APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGY
VOLUME 33 * NUMBER 6 * JUNE 1977
EDITORIAL BOARDMARVIN P. BRYANT, Editor-in-Chief (1981)
University of Illinois, UrbanaR. H. DEIBEL, Editor (1981) MARTIN S. FAVERO, Editor (1980)University of Wisconsin, Madison Center for Disease Control, Phoenix, Ariz.
JAMES M. TIEDJE, Editor (1979)A. L. DEMAIN, Editor (1981) Michigan State University,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge East Lansing
Bernard J. Abbott (1977)Martin Alexander (1977)Milton J. Allison (1977)Richard Bartha (1979)Robert T. Belly (1978)Martha D. Berliner (1977)Jerome Birnbaum (1979)Thomas L. Bott (1977)Charles Boylen (1979)Lee A. Bufla, Jr. (1977)Lloyd B. Bullerman (1977)Victor Cabelli (1979)WUiam R. Chesbro (1979)Tom D. Y. Chin (1977)Alex Ciegler (1977)Rita R. Colwefl (1977)Richard A. Consigli (1979)Charles Cooney (1979)Joseph J. Cooney (1977)Jacob A. Donkerdoot (1979)Charles L. Duncan (1979)Richard Elander (1979)Beatrice England (1977)Jerald C. Ensign (1977)James J. Ferris (1977)Carl B. Fliermans (1978)
Heinz G. Floss (1977)Dennis Focht (1979)Edwin E. Geldreich (1979)Charles T. Godbue (1977)John M. Goepfert (1979)Richard E. Goldstrand (1979)Robert D. Hamilton (1979)Richard S. Hanson (1978)Paul A. Hartman (1977)Melvin T. Hatch (1978)Charles Hendricks (1977)Clifford W. Hesseltne (1977)Lillian V. Holdeman (1979)David H. Hubbell (1978)John J. landolo (1977)M. B. Ingle (1979)Holger W. Jannasch (1978)Donald E. Jenen (1977)Edward Katz (1979)Donald A. Klein (1978)Michael J. Klug (1977)Roger Knowles (1979)Barbara D. Lago (1977)Paul Lemke (1979)John Liston (1977)
Robert Mah (1977)Joseph L. Melnick (1977)Thomas L. Miler (1979)Eldor A. Paul (1977)W. J. Payne (1979)Antonio H. Romano (1977)E. L. Schmidt (1977)Oldrich K. Sebek (1977)John McN. Sieburth (1978)Anthony J. Sinskey (1979)Peter Safliy (1978)WiUliam H. Sperber (1977)James T. Staley (1977)Mortimer P. Starr (1978)Guenther Stotzky (1977)Jon H. Tultle (1977)Carl Vanderzant (1979)Donald Vesley (1978)Claude Vezina (1979)D. I. C. Wang (1978)Fred D. Williams (1977)R.Pr.Williams (1978)G. N. Wogan (1977)Alan G. Wolin (1977)William Yotis (1979)
Robert A. Day, Managing EditorGisela Pollock, Assistant Managing Editor
Cheryl Cross, Production Editor1913 I St., N. W., Washington, D.C. 20006
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J. Mehsen Joseph, Secretary
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Author IndexAtlas, R. M., 1252
Bagadi, H. O., 1287
Cavari, B. Z., 1237Clausen, Elizabeth M.,
1259Crawford, Don L., 1247Crawford, Ronald L., 1247
Dehority, B. A., 1278
Gatenbeck, Sten, 1275Gill, C. O., 1284
Gilliland, S. E., 1289Green, Barbara L., 1259
Hang, Y. D., 1293Heritage, A. D., 1295Hokby, Elvy, 1275Horowitz, A., 1252Hult, Karl, 1275Hungate, R. E., 1270
Litsky, Warren, 1259
McMeekin, T. A., 1244MacRae, I. C., 1295
Ohwaki, Kyoko, 1270
Penney, N., 1284Phelps, G., 1237Pometto, Anthony L., III,
1247
Speck, M. L., 1289
Tsuji, Kiyoshi, 1265
Wachtel, Ruth E., 1265Woodams, E. E., 1293
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AUTHOR INDEX
VOLUME 33
Abbott, Bernard J., 1134Abshire, Robert L., 1149Abu-Bakar, A., 217Acher, A. J., 1019Ahearn, D. G., 738Albrecht, Stephan L., 85Albright, L. J., 817Alexander, M., 31, 101, 670, 784,
1037Almengor, Leticia, 6Aly, Raza, 97Andrews, W. H., 65Anthony, R. G., 563Apel, William A., 459Archer, Robert A., 1134Arcuri, Edward J., 282Ashley, Carol S., 860Atlas, R. M., 1252Atlas, Ronald M., 647
Babich, H., 681, 696, 1059Bacon, Charles W., 445Bagadi, H. O., 1287Bagley, S. T., 893Bagley, Susan T., 1141Baldini, M. M., 829Balish, Edward, 525Barkley, M. B., 971Barnes, W. R., 257Barrett, R. A., 670Bartlett, Karen H., 1026Bell, J. B., 538Benemann, John R., 123Bergen, W. G., 901Bergstrom, S. L., 379Betian, H. G., 1009Betlach, Michael R., 926Beuchat, L. R., 1079Billault, A., 989Bishop, Paul E., 1007Bissonnette, G. K., 590Blake, I. G., 79Blanchfield, B. J., 249Bloomfield, J. A., 1047Bochner, Barry R., 434Boethling, R. S., 728Bok, S. H., 1085Bollag, Jean-Marc, 906Bourquin, A. W., 356Bowden, William B., 1229Bowman, P. I., 738Brady, J., 203Brandon, J. R., 1011Bressani, Ricardo, 6Brewer, Dennis G., 1112Breznak, John A., 392, 406Brill, Winston J., 132, 1007Brock, Thomas D., 254
Brockett, R. M., 203Brown, David F., 10Brown, James F., 525Brown, R. G., 718Brown, W. V., 38Bryant, M. P., 298, 1009, 1097,
1162Bubucis, Patricia M., 370Buck, John D., 370Buford, Linda E., 74Bulla, Lee A., Jr., 878Burge, W. D., 1011Burris, R. H., 85
Cadmus, Martin, 840Calder, John A., 1092Campbell, J. E., 52Campbell, L. Leon, 1162Carman, G. M., 192Carroad, Paul A., 836, 871Casida, L. E., Jr., 1085Cavari, B. Z., 1237Chen, Bill J., 269Cheng, K.-J., 718Chu, F. S., 814, 1125Chung, K.-T., 1016Chung, King-Thom, 654Ciegler, A., 1004Clausen, Elizabeth M., 1259Clesceri, L. S., 1047Cole, Michael A., 262Collins, E. B., 38Colwell, R. R., 829Combs, Theodore J., 370Connors, W. J., 43Considine, P. J., 977Costerton, J. W., 718Crabill, M. R., 1162Crawford, Don L., 1247Crawford, R. G., 52Crawford, Ronald L., 1247Cronk, T. C., 1067Crow, S. A., 738Cushman, M., 996
Daley, R. J., 1225Day, J. L., 203Dazzo, Frank B., 132Deal, S. J., 213Dean-Raymond, Deborah, 1037Dedonder, R. A., 989De Flora, Silvio, 805Dehority, B. A., 1030, 1278Dehority, Burk A., 998De Jonckheere, Johan, 751de la Fuente, Gabriel, 6Demain, A. L., 996Desjardins, P. R., 971
i
Dietz, A. S., 817Di Girolamo, Rudolph, 19DiLello, Deborah, 1129Dondero, N. C., 791Doran, J. W., 31Dorn, G. L., 257Dreifuss, Peter A., 351Drucker, D. B., 221Dugan, Patrick R., 459, 713Duncan, W. Christopher, 603Dutka, B. J., 240Dyer, John K., 69
Ehrlich, Henry L., 282Emswiler, B. S., 735Enkiri, N. K., 1011Eppley, Robert M., 351Erdman, M. D., 901Esch, G. W., 114Eschar, L., 489Eveleigh, Douglas E., 178
Failla, Mark L., 1042Fare, L. R., 1013Farrah, Samuel R., 308, 1192Ferguson, J. K., 203Fields, N. D., 379, 865Finstein, M. S., 345Fisher, D. A., 1170Flickinger, M. C., 706Fliermans, C. B., 114, 207Flores, Antonio, 6Flowers, Russell S., 1112, 1215Floyd, Roger, 159Flynn, N., 977Fogarty, William M., 59Forsberg, C. W., 528Franklin, Mervyn, 982Fukuda, David, 1134Fukui, G. M., 791Fulghum, Robert S., 122Fulk, G. E., 1016Fulk, George E., 654
Gaffar, S. A., 508Galask, R. P., 470, 556Gallagher, R. T., 730Gamble, Thomas N. 926Gatenbeck, Sten, 1275Gaucher, G. Maurice, 147Gerba, Charles P., 308, 1192Giesy, John P., Jr., 89Gill, C. O., 1284Gill, Colin O., 231Gilliland, S. E., 15, 1289Glantz, P. J., 563Goldberg, I., 489Gollakota, K. G., 1105
ii AUTHOR INDEX
Gorbach, S. L., 1002Gorden, R. W., 114, 207Gottschalk, G., 955Goyal, Sagar M., 308, 1192Grant, Michael A., 1222Grauman, G. S., 585Gray, Rodney J. H., 1074Green, Barbara L., 1259Green, John H., 323Griffin, Lynn F., 1092Grubb, Jean A., 998, 1030
Hackett, W. F., 43Hackler, L. R., 1067Haggstrom, Lena, 567Hall, Michael J., 231, 577Hang, Y. D., 1293Hankin, Lester, 522Hansen, Lydel B., 480Hanson, Roger B., 596, 846Harmon, L. G., 341Harmon, Stanley M., 762Harrison, J. C. L., 199Hart, A., 1209Hartman, Paul A., 74, 630Harwig, J., 249Hazen, T. C., 114Heimsch, R. C., 947Heinis, J. H., 1079Hemelt, D. M., 1Heritage, A. D., 1295Herman, Alberta, 840Hill, W. M., 585Hippe, H., 955Hirt, William, 269Hobbie, J. E., 1225Hokby, Elvy, 1275Holdeman, L. V., 1009, 1097Holder-Franklin, Maxine, 982Holt, John G., 1222Horowitz, A., 1252Horowitz, Amikam, 647Hou, C. T., 725Hribar, Jeremy, 26Huggins, Alan R., 184Hult, Karl, 1275Hungate, R. E., 1270Hutner, S. H., 1129
Ingram, L. O., 1233Isaacson, H. R., 298Ishikawa, Tomoaki, 975Iverson, W. G., 810
Jackson, Linda K., 1004James, Ann N., 328Jannasch, H. W., 642Jasper, S., 1225Jezeski, J. J., 590Jiu, James, 26Jones, J. K. N., 732Jones, W. K., 1079Joshi, J. G., 915Juven, B. J., 1019
Kaneko, Tatsuo, 982
Kaper, J. B., 829Kapur, Ramesh, 551Kautter, Donald A., 762Kaylor, John D., 323Keller, Dolores E., 1129Kelsey, M. I., 1016Kempner, E. S., 874Kennedy, B. P. C., 249Kenner, Charles T., 480Khare, Mohan, 791Kidby, Denis, 840King, A. D., Jr., 1184King, John D., 777, 1177Kirk, T. K., 43Kite, Patricia E., 1209Klevickis, S. C., 312Knight, Ernest, Jr., 666Knox, J. M., 603Kobayashi, Takeshi, 137Kobbe, B., 211, 996Kondo, Isamu, 975Kotula, A. W., 735Koukol, R. C., 379Kozlowski, R., 563Kramer, Karl J., 878Kramer, Theodore T., 967Krysinski, E. P., 947Kubo, Shuichiro, 400Kuhnley, Lyle, 480Kunst, F., 989Kusuhara, Nobumi, 771Kwan, K. K., 240
Lam, K., 528Larkin, Edward P., 109Larocca, David, 660Larsen, Bryan, 470, 556Latch, G. C. M., 730Latorre, Carmen R., 1204Lawrence, J. V., 482Lazarus, C. R., 217Lee, I. C., 341Lee, J. S., 853Lee, W. H., 215Lepesant, J-A., 989Lepesant-Kejzlarova, J., 989Lesher, R. J., 213Levin, R. E., 192, 1156Lillard, M. 0., 725Lim, Daniel V., 328Lim, Henry C., 269Linehan, B. A., 1009Lior, H., 1026Liston, John, 19Litsky, Warren, 1259Littell, Allan M., 485London, Sheldon A., 994Loos, M. A., 246Loudis, Marianna C., 1129Louw, H. A., 246Luk, K. C., 211Lyons, Thomas B., III, 551
McBride, Mollie E., 603McCall, W. A., 585
McFeters, G. A., 590McIntyre, John L., 522Mackay, Shirley J., 227McMeekin, T. A., 1244MacRae, I. C., 1295Maddox, I. S., 201Maibach, Howard I., 97Maier, S., 482Mares, B. A., 1Markovetz, A. J., 470, 556Marquis, Robert E., 885Martin, Scott E., 1112, 1215Matches, J., 19Matsumura, Philip, 885Mattick, L. R., 1067Mayhew, J. W., 1002Mehta, R. J., 1013Meisel, R., 246Melnick, Joseph L., 308, 1192Messer, S. L., 963Michalowski, T., 802Millis, N. F., 870Mink, Ronald W., 713Mirocha, C. J., 546Mizuba, Seth, 26Moberg, L. J., 963Molina, Mario R., 6Montenecourt, Bland S., 178Moore, W. E. C., 1097Morgan, Louise L., 918Morita, Richard Y., 635Morrow, Jan E., 893Muirhead, P. A., 79Munnecke, Douglas M., 503
Nakahara, Hideomi, 975Nash, C. H., 1013Nelson, D. R., 312Newman, Judith S., 334Newton, K. G., 199Nicholas, D. J. Donald, 477Nip, W. K., 814Norman, Lois G., 1204Novitsky, James A., 635Novitsky, Thomas J., 940
Oblinger, J. L., 217O'Brien, R. T., 334O'Dea, Kathleen, 254Odeyemi, Olu, 784Ohashi, Hiroshi, 137Ohmiya, Kunio, 137Ohwaki, Kyoko, 1270Okada, Hirosuke, 771Okon, Yaacov, 85Ondrako, Joanne Pierce, 918Ordal, Z. John, 1074, 1112, 1215Orth, D. S., 824, 986Oxborrow, G. S., 379, 865
Paine, Donald, 89Paliwal, D. K., 219Palmer, J. K., 1118Pandey, N. K., 1105Pankratz, H. Stuart, 406
APPL. ENVIRON. MCROBIOL.
AUTHOR INDEX iii
Papa, K. E., 206Parekh, Vasu R., 881Park, R. A., 1047Patching, J. W., 977Patel, R., 725Peeler, J. T., 52Penney, N., 1284Perlman, D., 706Petrilli, Fernando L., 805Pfeifer, D. K., 853Pfennig, Norbert, 427Pflug, I. J., 1170Phelps, G., 1237Pickett, Mary S., 74Pierson, C. J., 735Pober, Zalmon, 620Poelma, P. L., 65Pohland, Albert E., 351Pometto, Anthony L., III, 1247Porter, James K., 445Potrikus, C. J., 392Puleo, J. R., 379, 865
Quinby, Helen L., 940
Rabie, C. J., 1023Randhawa, H. S., 219Ratledge, Colin, 231, 577Reddy, C. A., 1162Reddy, C. Adinarayana, 901Restaino, L., 585Reyes, A. L., 52Richert, S. H., 201Rivet, P. G., 1Roach, Sally, 1197Robbins, Joe D., 445Romero, A., 65Rowe R., 675
Salanitro, J. P., 79Salyers, A. A., 319, 118Sandine, William E., 184Sanford, Paul, 840Sarai, Yasunaga, 975Sato, Kazuyoshi, 515Savage, Dwayne C., 1197Savageau, Michael A., 434Sayler, G. S., 829Schade, J. E., 1184Schaub, Stephen A., 609Schesser, John H., 878Schnarr, G. Wayne, 732Schwert, David P., 918Scott, P. M., 249Seidler, Ramon J., 893, 1141Seijffers, Julie, 1207Sekiguchi, Junichi, 147Sexton, S., 1016
Shapiro, Anna, 1129Sharp, D. G., 159, 168Shearer, M. E., 1013Shehata, T. E., 874Shethna, Y. I., 508Shimizu, Shoichi, 137, 515Silverman, Gerald J., 620Silverman, Sidney J., 654Sjoblad, Roy D., 906Slyter, L. L., 363Smith, K. M., 199Smith, R. E., 980Sobek, J. M., 881Sorber, Charles A., 609Spaulding, Procter L., 10Speck, M. L., 15, 1289Stabekis, P. D., 379Stack, Michael E., 351Stagg, Charles H., 385Steinkraus, K. H., 1067Steinmetz, M., 989Stevens, R. A., 1156Stevenson, K. E., 341Stewart, Colin S., 497Steyn, M., 1023Stotzky, G., 681, 696, 1059Stuart, D. G., 590Subba-Rao, R. V., 101Sudo, Sara Z., 450Sugiyama, H., 963Suler, D. J., 345Sullivan, Robert, 109Sulzer, Alexander J., 1204Supiano, Mark A., 1007Sveum, William H., 630Swenson, P. A., 915Syuto, Bunei, 400Szarek, Walter A., 732
Tannock, Gerald W., 745, 1197Tate, Robert L., III 911Taylor, Cecile W., 1177Tiedje, James M., 926Tierney, John T., 109Timoney, J. F., 791Thomas, Constance T., 791Tjepkema, John, 626Todd, R., 675Townsend, J. M., 211Traxler, R. W., 881Tribble, Jack L., 69Trust, T. J., 1026Tsao, George T., 269Tsuji, Kiyoshi, 1265Tuominen, T., 817Tuovinen, Olli H., 477Tuttle, Jon H., 459Twedt, Robert M., 10Tye, Rowena, 758
Ueda, Shunsaku, 515Ueno, I., 1125Upadhyay, J. M., 1Upton, Mary E., 59
Valois, Frederica W., 940van Berkum, Peter, 626Vanderpost, J. M., 538van Schalkwyk, G. C., 1023Van Vuuren, H. J. J., 246Varel, V. H., 298Varon, Mazal, 1207Veazey, F. J., 221Vela, G. R., 257Vercellotti, J. R., 319Vesonder, R. F., 1004Viehauser, Gunter, 740
Wachtel, Ruth E., 1265Waide, J., 675Wallis, Craig, 308, 385, 1192Walsh, J. M., 203Walther, R., 955Ward, Calvin H., 385Ward, Richard L., 860, 1218Watson, Stanley W., 940Weaver, J. M., 363Wehby, A. J., 52Weimer, P. J., 289Weinberg, E. D., 1042Weissman, Joseph C., 123West, R. L., 217West, S. E. H., 319Westergaard, Jorgen M., 967White, David C., 777, 1177White, James P., 918Wilke, Charles R., 836, 871Wilkins, T. D., 319, 1118Wilkins, Tracy D., 525Willetts, Andrew, 758Williams, Robert P., 328Wilson, C. R., 65Winfrey, M. R., 275, 312Wirsen, C. O., 642Witney, Frank R., 1042Witter, Lloyd D., 1074Wodzinski, Richard S., 660Wogan, G. N., 996Wolf, J. C., 546Wolfe, R. S., 427Wong, Jason C., 69Woodams, E. E., 1293Worthington, John M., 1220Wozny, M. A., 1097
Yamada, Yasuhiro, 771Young, D. C., 168
Zeikus, J. G., 43, 275, 289, 312
VOL. 33, 1977
SUBJECT INDEX
VOLUME 33
Acetobacter suboxydansimmobilized cells, 732
Acetylene reductionby maize and sorghum, 626
Adenosine 5'-triphosphaterumen microbiota biomass, 528
Aeromonasin a thermally altered lake, 114natural distribution, 114
Aeromonas hydrophilanaturally occurring organics, 89
Aeromonas phenologenestyrosine phenol-lyase, 192
AflatoxinA. flavus, 206
Aflatoxin B1antibody production, 1125
Algaenutritional characteristics, 6
AlginaseA. aquatilis, 1156
Alginovibrio aquatilisalginase purification, 1156
n-AlkanesPseudomonas sp., 881
24'Am uptakeA. hydrophila, 89S. obliquus, 89
AmylaseT. viridis, 59
Amylomyces rouxiitape fermentation, 1067
Anabaena cylindricahydrogen production, 123nitrogen starved, 123
Anaerobe cultureFeS as reducing agent, 254
Anaerobesin bovine rumen and human feces, 1097urease-producing, 1097
Anaerobic glove boxtransparent plastic incubator, 525
Animal cell growthglass roller bottle, 666
Antibodyaflatoxin B1, 1125
Antigenicitybdellovibrios, 967three tests, 967
Aquatic bacteriadirect-count techniques, 1229
Aquatic ecosystemsmodel for growth and decomposition, 1047
Arthrobacter sp.terpene and squalene variant oxidation, 771
AS-i cyanophagepurification method, 971
AsparaginaseA. vinelandii, 508
L-Asparaginasesynthesis by E. coli A-1, 257
L-Aspartatefermentation by B. melaninogenicus, 69
Aspergillussterigmatocystin production, 1023
Aspergillus flavusaflatoxins B1 and B2, 206cyclopiazonic acid, 211
Aspergillus nigermalformin C, 996
Assay procedureschick interferon, 740
Axenic mediumpathogenic N. fowleri isolates, 751
Azotobacter vinelandiiasparaginase, 508azotophage isolation, 1007
Bacilluspyrolysis GLC, 865
Bacillus cereus Toutgrowth inhibition by ethyl picolinate, 1105
Bacillus subtilis 168genetic mapping, 989kit of reference strains, 989
Bacillus subtilis var. nigereffect of heat and radiation, 1170thermal resistance, 52
Bacillus thuringiensisparasporal crystal, bioassay, 878toxicity to tobacco hornworm, 878
Bacterial biomassmarine environment, 940new method, 940
Bacterial growth kineticsdiphenylmethane and naphthalene-heptamethyl-nonane mixtures, 660
Bacteroidesfrom mouse cecum, 745human colon, 319in rumen, 998laminarinase activity, 1118mucin and plant polysaccharide fermentation, 319
Bacteroides, cellulolyticfrom human feces, 1009
Bacteroides melaninogenicusL-aspartate fermentation, 69
Bdellovibrio bacteriovorusosmoregulation of mutants, 1207
Bdellovibriosantigenicity, 967
Beef broth proteinthermal inactivation of SEA, 341
Beef carcassesiv
VOL. 33, 1977
microbial counts, two techniques, 217Bile acids
deconjugation, 15intestinal lactobacilli, 15
Biomass productionM. methanolica mutant, 567
Bovine rumenurease-producing anaerobes, 1097
Buffalo, waterdividing cells of protozoa, 802rumen ciliate concentrations, 802
Cadmiumeffect on fungi, 1059effect on interactions between fungi and bacteria,
1059model soil system, 1059
Cadmium, sensitivity tobacteria and fungi, 681influence of pH, 681
Cadmium, toxicityto microorganisms, 681, 696reduction by clay minerals, 696
Candida 107lipid accumulation, 231, 577
Candida albicansatypical isolates, 738
Cannabinoidsmicrobiological transformation, 1134A6a. lOa-THC, 1134
Capsule method, timed releasesalmonellae detection, 630
Carboxypeptidase Aanalysis of ochratoxin B, 1275
Catalaseenumeration of stressed S. aureus, 1112
CatecholaseP. versicolor, 836
Catechol 1,2-dioxygenasecleavage of 3-methylcatechol, 725
Cation-supplemented mediaheat-injured V. parahaemolyticus, growth, 1079
Cattle wastemethane production, 298
Cavia porcelluscellulolytic cocci, 1278
Cl compoundsfungal growth, 758T. lignorum, 758
Cecum, mouseBacteroides isolates, 745
Cellobiose fermentationC. thermocellum, 289C. thermocellumIM. thermoautotrophicum cocul-
tures, 289Cellulase production
rapid tube test, 980T. viride, 178
Cellulolysisrumen, 497
Cellulolytic cocciguinea pig cecum, 1278
Cellulose fermentationC. thermocellum, 289
SUBJECT INDEX v
C. thermocellum/M. thermoautotrophicum cocul-tures, 289
Cellulose-hydrolyzing bacteriahuman feces, 1009
Chicken leg musclespoilage, 1244
Chick interferonlarge-scale assay procedure, 740
Chill-stored flesh foodsspoilage, 1244
Chloramine-Tiodination of staphylococcal enterotoxin B, 824
Chlorineclay-associated phage MS-2, inactivation, 385
Chlorobiumspirillum 5175 syntrophism, 427
Chromium, hexavalentS. typhimurium, 805toxicity, mutagenicity, 805
CitrateC. sphenoides isolation, 955
CitrininP. expansum, 1004
Clay mineralsprotection from Cd toxicity, 696
Clostridiacatalase-treated plating media, 762hydrogen utilization, 1270in sewage sludge, 1270
Clostridium botulinumcrystallization of toxic complexes, 963type C toxin, molecular size, 400
Clostridium chauvoeispore production and counting, 1287
Clostridium perfringenscomparison of media for recovery, 986detection methods, 735in ground beef, 735
Clostridium sphenoideshexachlorocyclohexane degradation, 1295use of citrate for isolation, 955
Clostridium thermocellumcellobiose and cellulose fermentation, 289
Clover rootRhizobium, 132
CO2 formationsolid-waste composting, 345temperature, aeration, moisture, effects, 345
Cod fillets, irradiatedlog reduction curves, 323
Coliform detectionin water, 590recovery methods, 590
Coliformsdestruction in water and sewage water, 1019hides and meat, 199
ConidiogenesisP. urticae, 147
Continuous culturelipid production, 577oleaginous yeast, 577one and two stages, 577
Coptotermes formosanus (Shiraki)gut microbiota, 406
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Corynebacteriumselenium microbial transformations, 31
Coxsackievirusinactivation in surface water, 334
CrystallizationC. botulinum type A toxin, 963improved method, 963
Cyclopiazonic acidA. flavus Link, 211
Cysts of amoebaemicrobial decomposition, 670
Cytoplasmic reserve glucanR. albus, 718
DDT analoguesproducts formed by P. putida, 101
Deep-sea bacteriaheavy metal cations, 282
Deep-sea populations, microbialretrieval, 642
Defined mediagrowth of pink tetracocci, 1129
Denitrifiersdominance, 926in soil, 926
Desulfovibriogrowth in low-sulfate lactate or ethanol medium,
1162Diet
fecal flora, rats, 654Dihydroxyacetoneconversion from glycerol by G. melanogenus, 706
Diluent compositionP. fluorescens cells, 1074
Diphenylmethanebacterial growth rate, 660
Direct-count techniquesaquatic bacteria, 1229comparison, 1229
Drinking waterKlebsielleae, 893redwood storage tanks, 893
D streptococcus-enterococcus brothgroup D streptococci in sewage, 1149
Enterobacter agglomeransfrom guts of wood-eating termites, 392
Enterobacteriaceaerecovery on Salmonella plating media, 585
Enterovirusesconcentration from tap water, 308estuarine water, 1192pleated filters, 308
Enzyme IH. glebae, 1
Enzyme-labeled antibody techniqueSalmonella detection, 947
Enzyme synthesislead inhibition, 262in soil, 262
Escherichia coliL-asparaginase synthesis, 257grown with organic solvents and food additives,
1233
lipid composition, changes, 1233system for UV irradiation, 915wild cottontail rabbits, 563
Estuarine detrital microflorastructure and activity, 1177
Estuarine samplesSalmonella isolation, 829
Estuarine waterenterovirus concentration, 1192
Estrous cycle, ratsvaginal microflora changes, 556
Ethylene productionsoil microorganisms, 977
Ethyl picolinateoutgrowth inhibition in B. cereus T, 1105
Euglena graciliscell volume, 874growth, 874
Fatty acid analysisgas-liquid chromatography column, 480
Fatty acid fingerprintsS. mutans, 221
Fecal bacteriafrom adult swine, 79media for enumeration, 79
Fecal coliformsK. pneumoniae, 1141
Fecal flora, ratsdietary effects, 654
Ferrous sulfide, amorphousreducing agent for anaerobes, 254
Filtered wheymedium for gibberellic acid production, 201
Filters, pleatedregeneration, 308
Freezinglactic acid bacteria, stability, 489
Freshwater ecosystemgasoline spillage, 1252
Frog legsisolation of Salmonella, 65
Frogs, pet aquariumsalmonella source, 1026
FumigantsMeBr, 1184
Fungieffect of Cd, 1059transformation of oxazepenes, 26
FungicidesRhizobium resistance, 784
Gas-liquid chromatographyfatty acid analysis, 480
Gasoline spillageArctic freshwater ecosystem, 1252response of microorganisms, 1252
Genetic mappingB. subtilis 168, 989kit of reference strains, construction, 989
Gibberella zeaemedia for isolation, 445sexual reproduction, control, 546
Gibberellic acidproduction using dairy waste, 201
vi SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX vii
f3-Glucanasein Bacteroides, 1118
Gluconobacter melanogenusconversion of glycerol to DHA, 706
Glucoseenzymatic assay, 1237natural waters, 1237
Glucose-i-phosphateBacteroides in the rumen, 998
Glucose utilizationlactic streptococci, 38
Glucosidaseinduction in P. maltophilia, 728
Glycerolconversion to DHA by G. melanogenus, 706
Goatsrumen bacteria, 1030
Ground beefC. perfringens, 735
Growth and decompositionmodel of aquatic ecosystems, 1047
Guinea pig cecumcellulolytic cocci, 1278
Gut microbiotawood-eating termites, 406
Hartmannella glebaebacteriolytic enzyme I, 1
Heat resistanceB. subtilis var. niger, 52
Heavy metalsdeep-sea isolates, growth, 282hydrostatic pressure, 282
Heterotrophic activityaquatic systems, 817model for determination, 817
Hexachlorocylohexanesdegradation by C. sphenoides, 1295
Histosolsnitrification, 911
Human-associated yeastbivalve shellfish, 370
Human skinenvironment and microbial ecology, 603
H2-utilizing methanogenic bacteriagrowth of Desulfovibrio, 1162
Hydrogen metabolismmethanogenesis in lake sediment, 312
Hydrogen productionnitrogen-starved A. cylindrica, 123
Hydrostatic pressuredeep-sea bacterial growth, 282growth energetics, 885
Hydroxyapatite-coated glass beadsculture of mixed oral flora, 450
Immobilized cellslactose hydrolysis, 137
Incubatoranaerobic glove box, 525
Indicator plate, generalized, 434Indonesian tape ketan fermentation, 1067Intertrigenous microflora
skin, 97
Ionic bondingviral uptake by shellfish, 19
Kestose productionP. parasitica var. nicotianae, 522
Klebsiellaefecal coliform positive, 1141in drinking water, 893MF and MPN tests, 1141
Lactic acid bacteriafatty acid composition, 489stability to freezing, 489
Lactic streptococciend products, 38glucose utilization, 38temperate phages, 184
LactobacilliMinitek system, 1289single-cell protein, 901stomachs of mice, 1197
Lactobacilli, intestinalbile acids, 15
Lactosehydrolysis by immobilized cells, 137
LaminarinaseBacteroides from human colon, 1118
Leadenzyme synthesis inhibition, 262
LigninBiodegradation in nature, 43
[14C]ligninlignin biodegradation in nature, 43
Lignocellulosedecomposition by soil microflora, 1247labeled with 14C-lignin and 14C-cellulose, 1247
Limax amoebaepublic swimming pools, 551
Lipid compositionE. coli, 1233estuarine detrital microflora, 1177
Lipid productionCandida 107, 231, 577continuous culture, 231, 577
Liquid mediabacterial contamination in breweries, 246
Lysis, low temperatureS. aureus, 1215
Lysogenylactic streptococci, 184
Macromolecular synthesisN. gonorrhoeae, 328
Maintenance procedureX. campestris, 840
Maizeacetylene reduction, 626
Malathion degradationsalt-marsh microorganisms, 356
Malformin CA. niger toxic metabolite, 996
Mannitol oxidationMicromonospora, 1013
Marine environment
VOL. 33, 1977
viii SUBJECT INDEX
bacterial biomass, indirect method, 940Marine vibrio
survival under nutrient starvation, 635Meat
bacterial penetration, 1284coliform tests, 199
Meat-packing plant wastesSalmonella isolation, 538
Medium compositionE. gracilis growth and cell volume, 874
Membrane diffusion chambersdeep-water studies, 207
Membrane filter chamber techniquerecovery methods for coliform detection, 590
Membrane filtration, single-stepP. aeruginosa in water, 240
Metabolismestuarine detrital microflora, 1177quaternary ammonium compounds, 1030
Metabolism, secondaryphosphate inhibition, 1042S. marcescens, 1042
Methane formationDesulfovibrio growth in low-sulfate media, 1162
Methane production, thermophilicfrom cattle waste, 298
Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicumcellobiose and cellulose fermentation, 289
Methanogenesishydrogen metabolism, 312lake sediment, 312
Methanogenesis, sedimentcarbon and electron flow, 275sulfate effect, 275
Methanogenic bacteriaidentification by fluorescence microscopy, 713
Methyl bromidemicrobicidal fumigant, 1184
3-Methylcatecholcleavage by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, 725
Methylomonad, newgrowth characteristics, 269
Methylomonas methanolicabiomass production, 567characterization of a mutant, 567
Micelactobacilli from stomachs, 1197
Microbial biomassmuramic acid, 777
Microbial contaminationViking spacecraft, 379
Microbial count techniques, 217Microbial degradation
cyst resistance, 670Microbial destructionheat and radiation, 1170
Microbial growth factor, new, 1085requirement for soil bacteria, 1085
Microbial log reduction curvesirradiated shrimp, cod fillets, and their homoge-
nates, 323Microcystis sp.
nutritional characteristics, 6Micromonospora
mannitol oxidation, 1013
MicrotechniqueMPN analysis, 675
Minitek systemlactobacilli, 1289
Most-probable-number methodmicrotechnique, 675S. lipoferum, 85
Mucin fermentationBacteroides, 319
Multiple syringe inoculator, 982Muramic acid
as a measure of microbial biomass, 777Mycotoxins, tremorgenicP. piscarium Westling, 730
Naegleria fowleriaxenic medium for differentiation of pathogen-
esis, 751Natural waters
glucose determination, 1237heterotrophic activity, 817
Neisseria gonorrhoeaemacromolecular synthesis, 328radiolabeling, 328
NitrificationHistosols, 911role of heterotrophs, 911
Nitrification, in situdissolved oxygen, effect, 918in a heated stream, 918
Nitrogen fixationin a salt marsh, 596, 846S. alterniflora, 596, 846sewage sludge-amended salt marsh, 846
NovobiocinEnterobacteriaceae recovery, 585Salmonella plating media, 585
Nuclepore filtersdirect counting of bacteria, 1225
Nutrient starvationmarine vibrio survival, 635
Ochratoxin Banalysis with ochratoxin A, 1275
Oil degradationArctic Ocean, 647continuous open flow-through system, 647
Oilscrude, refined, weathered, 1092toxic effect on marine bacterium, 1092
Optical density readingscorrection for error, 482
Oral floraculture on hydroxyapatite-coated glass beads, 450
Organic acidsleakage of cellular material from T. ferrooxidans,
460OsmoregulationB. bacteriovorus symbiosis-independent mutants,
1207Oxazepines
transformation by fungi, 26Oxidative coupling
pesticide intermediates, 906
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
VOL. 33, 1977
Pandalus jordanimicrobial quality, 853
PatulinP. expansum, 1004
[14C]patulinP. patulum, 814
Penicillium cyclopiumethylene production, 977
Penicillium expansumpatulin and citrinin, 1004
Penicillium patulum[14C]patulin production, 814
Penicillium piscariumverruculogen and fumitremorgin B production,
730Penicillium roqueforti
metabolite production, 249roquefortine, 249
Penicillium urticaeconidiogenesis, 147secondary metabolism, 147
Penicillium viridicatummetabolites, 351
Pesticide-hydrolyzing enzymeimmobilization onto glass, 503properties, 503
Pesticide intermediatesoxidative coupling, 906
Phage MS-2, clay-associatedinactivation by chlorine, 385
pH influencetoxicity of Cd to microorganisms, 681
Photooxidationcoliform destruction, 1019
Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianaekestose (fructosylsucrose) production, 522
Pink tetracocci, radio-resistantdefined media for improved growth, 1129
Pipette tips, disposableautoclavable dispenser, 994
Plant polysaccharide fermentationBacteroides, 319
Plating media, catalase-treatedclostridia recovery, 762
Pleurotus ostreatusgrowth kinetics, 871
Pneumocystis cariniipropagation in three cell lines, 1204
Poliovirusdilution in water, 159, 168inactivation in sludge, 1218inactivation in surface water, 334radiation, 1218survival of aggregates, 168
Poliovirus 1sewage sludge and effluent, 109
Polyporus versicolorcatecholase production, 836cell growth, 836growth kinetics, 871
Polythionatesbacterial oxidation, 477
Prereduced, anaerobically sterilized mediabutyl rubber stoppers, 1220shelf life increase, 1220
SUBJECT INDEX ix
Protaminobacter rubervitamin B12, 515
ProteaseT. viridis, 59
Pseudomonadscomparison of agars for isolation, 1209
Pseudomonasisolation from natural habitats, 1222medium for isolation, 1222
Pseudomonas aeruginosain water, 240metal and drug resistance, 975
Pseudomonas fluorescensdiluent sensitivity, 1074
Pseudomonas maltophiliainduction of glucosidases, 728
Pseudomonas putidaDDT analogues, 101
Pseudomonas sp.n-alkane oxidation enzymes, 881
Pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatographyBacillus, 865pyrochromatogram reproducibility, 865
Quaternary ammonium compoundsbacterial metabolism, 1037
Rabbit ileumV. parahaemolyticus enteropathogenicity, 10
Rabbits, white cottontailE. coli, 563
Radioimmunoassaystaphylococcal enterotoxin B in foods, 620
RadiolabelingN. gonorrhoeae, 328
Rapid infiltrationbacteria removal from wastewater, 609
Reovirusdilution in water, 159
Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)gut microbiota, 406
Rhizobiumclover and alfalfa roots, 132receptor site, 132resistance to fungicides, 784
Rhizotonia practicolaphenol oxidase, 906
Roller bottle, glass, multisurfaceanimal cell growth, 666
RoquefortineP. roqueforti, 249
Rothia dentocariosachemically defined medium, 213
RubrosulphinP. viridicatum, 351
Rumen ciliatesin water buffalo, 802
Rumen contentscellulolytic activity, 497
Rumen, goatpredominant bacteria, 1030
Rumen microbiota biomassATP as indicator, 528
Ruminococcus albuscytoplasmic reserve glucan, 718
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Ruminococcus flavefaciensgrowth requirements, 363tetrahydrofolate, 363
Salmonellaenzyme-labeled antibodies for detection, 947isolation from frog legs, 65isolation from meat-packing plant wastes, 538isolation methods, 65pet aquarium frogs, 1026surface waters, New York State, 791
Salmonella arizonaeplating medium, differential, 485
Salmonellaecapsule method for detection, 630
Salmonella enteritidis ser. montevideoinactivation by ionizing radiation, 1011sewage sludge, 1011
Salmonella plating medianovobiocin concentration, 585
Salmonella spp.ambient temperature enrichment procedure, 829estuarine samples, 829
Salmonella typhimuriumhexavalent chromium, 805
Salt marshN2 fixation, 846
Salt-marsh microorganismsmalathion degradation, 356
Sampling devicemicrobial deep-sea populations, 642
Scanning electron microscopyvaginal colonization, 470
Scenedesmus obliquusnaturally occurring organics, 89
Selective agarscomparison, for pseudomonad isolation, 1209
Seleniummicrobial transformations, 31
Serratia marcescensphosphate inhibition of secondary metabolism,
1042Serratia marinorubra
effect of crude, refined, and weathered oils, 1092Sewage sludge
clostridia, 1270poliovirus 1, 109S. enteritidis serotype montevideo, inactivation,
1011Sexual reproductionG. zeae, 546
Sheep rumenS. bovis phage sensitivity, 810
Shellfish, bivalvehuman-associated yeast, 370
Shellfish mucusionic bonding, 19virus contamination, 19
Shrimp, irradiatedlog reduction curves, 323
Shrimp, Pacificmicrobial quality, 853
Single-cell proteinamino acid profile, 901lactobacilli, 901
new methylomonad, 269nutritional assessment, 901
Skinaerobic microbial flora, 97
Slide staining deviceuse during space flight, 203
Soildenitrifiers, 926enzyme synthesis, 262
Soil microfloralignocellulose decomposition, 1247
Solid-waste compostingCO2 formation, 345
Sorghumacetylene reduction, 626
Spartina alterniflora, salt marsh soilsN2 fixation activity, 596
Spirillum 5175sulfur reduction, 427syntrophism with Chlorobium, 427
Spirillum lipoferummethods for growing and counting, 85
SporesC. chauvoei, 1287
Squalene variantsoxidation by Arthrobacter sp., 771
Staphylococcal enterotoxin Biodination by using chloramine-T, 824modified radioimmunoassay, 620thermal inactivation, 341
Staphylococcus aureuscatalase and enumeration, 1112low-temperature lysis, 1215
Starch casein salt mediumStreptomyces enumeration, 227
SterigmatocystinAspergillus sp., 1023
Streptococci, group Dnew medium for isolation, 1149
Streptococcus bovisbacteriophage sensitivity, 810sheep rumen, 810
Streptococcus faecalislimited growth under hydrostatic pressure, 885
Streptococcus mutansfatty acid fingerprints, 221
Streptomycesenumeration, 227starch casein salt medium, 227
Sulfatesediment methanogenesis, 275
Sulfur reductionspirillum 5175, 427
Surface waterpolio- and coxsackievirus inactivation, 334Salmonella, 791
Swimming poolslimax amoeba density, 551
Tape fermentationbiochemical changes, 1067
Taurolithocholic acidrat intestinal microflora, changes, 1016
Termites, wood-eatinggut microbiota morphology, 406
x SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xi
N2-fixing E. agglomerans, 392Terpene variants
oxidation by Arthrobacter sp., 771A6a. lOa-Tetrahydrocannabinol
microbiological transformations, 1134TetrahydrofolateR. flavefaciens, 363
Tetrathionate determinationion-selective electrode, 477
Tetrazolium reductionindicator plate, 434
Thermal inactivationSEA, 341
Thermomonospora viridisthermostable amylase and protease, 59
Thiobacillus ferrooxidansleakage of cellular material, 459
Tobacco hornwormB. thuringiensis parasporal crystal, 878
Tree nutsMeBr as fumigant, 1184
Trichoderma lignorumgrowth on Cl compounds, 758
Trichoderma viridecellulase production, 178plate assay, 178
Type C toxincomposition, 400molecular size, 400
Tyrosine phenol-lyaseA. phenologenes ATCC 29063, 192
Ultraviolet irradiationcontinuous-flow system, 915
Universal beer agarbacterial contamination, 246
Urea hydrolysisby yeasts, 219detection method, 219
Ureasebovine rumen and human feces, 1097
Vaginal colonization
SEM, 470Vaginal microflora, ratschanges during the estrous cycle, 556
Vibrio parahaemolyticusenteropathogenicity, 10growth in cation-supplemented media, 1079
Viking spacecraftmicrobiological studies, 379
ViomelleinP. viridicatum, 351
ViopurpurinP. viridicatum, 351
Virucidal agentwastewater sludge, 860
Vitamin B12in P. ruber, 515
Washing machines, self-servicedisinfectants, 74sanitation, 74
Wastewatervirus and bacteria removal, 609
Wastewater sludgepoliovirus inactivation, 1219virucidal agent, 860
Water, tapenterovirus concentration, 308
XanthomegninP. viridicatum, 351
Xanthomonas campestrismaintenance on paper strips, 840
Yeastslipid production, 231urea hydrolysis, 219
Yersinia enterocoliticatwo plating media, 215
ZearalenoneFusarium sp., 445media for production, 445G. zeae sexual reproduction, 546
VOL. 33, 1977
INDEX TO DATE OF ISSUE
Month Date of Issue Pages
January 20 January 1977 1-218February 18 March 1977 219-488March 11 April 1977 489-743April 11 May 1977 745-1018May 26 May 1977 1019-1236June 22 June 1977 1237-1297
APPLIED AND
ENVIRONMENTAL
MICROBIOLOGY
VOLUME 33
WASHINGTON, D C 20006
1977
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGY
VOLUME 33 * JUNE 1977
EDITORIAL BOARDMARVIN P. BRYANT, Editor-in-Chief (1981)
University of Illinois, UrbanaR. H. DEIBEL, Editor (1981) MARTIN S. FAVERO, Editor (1980)University of Wisconsin, Madison Center for Disease Control, Phoenix, Ariz.
JAMES M. TIEDJE, Editor (1979)A. L. DEMAIN, Editor (1981) Michigan State University,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge East Lansing
Bernard J. Abbott (1977)Martin Alexander (1977)Miton J. Allison (1977)Richard Bartha (1979)Robert T. Belly (1978)Martha D. Berliner (1977)Jerome Birnbaum (1979)Thomas L. Bott (1977)Charles Boylen (1979)Lee A. Bulla, Jr. (1977)Lloyd B. Bullerman (1977)Victor Cabelli (1979)William R. Chesbro (1979)Tom D. Y. Chin (1977)Alex Ciegler (1977)Rita R. Colwel (1977)Richard A. Consig4i (1979)Charles Cooney (1979)Joseph J. Cooney (1977)Jacob A. Donkersloot (1979)Charles L. Duncan (1979)Richard Elander (1979)Beatrice England (1977)Jerald C. Ensip (1977)James J. Ferris (1977)Carl B. Fliermans (1978)
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Volume 33 Contents for January Number 1General Microbial Ecology
Deconjugation of Bile Acids by Intestinal Lactobacilli. S. E. GILLILAND ANDM. L. SPECK*.......................................................... 15
Microbial Transformations of Selenium. J. W. DORAN AND M. ALEXANDER* ... 31
Microbial Decomposition of Synthetic 14C-Labeled Lignins in Nature: Lignin Bio-degradation in a Variety of Natural Materials. W. F. HACKETT, W. J.CONNORS, T. K. KIRK, AND J. G. ZEIKUS* ................................ 43
Isolation and Identification of Fecal Bacteria from Adult Swine. J. P. SALANITRo,*I. G. BLAKE, AND P. A. MUIRHEAD ........ .............................. 79
Methods for Growing S irillum lipoferum and for Counting It in Pure Culture andin Association wit Plants. YAACOV OKON, STEPHAN L. ALBRECHT, AND R.H. BURRIS* ........................................................... 85
Effects of Naturally Occurring Aquatic Organic Fractions on 24'Am Uptake byScenedesmus obliquus (Chlorophyseae) and Aeromonas hydrophila (Pseudo-monadaceae). JOHN P. GIESY, JR.,* AND DONALD PAINE ..... ............ 89
Receptor Site on Clover and Alfalfa Roots for Rhizobium. FRANK B. DAzzo ANDWINSTON J. BRILL*.................................................... 132
Modification of Membrane Diffusion Chambers for Deep-Water Studies. C. B.FLIERMANS AND R. W. GORDEN .......................................... 207
Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologySanitation in Self-Service Automatic Washers. LINDA E. BuFoRD, MARY S.
PicKErr, AND PAUL A. HARTMAN* ........ ............................... 74Aerobic Microbial Flora of Intertrigenous Skin. RAZA ALY* AND HowARw I.
MAIBACH ............................................................. 97Products Formed from Analogues of 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-Bis(p-Chlorophenyl)-
Ethane (DDT) Metabolites by Pseudomonas putida. R. V. SUBBA-RAO ANDM. ALEXANDER*....................................................... 101
Persistence of Poliovirus 1 in Soil and on Vegetables Grown in Soil PreviouslyFlooded with Inoculated Sewage Sludge or Effluent. JOHN T. TIERNEY,ROBERT SULLIVAN, AND EDWARD P. LARKIN* ............................. 109
Aeromonas Distribution and Survival in a Thermally Altered Lake. C. B.FLIERMANS, R. W. GORDEN, T. C. HAZEN, AND G. W. ESCH ..... ........... 114
Aggregation of Poliovirus and Reovirus by Dilution in Water. ROGER FLOYD ANDD. G. SHARP*.......................................................... 159
Poliovirus Aggregates and Their Survival in Water. D. C. YOUNG AND D. G.SHARP* ............................................................... 168
Slide Staining Device for Use During Space Flight. R. M. BRocKErr,* J. BRAY,J. L. DAY, J. K. FERGUSON, AND J. M. WALSH ........................... 203
Chemically Defined Medium for Rothia dentocariosa. R. J. LESHER* AND S. J.DEAL ................................................................. 213
Food Microbiology and ToxicologySome Nutritional Characteristics of a Naturally Occurring Alga (Microcystis sp.)
in a Guatemalan Lake. GABRIEL DE LA FUENTE, ANTONIO FLORES, MARIO R.MOLINA,* LETICIA ALMENGOR, AND RICARDo BRESSANI ..... ............... 6
Enteropathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Ligated Rabbit Ileum.DAVID F. BROWN,* PROCTER L. SPAULDING, AND ROBERT M. TWEDT ........ 10
* Asterisk refers to person to whom inquiries regarding the paper should be addressed.
xv
Ionic Bonding, the Mechanism of Viral Uptake by Shellfish Mucus. RUDOLPH DiGIROLAMO,* JOHN LISTON, AND J. MATCHES ....... ....................... 19
Thermal Resistance of Bacillus subtilis var. niger in a Closed System. J. T.PEELER,* A. L. REYES, R. G. CRAwFoRD, A. J. WEHBY, AND J. E. CAMPBELL 52
Comparison of Methods for the Isolation of Salmonella from Imported Frog Legs.W. H. ANDREWS,* C. R. WILSON, P. L. POELMA, AND A. ROMERO .... ...... 65
Incidence and Properties of Temperate Bacteriophages Induced from LacticStreptococci. ALAN R. HuGGINS AND WLuLIAM E. SANDINE*............... 184
Partial Purification and Some Properties of Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase from Aero-monas phenologenes ATCC 29063. G. M. CARMAN AND R. E. LEVIN* ..... 192
Coliforms from Hides and Meat. K. G. NEWTON,* J. C. L. HARRISON, AND K. M.SMITH ............................................................... 199
Two Plating Media Modified with Tween 80 for Isolating Yersinia enterocolitica.W. H. LEE ............................................................ 215
Comparison of Microbial Counts on Beef Carcasses by Using the Moist-Swab Con-tact Method and Secondary Tissue Removal Techniques. C. R. LAZARUS, A.ABu-KAKAR, R. L. WEST,* AND J. L. OBLINGER ...... ................... 217
MycotoxinsMutant ofAspergillus flavus Producing More Aflatoxin B2 than B1. K. E. PAPA 206Production of Cyclopiazonic Acid by Aspergillus fkavus Link. K. C. LUK, B.
KOBBE,* AND J. M. TOWNSEND .......... ................................ 211
Metabolism and ProductsPurification and Specificity of Bacteriolytic Enzyme I from Hartmannella glebae.
J. M. UPADHYAY,* B. A. MARES, D. M. HEMELT, AND P. G. RIVET .1Microbial Transformation of 8-Chloro-10,11-Dihydrodibenz(b,f) (1,4)Oxazepine by
Fungi. JAMES JIU,* SETH MIZUBA, AND JEREMY HRIBAR .................. 26End Products and Fermentation Balances for Lactic Streptococci Grown Aero-
bically on Low Concentrations of Glucose. W. V. BROWN AND E. B.COLLINS* ............................................................. 38
Production and Purification of Thermostable Amylase and Protease of Thermo-monospora viridis. MARY E. UPTON* AND WILLIAM M. FOGARTY .... ...... 59
Fermentation of L-Aspartate by a Saccharolytic Strain of Bacteroides melanino-genicus. JASON c. WONG, JOHN K. DYER,* AND JACK L. TRIBBLE .......... 69
Hydrogen Production by Nitrogen-Starved Cultures of Anabaena cylindrica.JOSEPH C. WEISSMAN* AND JOHN R. BENEMANN ...... .................... 123
Hydrolysis of Lactose by Immobilized Microorganisms. KUNIO OHMIYA,* HIROSHIOHASHI, TAKESHI KOBAYASHI, AND SHOICHI SHIMIZU ..... ................ 137
Conidiogenesis and Secondary Metabolism in Penicillium urticae. JUNICHISEKIGUCHI AND G. MAURICE GAUCHER* ....... .......................... 147
Semiquantitative Plate Assay for Determination of Cellulase Production byTrichoderma viride. BLAND S. MONTENECOURT* AND DOUGLAS E. EVELEIGH 178
Production of Gibberellic Acid Using a Dairy Waste as the Basal Medium. I. S.MADDOX* AND S. H. RICHERT .......... ................................. 201
XVi CONTENTS
Volume 33 Contents for February Number 2General Microbial Ecology
Amorphous Ferrous Sulfide as a Reducing Agent for Culture of Anaer-obes. THOMAS D. BROCK* AND KATHLEEN O'DEA ...... .................. 254
Effect of Sulfate on Carbon and Electron Flow During Microbial Methanogenesisin Freshwater Sediments. M. R. WINFREY AND J. G. ZEIKUS* ..... ....... 275
Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Effects of the Heavy Metal Cations ofManganese, Copper, Cobalt, and Nickel on the Growth of Three Deep-SeaBacterial Isolates. EDWARD J. ARCURI AND HENRY L. EHRLICH* .... ...... 282
Association of Hydrogen Metabolism with Methanogenesis in Lake Mendota Sedi-ments. M. R. WINFREY, D. R. NELSON, S. C. KLEVICKIS, AND J. G. ZEIKUS* 312
Fermentation of Mucin and Plant Polysaccharides by Strains of Bacteroides fromthe Human Colon. A. A. SALYERS,* J. R. VERCELOTTI, S. E. H. WEST, AND T.D. WILKINS ............................................................ 319
Tetrahydrofolate and Other Growth Requirements of Certain Strains of Rumino-coccus flavefaciens. L. L. SLYTER* AND J. M. WEAVER ..... .............. 363
Nitrogen-Fixing Enterobacter agglomerans Isolated from Guts of Wood-EatingTermites. C. J. POTRIKUS AND JOHN A. BREZNAK* ...... ................. 392
In Situ Morphology of the Gut Microbiota of Wood-Eating Termites [Reticuli-termes flavipes (Kollar) and Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki]. JOHN A.BREZNAK* AND H. STUART PANKRANTZ .................................. 406
Reduction of Sulfur by Spirillum 5175 and Syntrophism with Chlorobium. R. S.WOLFE* AND NORBERT PFENNIG ......... ................................ 427
Continuous Culture of Mixed Oral Flora on Hydroxyapatite-Coated GlassBeads. SARA Z. SUDO ............ ..................................... 450
Leakage of Cellular Material from Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in the Presence ofOrganic Acids. JON H. TUTTLE, PATRICK R. DUGAN,* AND WILLIAM A. APEL 459
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Vaginal Colonization. BRYAN LARSEN,* A. J.MARKOVETZ, AND R. P. GALASK ........ ................................. 470
Bacterial Oxidation of Polythionates: Determination of Tetrathionate with an Ion-Selective Electrode. OLLI H. TUOVINEN* AND D. J. DONALD NICHOLAS .... 477
Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyImproved Enumeration of Streptomyces spp. on a Starch Casein Salt Me-
dium. SHIRLEY J. MACKAY ......... ................................... 227Confirmation of the Single-Step Membrane Filtration Procedure for Estimating
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Densities in Water. B. J. DUTKA* AND K. K.KWAN ................................................................240
Lead Inhibition of Enzyme Synthesis in Soil. MICHAEL A. COLE .... .......... 262Thermophilic Methane Production from Cattle Waste. V. H. VAREL, H. R. ISAAC-
SON, AND M. P. BRYANT* .......... ..................................... 298
Regeneration of Pleated Filters Used to Concentrate Enteroviruses from LargeVolumes of Tap Water. SAMUEL R. FARRAH, CHARLES P. GERBA, SAGAR M.GOYAL, CRAIG WALLIS, AND JOSEPH L. MELNICK* ..... .................... 308
Inactivation of Polioviruses and Coxsackieviruses in Surface Water. R. T.O'BRIEN* AND JUDITH S. NEWMAN ....... ............................... 334
Effect of Temperature, Aeration, and Moisture on CO2 Formation in Bench-ScaleContinuously Thermophilic Composting of Solid Waste. D. J. SULER AND M.S. FINSTEIN............................................................ 345
CONTENTS x*ii
Degradation of Malathion by Salt-Marsh Microorganisms. A. W. BOURQUIN ... 356Occurrence of Human-Associated Yeasts in Bivalve Shellfish from Long Island
Sound. JOHN D. BUCK,* PATRICIA M. BUBUCIS, AND THEODORE J. COMBS.. 370
Microbiological Profiles of the Viking Spacecraft. J. R. PULEO,* N. D. FIELDS, S.L. BERGSTROM, G. S. OXBORROW, P. D. STABEKIS, AND R. C. KOUKOL ...... 379
Inactivation of Clay-Associated Bacteriophage MS-2 by Chlorine. CHARLES H.STAGG, CRAIG WALLIS,* AND CALVIN H. WARD ...... ..................... 385
Food Microbiology and ToxicologyProcedures Involving Liquid Media for Detection of Bacterial Contamination in
Breweries. H. J. J. VAN VUUREN,* H. A. Louw, M. A. Loos, AND R. MEISEL 246Study of Conditions for Production of Roquefortine and Other Metabolites of
Penicillium roqueforti. P. M. SCOTT,* B. P. C. KENNEDY, J. HARWIG, AND B.J. BLANCHFIELD....................................................... 249
Variations in the Microbial Log Reduction Curves of Irradiated Cod Fillets,Shrimp, and Their Respective Homogenates. JOHN H. GREEN AND JOHN D.KAYLOR ............................................................... 323
Effect of Beef Broth Protein on the Thermal Inactivation of Staphylococcal Entero-toxin B. I. C. LEE, K. E. STEVENSON, AND L. G. HARMON* ..... .......... 341
Isolation and Molecular Size of Clostridium botulinum Type C Toxin. BUNEISYUTO AND SHUICHIRO KUBO* .......... ................................ 400
Plating Medium for Differentiating Salmonella arizonae from Other Salmonel-lae. ALLAN M. LITTELL ................................................ 485
MycotoxinsIsolation and Identification of Xanthomegnin, Viomellein, Rubrosulphin, and
Viopurpurin as Metabolites ofPenicillium viridicatum. MICHAEL E. STACK,*ROBERT M. EPPLEY, PETER A. DREIFUSS, AND ALBERT E. POHLAND .... ..... 351
Media for Identification of Gibberella zeae and Production of F-2 (Zearale-none). CHARLES W. BACON,* JOE D. ROBBINS, AND JAMES K. PORTER ..... 445
Metabolism and ProductsFatty Acid Fingerprints of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832 Grown at Various
Temperatures. D. B. DRUCKER* AND F. J. VEAZEY ...... ................ 221Lipid Accumulation in an Oleaginous Yeast (Candida 107) Growing on Glucose in
Single-Stage Continuous Culture. COLIN 0. GILL, MICHAEL J. HALL, ANDCOLIN RATLEDGE ....................................................... 231
Effect of Culture Conditions on Synthesis of L-Asparaginase by Escherichia coli A-1. W. R. BARNES, G. L. DORN, AND G. R. VELA* ...... .................. 257
Growth Characteristics of a New Methylomonad. BILL J. CHEN, WILLIAM HIRT,HENRY C. LIM, AND GEORGE T. TSAO* ................................... 269
Fermentation of Cellulose and Cellobiose by Clostridium thermocellum in theAbsence and Presence of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. P. J.WEIMER AND J. G. ZEIKUS ............ .................................. 289
Radiolabeling of and Macromolecular Syntheses in Neisseria gonorrhoeae Types 1and 4. DANIEL V. LIM,* ANN N. JAMES, AND ROBERT P. WILLIAMS ........ 328
Stable Gas-Liquid Chromatography Column for Fatty Acid Analysis. LYDELL B.HANSEN,* LYLE KUHNLEY, AND CHARLES T. KENNER ...... ............... 480
MethodsRapid Method for Detection of Urea Hydrolysis by Yeasts. D. K. PALIWAL AND H.
S. RANDHAWA*......................................................... 219
xviii CONTENTS
Generalized Indicator Plate for Genetic, Metabolic, and Taxonomic Studies withMicroorganisms. BARRY R. BOCHNER* AND MICHAEL A. SAVAGEAU ....... 434
Correction for the Inherent Error in Optical Density Readings. J. V. LAWRENCE*AND S. MAIER .......................................................... 482
ErratumStability ofBacillus pumilus Spore Strips used for Monitoring Radiation Steriliza-
tion. HERBERT N. PRINCE ........... .................................. 488
Volume 33 Contents for March Number 3General Microbial Ecology
Factors Affecting the Cellulolytic Activity of Rumen Contents. COLIN S. STEW-ART ................................................................... 497
Use of Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate as an Indicator of the Microbiota Biomass inRumen Contents. C. W. FORSBERG* AND K. LAM ...... .................. 528
Relationship of Vaginal Cytology to Alterations of the Vaginal Microflora of RatsDuring the Estrous Cycle. BRYAN LARSEN,* A. J. MARKOVETZ, AND R. P.GALASK ............................................................... 556
Comparison of Nitrogen Fixation Activity in Tall and Short Spartina alternifloraSalt Marsh Soils. ROGER B. HANSON ................................... 596
The Environment and the Microbial Ecology of Human Skin. MOLLIE E. Mc-BRIDE,* W. CHRISTOPHER DUNCAN, AND J. M. KNOX ..... ................. 603
Acetylene Reduction by Soil Cores of Maize and Sorghum in Brazil. JOHN TJEP-KEMA* AND PETER VAN BERKUM ......... ............................... 626
Survival of a Psychrophilic Marine Vibrio Under Long-Term Nutrient Starva-tion. JAMES A. NOVITSKY AND RICHARD Y. MORITA* ..... ................ 635
Retrieval of Concentrated and Undecompressed Microbial Populations from theDeep Sea. H. W. JANNASCH* AND C. 0. WIRSEN ...... .................. 642
Dietary Effects on the Composition of Fecal Flora of Rats. KING-THOM CHUNG,*GEORGE E. FULK, AND SIDNEY J. SILVERMAN ...... ....................... 654
Resistance of Cysts of Amoebae to Microbial Decomposition. R. A. BARRETT ANDM. ALEXANDER*......................................................670
Microtechnique for Most-Probable-Number Analysis. R. RowE, R. TODD,* AND J.WAIDE ................................................................675
Tentative Identification of Methanogenic Bacteria by Fluorescence Micros-copy. RONALD W. MINK AND PATRICK R. DUGAN* ..... .................. 713
Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyLimax Amoebae in Public Swimming Pools of Albany, Schenectady, and Rensse-
laer Counties, New York: Their Concentration, Correlations, and Signifi-cance. THOMAS B. LYONS III AND RAMESH KAPUR ..... .................. 551
Occurrence ofEscherichia coli in Wild Cottontail Rabbits. R. KOZLOWSKI,* P. J.GLANTZ, AND R. G. ANTHONY .......... ................................. 563
Evaluation of Recovery Methods to Detect Coliforms in Water. G. K. BISSON-NETTE,* J. J. JEZESKI, G. A. MCFETERS, AND D. G. STUART .... ........... 590
Virus and Bacteria Removal from Wastewater by Rapid Infiltration ThroughSoil. STEPHEN A. SCHAUB* AND CHARLES A. SORBER.....................609
Continuous Open Flow-Through System as a Model for Oil Biodegradation in theArctic Ocean. AMIKAM HOROWITZ AND RONALD M. ATLAS*.647
CONTENTS XiX
Sensitivity of Various Bacteria, Including Actinomycetes, and Fungi to Cadmiumand the Influence of pH on Sensitivity. H. BABICH AND G. STOTZKY* ...... 681
Reductions in the Toxicity of Cadmium to Microorganisms by Clay Minerals. H.BABICH AND G. STOTZKY* ............................................... 696
Isolation of Atypical Candida albicans from the North Sea. S. A. CROW, P. I.BOWMAN, AND D. G. AHEARN* ......... ................................. 738
Food Microbiology and ToxicologyStability of Lactic Acid Bacteria to Freezing as Related to Their Fatty Acid
Composition. I. GOLDBERG* AND L. ESCHAR ............................. 489Bacteriological Investigation of Alberta Meat-Packing Plant Wastes with Empha-
sis on Salmonella Isolation. J. M. VANDERPOST* AND J. B. BELL .... ...... 538Effects of Varying Concentrations of Novobiocin Incorporated into Two Salmonella
Plating Media on the Recovery of Four Enterobacteriaceae. L. RESTAINO,* G.S. GRAUMAN, W. A. MCCALL, AND W. M. HILL ........................... 585
Modified Radioimmunoassay Determination for Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B inFoods. ZALMON POBER AND GERALD J. SILVERMAN* ..... ................. 620
Timed-Release Capsule Method for the Detection of Salmonellae in Foods andFeeds. WILLIAM H. SVEUM AND PAUL A. HARTMAN* ..... ............... 630
Comparative Study of Two Methods for Detection of Clostridium perfringens inGround Beef. B. S. EMSWILER,* C. J. PIERSON, AND A. W. KOTULA ....... 735
MycotoxinsProduction of the Tremorgenic Mycotoxins Verruculogen and Fumitremorgin B by
Penicillium piscarium Westling. R. T. GALLAGHER* AND G. C. M. LATCH . 730Metabolism and Products
Properties of an Immobilized Pesticide-Hydrolyzing Enzyme. DOUGLAS M. MUN-NECKE ............................................................... 503
Purification and Some Biological Properties of Asparaginase from Azotobactervinelandii. S. A. GAFFAR* AND Y. I. SHETHNA ...... .................... 508
Form of Vitamin B12 and Its Role in a Methanol-Utilizing Bacterium, Protamino-bacter ruber. KAZUYOSHI SATO,* SHUNSAKU UEDA, AND SHOICHI SHIMIZU . 515
Production of Kestoses (Fructosylsucroses) by Phytophthora parasitica var. nico-tianae. LESTER HANKIN* AND JOHN L. MCINTYRE ...... ................. 522
Control of Sexual Reproduction in Gibberella zeae (Fusarium roseum "Grami-nearum"). J. C. WOLF AND C. J. MIROCHA* ...... ....................... 546
Mutant of Methylomonas methanolica and Its Characterization with Respect toBiomass Production from Methanol. LENA HAGGSTROM ..... ............. 567
Lipid Accumulation in an Oleaginous Yeast (Candida 107) Growing on GlucoseUnder Various Conditions in a One- and Two-Stage Continuous Cul-ture. MICHAEL J. HALL AND COLIN RATLEDGE* ...... .................... 577
Bacterial Growth Kinetics on Diphenylmethane and Naphthalene-Heptamethyl-nonane Mixtures. RICHARD S. WODZINSKI* AND DAVID LAROCCA .... ...... 660
Application of Oxygen-Enriched Aeration in the Conversion of Glycerol to Dihy-droxyacetone by Gluconobacter melanogenus IFO 3293. M. C. FLICKINGER*AND D. PERLMAN....................................................... 706
Characterization of a Cytoplasmic Reserve Glucan from Ruminococcus al-bus. K.-J. CHENG, R. G. BROWN, AND J. W. COSTERTON ..... ............ 718
Extradiol Cleavage of 3-Methylcatechol by Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase from VariousMicroorganisms. C. T. HoU,* R. PATEL, AND M. 0. LILLARD.725
xx CONTENTS
Induction and Catabolite Repression of Glucosidases in Pseudomonas maltophi-lia. R. S. BOETHLING.................................................. 8
Preparation and Activity of Immobilized Acetobacter suboxydans Cells. G.WAYNE SCHNARR, WALTER A. SZAREK,* AND J. K. N. JoNEs .............. 732
MethodsTransparent Plastic Incubator for the Anaerobic Glove Box. EDWARD BALISH,*
JAMES F. BROWN, AND TRACY D. WILKINS ............................... 525Multisurface Glass Roller Bottle for Growth of Animal Cells in Culture. ERNEST
KNIGHT, JR............................................................ 666Simple Procedure for Large-Scale Assays for Chick Interferon. GUNTER VIE H-
HAUSER ............................................................... 740
Volume 33 Contents for April Number 4General Microbial Ecology
Characteristics of Bacteroides Isolates from the Cecum of ConventionalMice. GERALD W. TANNOCK ........... ................................ 745
Muramic Acid as a Measure of Microbial Biomass in Estuarine and MarineSamples. JOHN D. KING AND DAVID C. WHITE* ...... ................... 777
Resistance ofRhizobium Strains to Phygon, Spergon, and Thiram. OLU ODEYEMIAND M. ALEXANDER*.................................................... 784
Diurnal Changes in Concentration of Rumen Ciliates and in Occurrence of Divid-ing Forms in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalus) Fed Once Daily. T. MICHAL-OWSKI* ............................................................... 802
Succession of Streptococcus bovis Strains with Differing Bacteriophage Sensitivi-ties in the Rumens of Two Fistulated Sheep. W. G. IVERSON AND N. F.MILLIS* ............................................................... 810
Alternative Model and Approach for Determining Microbial Heterotrophic Activi-ties in Aquatic Systems. A. S. DIETZ, L. J. ALBRIGHT,* AND T. TUOMINEN 817
Nitrogen Fixation (Acetylene Reduction) in a Salt Marsh Amended with SewageSludge and Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Compounds. ROGER B. HANSON. 846
Energetics of Streptococcal Growth Inhibition by Hydrostatic Pressure. PHILIPMATSUMURA AND ROBERT E. MARQUIS* .................................. 885
Nitrification in Histosols: a Potential Role for the Heterotrophic Nitri-fier. ROBERT L. TATE III ............ .................................. 911
Factors Affecting Nitrification In Situ in a Heated Stream. JAMES P. WHITE,*DAVID P. SCHWERT, JOANNE PIERCE ONDRAKO, AND LOUISE L. MORGAN .... 915
Numerically Dominant Denitrifying Bacteria from World Soils. THOMAS N.GAMBLE, MICHAEL R. BETLACH, AND JAMES M. TIEDJE* ..... .............. 926
Determination of Bacterial Number and Biomass in the Marine Environ-ment. STANLEY W. WATSON,* THOMAS J. NOVITSKY, HELEN L. QUINBY, ANDFREDERICA W. VALOIS ............... ................................... 940
Antigenicity of Bdellovibrios. THEODORE T. KRAMER* AND JORGEN M. WESTER-GAARD ................................................................ 967
Simple, Effective Method for Purifying the AS-1 Cyanophage. M. B. BARKLEYAND P. R. DESJARDINS* ................................................. 971
Linkage of Mercury, Cadmium, and Arsenate and Drug Resistance in ClinicalIsolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. HIDEOMI NAKAHARA,* TOMOAKI ISHI-
XXiCONTENTS
KAWA, YASUNAGA SARAI, ISAMU KONDO, HIROYUKI KOZUKUE, AND SIMONSILVER ................................................................ 975
Glucose-i-Phosphate as a Selective Substrate for Enumeration of BacteroidesSpecies in the Rumen. BURK A. DEHORITY* AND JEAN A. GRUBB ......... 998
Technique for Isolating Phage for Azotobacter vinelandii. PAUL E. BISHOP, MARKA. SUPIANO, AND WINSTON J. BRILL*.... ................................ 1007
Isolation of a Cellulolytic Bacteroides sp. from Human Feces. H. G. BETIAN, B.A. LINEHAN, M. P. BRYANT,* AND L. V. HOLDEMAN... ................... 1009
Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyUse of an Axenic Medium for Differentiation Between Pathogenic and Nonpatho-
genic Naegleria fowleri Isolates. JOHAN DE JONCKHEERE ................ 751Salmonella in Surface Waters of Central New York State. N. C. DONDERO,*
CONSTANCE T. THOMAS, MOHAN KHARE, J. F. TIMONEY, AND G. M. FUKUI 791Toxicity and Mutagenicity of Hexavalent Chromium on Salmonella typhimu-
rium. FERNANDO L. PETRILLI AND SILVIo DE FLORA*.................... 805Ambient-Temperature Primary Nonselective Enrichment for Isolation of Salmo-
nella spp. from an Estuarine Environment. J. B. KAPER, G. S. SAYLER, M.M. BALDINI, AND R. R. COLWELL*...... ................................. 829
Identification of the Virucidal Agent in Wastewater Sludge. RICHARD L. WARD*AND CAROL S. ASHLEY .................................................. 860
Pyrolysis Gas-Liquid Chromatography of the Genus Bacillus: Effect of GrowthMedia on Pyrochromatogram Reproducibility. G. S. OXBORROW, N. D.FIELDS, AND J. R. PULEO*.............................................. 865
Klebsielleae in Drinking Water Emanating from Redwood Tanks. RAMON J.SEIDLER,* JAN E. MORROW, AND S. T. BAGLEY .... ....................... 893
Oxidative Coupling of Aromatic Pesticide Intermediates by a Fungal PhenolOxidase. RoY D. SJOBLAD AND JEAN-MARC BOLLAG*.... ................. 906
Inactivation by Ionizing Radiation of Salmonella enteritidis Serotype montevideoGrown in Composted Sewage Sludge. J. R. BRANDON,* W. D. BURGE, AND N.K. ENKIRI............................................................. 1011
Food Microbiology and ToxicologyRecovery of Clostridia on Catalase-Treated Plating Media. STANLEY M. HARMON
AND DONALD A. KAUTTER............................................... 762Iodination of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B by Use of Chloramine-T. D. S. ORTH* 824Microbiological Characteristics of Pacific Shrimp (Pandalusjordani). J. S. LEE*
AND D. K. PFEIFER.................................................... 853Amino Acid Profiles and Presumptive Nutritional Assessment of Single-Cell Pro-
tein from Certain Lactobacilli. M. D. ERDMAN, W. G. BERGEN, AND C.ADINARAYANA REDDY*................................................. 901
Use of Enzyme-Labeled Antibodies to Detect Salmonella in Foods. E. P. KRYSIN-SKI AND R. C. HEIMSCH*................................................ 947
Comparison of Sulfite-Polymyxin-Sulfadiazine Medium and Tryptose-Sulfite-Cy-closerine Medium Without Egg Yolk for Recovering Clostridium perfrin-gens. D. S. ORTH ...................................................... 986
MycotoxinsProduction of [14C]Patulin by Penicillium patulum. W. K. NIP AND F. S. CHU* 814Production and Antibacterial Activity of Malformin C, a Toxic Metabolite of
Aspergillus niger. B. KOBBE, M. CUSHMAN, G. N. WOGAN, AND A. L.DEMAIN* .............................................................. 996
* ai CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Production and Biological Activity of Patulin and Citrinin from Penicillium expan-sum. A. CIEGLER, R. F. VESONDER, AND LINDA K. JACKSON ..... ......... 1004
Metabolism and ProductsFungal Growth on Cl Compounds: Quantitative Aspects of Growth of a Methanol-
Utilizing Strain of Trichoderma lignorum in Batch Culture. ROWENA TYEAND ANDREW WILLETTS* .............. ................................. 758
Oxidation of Linear Terpenes and Squalene Variants by Arthrobactersp. YASUHIRO YAMADA, NOBUMI KUSUHARA, AND HIROSUKE OKADA* ..... 771
Cell Growth and Catecholase Production for Polyporus versicolor in SubmergedCulture. PAUL A. CARROAD AND CHARLES R. WILKE* ...... .............. 836
Maintenance Procedures for the Curtailment of Genetic Instability: Xanthomonascampestris NRRL B-1459. DENIS KIDBY, PAUL SANDFORD,* ALBERTA HER-MAN, AND MARTIN CADMUS ............. ................................ 840
Exponential Growth Kinetics for Polyporus versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus inSubmerged Culture. PAUL A. CARROAD* AND CHARLES R. WILKE .... ..... 871
Growth and Cell Volume ofEuglena gracilis in Different Media. T. E. SHEHATA*AND E. S. KEMPNER .................. ................................. 874
Bioassay for Homogeneous Parasporal Crystal ofBacillus thuringiensis Using theTobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta. JOHN H. SCHESSER, KARL J. KRAMER,AND LEE A. BULLA, JR.* .............. ................................. 878
n-Alkane Oxidation Enzymes of a Pseudomonad. VASU R. PAREKH, R. W. TRAX-LER,* AND J. M. SOBEK ............... .................................. 881
Citrate, a Specific Substrate for the Isolation of Clostridium sphenoides. R.WALTHER, H. HIPPE, AND G. GOTTSCHALK ................................ 955
Ethylene Production by Soil Microorganisms. P. J. CONSIDINE,* N. FLYNN, ANDJ. W. PATCHING....................................................... 977
Rapid Tube Test for Detecting Fungal Cellulase Production. R. E. SMITH ..... 980
Mannitol Oxidation in Two Micromonospora Isolates and in Representative Spe-cies of Other Actinomycetes. R. J. MEHTA,* L. R. FARE, M. E. SHEARER, ANDC. H. NASH ........................................................... 1013
Unaltered Metabolism of Taurolithocholic Acid with Changes in Composition ofRat Intestinal Microflora. M. I. KELSEY,* S. SEXTON, G. E. FULK, AND K.-T.CHUNG ............................................................... 1016
MethodsContinuous-Flow System for Large-Scale Ultraviolet Irradiation of Bacterial
Cells. J. G. JOSHI* AND P. A. SWENSON ................................ 915Improved Procedure for Crystallization of Clostridium botulinum Type A Toxic
Complexes. H. SUGIYAMA,* L. J. MOBERG, AND S. L. MESSER .... ........ 963Multiple Syringe Inoculator for Agar Plates. TATSUO KANEKO, MAXINE HOLDER-
FRANKLIN, AND MERVYN FRANKLIN* ........ ............................ 982
Construction of a Kit of Reference Strains for Rapid Genetic Mapping in Bacillussubtilis 168. R. A. DEDONDER,* J-A. LEPESANT, J. LEPESANT-KEJZLAROVA',A. BILLAULT, M. STEINMETZ, AND F. KUNST ............................. 989
Autoclavable Dispenser for Disposable Pipette Tips. SHELDON A. LONDON* .... 994Internal Standards for Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Metabolic End Products
from Anaerobic Bacteria. J. W. MAYHEW AND S. L. GORBACH.1002
xxiii
Volume 33 Contents for May Number 5
General Microbial EcologyCharacterization of the Predominant Bacteria Occurring in the Rumen of Goats
(Capra hircus). B. A. DEHORITY* AND JEAN A. GRUBB ................... 1030General Model of Microbial Growth and Decomposition in Aquatic Ecosys-
tems. L. S. CLESCERI,* R. A. PARK, AND J. A. BLOOMFIELD ............... 1047New Microbial Growth Factor. S. H. BOK AND L. E. CASIDA, JR.* .... ........ 1085Urease Assay and Urease-Producing Species of Anaerobes in the Bovine Rumen
and Human Feces. M. A. WOZNY, M. P. BRYANT,* L. V. HOLDEMAN, AND W.E. C. MOORE ......................................................... 1097
Growth of Desulfovibrio in Lactate or Ethanol Media Low in Sulfate in Associationwith H2-Utilizing Methanogenic Bacteria. M. P. BRYANT,* L. LEON CAMP-BELL, C. A. REDDY, AND M. R. CRABILL ........ .......................... 1162
Use of Lipid Composition and Metabolism to Examine Structure and Activity ofEstuarine Detrital Microflora. JOHN D. KING, DAVID C. WHITE,* AND CE-CILE W. TAYLOR ....................................................... 1177
Lactobacilli Isolated from the Stomach of Conventional Mice. SALLY ROACH,DWAYNE C. SAVAGE, AND GERALD W. TANNOCK* ...... ................... 1197
Osmoregulation in Symbiosis-Independent Mutants of Bdellovibrio bacteriovo-rus. MAZAL VARON* AND JULIE SEIJFFERS ....... ....................... 1207
Medium for the Selective Isolation of Members of the Genus Pseudomonas fromNatural Habitats. MICHAEL A. GRANT* AND JOHN G. HOLT .... .......... 1222
Use of Nuclepore Filters for Counting Bacteria by Fluorescence Microscopy. J. E.HOBBIE,* R. J. DALEY, AND S. JASPER ........ ........................... 1225
Comparison of Two Direct-Count Techniques for Enumerating Aquatic Bacte-ria. WILLIAM B. BOWDEN* ............. ............................... 1229
Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyDestruction of Coliforms in Water and Sewage Water by Dye-Sensitized Photooxi-
dation. A. J. ACHER* AND B. J. JUVEN ................................ ; 1019Small Pet Aquarium Frogs as a Source ofSalmonella. KAREN H. BARTLETT, T. J.
TRUST,* AND H. LIOR ................................................... 1026Effect of Cadmium on Fungi and on Interactions Between Fungi and Bacteria in
Soil: Influence of Clay Minerals and pH. H. BABICH AND G. STOTZKY* .... 1059Toxic Effect of Water-Soluble Fractions of Crude, Refined, and Weathered Oils on
the Growth of a Marine Bacterium. LYN F. GRIFFIN AND JOHN A. CALDER* 1092Significance of Fecal Coliform-PositiveKlebsiella. SUSAN T. BAGLEY AND RAMON
J. SEIDLER* ......................................................... 1141Evaluation of a New Presumptive Medium for Group D Streptococci. ROBERT L.
ABSHIRE* ............................................................. 1149Effect of Combined Heat and Radiation on Microbial Destruction. D. A. FISHER
AND I. J. PFLUG* ...................................................... 1170Concentration of Enteroviruses from Estuarine Water. SAMUEL R. FARRAH, SA-
GAR M. GOYAL, CHARLES P. GERBA, CRAIG WALLIS, AND JOSEPH L. MELNICK* 1192Comparison of Four Selective Agars for the Isolation of Pseudomonads. A. HART*
AND PATRICIA E. KITE................................................. 1209Inactivation of Poliovirus in Wastewater Sludge with Radiation and Thermoradia-
tion. RICHARD L. WARD*............................................... 1218
XXiV CONTENTS
Food Microbiology and ToxicologyIndonesian Tape Ketan Fermentation. T. C. CRONK, K. H. STEINKRAUS,* L. R.
HACKLER, AND L. R. MATTICK .......... ................................ 1067Diluent Sensitivity in Thermally Stressed Cells of Pseudomonas fluores-
cens. RODNEY J. H. GRAY,* Z. JOHN ORDAL, AND LLOYD D. WITTER ....... 1074Growth of Heat-Injured Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Media Supplemented with
Various Cations. J. H. HEINIS, L. R. BEUCHAT,* AND W. K. JONES ....... 1079
Study of Inhibition of Outgrowth in Bacillus cereus T by Ethyl Picolinate. N. K.PANDEY* AND K. G. GOLLAKOTA......................................... 1105
Catalase and Enumeration of Stressed Staphylococcus aureus Cells. RUSSELL S.FLOWERS, ScoTT E. MARTIN,* DENNIS G. BREWER, AND Z. JOHN ORDAL .... 1112
Minimal Requirements in Defined Media for Improved Growth of Some Radio-Resistant Pink Tetracocci. ANNA SHAPIRO, DEBORAH DILELLO, MARIANNAC. LoUDIS, DOLORES E. KELLER, AND S. H. HUTNER* ...................... 1129
Methyl Bromide as a Microbicidal Fumigant for Tree Nuts. J. E. SCHADE* ANDA. D. KING, JR . ....................................................... 1184
Changes in Lipid Composition of Escherichia coli Resulting from Growth withOrganic Solvents and with Food Additives. L. 0. INGRAM ..... ........... 1233
MycotoxinsNew Species ofAspergillus Producing Sterigmatocystin. C. J. RABIE,* M. STEYN,
AND G. C. VAN SCHALKWYK ............. ............................... 1023Production of Antibody Against Aflatoxin B1. F. S. CHU* AND I. UENO ........ 1125
Metabolism and ProductsBacterial Metabolism of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds. DEBORAH DEAN-
RAYMOND AND M. ALEXANDER* ........... .............................. 1037Phosphate Inhibition of Secondary Metabolism in Serratia marcescens. FRANK
R. WITNEY, MARK L. FAILLA, AND E. D. WEINBERG* ...... ................ 1042Laminarinase (,8-Glucanase) Activity in Bacteroides from the Human Colon. A.
A. SALYERS,* J. K. PALMER, AND T. D. WILKINS .......................... 1118Microbiological Transformations of A6a' "°a-Tetrahydrocannabinol. DAVID Fu-
KUDA, ROBERT A. ARCHER, AND BERNARD J. ABBOTT* ...... ............... 1134Purification and Characteristics of an Alginase from Alginovibrio aquatilis. R.
A. STEVENS AND R. E. LEVIN* ........... ............................... 1156
MethodsSerial Propagation of Pneumocystis carinii in Cell Line Cultures. CARMEN R.
LATORRE, ALEXANDER J. SULZER,* AND LOIS G. NORMAN ..... ............. 1204Gentle Lysis of Staphylococcus aureus at Low Temperature. RUSSELL S. FLOw-
ERS, SCOTT E. MARTIN,* AND Z. JOHN ORDAL ....... ...................... 1215Butyl Rubber Stoppers Increase the Shelf Life of Prereduced, Anaerobically Steri-
lized Media. ROBERT S. FULGHUM* AND JOHN M. WORTHINGTON .... ...... 1220
Volume 33 Contents for June Number 6
General Microbial EcologySensitive Enzymatic Assay for Glucose Determination in Natural Waters. B. Z.
CAVARI* AND G. PHELPS ................................................ 1237
CONTENTS xxv
Preparation of Specifically Labeled '4C-(Lignin)- and 14C-(Cellulose)-Lignocellu-loses and Their Decomposition by the Microflora of Soil. DON L. CRAWFORD,*RONALD L. CRAWFORD, AND ANTHONY L. POMETTO III ..................... 1247
Hydrogen Utilization by Clostridia in Sewage Sludge. KYOKO OHWAKI AND R. E.HUNGATE* ............................................................. 1270
Cellulolytic Cocci Isolated from the Cecum of Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus). B.A. DEHORITY ........................................................... 1278
Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyResponse of Microorganisms to an Accidental Gasoline Spillage in an Arctic
Freshwater Ecosystem. A. HOROWITZ AND R. M. ATLAS* ..... ............ 1252Two-Temperature Membrane Filter Method for Enumerating Fecal Coliform Bac-
teria from Chlorinated Effluents. BARBARA L. GREEN, ELIZABETH M. CLAU-SEN, AND WARREN LITSKY* ........... .................................. 1259
Comparison of Limulus Amebocyte Lysates and Correlation with the United StatesPharmacopeial Pyrogen Test. RUTH E. WACHTEL AND KIYOSHI TsujI* ..... 1265
Food Microbiology and ToxicologySpoilage Association of Chicken Leg Muscle. T. A. MCMEEKIN ..... .......... 1244Penetration of Bacteria into Meat. C. 0. GILL* AND N. PENNEY ..... ......... 1284
MycotoxinsAnalysis of Ochratoxin B Alone and in the Presence of Ochratoxin A, Using
Carboxypeptidase A. KARL HULT,* ELVY HOKBY, AND STEN GATENBECK ... 1275
Metabolism and ProductsProduction and Counting of Spores of Clostridium chauvoei. H. 0. BAGADI .... 1287Baked-Bean Waste: a Potential Substrate for Producing Fungal Amylases. Y. D.
HANG* AND E. E. WOODAMS ........... ................................. 1293Identification of Intermediates Formed During the Degradation of Hexachlorocy-
clohexanes by Clostridium sphenoides. A. D. HERITAGE AND I. C. MAcRAE* 1295
MethodsUse of the Minitek System for Characterizing Lactobacilli. S. E. GILLILAND AND
M. L. SPECK* .......................................................... 1289
XXVi CONTENTS