Spatial AnalysisTopic:
Spatial Planning for Waste ManagementThe Case Study of the Integrated Waste
Management Plan (IWMP)Okhahlamba Local Municipality, KZN
Author:
Ms. Siphelelisiwe Gugulethu Sithole
Organisation: PRAVIN AMAR DEVELOPMENT PLANNERS
[email protected]/[email protected]
13 September 2013
Abstract: The use of spatial data and GIS analytical
techniques as a means of providing solutions to
development, socio-economic, infrastructural services, public
services (e.g. municipal utility billing systems) and other
problems has become an topic al issue amongst various
users and decision makers i.e. development planners,
statisticians & organs of state.
Although the topic has become popular, GIS with its map-
making & analysis capabilities remain an underutilized tool
particularly in the context of spatial representation for waste
statistics and decision making related to waste management
strategisingAuthor: SG SITHOLE 2
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1) Background to the study/Background of Integrated Waste Management Plans (IWMPs)
2) Methodology: understanding the IWMP process3) Area Analysis : brief overview4) Summary of Key Statistics5) Conceptual framework for Spatial Planning concerning
waste6) Intended objectives and outcome of the data mapping
exercise7) Opportunities and Challenges 8) Closing statement
Author: SG SITHOLE 3
1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY/ IWMPS
• The project was commissioned by the Okhahlamba Local Municipality (OLM), after
having undertaken a site identification process for the establishment the need for
a municipal landfill site.Due to inadequate information to enable an informed decision, it was resolved that a comprehensive IWMP is required prior to deciding on the suitable location of the landfill site.
• Notwithstanding the above, the promulgation of the National Waste Management
Act of 2009 directs that all organs of state must fully have compliant IWMPs,
• This implies that IWMPs are now mandatory and they must be aligned to the IDPs
and are subject to approval by the Department of Environmental Affairs
• IWMPs contain key features which are directly linked and involve a spatial
planning dimension that talks to GIS, map-mapping and its decision-making
capabilitiesAuthor: SG SITHOLE 4
1. Situational Analysis/Status Quo
2. Desired end state
3. Alternatives Assessment
4. Select preferred
alternatives
6. Implementation Plan
7. Monitoring and review
2. METHODOLOGY: UNDERSTANDING THE IWMP PROCESS
The formulation of the IWMP is undertaken in line with the following processes:
Source: Guidelines for the development of Integrated Waste Management Plans (IWMPs)
Data Collection Tools Spatial data Non-spatial data Literature review i.e.
scrutinizing the existing policies, legislation. Guidelines, etc.
Interviews/questionnaires Field visits/surveys Observation
Data analysis include:• Desktop analysis• Financial analysis• Legislative analysis• Geographic data analysis
Author: SG SITHOLE 5
3. AREA ANALYSIS: BRIEF OVERVIEWGeographic Situation
- The OLM is one of the five municipalities forming the Uthukela District Municipality, within the Province of KZN
- The municipality is the largest within the Uthukela district municipality (approximately 3, 971km² in extent) .
- It is bordered by the Free State province on the west and it is well linked and strategically positioned in terms of existing road networks, particularly the main N3 link from Durban to Gauteng.
- The settlement pattern is influenced by the landscape as well as the prevalence of sensitive environments within the Okhahlamba Local Municipality i.e. mountainous regions, heritage sites, hydrographic network and other key features.
- The area has a general rural landscape; some areas resemble a semi-urban setting. As such, most settlements are concentrated around urban centres i.e. Geluksburg, Bergville, Winterton as well as concentration around Tribal Authority regions.
Note: The following slide indicate a visual description of the physical character of the areaAuthor: SG SITHOLE 6
Author: SG SITHOLE 7
Okhahlamba LM
Emnambithi/Ladysmith LM
Indaka LM
Emtshezi LM
Imbabazane LM
Available Waste Stats
The municipality currently has one refuse site (which is informally operated)
A small percentage of waste producers i.e. households and businesses receive waste collection services by the local municipality or by private waste collectors (businesses) – services are not spread out to the rural localities.
The “burn and bury”/own refuse dump is a predominant method for waste disposal/waste handling in the rural communities.
75% of the population utilise this method
WASTE PRACTICE
WASTE SOURCES AND QAUNTITIES (TONS PER ANNUM)
Domestic
Business Industrial
Medical Mining
Generated 624 5 748 None 26 None ??
Collected 624 5 748 None 26 None??
Recycled None None None None None
Treated 312 1 817 None 26 None
Disposed 312 3 931 None 26 None ??
QUANTITIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE IN OKHAHLAMBA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY (TONS PER ANNUM)
Author: SG SITHOLE 8
4.SUMMARY OF KEY STATISTICSName of the Municipality
Extent Population Size
Population density per Km2
Number of households
Average household size
Weekly refuse removal By the Municipality/Private Company
Own Waste Disposal Facility
Waste generated/Month /annum
KZN232: Emnambithi/Ladysmith
2, 965km²
237 437 80 persons/km2
53 058 4 58.1% Yes ??
KZN233: Indaka
992km² 103 116 104 persons/km2
20 035 5.1 13.4% Unknown ??
KZN234: Umtshezi
1, 972km² 83 153 42 persons/km2
19 252 4.2 50.3% Unknown ??
KZN235: Okhahlamba
3, 971km² 132 068 33 persons/km2
27 576 4.6 9.2% Yes ??
KZN236: Imbabazane
1, 426km² 113 073 79 persons/km2
22 365 5 0.9% Yes ??
1. Source StatsSA- http://beta2.statssa.gov.za/ - Census 20132. Demarcation Board
Author: SG SITHOLE 9
5. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR SPATIAL PLANNING CONCERNING WASTE
To provide vision and consistent direction, as well as a strategic assessment not only of what is desirable, but what is possible in the context of the physical environment
The Framework- Collect data (spatial and non-spatial data)
- Integration of data (spatial and attribute data)into a specific layer/s
- Build municipal GIS model ( e.g. “Waste-Spatial Database” -WSDB)- to form an integrated waste stats and geographic information system
- End product - Interactive GIS consisting information about waste producers, the
amounts and types of waste, collection points, transportation routes- Integrated waste and geographic information management system
Author: SG SITHOLE 10
6. INTENDED OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOME OF THE DATA MAPPING EXERCISE
What we intend to do with GIS in collaboration with waste statistics
Use GIS to store and present data concerning waste producers, waste types and quantities of waste generated
Develop interactive maps that indicate: The distribution of existing waste facilities such as landfill sites, recycling
centres/waste transfer stations with descriptive attributes information for each municipal entity
Existing status of waste practices in each management area of the municipality i.e. waste practices per ward.
Waste services pattern i.e. collection routes, collection points and disposal points
These will assist in identifying key areas for the implementation of waste management strategies (e.g. new waste disposal areas, recycling centres, etc).
Author: SG SITHOLE 11
Author: SG SITHOLE 12
Scenario 1: Ward-Based Waste Information System
Author: SG SITHOLE 13
Scenario 2: Entity Specific Waste Information System i.e. disposal sites, waste transfer station and re-cycling centres
7.OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Challenges: Lack of readily available data due to data collection problems, e.g.
sites not having formal means for data collection (such as weighbridges). Therefore the majority of spatial data has missing attribute information.
Inability of institutions that are in custodianship of the appropriate waste information data or systems to facilitate the planning process – waste information system should reflect detailed information about waste stats within no gaps
Incongruence with aligning data collection and sectoral terminology e.g. data collection on waste should align to the various definitions of waste in the Waste Act such as the type of waste generated within the municipality (no mention of e-waste)
Author: SG SITHOLE 14
Author: SG SITHOLE 15
7.OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Challenges:
Limited capacity and utilisation of GIS to provide solutions and accelerate service delivery; as such GIS still remain an underutilized tool in development planning
GIS is merely a tool that can only be used optimally when the integrity of the data and information collection process is not compromised.
Opportunities
Presentation of information spatially presents an opportunity to realise what is available, exactly where in the unit of area (i.e. ward level) to in facilitate informed and appropriate decisions
8.CLOSING STATEMENT
Waste information should not be considered in isolation from other social census as it has a direct relationship with the development planning policies i.e. IDPs that make use of social census for decision making
All users must endeavor to utilise the available technologies such as GIS for problem solving and to enhance service delivery
Technologies such as Google Earth and other open source (free) technology makes information sharing more accessible so the challenge for professionals is to now make it easier for the public to utilise
Our IWMP mapping process intends to utilise “crowd-mapping” to gather primary data and allow anyone with access to a smart-phone to be able to input data into “live” map making process – this will be a precursor to the Waste Information System already in place nationally, but which is not being implemented suitablyAuthor: SG SITHOLE 16