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T H E R O L E O F H Y D R O G E N I N O U R E N E R G Y E C O S Y S T E M
Z E R O E M I S S I O N E N E R G Y
Confidential
BRIEF INTRO TO HIRINGA ENERGY - WHAT DO WE DO?
Make Clean Hydrogen
Developing green hydrogen production projects using electrolysis using renewables, waste gases and biogases, and forming joint ventures with industrial partners who provide power and initial hydrogen offtake.
Develop Refuelling Infrastructure
Forming joint ventures to develop and invest in hydrogen distribution and refuelling infrastructure across New Zealand.
Facilitate Market Use of H2
Partnering with New Zealand’s largest freight and logistics companies.
Working with global fuel-cell and vehicle manufacturers to bring hydrogen fuel cell technologies to NZ - forklifts, buses, light & heavy vehicles, and ferries.
3
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROGENHYDROGEN IS THE EVERYWHERE ENERGY
• When using hydrogen for power or heat it gives off water vapour with no emissions
• Found naturally in:• Water (H2O)• Hydro-carbons (Eg. CH4)
• Used to produce chemicals:• Ammonia (NH3)• Methanol (CH3OH)
• Usually produced from natural gas (CH4)
• Green hydrogen can produced from renewable energy – electrolysis separates water into H2 and O2 using electricity
• Tried and tested - used in industry, transport and space…
Hydrogen is:
The most abundant element in universe
The lightest element
Odourless, non-toxic
4
WHY NOW?OUR WORLD NEEDS SUSTAINABLE LOW EMISSION ENERGY SOLUTIONS
Pollution, global warming, population growth, energy poverty, finite fossil fuels—these are the challenges of our time.
• The cost of renewable energy, especiallywind and solar generation has droppedremarkably over the last decade.
• However, renewables such as solar andwind are intermittent.
• Hydrogen can capture this energy whenthe wind blows and the sun shines andmake that energy available when needed.
“Hydrogen is the key to a de-carbonised future”. - Takeshi Uchiyamada, Chairman, Toyota
WHAT IS THE SIZE OF THE PRIZE FOR NZ?DRIVING SOLUTIONS WITH GLOBAL IMPACT
“Today's Moonshot is to fuel Earth with sustainable energy. Hydrogen is ready.”
World Economic Forum 2019
• Replace imported fossil fuels - $6 billion p.a.
• Provide replacement exports - $2 billion p.a.
• Development of technology and business models >$1 trillion market opportunity
• Increased energy resilience
• Improved quality of life
5
NZ – A CASE STUDY OF AN ENTIRE ENERGY ECOSYSTEM 80% RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY HOWEVER…60% OF ENERGY FROM FOSSIL FUELS AND CANNOT BE EASILY ELECTRIFIED
a
Hydrogen Export Markets
(seasonal)
(intermittent)
(baseload)
Fuel Cell transport solutions
H2 energy storage
Heat and Energy
(Variable)
Electric vehicles
Multiple Supply Pathways Multiple Uses Storage & Transport
Steam reformation
Electrolysis
Methanation H2 injection
Electricity Grid
Natural Gas Network
Hydrogen
Fuel Cell
H2 transport & distribution Industrial
Process Feedstock
Geothermal
Hydro
Wind
Solar
Natural Gas
Electrolysis
Pumped HydroEnergy Storage
Battery Energy Storage
Hiringa Energy 2019
H2 refueling & supply
Virtualpeaking
Combustion
CO2CO2
CO2CO2
CNG Transport
CO2
Methane cracking
Multiple supply = increased resilience, can change over time Multiple uses = greater impact on greenhouse gas emissions
LINKING NZ ENERGY SYSTEMS TO UNLOCK DECARBONISATION GREEN HYDROGEN IS KEY TO DECARBONISING HEAVY TRANSPORT AND INDUSTRY
Bio Gas
INDUSTRIAL OFFTAKE CREATES SCALE FOR GREEN HYDROGEN
Grid connect
Electrolysis
4.3 Mw Plant power
Excess power
Transport Market
7000t Green Urea
/ annum
H2 for zero emission transport market
H2 for green ammonia/urea
New Wind Turbines
Peak power
Existing Balance Agri-nutrients Ammonia/Urea Plant
Hiringa / Ballance JV
SCALE DRIVES COST REDUCTIONS
Hiringa Refuelling
COST REDUCTIONS ARE DRIVING BROADER USE
Confidential 9
Source: CSIRO National Hydrogen Roadmap
HYDROGEN FUEL CELL TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS
Confidential 10
TECHNOLOGY IS PROVEN AND APPLICATIONS ARE GROWING
“We are confident that hydrogen power will transcend the transportation sector and become a leading global economic success.”
- Euisun Chung, Executive Vice Chairman of Hyundai Motor Group, 2018
• Japan moving to a “Hydrogen Society”
• China and South Korea rolling out 1000’s of FCEV buses.
• Heavy fleet operators in US and EU have pre-ordered FCEV trucks.
• Hydrogen trains operational in Germany, UK converting diesel fleet.
• >25,000 forklifts operational in US warehouses including Amazon, Walmart, BMW, Proctor & Gamble.
11
ROAD TRANSPORT IS A MAJOR GHG CONTRIBUTORFOCUS ON HEAVY VEHICLES CREATES HIGH IMPACT OPPORTUNITY
Other Sector Emissions
83%
Light Passenger58%
Heavy Fleet26%
Light Commercial16% Other <1%
RoadTransportation
17%
Other Industry Emissions Light Passenger
Heavy Fleet Light Commercial
Motorcycle
0
5
10
15
20
25
Heavy fleet Lightcommercial
Lightpassenger
Othert-
CO
2/ve
hicl
e/an
num
Heavy vehicles make up 4% of the vehicle fleet, but 26% of the total GHG emissions
Source: MBIE New Zealand GHG Inventory Table 1.A (a) 2016, MoT NZ 2017 Vehicle Fleet Data Spreadsheet v 4.0 Sept 2018
VEHICLE FLEET VALUE PROPOSITION
Confidential 12
WHY OPERATORS WOULD CHOOSE A FCEV SOLUTION?
Benefits of hydrogen FC technology
• High Performance – instant torque and acceleration, no degradation.
• Increased utilisation – Refueling and range equivalent to diesel/petrol.
• Preserved payload – comparable to diesel
• Maintenance – less parts than ICE, improved lifetime over batteries.
• Reduced environmental impact -quiet, zero emission, no NOX, reduces disposal of batteries, 95% recyclable.
• Max impact on emissions / $ invested – high utilization, costs reducing.
• No change to fleet composition
• No change to fleet operations
• Zero emission without compromise
Outcomes for fleet operators
13
EFFICIENT USE OF FLEET VEHICLES – SYSTEM EFFICIENCY
Fuel Cell
Diesel
Battery Electric
800 km400 km
or
• A diesel truck can haul >20t payload, over 800km within NZ length and weight limitations
• One fuel cell trucks can haul the same load without refuelling or reduced payload
• Battery electric trucks must reduce payload and use multiple trucks or recharge to move the same load
Source: V. Viswanathan and S. Sripad, ACS Energy Letters, 2017, 2, 1669-1673, ICCT Zero Emission Freight White Paper vF 2017
20t
20t
10t
10t
BAT
BAT
20t
10 hrs
10 hrs
2 x 10 hrs20t
15 hrs+2.5 hrs +2.5 hrs
20t
20t
© Hiringa Energy Limited, 2019
20t 20t
10t BAT
10t BAT
14
EFFICIENT USE OF REFUELLING TIMELESS TIME CHARGING IS MORE TIME ON THE ROAD
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45Km per Recharge Time (km/min)
BEV FCEV
© Hiringa Energy Limited, 2019
15
EFFICIENT USE OF OUR GRIDHYDROGEN MAXIMIZES INSTALLED CAPACITY WITHOUT GRID UPGRADES AND PEAK CHARGES
Time (hrs)
Pow
er D
eman
d (M
W)
Existing demand curve
Capacity increase for 100% charger availability
Network capacity
Capacity available for hydrogen production and storage
Capacity available for hydrogen production and storage
Required grid upgrades for 100% charger availability
© Hiringa Energy Limited, 2019
OPTIMISING THE COST OF ELECTRICITY
16Confidential
27
13
143.5
32
10.5Transmission
RetailerChargeGST & GovtLevyMetering
Generation
Distribution
-53.5%
Retail electricity price breakdown
Grid Connected
Generator Direct Connect
Data from: www.ea.govt.nz/consumers/my-electricity-bill
• Electrolysers can be connected directly to electricity generation avoiding significant transmission and distribution costs
• The falling cost of renewable generation can make electricity costs for hydrogen substantially cheaper than current market rates
$60 $70 $80 $90
$100 $110 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160
0:00
1:00
2:00
3:00
4:00
5:00
6:00
7:00
8:00
9:00
10:0
011
:00
12:0
013
:00
14:0
015
:00
16:0
017
:00
18:0
019
:00
20:0
021
:00
22:0
023
:00
2018 Intraday Wholesale Electricity Price
2018 Average WAP Off-peak (12hr) -WAP
ESTABLISHING INFRASTRUCTURE TO REMOVE UPTAKE BARRIERSCALABLE APPROACH TO ENABLE COMMERCIALLY VIABLE REFUELLING
17
Phase 1 – Preliminary pilot network
Phase 2 – Commercial roll-out
Other – Potential third party locations
Hiringa’s roll-out focuses on concentrated
areas of heavy vehicles, freight, logistics and
industry:
• Phase1: 4 stations online by 2021 covering
95% of the North Island freight routes
• Phase 2: 24+ stations rolled out 2021-2024
covering all North Island and majority South
Island heavy vehicle movements
New Zealand has potential to establish world’s
first full coverage commercial hydrogen
refueling network
MODULAR HYDROGEN SOLUTIONS ARE AVAILABLE
Hydrogen storage
Hydrogen production
Warehouse forklift fleets
Warehouse forklift fleets
Refuelling station
Local renewable electricity
generation
Warehouse forklift fleets
Piped hydrogen
Grid electricity
Light/Medium FCEVs
City/Intercity buses
Heavy FCEVs
Dispensed hydrogen 350 bar
Piped hydrogen
Small unit Swap & Go
Bio Gas
Waste Stream
PSA
SMR
Delivered hydrogen
PSA
Light/Medium FCEVs
City/Intercity buses
Heavy FCEVs
Dispensed hydrogen –350-700 bar
Swap and Go Manifold
Delivered hydrogen
Dispensed hydrogen –350-700 bar
Dispensed hydrogen 350 bar
PARTNERSHIPS THROUGH SUPPLY CHAIN CRUCIAL
Confidential 19
PARTNERS BRING MIX OF INFRASTRUCTURE, CAPABILITY, CAPITAL, OFFTAKE
Electricity Generation H2 Production Distribution Refuelling Offtake
Industrial H2 users
Heavy transport
Buses
Export
HEAVY TRUCKS AVAILABLE IN NZ FROM 2021
Confidential 20
• Ranges 500-2000KM, fill times equivalent to diesel
• Leverages European OEM parts supply chain and dealer network
THE TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP DROPPING RAPIDLY
Confidential 21
FCEV FLEETS WILL BE MORE COMPETITIVE THAN ICE FLEETS BY 2025
Hiringa is working with Ministry of Transport to identify effective early commercial
incentives for FC heavy trucks and buses
CASE EXAMPLE - EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
• FC Bus range > 400km
• BEV buses range 230 km
• FCEV buses replace high fuel use buses first
• FCEV and BEV buses similar cost, but FCEVs reducing in cost
• No behavior change
• No infrastructure constraint –similar installed electricity capacity but flexibility on time of production
• Multiple supply sources –renewable electricity or biogas
Confidential 22
SMALL PORTION OF BUSES USE MOST FUEL AND CREATE MOST EMISISONS
23
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Success Factor Drivers Strategies
Affordable procurement
Purchasing economy of
scale
Pilot fleets >10 vehicles / region +
multiple regionsLeasing models
FInancial offsets (eg RUC
exemption)
Low fuel costsProduction &
refuelling economy of
scale
Aggregate offtake from
multiple vehicles
Open access refueling
Broader network
integration
Low operations & maintenance
costs
Maintenance simplicity &
economy of scale
Standardize vehicles for streamlined supply chain
Pilot fleets >10 vehicles
Aggregate purchasing
across multiple regions
Reliable service delivery
Emulate existing service Route flexibility Optimised fleet
downtime
FOUR CRITICAL FACTORS TO DELIVERING A SUCCESSFUL FCEV ROLLOUT
WHAT DOES SUCCESS LOOK LIKE?
24
• Sustainable cities, industry & businesses
• Reduced emissions in our regions and cities
• New business and export creation
• Reduced imported fuels
• Provide a template for other countries
It requires:
• Collaboration at local, national and international level
• New business models and thinking
• Appropriate investment structures
THANK YOU
Confidential 25
Hydrogen is the energy to change our future –
let’s make it a zero-emissions one.
Andrew ClennettCo-Founder and CEO
M: +64 27 704 7007E: [email protected]
www.hiringa.co.nz