenous culture

keepers discussing their physical and psychological connection to their landscapes,

ecologies and the sea. By combining Indigenous mapping practices and cognitive

mapping, the reader is given a rich tapestry of the vast range of geographic perception.

This item is also available as an e-book.

Yoneyama, Lisa. Hiroshima Traces Time, Space, and the Dialectics of Memory.

Twentieth-century Japan; 10. London, Berkeley: U of California Press 1999.

Print. (Call number: D767.25.H6 Y66 1999).

An intense reflection on collective memory following the ravages of war. Yoneyama

reveals perspectives of the same events from the voices of those that have been

historically silenced to the denial narratives of the Japanese officials. This book also

examines the memories of Korean comfort women and the cartographies of memory that

arise through trauma.

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Appendix II: Search Term Relevancy Chart

Ranking System

HR= highly relevant

U=useful

NR = not relevant

Types of Searches

KY= subject/title/ abstract

KW= keyword

FT=full text

CV=controlled vocabulary

SK= subject keyword

SU=LC subject headings

NL=natural language

TO=topic

UH Voyager

Search Terms

Number of

Items

Retrieved

Relevancy

KW: cartograph? critical 91 HR

KW: indigen? Map 611 HR

KW: cognit? Map 220 U

KW: critical cartography 52 U

SK: critical cartography 0 NR

KW: counter-mapping 9 U

SK: counter-mapping 0 NR

CV: CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY OR COUNTER-

MAPPING 104 U

KW: mental mapping 125 U

SK: mental mapping 2 NR

CV: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND INDIGENOUS 3 NR

KW: ethnocartography 1 U

CV:ART AND CARTOGRAPHY AND POWER 10 U

KW/ NL: “map as art” 863 U

KW: indigenous cartography 32 HR

KS: INDIGENOUS MAPS 5 U

CV: MAP? NOT LITERARY AND INDIGENOUS 9 NR

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17

CV: CARTOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM 70 NR

KW: mapping empire 146 U

WorldCat

Search Terms Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

SU: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 28 U

SU: CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY 9 NR

CV: CARTOGRAPHY AND ART AND

EMPIRE 79 U

SU: POLITICAL CARTOGRAPHY 233 U

CV: COUNTER MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS 0 NR

KW: radical cartography 150 U

CV: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS NOT LITERARY 21 NR

Academic Search Complete

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

KW: critical cartography 67 U

SU: CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY 0 NR

KW: counter mapping 47 U

SU: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 14 U

CV: COUNTER MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 7 U

KW: INDIGENOUS MAPPING 84 HR

KW: COGNITIVE MAPPING 646 NR

CV: ART MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 1 HR

Dissertations and Theses

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

SU/FT: CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY 9 U

SU/FT: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 20 HR

CV/FT: “MAPS AND ART” 20 U

CV/FT: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 20 HR

Joy Enomoto

LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan

18

GeoBase via Engineering Village 2

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

KY: critical cartography 387 U

KY: indigenous cartography 100 HR

KY: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY

AND COUNTER MAPPING 25 U

KY: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 25 HR

KY: ART AND CRITICAL

CARTOGRAPHY 25 HR

GeoRef via Engineering Village 2 (excluding GeoBase sources)

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

KY: critical cartography 352 U

KY: indigenous cartography 14 U

KY: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY

AND COUNTER MAPPING 0 NR

KY: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 1 HR

KY: ART AND CARTOGRAPHY 100 U

JSTOR

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

FT: critical cartography 6704 U

FT: indigenous cartography 2,269 U

FT: counter mapping 18,576 U

FT: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 211 U

FT: ART MAPS AND INDIGENOUS

CARTOGRAPHY 874 U

OneSearch Manoa

Search Terms

Number of

Items

Retrieved

Relevancy

KW: cartograph? Critical 2836 U

Joy Enomoto

LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan

19

KW: indigen? Map 253 U

KW: cognit? Map 142 U

KW: critical cartography 2,075 U

SK: CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY 79 NR

KW: counter-mapping 3,396 U

SK: counter-mapping 32 U

CV: CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY OR COUNTER-

MAPPING 1461 HR

KW: mental mapping 12,1910 NR

SK: mental mapping 1514 NR

CV: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND INDIGENOUS 46 U

CV: ETHNOCARTOGRAPHY AND

INDIGENOUS 26 HR

CV:ART AND CARTOGRAPHY AND EMPIRE 140 U

KW: “map as art” 29, 614 U

KW: indigenous cartography 814 HR

KS: INDIGENOUS MAPS 3057 U

CV: MAP? NOT LITERARY AND INDIGENOUS 1319 U

CV: CARTOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM 474 NR

KW: mapping empire 2,351 U

Science Direct

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

KY: critical cartography 64 HR

KY: indigenous cartography 21 U

KY: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY

AND COUNTER MAPPING 7 U

KY: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 1 HR

KY: ART MAPPING AND INDIGENOUS

CARTOGRAPHY 4 U

Web of Science

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

TS: critical cartography 214 U

TS: indigenous cartography 98 HR

TS: INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY

AND COUNTER MAPPING 5 HR

Joy Enomoto

LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan

20

TS: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 0 NR

TS: ART MAPPING AND INDIGENOUS

CARTOGRAPHY 1 NR

TS: mental mapping 31 NR

Google Books (date limiter 1986 - 2016)

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

KW: critical cartography 7,960 U

KW: indigenous cartography 3,290 U

KW: indigenous mapping 6,780 U

KW: counter mapping 7,130 U

CV: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 1360 U

CV: ART MAPPING AND INDIGENOUS

CARTOGRAPHY 2370 U

Google Scholar (date limiter 1986 - 2016)

Search Terms

Number of Items

Retrieved Relevancy

KW: critical cartography 34,200 U

KW: indigenous cartography 16,500 U

KW: counter mapping 340,00 U

CV: COGNITIVE MAPPING AND

INDIGENOUS CARTOGRAPHY 16,100 U

CV: ART AND EMPIRE AND COUNTER

MAPPING 20,100 U