Spatial AnalysisTopic:

Spatial Planning for Waste ManagementThe Case Study of the Integrated Waste

Management Plan (IWMP)Okhahlamba Local Municipality, KZN

Author:

Ms. Siphelelisiwe Gugulethu Sithole

Organisation: PRAVIN AMAR DEVELOPMENT PLANNERS

md@pravinamar.com/gugusithole@gmail.com

13 September 2013

Abstract: The use of spatial data and GIS analytical

techniques as a means of providing solutions to

development, socio-economic, infrastructural services, public

services (e.g. municipal utility billing systems) and other

problems has become an topic al issue amongst various

users and decision makers i.e. development planners,

statisticians & organs of state.

Although the topic has become popular, GIS with its map-

making & analysis capabilities remain an underutilized tool

particularly in the context of spatial representation for waste

statistics and decision making related to waste management

strategisingAuthor: SG SITHOLE 2

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

1) Background to the study/Background of Integrated Waste Management Plans (IWMPs)

2) Methodology: understanding the IWMP process3) Area Analysis : brief overview4) Summary of Key Statistics5) Conceptual framework for Spatial Planning concerning

waste6) Intended objectives and outcome of the data mapping

exercise7) Opportunities and Challenges 8) Closing statement

Author: SG SITHOLE 3

1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY/ IWMPS

• The project was commissioned by the Okhahlamba Local Municipality (OLM), after

having undertaken a site identification process for the establishment the need for

a municipal landfill site.Due to inadequate information to enable an informed decision, it was resolved that a comprehensive IWMP is required prior to deciding on the suitable location of the landfill site.

• Notwithstanding the above, the promulgation of the National Waste Management

Act of 2009 directs that all organs of state must fully have compliant IWMPs,

• This implies that IWMPs are now mandatory and they must be aligned to the IDPs

and are subject to approval by the Department of Environmental Affairs

• IWMPs contain key features which are directly linked and involve a spatial

planning dimension that talks to GIS, map-mapping and its decision-making

capabilitiesAuthor: SG SITHOLE 4

1. Situational Analysis/Status Quo

2. Desired end state

3. Alternatives Assessment

4. Select preferred

alternatives

6. Implementation Plan

7. Monitoring and review

2. METHODOLOGY: UNDERSTANDING THE IWMP PROCESS

The formulation of the IWMP is undertaken in line with the following processes:

Source: Guidelines for the development of Integrated Waste Management Plans (IWMPs)

Data Collection Tools Spatial data Non-spatial data Literature review i.e.

scrutinizing the existing policies, legislation. Guidelines, etc.

Interviews/questionnaires Field visits/surveys Observation

Data analysis include:• Desktop analysis• Financial analysis• Legislative analysis• Geographic data analysis

Author: SG SITHOLE 5

3. AREA ANALYSIS: BRIEF OVERVIEWGeographic Situation

- The OLM is one of the five municipalities forming the Uthukela District Municipality, within the Province of KZN

- The municipality is the largest within the Uthukela district municipality (approximately 3, 971km² in extent) .

- It is bordered by the Free State province on the west and it is well linked and strategically positioned in terms of existing road networks, particularly the main N3 link from Durban to Gauteng.

- The settlement pattern is influenced by the landscape as well as the prevalence of sensitive environments within the Okhahlamba Local Municipality i.e. mountainous regions, heritage sites, hydrographic network and other key features.

- The area has a general rural landscape; some areas resemble a semi-urban setting. As such, most settlements are concentrated around urban centres i.e. Geluksburg, Bergville, Winterton as well as concentration around Tribal Authority regions.

Note: The following slide indicate a visual description of the physical character of the areaAuthor: SG SITHOLE 6

Author: SG SITHOLE 7

Okhahlamba LM

Emnambithi/Ladysmith LM

Indaka LM

Emtshezi LM

Imbabazane LM

Available Waste Stats

The municipality currently has one refuse site (which is informally operated)

A small percentage of waste producers i.e. households and businesses receive waste collection services by the local municipality or by private waste collectors (businesses) – services are not spread out to the rural localities.

The “burn and bury”/own refuse dump is a predominant method for waste disposal/waste handling in the rural communities.

75% of the population utilise this method

WASTE PRACTICE

WASTE SOURCES AND QAUNTITIES (TONS PER ANNUM)

Domestic

Business Industrial

Medical Mining

Generated 624 5 748 None 26 None ??

Collected 624 5 748 None 26 None??

Recycled None None None None None

Treated 312 1 817 None 26 None

Disposed 312 3 931 None 26 None ??

QUANTITIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE IN OKHAHLAMBA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY (TONS PER ANNUM)

Author: SG SITHOLE 8

4.SUMMARY OF KEY STATISTICSName of the Municipality

Extent Population Size

Population density per Km2

Number of households

Average household size

Weekly refuse removal By the Municipality/Private Company

Own Waste Disposal Facility

Waste generated/Month /annum

KZN232: Emnambithi/Ladysmith

2, 965km²

237 437 80 persons/km2

53 058 4 58.1% Yes ??

KZN233: Indaka

992km² 103 116 104 persons/km2

20 035 5.1 13.4% Unknown ??

KZN234: Umtshezi

1, 972km² 83 153 42 persons/km2

19 252 4.2 50.3% Unknown ??

KZN235: Okhahlamba

3, 971km² 132 068 33 persons/km2

27 576 4.6 9.2% Yes ??

KZN236: Imbabazane

1, 426km² 113 073 79 persons/km2

22 365 5 0.9% Yes ??

1. Source StatsSA- http://beta2.statssa.gov.za/ - Census 20132. Demarcation Board

Author: SG SITHOLE 9

5. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR SPATIAL PLANNING CONCERNING WASTE

To provide vision and consistent direction, as well as a strategic assessment not only of what is desirable, but what is possible in the context of the physical environment

The Framework- Collect data (spatial and non-spatial data)

- Integration of data (spatial and attribute data)into a specific layer/s

- Build municipal GIS model ( e.g. “Waste-Spatial Database” -WSDB)- to form an integrated waste stats and geographic information system

- End product - Interactive GIS consisting information about waste producers, the

amounts and types of waste, collection points, transportation routes- Integrated waste and geographic information management system

Author: SG SITHOLE 10

6. INTENDED OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOME OF THE DATA MAPPING EXERCISE

What we intend to do with GIS in collaboration with waste statistics

Use GIS to store and present data concerning waste producers, waste types and quantities of waste generated

Develop interactive maps that indicate: The distribution of existing waste facilities such as landfill sites, recycling

centres/waste transfer stations with descriptive attributes information for each municipal entity

Existing status of waste practices in each management area of the municipality i.e. waste practices per ward.

Waste services pattern i.e. collection routes, collection points and disposal points

These will assist in identifying key areas for the implementation of waste management strategies (e.g. new waste disposal areas, recycling centres, etc).

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Scenario 1: Ward-Based Waste Information System

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Scenario 2: Entity Specific Waste Information System i.e. disposal sites, waste transfer station and re-cycling centres

7.OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Challenges: Lack of readily available data due to data collection problems, e.g.

sites not having formal means for data collection (such as weighbridges). Therefore the majority of spatial data has missing attribute information.

Inability of institutions that are in custodianship of the appropriate waste information data or systems to facilitate the planning process – waste information system should reflect detailed information about waste stats within no gaps

Incongruence with aligning data collection and sectoral terminology e.g. data collection on waste should align to the various definitions of waste in the Waste Act such as the type of waste generated within the municipality (no mention of e-waste)

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7.OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Challenges:

Limited capacity and utilisation of GIS to provide solutions and accelerate service delivery; as such GIS still remain an underutilized tool in development planning

GIS is merely a tool that can only be used optimally when the integrity of the data and information collection process is not compromised.

Opportunities

Presentation of information spatially presents an opportunity to realise what is available, exactly where in the unit of area (i.e. ward level) to in facilitate informed and appropriate decisions

8.CLOSING STATEMENT

Waste information should not be considered in isolation from other social census as it has a direct relationship with the development planning policies i.e. IDPs that make use of social census for decision making

All users must endeavor to utilise the available technologies such as GIS for problem solving and to enhance service delivery

Technologies such as Google Earth and other open source (free) technology makes information sharing more accessible so the challenge for professionals is to now make it easier for the public to utilise

Our IWMP mapping process intends to utilise “crowd-mapping” to gather primary data and allow anyone with access to a smart-phone to be able to input data into “live” map making process – this will be a precursor to the Waste Information System already in place nationally, but which is not being implemented suitablyAuthor: SG SITHOLE 16