wrdì NdIdj yd wyalduq;a ;Êùoamuslimaffairs.gov.lk/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Ahadiyya...ix khz;GkpF gpujkh;> Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk; kj mYty;fs; mikr;rh; mth;fsJ Mrpr; nra;jp,yq;if rkaq;fSf;Fk;

i

wrdì NdIdj yd wyalduq;a ;Êùoa^Y=oaO jQ w,a-l=rawdka lshùu ms<sn| kS;srS;s&

bia,dóh §kshahd;a O¾udpd¾hjreka ̂ WmfoaYljreka&bia,dóh §kshahd;a O¾udpd¾hjreka ̂ WmfoaYljreka&bia,dóh §kshahd;a O¾udpd¾hjreka ̂ WmfoaYljreka&bia,dóh §kshahd;a O¾udpd¾hjreka ̂ WmfoaYljreka&bia,dóh §kshahd;a O¾udpd¾hjreka ̂ WmfoaYljreka&i|yd iy;sl m;% úNd.h i|yd fm< fmd;ai|yd iy;sl m;% úNd.h i|yd fm< fmd;ai|yd iy;sl m;% úNd.h i|yd fm< fmd;ai|yd iy;sl m;% úNd.h i|yd fm< fmd;ai|yd iy;sl m;% úNd.h i|yd fm< fmd;a

mwG nkhopAk; m ;̀fhKj; j[;tPJk;(Gdpj my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;fhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs;)(Gdpj my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;fhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs;)(Gdpj my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;fhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs;)(Gdpj my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;fhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs;)(Gdpj my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;fhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs;)

,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;FhpaJ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;FhpaJ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;FhpaJ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;FhpaJ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;FhpaJ

Arabic Language and Ahkamuth Thajweed(Rules of Recitation of Al-Quran)))))

Text Book for

Islamic Deeniyyath (Dharmacharya) Certificate Examination

Published by :Department of Muslim Religious and Cultural Affairs

180, T. B. Jayah Mawatha,Colombo - 10,

Sri Lanka.

2-CM14801

ii

iiiCM 14801 (07/2013)

iv

v

MNyhridAk; topfhl;lYk; : fyhepjp vk;. V. vk;. Rf;hp

gzpg;ghsh;

[hkpM esPkpa;ah fyhgPlk;

m\;n\a;f; V. rp. mfhh; K`k;kj; (esPkp)

gpujpg; gzpg;ghsh;


Jizj; jiytu;>

mfpy ,yq;if [k;,a;aj;Jy; cykh rig

m\;n\a;f; it. vy;. vk;. ettp (esPkp)

Kd;dhs; gzpg;ghsh;

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;

m\;n\a;f; vk;. vr;. vk;. ]kPy; (esPkp)

gzpg;ghsh;

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;

vOj;jhsh; FO mq;fj;jth;fs; : mwG nkhop

m\;n\a;f; vk;. Mu;. vk;. kp`;ohu; (esPkp)

rpNu\;l Mrpupah;

FkhupKy;y K];ypk; k`h tpj;jpahyak;

g+nfhil

m\;n\a;f; v];. v];. ukohd; (]ygp)

rpNu\;l Mrpupah;

vUf;fyk;gpl;b K];ypk; k`h tpj;jpahyak;>

Gj;jsk;

m ;̀fhKj; j[;tPj;

m\;n\a;f; V. vy;. mypahu; B.A.(kjdp)mjpgu; fhu;dl; ru;tNjr ghlrhiy (`pg;Og;gpupT)

jp̀ hhp

m\;n\a;f; M.T. M. ]h`pu; B.A. (fg+up)> (kjdp)rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;>

k`;gYy; cykh mwgpf; fyhgPlk;>

njy;Njhl;il

vi

nrk;ikahf;fw; FO : m\;n\a;f; fyhepjp M.H. M. m];̀ u; (kjdp)

rpNu\;l tphpTiuahsh;

gpd;gh]; kfspu; muGf; fy;Y}up> ky;thd

m\;n\a;f; S.H. M. gsPy; (esPkp)

rpNu\;l tphpTiuahsh;


m\;n\a;f; M. L. fkU];]khd; (esPkp)


,izg;ghf;fk; : nksytp my;`h[; vk;. vr;. vk;. yhgPh; (fg+up)

B. A. PGDEkj;jpa m`jpa;ah rk;Nksdg; ghlj;jpl;lf;

FOj; jiyth;

nksytp my;̀ h[; vk;. vr;. E}Wy; mkPd; (ej;tp)

BA (Cey)cjtpg; gzpg;ghsh;

K];ypk; rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;

vii

jiyg;G : mwG nkhopAk; m`;fhKj; j[;tPJk;mwG nkhopAk; m`;fhKj; j[;tPJk;mwG nkhopAk; m`;fhKj; j[;tPJk;mwG nkhopAk; m`;fhKj; j[;tPJk;mwG nkhopAk; m`;fhKj; j[;tPJk;

,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a)

rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;FhpaJ

gjpg;ghrphpah; : my;̀ h[; nksytp vk;. vr;. E}Wy; mkPd; (ej;tp) BA (Cey)

cjtpg; gzpg;ghsh;

K];ypk; rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs;; jpizf;fsk;

ntspaPL : K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;

180> T. B. [hah khtj;ij

nfhOk;G - 10.

gjpg;G : murhq;f mr;rfj;jpizf;fsk;

lhf;lh; nldp];lh; B rpy;th khtj;ij

nfhOk;G - 08

Kjw;gjpg;G : 2014

gjpg;Ghpik : K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;

viii

ix

khz;GkpF gpujkh;> Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk;kj mYty;fs; mikr;rh; mth;fsJ

Mrpr; nra;jp

,yq;if rkaq;fSf;Fk; fyhrhuq;fSf;Fk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; toq;Fk;

xU NjrkhFk;. rpWgpuhak; Kjy; gps;isfspilNa fyhrhuk;>

rftho;T> khdplj;Jtk; gw;wpa kdg;ghq;if tsh;g;gjd; ClhfNt

Njrj;ijAk; r%fj;ijAk; kjpf;fpd;w> rka fyhrhuj;ij

nfsutpf;fpd;w> kdpjkhz;ig Ghpe;J nfhz;l r%fnkhd;iw

cUthf;f KbAk;. ghPl;iria ikag;gLj;jpa fy;tpj; jpl;lj;jpd;

%yk; rpyNtis jhh;kPf gz;ghl;L hPjpahd fy;tpia toq;FtJ

fbdkhfyhk;. ,jdhy; ,yq;ifapy; QhapW rka ghlrhiyf;

fy;tpj;jpl;lk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ngsj;jk;> ,e;J> ,];yhk;>

fpwp];jt rka gps;isfs; jj;jkJ rka ];jyq;fSf;F my;yJ

ghlrhiyfSf;F nrd;W rkaf; fy;tpiag;ngw Vw;ghL

nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

rkaf; fy;tpg; NghjidfSf;Fj; Njitahd Mrphpah;fis

tsg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd gapw;rpj; jpl;lq;fs;> rPUil toq;fy; kl;Lkd;wp

Mrphpah;fSf;fhd Mrphpah; ife;E}y;> khzth;fSf;fhd ghlE}y;

vd;gdTk; ,ytrkhf toq;f eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;

gl;Ls;sd. ngsj;j rka gps;isfSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s rfy

trjpfSk; Vida rkak; rhh;e;j gps;isfSf;Fk; toq;fg;gl

Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ murpd; nfhs;ifahFk;. m`jpa;ah vd;w ngahpy;

nraw;gLk; ,];yhkpa rka ghlrhiyfSf;F mtrpakhd

ghlj;jpl;lj;ij jahh; nra;Ak; Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpid rpwg;ghf epiwT

nra;Js;s K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; ,Nj

gpufhuk; ghlE}y; njhFjpnahd;iw ntspapl Nkw;nfhz;bUf;Fk;

eltbf;if ghuhl;Lf;FhpaJ.

rkaf; fy;tpg; Nghjidapd; ,yf;if miltjpy; Mrphpah;

fSf;fhd topfhl;ly;fis toq;FtJ ,d;wpaikahjjhFk;. kpf

tpiutpy; ,J tplakhf chpa eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;Sk; vd

ek;GfpNwd;.

x

ve;jnthU kl;lj;jpyhapDk; fw;wy;> fw;gpj;jy; nraw;ghL

ntw;wpaspg;gjw;F chpa ghlE}y;fs; mtrpak; vd;gij ahtUk;

Vw;Wf; nfhs;th;. ,t;ttrpaj; Njitia rhpahfg; Ghpe;J

nfhz;Ls;s K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; Njrpa

ghlj;jpl;lj;jpw;fikthf ,U guPl;irfSf;Fkhd ghlE}y;fis

ntspapl Vw;ghL nra;jpUg;gJ fhyj;jpd; NjitahFk;. rka

tptfhuq;fSf;Fg; nghWg;ghd mikr;rh; vd;w tifapy; ehd;

,ijapl;L kpfTk; kfpo;r;rpailfpNwd;. ,ij nra;J Kbg;gjw;F

gq;fspg ;Gr ; nra;j K];ypk ; rka> gz;ghl ;lYty;fs;

jpizf;fsj;jpd; rfyUf;Fk; ed;wp njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;.

jp. K. [auj;d,yq;ifr; rdehaf Nrhryprf;

Fbaurpd; gpujkUk;

Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk;

kj mYty;fs; mikr;rUk;

Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk; kj mYty;fs; mikr;R>

,y. 135> ju;kghy khtj;ij>

nfhOk;G - 07.

xi

nfsut Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk; kj mYty;fs;gpujpaikr;rhpd; Mrpr; nra;jp

gy;ypd rka> fyhrhu tpOkpaq;fisf; nfhz;l ,yq;ifj;

jpUehl;L kf;fs; kj;jpapy;> jhh;kPf r%fnkhd;iwf; fl;bnaOg;Gk;

Nehf;fpy; ,yq;ifapy; tjpAk; gpujhd ehd;F rkaj;jth;fSk;

jj;jkJ gq;fspg;ig toq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,t;Ntisapy;

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; %yk; Kjd;

Kiwahf ,];yhkpa rka (m`jpa;ah) ghlrhiy khzth;fSf;

fhd ghlj;jpl;lj;jpidAk; mg;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpw;fikthf ghlE}y;

fisAk; ntspapLk; ,r;rpwg;ghd Ntisapy; tho;j;Jr; nra;jpnahd;iw ntspaplf; fpilj;jikapid ngUk; ew;Ngwhff;

fUJfpNwd;.

ePz;lfhykhf epytpte;j Fiwghl;il epth;j;jp nra;tjw;F

vkJ mikr;rpd; Clhf gq;fspg;Gr; nra;tJ vkJ flik

vd;gNjhL gy jrhg;jq;fshf ,aq;fptUk; m`jpa;ah rka

ghlrhiy khzth;fSf;Fk; Mrphpah;fSf;Fk; jkJ rka

fy;tpg;gzpfis Kd;nfhz;L nry;tjw;F ,J NgUjtpahf

mikAk; vd ek;GfpNwd;.

xU ehl;bd; mgptpUj;jp epiyj;jpUg;gJ murpay; nghUshjhu

mgptpUj;jpAld; rka> r%f kl;lj;jpyhd mgptpUj;jpAk; ,ize;J

jhd; vd cWjpAld; ek;gpf;if g+z;Ls;Nsd;. Fwpg;ghf r%f

kl;lj;jpyhd xOf;f tpOkpaq;fisg; NgZtjhapd; rka> fyhrhu

Jiwrhh; eyd;fs; ghJfhf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Nkw;gb rka> r%f

fyhrhu tpOkpaq;fisg; ghJfhg;gjpy; m`jpa;ah Kjyhd rkag;

ghlrhiyfs; Mw;Wk; gzp tpiykjpf;f KbahjjhFk;.

rpW guhak; Kjy; gps;isfis rka gpd;dzpapy; thog;

gapw;Wtpg;gJNghy; mjw;fhd gapw;rpfis toq;Ftjd; %yk;

xOf;f tpOkpaq;fshy; Ngh\pf;fg;gl;l ,isa jiyKiwnahd;W

cUthFtij vjph;ghh;f;f KbAk;.

xii

vq;fisg; Nghy; gy;ypd rka> fyhrhu r%fnkhd;W thOk;

ehl;by; ngsj;j> ,e;J> ,];yhkpa> fj;Njhypf;f kf;fs; jkJ

gps;isfSf;F mtuth;fsJ rka mwpitAk; tpsf;fj;ijAk;

toq;Ftjw;F ,JNghd;w rka ghlrhiyfs; Clhf

Nkw;nfhs;Sk; mwg;gzp kfj;jhdjhFk;.

,k;kfj;jhd gzpiar; nra;tjpy; <Lgl;Ls;s K];ypk; rka>

gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; kw;Wk; ,jw;F gq;fspg;Gr; nra;j

midtUf;Fk; vkJ mikr;rpd; ed;wpawpjiy rkh;g;gpf;f

tpUk;GfpNwd;.

vk;. Nf. V. B. v];. Fztu;jd>

gpujpaikr;ru;>

Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk; kj mYty;fs;

mikr;R.



nfhOk;G - 07.

xiii

Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk; kj mYty;fs; mikr;rpd;nrayhsuJ Mrpr; nra;jp

jhh;kPf rKjhankhd;iw Njhw;Wtpg;gjpy; rkaf; fy;tp mjpKf;fpa

gq;fhw;WfpwJ. ghyh; gUtk; Kjy; gps;isfspilNa rka tpOkpar;

rpe;jidia Vw;gLj;j KbAkhapd; ehl;bd; r%f #oiy ey;y

epiyf;F khw;WtJ f\;lkhapuhJ. ahthplj;jpYk; ey;y kdg;ghq;F

Vw;gLtJ mDgtq;fs; CNlahFk;. rkaf; fy;tp gaDs;s

mDgtq;fis toq;Ftjw;fhd rpwe;j ClfkhFk;. ghPl;iria

ikag;gLj;jpa nghJf;fy;tpAld; khj;jpuk; rka mwpitg; Gfl;LtJ

rpukkhd fhhpakhFk;. ,jw;F khw;wPlhf ,yq;ifapy; QhapW

jpdq;fspy; elhj;jg;gLk; rka ghlrhiyfs; Kiw ,j;Jiwapy;

ngUksT ntw;wpia <l;bj;je;Js;sJ.

ngsj;j> ,e;J> ,];yhkpa> fpwp];jt gps;isfspilNa rka

#oYk; rka mwpTk; tpUj;jp nra;ag;gLk; tifapy; xt;nthU

rkak; rhh; gps;isfSf;Fkhf ntt;Ntwhd rkag; ghlrhiyfs;

eilngWfpd;wd. rka ghlrhiyfSf;fhd ghlj;jpl;lk;> ghlE}y;

vd;gd jw;Nghijf;F ntspaplg;gl;Ls;sd. Mrphpah;fSf;F

mtrpag;gLk; gapw;rpj;jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; Mrphpah; rPUil vd;gd

toq;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. ,q;F Kf;fpa Fiwghlhf tpsq;fp

te;j ghlE}y;fis toq;f Vw;ghL nra;fpd;wik Kf;fpa

mk;rkhFk;. rfy rka Foe;ijfSf;Fk; xNu tpjkhd trjpfis

nra;J nfhLg;gJ murpd; nfhs;ifahFk;. ,];yhkpa rka

ghlrhiyfs; tplaj;jpy;> K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs;

jpizf;fsk; eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ.

ghlj;jpl;lj;ij jahhpj;J rpwg;ghf ntspapl;L itj;j

,j;jpizf;fsk;> Njitahd ghlE}y;fis ntspapl Vw;ghL

nra;jik rka fy;tpj;Jiwapy; xU jpUg;G KidahFk;.

ve;jnthU fy;tp kl;lj;jpYk; ghlj;jpl;lj;jp;d; chpa gyhgyd;fis

miltjpy; ghlE}y;fs; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpg;gij kWf;f KbahJ.

,t;ttrpaj; Njitapid rhptug;Ghpe;J nfhz;Ls;s K];ypk;

rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; Muk;g eltbf;ifahf

m`jpa;ah (j`k;) ,Wjpr; rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;Fupa ghlE}y;

xiv

fisAk;> jPdpa;ahj; (ju;khr;rhu;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irf;Fupa

ghlE}y;fSld; nkhj;jk; 10 E}y;fis ntspapl vLj;Js;s

eltbf;ifapidapl;L ,j;jpizf;fsj;Jf;Fg; nghWg;ghd

mikr;rpd; nrayhsh; vd;w tifapy; ehd; ngUkpjk;

milfpd;Nwd;.

Nkw;gb mwg;gzpapy; <Lgl;bUf;Fk; jpizf;fs Copah;fs;>

tsthsh;fs;> E}yhf;ff;FOtpdh; Mfpa midtUf;Fk; vdJ

ed;wpfis rkh;g;gpf;f Mirg;gLfpNwd;.

vk;. Nf. gP. jprhehaf;f>nrayhsu;>

Gj;j rhrd kw;Wk; kj mYty;fs;

mikr;R.



nfhOk;G - 07.

xv

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;L mYty;fs; jpizf;fsg;gzpg;ghshpd; Mrpr; nra;jp

,d;iwa cyF gaq;fu Md;kPf tWikapYk; ntWikapYk;

thbf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. cz;ikahf ,d;iwa cyfpd; rfy

gpur;rpidfSf;Fk; mbg;gilf; fhuzkhf ,Ug;gJ Md;kPf

tPo;r;rpAk; mjdbahfg; gpwe;Js;s gz;ghl;L tPo;r;rpAkhFk; vdf;

Fwpg;gpl;lhy; mJ kpifahfhJ.

rka rhh;gw;w rpe;jid> rlthjk;> cyfhajk; Kjyhd

kjtpNuhj nfhs;iffspd; nry;thf;fpd; fhuzkhfNt Md;kPf>

jhh;kPf> xOf;f gz;ghl;Lj; Jiwfspy; gaq;fu gpd;dilit

,d;W ehk; fz;L tUfpNwhk;. mwpitg; g+[pf;fpd;w r%fk;

Md;kPfj;ijg; Gwf;fzpf;fpwJ. cliyf; ftdpf;fpd;w r%fk;

cs;sj;ij kwe;JtpLfpd;wJ. ,k;ikia Nerpf;fpd;w r%fk;

kWikia epuhfhpf;fpd;wJ.

rkfhy cyfpd; ,j;jifa rka tpNuhj rthy;fSf;F

Kfq;nfhLj;J kdpj r%fj;ij rd;khh;f;f mbg;gilapy;> Md;kPfg;

ghijapy; topelhj;j ty;y mwpitAk;> GyikiaAk;>

MSikiaAk; cUthf;Ffpd;w gapw;rpg; ghriwfshd muGf;

fy;Y}hpfNshL ,ize;J m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfSk;

,aq;fptUfpd;wik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.

m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfs; ,yq;ifapy; 50 tUlq;fSf;Fk;

Nkyhf ,aq;fptUfpd;wik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;. m`jpa;ah

ghlrhiyfis rpwe;j Kiwapy; topelj;Jtjw;fhf jpizf;fsk;

mjw;fhd KOikahd ghlj;jpl;lj;ij ntspapl;L topelhj;jp

te;Js;sik midtUk; mwpe;jNj.

,e;j tifapy; ,g;ghlj;jpl;lq;fs; %yk; g+uz gaidg;

ngw KbahJ vd;gij mwpe;j jpizf;fsk;> Kjw;fl;lkhf

,g;ghlj;jpl;lq;fSf;F mikthf ,];yhkpa rd;khu;f;f

(m`jpa;ah> my;Fu;Md;) ghlrhiy ,Wjpr;rhd;wpjo; guPl;ir

kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhh;a) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;ir

fSf;Fj; Njitahd ghlg; Gj;jfq;fis ntspapLtijapl;L

kfpo;r;rpailfpd;Nwd;. ,e;j gzpia rpwg;ghf Nkw;nfhz;l Gj;jf

xvi

Mf;ff;FOTf;Fk; njhFg;ghrpupau; FO kw;Wk; ,g;gzpapy;

Kk;Kukhf <Lgl;l vkJ jpizf;fsj;jpd; cjtpg; gzpg;ghsh;

m\;n\a;f; vk;. vr;. E}Wy; mkPd; mth;fSf;Fk; kw;Wk; ,g;gzpapy;

,ize;J gzpahw;wpa midtUf;Fk; ed;wpia njhptpg;gNjhL>

,g;gzpapy; <Lgl;ltu;fsJ ciog;igAk;> mth;fsJ Kaw;rp

iaAk; my;yh`; mq;fPfhpj;Jr; rpwe;j ew;$ypfis toq;f

Ntz;Lk; vd ty;y my;yh`;itg; gpuhh;j;jpf;fpd;Nwd;.

m\;n\a;f; vk;. vr;. vk;. ]kPy;>

gzpg;ghsh;>

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs;

jpizf;fsk;.

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;>

180> up. gp. [hah khtj;ij>

nfhOk;G - 10.

xvii

cau; fy;tp mikr;rpd; rpNu\;lcjtpr; nrayhsupd;; (K];ypk; rka

gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsj;jpd;Kd;dhs; gzpg;ghsh;)

Mrpr; nra;jp

,];yhk; xU tho;f;if newpahFk;. K];ypkhf tho;tjhapd;

my;Fh;Md;> my;̀ jP]; njhlh;ghd njspthd mwpitg; ngWtJ

mtrpakhFk;. "mwpitj;NjLtJ K];ypkhd Mz;> ngz; ,U

ghyhh; kPJk; flikahFk;." vd;w fUj;jpy; tUk; egpnkhopAk;"my;Fh;Midf; fw;W kw;wth;fSf;Fk; fw;Wf;nfhLg;gtNu cq;fspy;

rpwe;jth;" vd;w fUj;jpy; tUk; egpnkhopAk; ,jid

typAWj;Jfpd;wd. ,yq;ifapy; ,];yhj;ij ghlrhiyg; gUtj;jpy;

fw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd xU rpwe;j Clfkhf m`jpa;ah

ghlrhiyfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. K];ypk; rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs;

jpizf;fsk; m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfsp;d; tsh;r;rpapy; Nghw;wj;jf;f

Nritfis toq;fp tUfpd;wik ahtUk; mwpe;jjhFk;. K];ypk;

rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfSf;F

tUlhe;jk; toq;fp tUk; Nritfs; m`jpa;ahtpd; tsh;r;rpf;F

ngUk; cWJizahf mikfpd;wd.

ghyh; fy;tp Kjy; gy;fiyf;fofk; tiuahd 14 tUlq;

fSf;Fhpa Njrpa m`jpa;ahg; ghlj;jpl;lk; jahupj;jik ,yq;if

murhq;f ghPl;ir jpizf;fsk; %yk;; m`jpa;ah ,Wjp rhd;wpjo;

ghPl;ir> ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhhpa) rhd;wpjo; ghPl;ir

Mfpa ,U ghPl;irfisAk; elhj;j Vw;ghL nra;jik> khtl;l

h Pj pahf elhj ;j paik m`jpa ;ah Mrph pah ;fSf;fhd

nraykh;TfSk; fUj;juq;FfSk; m`jpa;ah Mrphpah;fSf;fhd

tUlhe;j E}y; nfhs;tdTf; nfhLg;gdT toq;fpaikAk;>

tUlhe;jk; Mrph pah ;fSf;fhd rPUil toq;fpaikAk;

mg;gzpfspy; rpythFk;.

,tw;wpy; m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfsJ tuyhw;wpy; Njrpa

ghlj;jpl;lj;jpw;F mikthf ghlE}y;fs; ntspaplg;gLtJ

Kf;fpanjhU iky;fy;yhFk;. m`jpa;ah r%fj;jpd; VNfhgpj;j

3-CM14801

xviii

Nfhhpf;ifapd; Kjw;fl;lk; ,d;W epiwNtWtijapl;L csg;

g+hpg;gilfpNwd;. Kjw; fl;lkhf> m`jpa;ah ,Wjpr; rhd;wpjo;

ghPl;ir tFg;GfSf;Fhpa mfPjh> k]hjpU\;\hPM> gpf;F`{y;

,];yhk;> ]Puh tj;jhhPf;> m`;yhf; Mfpa ehd;F ghlq;fSf;Fk;

jPdpa;ahj; ghPl;irf;Fhpa Nkw;gb ehd;F ghlq;fSld; muG

nkhopAk; ,];yhkpa ,yf;fpaKk; Mfpa MW ghlq;fSf;Fkhf

gj;J ghl E}y;fs; ntsptUfpd;wik rpwg;gpj;Jf; $wNtz;ba

njhd;whFk;. Gjpa gzpg;ghsh; jiyikapy; ,g;gzpfs; ahTk;

njhlUk; vd;gJ vdJ mirahj ek;gpf;ifahFk;.

Nkw;gb gzpfis Kd;nfhz;L nry;tjpy; Muk;gk; Kjy;

,d;Wtiu mauhJ cioj;JtUk; cjtpg; gzpg;ghsh; m\;n\a;f;

vk;. vr;. E}Wy; mkPd; kw;Wk; jpizf;fs mjpfhhpfs; kw;Wk;

vOj;jhsu; FO mq;fj;jtu;fs;> njhFg;ghrpupau;fs; MfpNahh;

vd;Wk; ed;wpf;Fhpath;fshth;. my;yh`; mth;fsJ Kaw;rpfis

mq;fPfhpj;Jf; nfhs;thdhf. ,g;gzpapy; ,th;fSld; Nrh;e;J

<LgLtjw;F fpilj;jikia my;yh`; vdf;F toq;fpa xU

kfj;jhd re;jh;g;gkhfNt fUJfpd;Nwd;.

,jw;fhf vd;dhy; Md gzpfisr; nra;af; fhj;jpUf;fpd;Nwd;.

my;yh ;̀tpd; mUs; Ntz;b midtUf;Fk; gpuhh;j;jpf;fpNwd;.

MkPd; !

m\;n\a;f; Y. L. M. ettp>cah; fy;tpaikr;rpd;

rpNu\;l cjtpr; nrayhsu;>

(K];ypk; rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs;

jpizf;fsj;jpd; Kd;dhs; gzpg;ghsu;)

cah; fy;tpaikr;R>

,y. 18> Nthl; gpNs];>

nfhOk;G - 07.

xix

kj;jpa m`jpa;ah rk;Nksd ghlj;jpl;lf;FOj; jiytupd; Mrpr; nra;jp

gp];kpy;yh`ph; u`;khdph; u`Pk;

m`jpa;ahg; ghlrhiyfs; %yk; fle;j MW jrhg;jq;fSf;F

Nkyhf K];ypk; r%fk; gy ed;ikfisaile;J te;Js;sJ.

,Ug;gpDk; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk; Kiwahd gaid r%fk; miltjw;F

Kf;fpa rpy jilfs; ,Ue;J te;Js;sd. mtw;Ws; xd;W ghlE}y;

,y;yhik> kw;iwaJ Njitahd Mrphpa tsk; fpilf;fhik

vdyhk;.

ngUk;ghYk; m`jpa;ahg; ghlrhiyfspy; f.ngh.j. (rhjhuz

juk;) my;yJ f.nghj.(cah; juk;) tiu fw;wth;fNs fw;gpj;jy;

gzpapy; <Lgl;Ls;sdh;. xU rpy ,lq;fspNyNa cykhf;fSk;

gapw;wg;gl;l my;yJ gl;ljhhp Mrphpah;fSk; fw;gpj;jw; nraw;ghl;by;

<Lgl;Ls;sdh;.

m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfspy; Nghjpf;Fk; Mrphpah;fsJ mwpT

kl;lj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jk; tifapNyNa ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj;

(jh;khr;rhupa) ghlj;jpl;lk; tFf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,g;ghlnewpiaf;

fw;Wj; Njh;tjd; %yk; mth;fs; rd;khh;f;f Nghjdhrphpah;fSf;fhd

juhjuj;ijg; ngWfpd;wdh;. ,r;rhd;wpjo; cilath;fis rka

Mrphpah;fshf epakpf;Fk; jpl;lj;jpid muR Kd; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

vdNt ,g;ghlj;jpl;lk; Kiwahf fw;gpf;fg;gLtjd; %yk;

m`jpa;ahf;fs; vjph;Nehf;Fk; Mrphpah; gw;whf;Fiwia epth;j;jpf;f

KbAk;. mj;NjhL Mrphpah;fsJ fy;tpj;juj;ij Nkk;gLj;jTk;

KbAk;. NkYk; ,th;fsplk; fw;Fk; khzth;fsJ mwpTkl;lk;

cah;tilAk; vd;Wk; vjph;ghh;f;fyhk;.

,J tplaj;jpy; K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;

fhprid nfhz;L eltbf;if Nkw;nfhz;L nraw;gl;LtUfpd;wik

ghuhl;Lf;FhpaJ. ,jw;F Kd;Ndhbahf tpsq;fpa Kd;dhs;

gzpg;ghsh; m\;n\a;f Y. L. M. ettp mth;fsJ gq;fspg;G

nkr;rj;jf;fjhFk;. mtuJ topfhl;ly;fSk; MNyhridfSk;

,jw;F cWJizahf tpsq;fpd. mtUf;F gf;fgykhf tpsq;fpa

K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsj;jpd; cjtpg;gzpg;ghsu; m\;n\a;f; M. H. E}Wy; mkPd; mth;fsJ mauhj

xx

Kaw;rpAk; <LghLk; ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit. m`jpa;ahg;

ghlrhiyfs; kj;jpa rk;Nksdk; K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lYty;fs;

jpizf;fsj;jpd; ,e;jg; gq;fspg;gpid ed;wpAzh;NthL

Nehf;FfpwJ.

,r;re;jh;g;gj;jpy; ,yq;if g+uhTk; vkJ ,isa jiy

Kiwapduhd ghlrhiyg; gps;isfSf;F ,];yhkpa mwpitAk;

czh;itAk; Cl;b J}a ,];yhkpa \hpMtpd; topapy; elhj;Jk;

nghWg;igNaw;W nraw;gl;L tUk; m`jpa;ahtpd; Kd;Ndhbfs;>

mjd; njhz;lh;;fs;> mjpgh;fs;> Mrphpah;fs; Mfpa midtUk;

my;yh`;tpd; mUSf;Fhpath;fs; vd;gij $wtpUk;GfpNwhk;.

m`jpa;ahtpd; ];jhgfj;jiyth; kh;`{k; vk;.vr;.mg;Jy;

m]P]; mtu;fisj; njhlh;e;J vk;NkhL gzpahw;wpahw;Wfpd;w

jiyth;fs;> epUthfpfs; ahtUf;Fk; ,t;tp];jhgdj;ij

topelhj;jpr; nry;tjw;fhd kNdhgyj;ijAk; clw;Rfj;ijAk;

ey;f Ntz;Lnkd kj;jpa m`jpa;ah rk;Nksdk; gpuhu;j;jpf;

fpd;Nwhk;.

kj;jpa m`jpa;ah rk;Nksdk; 1988 Mk; Mz;L nghJg;

ghlj;jpl;lj;ij tFj;jJ> ,jidj; njhlu;e;J K];ypk; rka

gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; Njrpa hPjpahf 2003 Mk; Mz;L

nghJg;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpid mwpKfQ; nra;jJ. 2005 Mk; Mz;L

Kjy;> Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; m`jpa;ah ,Wjpr; rhd;wpjo; ghPl;irfs;

,lk; ngw;whYk; ghPl;irfSf;fhd ghlE}y;fs; vJTk; ,y;yh

jpUe;jik ngUk; Fiwghlhf ,Ue;jJ. ,jdhy; ,g;ghPl;irf;Fj;

Njhw;Wk; khzth;fsJ vz;zpf;ifAk; Fiwthf ,Ue;jJld;

tpz;zg;gpj;Njhhpy; ghPl;irf;Fj; Njhw;whkypUg;Nghhpd; vz;zpf;if

apy; mjpfhpg;Gk; Vw;gl;lJ.

Nkw;gb Fiwghl;il Kd;dhs; K];ypk; rka> gz;ghl;lY

ty;fs; jpizf;fsg; gzpg;ghsh; m\;n\a;f; it. vy;. vk;. ettp

mth;fsplk; vLj;Jf;$wpaNghJ mtu; Njitahd E}y;fisj;

jahupj;J ntspapl Kd;te;jhu;. mtu; tpl;l ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;J

,g;gzpia rpwg;ghf njhlu;fpd;w gzpg;ghsu; m\;n\a;f; vk;.

vr;. vk;. ]kPy; mtu;fspd; gq;fspg;Gk; ghuhl;lj;jf;fjhFk;.

,g;gzpapy; xj;Jioj;j midtUf;Fk; my;yh`; mUs;

Gupthdhf. mtu;fspd; gzpia mq;fPfupg;ghdhf.

nksytp vk;. vr;. vk;. yhgph;>kj;jpa m`jpa;ah rk;Nksd>

ghlj;jpl;lf; FOj;jiytu;.

xxi

gjpg;Giu

gp];kpy;yh`ph;w`;khdph; u`Pk;

ru;t GfOk; vy;yhk; ty;y my;yh ;̀ xUtDf;Nf cupj;jhfl;Lk;!

my;`k;Jypy;yh`; !

'(vdf;F topg;gl;L vd;id) tzq;Ftjw;fd;wp [pd;fisAk;

kdpju;fisAk; ehd; rpU\;bf;ftpy;iy."(my;Fh;Md; - 51 : 56)

,t;Tyfpy; khdpl th;f;fk; gilf;fg;gl;ljd; Nehf;fk;

my;yh ;̀tpd; fl;lisfis Vw;W> egp (]y;) mth;fspd; tho;f;if

mbr;RtLfis Kiwahf gpd;gw;wp K];ypkhf tho;e;J kuzpg;gNj

ahFk;. my;yh`;tpd; mbahh;fs; vd;w tifapy; xt;nthU

K];ypKk; ,];yhk; gw;wpa njspthd rpe;jidiag; ngw;W jdJ

KO tho;itAk; ,ghjj; Mf;fpf; nfhs;tJ ,d;wpaikahjjhFk;.

,J njhlh;gpy; egp (]y;) mth;fspd; mUs;thf;F gpd;tUkhW

rhd;W gfh;fpd;wJ : ",t;Tyfj;jpy; my;yh`; xUtDf;F

ed;ikia ehbdhy; mtDf;F khh;f;fj;jpy; njspthd tpsf;fj;ij

toq;Ffpwhd;." (my;`jP];)

Nkw;gb ,iwtrdj;jpw;Fk; egp (]y;) mth;fspd; Nghjidf;Fk;

Vw;g khh;f;fj;Jld;; njhlh;Gilatdhf tho;tJ fl;lhaf;

flikahFk;. ,t;thwhf xU K];ypk; ,iwar;rk;> nghWik>

rfpg;Gj;jd;ik> ey;nyhOf;fk;> ew;gz;GfSld;; tho;tjw;F

,];yhkpa rd;khh;f;ff; fy;tpia ngw;Wf; nfhs;tJ ,d;wpaikahj

jhFk;. khh;f;ff; fy;tpia ngWtJ cz;ikahd K/kpdhf

tho;tjw;F top tFf;Fk; vd;gjpy;; re;Njfkpy;iy. ,t;thwhd

ey;nyhOf;fKila xU r%fj;ij fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;F ,d;W

ehlshtpahPjpapy; gy ,];yhkpa \hPM fy;tp epWtdq;fSk;>

jdpahh; mikg;GfSk; jq;fshyhd gq;fspg;Gfisr; nra;J

tUtJ cz;ikapy; Nghw;wj;jf;fjhFk;.

xxii

Nkw;gb Nehf;fj;ij ikakhff; nfhz;L Rkhu; MW

jrhg;jq;fSf;F Nky; ,];yhkpaf; fy;tpia Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd

jpl;lq;fis tFj;J nraw;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kj;jpa m`jpa;ah

rk;Nksd jiytu; kw;Wk; epu;thf cWg;gpdu;fspd; gzp vd;Wk;

ghuhl;lj;jf;fjhFk;.

mj;Jld; ,e;Nehf;fj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L K];ypk;

rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk; gy Mf;fg+h;tkhd

eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhz;L tUtJk; ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.

Fwpg;ghf muGf; fy;Y}hpfs;> m`jpa;ah ghlrhiyfs;>

Fh;Md; kj;u]hf;fs; Nghd;w ,];yhkpa fy;tp epWtdq;fspd;

fy;tpj; juj;jpid Nkk;gLj;JtjpYk;;> ngsjpf tsq;fis

tphpTgLj;JtjpYk; ,j;jpizf;fsk; mjpf mf;fiwAld; nraw;gl;L

tUfpd;wJ. ,tw;Ws; m`jpa;ah ghlrhiy khzth;fspd; eyd;

fUjp gy jpl;lq;fis tFj;J nraw;gl;L te;Js;sikAk; ,q;F

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;. ,e;j tifapy; Kjy; gzpahf m`jpa;ah

kw;Wk; Fh;Md; kj;u]hf;fSf;fhd ghlj;jp;l;lj;jpid 2003 Mk;

Mz;L ntspapl;L itj;jikAk; ,g;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpw;fikthf 2005

Mk; Mz;L m`jpa;ah ,Wjpr; rhd;wpjo; ghPl;iria elhj;Jtjw;F

,j;jpizf;fsk; epjpAjtp toq;fp Njitahd xOq;Ffis

Nkw;nfhz;likAk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;. mj;Jld; 2008 Mk;

Mz;L ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; jh;khr;rhu;a ghPl;iriaAk; ghPl;irj;

jpzf;fsj;jpd; %ykhf elhj;Jtjw;F rfy eltbf;iffisAk;

,j;jpizf;fsk; Nkw;nfhz;lJ. NkYk; 2008 Mk; Mz;L

m`jpa;ah ghyh; tFg;G Kjy; ,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; jh;khr;rhh;a

ghPl;ir tiuf;Fkhd ghlj;jpl;lq;fis tFj;J jkpo;> rpq;fsk;>

Mq;fpyk; Mfpa Kk;nkhopfspYk; ntspapl ;Ls;sik

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.

NkYk; ,j;jpizf;fsk; tUle;NjhWk; m`jpa;ah Mrphpa

MrphpiafSf;fhd rPUil kw;Wk; Gj;jff; nfhLg;gdT toq;Fjy;,fUj;juq;Ffis Vw;ghL nra;jy; Nghd;wtw;iwAk; eil

Kiwg;gLj;jp tUfpd;wJ.

xxiii

Fwpg;ghf m`jpa;ah ,Wjpr; rhd;wpjo; kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa

jPdpa;ahj; (jh;khr;rhu;a) ghPl;irfSf;F Njhw;Wgth;fs; ghlg;

Gj;jfq;fs; ,y;yhjjd; fhuzkhf ghPl;irf;F Njhw;Wtjpy; gy;NtW

rpukq;fis vjph;Nehf;fp tUfpd;wdh;. ,jid fUj;jpw;nfhz;L

ghPl;irfSf;F Vw;wtpjkhf ghlg;Gj;jfq;fis cUthf;Fk;

gzpia vkJ jpizf;fsk; Nkw;nfhz;lJ.

Nkw;gb E}y;fis ntspapLtjw;Fk; kw;Wk; nraw;jpl;lq;fis

mKy;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; Kd;Ndhbahf tpsq;fp> MNyhridfisAk;

topfhl;ly;fisAk; toq;fpa Kd;dhs; gzpg;ghsh;fshd

m\;n\a;f; Y. L. M. ettp mth;fSf;Fk; m\;n\a;f;

M. I. mkPu; mth;fSf;Fk; ,e;E}y; vt;tpj jq;F jilAkpd;wp

Jhpjkhf ntsptu fhuzkhf ,Ue;j jw;Nghija gzpg;ghsh;

m\;n\a;f; M. H. M. ]kPy; mth;fSf;Fk; vdJ kdkhh;e;j

ed;wpfs; chpj;jhfl;Lk;.

,g;ghlg; Gj;jfj;ij tbtikj;J gpuRhpg;gjw;F vy;yh

tifapYk; MNyhridfisAk;> topfhl;ly;fisAk; toq;fpa

[hkpM esPkpa;ah fyhgPlg; gzpg;ghsh; fyhepjp vk;. V. vk;. Rf;hp

kw;Wk; gpujpg;gzpg;ghsh; m\;n\a;f; V. rP. mfhh; K`k;kj;;

mth;fSf;Fk; vdJ kdkhh;e;j ed;wpiaj; njhptpj;Jf;

nfhs;tJld; ,g;gzpia nrt;tNd Kbg;gjw;F xj;Jiog;Gk;

mh;g;gzpg;Gk; toq;fpath;fisAk; ed;wpAld; Qhgfg;gLj;jpf;

nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

,g;Gj;jfk; E}YUtpy; ntsptUtjw;F gy rpukq;fSf;F

kj;jpapy; ghltpjhdq;fSf;Nfw;g ghlq;fis vOjp tbtikj;J

je;j mwG nkhopg; gFjpapd; vOj;jhsh; FO mq;fj;jth;fshd

m\;n\a;f; vk;. Mu;. vk;. kp`;ohu; (esPkp) rpNu\;l Mrpupah;

g+nfhil FkhupKy;y K];ypk; k`h tpj;jpahyak;> m\;n\a;f;

v];. v];. ukohd; (]ygp) rpNu\;l Mrpupah; vUf;fyk;gpl;b

K];ypk; k`h tpj;jpahyak;> Gj;jsk;. m ;̀fhKj; j[;tPj;-j[;tPj;

rl;lq;fs; vDk; jiyg;gpy; vOjp tbtikj;j mjpgu;> fhu;dl;

xxiv

ru;tNjr ghlrhiy> (`pg;Og; gpupT) m\;n\a;f; V. vy; mypahu;

B. A. (kjdp) m\;n\a;f; M. T. M. ]th`pu; B. A. (kjdp)

tpupTiuahsu;> k`;gOy; cykh muGf;fy;Y}up> njy;Njhl;il

MfpNahUf;Fk; vkJ jpizf;fsj;jpd; rhu;ghf ed;wpiaj;

njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

mj;Jld; ,g;Gj;jfj;jpid nrk;ikg;gLj;jp> tbtikj;J

je;jth;fshd m\;n\a;f; fyhepjp M.H.M. m];ù; (kjdp)

rpNu\;l tphpTiuahsh; gpd;gh]; kfspu; muGf; fy;Y}up> ky;thid>

[hkpM esPkpa;ah fyhgPlj;jpd; rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsuhd

m\;n\a;f; S.H.M. gsPy; (esPkp) kw;Wk; m\;n\a;f; M.L.fkU];]khd; (esPkp) MfpNahUf;Fk; kw;Wk; ,e;E}y;

ntsptUtjw;F mwG vOj;Jf;fis fzpdp tbtikj;Jj; je;J

xj;Jiog;Gk; toq;fpa my;̀ pf;kh eyd;Ghp mikg;gpd; gzpg;ghsh;

m\;n\a;f; my;̀ h[; M. H. N\`_jPd; (B. A.) kjdp> m\;n\a;f;

M.A. M. yhgph; (kjdp) MfpNahUf;Fk; vdJ kdkhh;e;j ed;wpiaj;

njhptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

NkYk; ,g;Gj;jfj;ij E}yhf;Ftjw;F Muk;gk; Kjy; ,d;W

tiu vd;Dld; ,izg;ghsuhf nrayhw;wpa nksytp vk;. vr;.

vk;. yhgPh; (fg+up) kw;Wk; my;Kghuf; Njrpa ghlrhiy rpNu\;l

Mrpupia jpUkjp vk;. B. v];. Witjh mtu;fSf;Fk; ,g;Gj;jfk;

E}y; tbtpy; ntsptUtjw;F gy tiffspYk; xj;Jiog;G toq;fpa

m\;n\a;f; vk;. vr;. vk;. ]g;fhd; (esPkp)> m\;n\a;f; vk;. N[.

vk;. mwghj; fuPk; mtu;fSf;Fk; m\;n\a;f; vk;. vd;. vk;.

wp\hj; (esPkp) NkYk; xj;Jiog;G ey;fpa vkJ jpizf;fs

mjpfhupfshd m\;n\a;f; vk;. I. KdPu; (esPkp)> jpUkjp vk;.

I. u]Pdh> my;`h[; V. V. vk;. m];upd;> jpUkjp vk;. it. vg;.

,d;rpgh> kw;Wk; ,g;gzpf;F xj;Jiog;G ey;fpa jpizf;fs

midj;J mjpfhupfSf;Fk;> rpw;W}opau;fSf;Fk; vdJ kdkhh;e;j

ed;wpiaj; njhptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

xxv

NkYk; ,g;Gj;jfj;jpd; ml;ilg;glj;ij tbtikj;Jj; je;j

[dhg; m]hu; t]Pu; mtu;fSf;Fk; vdJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf;

nfhs;fpd;Nwd;. kw;Wk; murhq;f mr;rfj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; fzpdp

gphptpy; flikahw;Wk; jpUkjp V. vd;. `pjhah mth;fSf;Fk;

vkJ jpizf;fsj;jpd; rhh;ghf ed;wpiaj; njhptpj;Jf;

nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

,g;ghlE}y; rk;ge;jkhf VNjDk; MNyhridfSk; fUj;Jf;

fSk; ,Ug;gpd; kWgjpg;gpy; gpuRupg;gjw;F VJthf K];ypk; rka

fyhrhu jpizf;fsj;jpw;F mDg;gp itf;FkhW md;Gld; Ntz;bf;

nfhs;fpNwd;. vdNt ,g;gzpapy; <Lgl;l rfyuJk; Kaw;rpiaAk;

vy;yhk; ty;y my;yh`; nghUe;jpf; nfhs;tJld; cupa gaid

miltjw;F ek; midtUf;Fk; my;yh ;̀ ey;yUs; ghypg;ghdhf!

MkPd; !!

nksytp vk;. vr;.E}Wy; mkPd;>

cjtpg;gzpg;ghsh;.

K];ypk; rka gz;ghl;lYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;>

180 T. B. [hah khtj;ij>

nfhOk;G -10.

xxvi

xxvii

cs;slf;fk;

gf;fk;

mwGnkhop

01. Kjyhk; ghlk; 02

02. ,uz;lhk; ghlk; 03

03. %d;whk; ghlk; 05

04. ehd;fhk; ghlk; 07

05. Ie;jhk; ghlk; 18

06. Mwhk; ghlk; 21

07. Vohk; ghlk; 23

08. vl;lhk; ghlk; 24

09. xd;gjhk; ghlk; 28

10. gj;jhk; ghlk; 30

11. gjpndhwhk; ghlk; 31

12. gz;zpnuz;lhk; ghlk; 32

13. gjpd; %d;whk; ghlk; 34

14. gjpehd;fhk; ghlk; 37

15. gjpide;jhk; ghlk; 38

16. gjpdhwhk; ghlk; 40

17. gjpNdohk; ghlk; 41

18. gjpndl;lhk; ghlk; 42

19. gj;njhd;gjhk; ghlk; 43

20. ,Ugjhk; ghlk; 44

xxviii

m ;̀fhKj; j[;tPj;

01. my;Fh;Md; XJtjpd; xOq;FKiw 47

02. j[;tPj; fpuhmj; fiyj; Njhw;wk; 49

03. ,o;̀ hh; vOj;Jf;fs; 53

04. ,j;qhk; vOj;Jf;fs; 54

05. ,f;yhg; vOj;Jf;fs; 56

06. R$d; nra;ag;gl;l 'kPk;" ,d; rl;lq;fs; 58

07. rj;J nra;ag;gl;l 'E}d;" ,d; rl;lq;fs; 60

08. 'uh" cila rl;lq;fs; 65

09. ,j;qhKk; mjd; gphpTfSk; 68

10. ,Wjp vOj;Jf;F R$d; nra;J epWj;Jk; NghJ

Xjg;gLk; Kiwfs; 72

xxix

E}y; mwpKfk;

,];yhkpa jPdpa;ahj; (jHkhr;rhupa) rhd;wpjo; guPl;irf;Fj;

jahuhFk; khztHfSf;fhd ghlj;jpl;lk; Ie;J ghlq;fis

cs;slf;fpAs;sJ. mtw;wpy; Ie;jhtjhf 'my; mjGy; ,];yhkP

ty; YqJy; mwgpa;ah" ,lk;ngWfpd;wJ. ,g;ghlg; gug;G ehd;F

myFfisf; nfhz;lJ. mtw;wpy; ehd;fhtJ myfhf mwG

nkhop ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

Nkw;gb guPl;irf;Fj; Njhw;Wk; khztHfs; ,];yhk; gw;wpa

mbg;gil tpsf;fq;fisg; NghJkhd msT ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;

tha;g;ig ,g;ghlj;jpl;lk; toq;Fk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

,e;Nehf;fj;ij miltjw;F mwG nkhop gw;wpa mbg;gil mwpT

,d;wpaikahjjhFk;. vdNtjhd; ghlg;gug;gpd; xU gFjpahf

mwGnkhopAk; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

,e;j tifapy;> ghlj;jpl;lj;jpidg; gpujpgypf;Fk; tifapy;

mbg;gil tpsf;fq;fNshL ,e;E}y; jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ghlj;jpl;lj;Jf;F mikthd mbg;gil tpsf;fq;fSk; Fwpg;Gf;fSk;

guPl;irf;F topfhl;Lk; tifapy; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sd. capHf;

FwpaPLfs; ,d;wp ,e;E}y; mikag; ngw;Ws;sjhy; xU Mrpupaupd;

topfhl;lNyhL fw;gJ cupa ,yf;if mile;J nfhs;s

KbAkhtNjhL> Nkyjpfg; gad;fisAk; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s cjTk;.

Mrpupaupd; topfhl;ly;fisg; ngWtjd; Clhf cq;fspd;

mwG nkhop mwptpid tpUj;jpnra;a KidtPHfs; vd;W

vjpHghHf;fpd;Nwhk;.

m\;n\a;f; kp`;ohH w\Pj; (esPkp)

m\;n\a;f; wkohd; ]%d; (]ygp)

xxx

E}y; mwpKfk;

mfpyj;jhhpd; ,ul;rfdhd my;yh`;Tf;Nf midj;Jg; GfOk;

chpj;jhFf. rhe;jpAk; rkhjhdKk; egp K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs;

kPJk; mth;fs; jk; fpisahh;> Njhoh;fs;> njhlh;e;jth;fs; kPJk;

cz;lhtjhf.

cq;fspd; fuq;fspNy ,yq;Ffpd;w Gdpj Fh;Mid gpioapd;wp

Xir eaj;Jld; moFw XJk; rl;lKiwfis> tphpthfTk;>

tpsf;fkhfTk;> jkpopy; $Wk; E}yhd> 'm ;̀fhKj; j[;tPj;" %yk;>

,f;fiyapy; Mh;tq; nfhz;L> fw;wwpe;J> gapw;rpAk; ngw;W

Njh;r;rpaila tpUk;Gk; midtUf;Fk;> xU topfhl;bahfTk;>

cWJizahfTk;> ,Ue;J ey;y gyd; mspf;f Vf w`;khd;

mUs; Ghpthdhf! MkPd;.

cyfj;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;w nkhopfspy; kpfr; rpwe;j ,dpikahd

nkhop mwG nkhopahFk;. ,e;j nkhopapy; jhd; Gdpj my;Fh;Md;

,wq;fpAs;sJ. ,jid [pg;uPy;; (miy) mth;fs; u]{y; (]y;)

mth;fSf;F fw;Wf;nfhLj;jhh;fs;. u]{y; (]y;) mth;fSk; jdJ

Njhoh;fSf;F mNj Nghd;Nw fw;Wf;nfhs;s gapw;Wtpj;jhh;fs;.

jpUkiwapy; Fh;Midj; njspthf> epWj;jp XJtPuhf! (73:4)

vd;w fl;lisf;fpzq;f ,];yhkpa Mz;> ngz; midtUk;

Fh;Md; \hPig gpioapd;wp Xjf; fw;Wf; nfhs;sf; flikg;

gl;bUf;fpd;wdh;.

,jdhy; jhd; ,g;D mg;gh]; (wop) mth;fs; xUth; j[;tPj;

rl;l tpjpfisg; Ngzhky; KOf; Fh;MidAk; XJtij tpl>

mjpy; xU gFjpia j[;tPj; rl;lq;fisg; Ngzp XJtJ kpfr;

rpwe;jJ. $ba ed;ikiaAk; ngwty;yJ vdf; $wpAs;shh;fs;.

,jid ,khk; ettp (u`;) mth;fSk; jkJ E}ypy;

Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;fs;.

me;j tifapy; m\;n\a;f; M. T. M. ]h`ph; B. A. (kjdp)>m\;n\a;f; A. L. mypahh; B. A. (kjdp) Mfpa ,UtuhYk; ,e;jj;

j[;tPj; E}y; njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

xxxi

,e;jj; j[;tPj; njhFg;Gf;F j[;tPj; fiy Nguhrphpah;fspdhy;

vOjg;gl;l gy Gj;jfq;fs; Jizahf mike;jd vd;gJ

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tplakhFk;.

cz;ikapNyNa ,e;jg; Gj;jfj;jpy;> khzt> khztpfSf;Fk;

,jidg; gbf;f tpUk;Gfpd;wth;fSf;Fk; Njitahd midj;J

j[;tPj; rl;l tpjpfSk; cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

NkYk; ,e;E}y; njspthfTk;> ,yFthd eilapYk;

vOjg;gl;bUg;gij ,jidg; gbf;fpd;w midtUk; Ghpe;J nfhs;th;.

Fw pg ;ghf ,jid m`jpa ;ah ghlrhiy khzt

khztpfSf;Fk; Vida kj;u]hf;fspYk; gbf;fpd;w khzt>

khztpfs; midtUf;Fk; gpuNahrdkhf mikAk; vd;gjpy;

ve;j re;NjfKk; fpilahJ.

NkYk; ,r;rl;lq;fisg; gbj;J mjw;fhd rpy cjhuzq;fis

kl;Lk; njhpe;J nfhs;tij tpLj;J ,e;E}ypd; filrpg; gFjpapy;

Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s NtW rpy mj;jpahaq;fis gy jlitapy;

Xjp gapw;rp ngw;W Fh;Mid mofhf Xjf; fw;Wf; nfhs;sKbAk;.

vdNt ,];yhkpa khzt> khztpaUk; rNfhju>

rNfhjhpfSk; my;Fh;Mid j[;tPj; Kiwg;gb Xjp> mjid tpsq;fp

mstpyh ed ;ikfisAk ; ngw ;W ftdj ;ij mila

Kaw;rpg;Nghkhf!

my;yh ;̀ mg;ghf;fpaj;ij vk; midtUf;Fk; je;jUs;thahf!

m\;n\a;f; M. T. M. ]h`ph; B. A. (kjdp)>m\;n\a;f; A. L. mypahh; B. A. (kjdp)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

my;y`g; mj;jpahaj;jp;d; ,yf;fpa eak;:

kf;fP:-

egpatHfspd; vjpupia gopj;Jiuf;Fk; ghq;F ntspg;gLfpwJ.

egpatHfspd; J}Jj;Jtj;jjhy; ehrkhfptpl;lhd; vd;gij iffspuz;Lk;

ehrkhfptpl;ld v tHzpj;jpUf;Fk; ghq;F

`k;khyJy; `jg; (tpwF Rkg;gts;) vd;w nrhw;nwhlH %yk; egpatHfSf;F

vjpuhf mts; Fiw$wpj; jpupe;j nray; gopj;JIuf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

nghUshjhu trjp ,iwtdplk; vg;ngWkhKk; mw;wJ vd;gJ vLj;Jf;

fhl;lg;gLfp;wJ.

egpatHfis Fiw $wpaikf;fhf fOj;ij newpg;gjhf vr;rupf;Fk; ghq;F

ntspg;gLfp;wJ.

xt;nthU trdj;jp; KbTk; fy;fyh xyp tbtj;ijAila xOj;Jf;fis;f;

nfhz;like;jpUg;gJ Xireaj;ij ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ.

mj;jpahak; : 111mj;jpahak; : 111mj;jpahak; : 111mj;jpahak; : 111mj;jpahak; : 111

]_uj;Jj; jg;gj; (ehrkile;Jtpl;lJ)]_uj;Jj; jg;gj; (ehrkile;Jtpl;lJ)]_uj;Jj; jg;gj; (ehrkile;Jtpl;lJ)]_uj;Jj; jg;gj; (ehrkile;Jtpl;lJ)]_uj;Jj; jg;gj; (ehrkile;Jtpl;lJ)

kf;fP - &$/ : 1> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP - &$/ : 1> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP - &$/ : 1> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP - &$/ : 1> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP - &$/ : 1> trdq;fs; : 5

mstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahd; my;yh`;tpd;mstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahd; my;yh`;tpd;mstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahd; my;yh`;tpd;mstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahd; my;yh`;tpd;mstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahd; my;yh`;tpd;

ngauhy; (XJfpNwd;)ngauhy; (XJfpNwd;)ngauhy; (XJfpNwd;)ngauhy; (XJfpNwd;)ngauhy; (XJfpNwd;)

111 : 1. mg+y`gpd; ,U iffs; ehrkilf ! mtDk; ehrkhthdhf!

111 : 2. mtDila nry;tKk;> mtd; rk;ghjpj;jitAk; mtDf;Fg;

gadspf;ftpy;iy.

111 : 3. kWikapy; nfhOe;J tpl;nlhpAk; neUg;gpy; mtd; gpuNtrpg;ghd;.

111 : 4. tpwF Rkg;gtshd mtDila kidtpAk; (me;eufpy;

Eiothd;)

113 : 5. mtSila fOj;jpy; KWf;Nfwpa <r;rq;fapW xd;W ,Uf;Fk;.

(mjdhy; mtSk; mopths;)

8

my;y`g; mj;jpahaj;jp ;d; ,yf;fpa eak;my;y`g; mj;jpahaj;jp ;d; ,yf;fpa eak;my;y`g; mj;jpahaj;jp ;d; ,yf;fpa eak;my;y`g; mj;jpahaj;jp ;d; ,yf;fpa eak;my;y`g; mj;jpahaj;jp ;d; ,yf;fpa eak;

kf;fP:-

* egpatHfspd; vjpupia gopj;Jiuf;Fk; ghq;F ntspg;gLfpwJ.

* egpatHfspd; J}Jj;Jtj;ij vjpHj;jjhy; ehrkhfptpl;lhd; vd;gij

'iffspuz;Lk; ehrkhfptpl;ld" vd tHzpj;jpUf;Fk; ghq;F

* '`k;khyJy; `jg;" (tpwF Rkg;gts;) vd;w nrhw;nwhlH %yk;

egpatHfSf;F vjpuhf mts; Fiw$wpj; jpupe;j nray; gopj;Jiuf;fg;

gLfpd;wJ.

* nghUshjhu trjp ,iwtdplk; vg;ngWkhdKk; mw;wJ vd;gJ vLj;Jf;

fhl;lg;gLfp;wJ.

* egpatHfis Fiw $wpaikf;fhf fOj;ij neupg;gjhf vr;rupf;Fk;

ghq;F ntspg;gLfp;wJ.

* xt;nthU trdj;jpd; KbTk; 'fy;fyh" xyp tbtj;ijAila vOj;Jf;

fisf; nfhz;like;jpUg;gJ rpwe;j Xir eaj;ij ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ.

9

]_uj;Jy; /gyf; (mjpfhiy)]_uj;Jy; /gyf; (mjpfhiy)]_uj;Jy; /gyf; (mjpfhiy)]_uj;Jy; /gyf; (mjpfhiy)]_uj;Jy; /gyf; (mjpfhiy)

kf;fP> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP> trdq;fs; : 5kf;fP> trdq;fs; : 5

mstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahDkhfpamstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahDkhfpamstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahDkhfpamstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahDkhfpamstw;w mUshsDk;> epfuw;w md;GilNahDkhfpa

my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;ngauhy; (Jtq;FfpNwd;)my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;ngauhy; (Jtq;FfpNwd;)my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;ngauhy; (Jtq;FfpNwd;)my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;ngauhy; (Jtq;FfpNwd;)my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;ngauhy; (Jtq;FfpNwd;)

113 : 1. (egpNa!) ePu; nrhy;tPuhf ! mjpfhiyapd; ,iwtdplj;jpy;

ehd; fhty; NjLfpNwd;.

113 : 2. mtd; gilj;jtw;wpd; jPq;if tpl;Lk;-

113 : 3. ,Us; guTk; NghJ Vw;gLk; ,utpd; jPq;if tpl;Lk;-

113 : 4. ,d;Dk;> Kbr;Rfspy; (ke;jpupj;J) CJk; ngz;fspd; jPq;if

tpl;Lk;.

113 : 5. nghwhikf;fhud; nghwhik nfhs;Sk; NghJz;lhFk; jPq;if

tpl;Lk; (fhty; NjLfpNwd;).

10

]_uj;Je; eh]; (kdpju;fs;)]_uj;Je; eh]; (kdpju;fs;)]_uj;Je; eh]; (kdpju;fs;)]_uj;Je; eh]; (kdpju;fs;)]_uj;Je; eh]; (kdpju;fs;)




114 : 1. (egpNa!) ePu; $WtPuhf ! kdpju;fspd; ,iwtdplj;jpy; ehd;

fhty; NjLfpNwd;.

114 : 2. (mtNd) kdpju;fspd; murd; @

114 : 3. (mtNd) kdpju;fspd; ehad; @

114 : 4. gJq;fpapUe;J tPz; re;Njfq;fis cz;lhf;Fgtdpd; jPq;if

tpl;Lk; (,iwtdplj;jpy; ehd; fhty; NjLfpNwd;).

114 : 5. mtd; kdpju;fspd; ,jaq;fspy; tPz; re;Njfq;fis

cz;lhf;Ffpwhd;.

114 : 6. (,j;jifNahh;) [pd;fspYk;> kdpjh;fspYk; ,Uf;fpd;wdh;.

11

,yf;fpa eak;,yf;fpa eak;,yf;fpa eak;,yf;fpa eak;,yf;fpa eak;

* 'my;Kmt;tpjjhd;" fz;jpU\;b> #dpak; vd;gtw;wpypUe;J

ghJfhg;Gj; NjLtjw;fhd ]_uhf;fshFk;.

* kf;fP tbtj;jpyike;j kjdP ]_uhf;fs;.

* my;yh`;tpd; UG+gpa;aj;ij vLj;Jf; fhl;Lk; ghq;if nfhz;bUf;

fpd;wJ.

* cs;sq;fspy; re;Njfq;fisf; fpswptpl;L kdq;fisf; Fog;gp

abg;Nghupd; eltbf;iffis i\j;jhdpag; gz;ghfr; rpj;jupf;fp;d;wJ.

* 'ug;Gd; dh];"> 'kypfp;d; dh];"> ',yh p̀;d;dh];" Nghd;w nrhw;fisg;

gad;gLj;jp ,];yhj;jpd; rHtNjr tpahgfj; jd;ikia vLj;Jf;

fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

* tQ;rfk;> nghwhik> #dpak; Nghd;wd nfhba jPikfs; vd;gJ

vLj;jhsg;gLfpd;wJ.

* 'fy;fyh" xyp tbtj;ijf; nfhz;l vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;L

trdq;fs; Kbf;fg;gLtJ rpwe;j Xir eaj;ij ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ.

* ,t;tpU ]_uhf;fSk; K];ypkpd; ghJfhg;G muzhfj; njhopw;gL

fpd;wd.

12

]_uj;Jy; ,/yh]; (Vfj;Jtk;)]_uj;Jy; ,/yh]; (Vfj;Jtk;)]_uj;Jy; ,/yh]; (Vfj;Jtk;)]_uj;Jy; ,/yh]; (Vfj;Jtk;)]_uj;Jy; ,/yh]; (Vfj;Jtk;)




112 : 1. (egpNa!) ePu; $WtPuhf ! my;yh`; xUtNd.

112 : 2. my;yh ;̀ vthplj;Jk; Njitaw;wtd;.

112 : 3. mtd; (vtiuAk;) ngwTkpy;iy @ (vtuhYk;) ngwg;glTkpy;iy.

112 : 4. md;wpAk;> mtDf;F epfuhf vtUk; ,y;iy.


* egp (]y;) mtHfsplk; kf;fh fhgpHfs;> 'ckJ ,iwtidg; gw;wp

tpsf;FtPuhf" vdf; Nfs;tp Nfl;l NghJ ,e;j mj;jpahak; ,wq;fpaJ.

* my;yh`;tpd; gz;Gfis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lk; rpwe;j trd eiliaf;

nfhz;bUf;fp;wJ.

* my;yh`;tpd; jdpj;Jtj;ij ,yf;fpa eaj;NjhL Kd;itf;fpwJ.

* Xireak; ,ioNahLk; ghq;F eaf;fj;jf;fJ.

* tpupe;j nghUis RUq;ff; $Wk; ,yf;fpar; nrwpT fhzg;gLfpwJ.

* ,iwtd; gw;wpa kpfr;rupahdJk; Jy;ypakhdJkhd msT

Nfhy;fisAk; fUj;jpay;fisAk; Kd;itf;fpwJ.

* my;yh ;̀jhd; ,iwtd;; mtd; jdpj;jtd;; <L-,iz mw;wtd; vd;w

fUj;J Mokhf ,ioNahLfpwJ.

* ,];yhj;jpd; Xupiwf; Nfhl;ghlhd jt;`Pij ,yf;fpar; nrwpNthL

Ritahf Kd;itf;fpwJ.

13

]_uj;Jy; fh/gp&d; (fh/gph;fs;)]_uj;Jy; fh/gp&d; (fh/gph;fs;)]_uj;Jy; fh/gp&d; (fh/gph;fs;)]_uj;Jy; fh/gp&d; (fh/gph;fs;)]_uj;Jy; fh/gp&d; (fh/gph;fs;)




109 : 1. (egpNa!) ePh; nrhy;tPuhf ! fh/gph;fNs!

109 : 2. ePq;fs; tzq;Fgtw;iw ehd; tzq;fkhl;Nld;.

109 : 3. ,d;Dk;> ehd; tzq;Ffpwtid ePq;fs; tzq;Ffpwth;fsy;yh;.

109 : 4. md;wpAk;> ePq;fs; tzq;Fgtw;iw ehd; tzq;Fgtdy;yd;.

109 : 5. NkYk;> ehd; tzq;Fgtid ePq;fs; tzq;Fgth;fs; my;yh;.

109 : 6. cq;fSf;F cq;fSila khh;f;fk; @ vdf;F vd;Dila

khh;f;fk;."

14


* egp (]y;) mtHfsplk; fhgpHfs;> 'ePH xU tUlj;jpw;F vkJ flTis

tzq;F. gpd;dH ehk; mLj;j tUlj;jpw;F ckJ flTis

tzq;FNthk;" vd;w nfhs;if tpl;Lf;nfhLg;G cld;ghl;Lf;F egp

(]y;) mtHfis mioj;j NghJ ,;t; mj;jpahak; ,wq;fpaJ.

* ,e;j ]_uhtpy; vJif Nkhid njspthf ,lk;ngWfpwJ.

* mfPjh tplaj;jpy; tpl;Lf;nfhLg;G $lhJ vd typAWj;JfpwJ.

* khHf;fj;ij gyte;jkhfj; jpzpf;ff; $lhJ vd tpsf;FfpwJ

* kjRje;jpuk; Ngzg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd Nfhbl;Lf;fhl;LfpwJ

* nfhs;if cWjpap;d; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czHj;JfpwJ.

155-CM14801

16

]_uj;Jy; my/f; (,uj;jf;fl;b)]_uj;Jy; my/f; (,uj;jf;fl;b)]_uj;Jy; my/f; (,uj;jf;fl;b)]_uj;Jy; my/f; (,uj;jf;fl;b)]_uj;Jy; my/f; (,uj;jf;fl;b)




96 : 1. ahtw;iwAk; gilj;j ck;Kila ,iwtdpd; jpUehkj;ijf;

nfhz;L XJtPuhf.

96 : 2. 'myf;" vd;w epiyapypUe;J kdpjid gilj;jhd;.

96 : 3. XJtPuhf ! ck; ,iwtd; khngUk; nfhilahsp.

96 : 4. mtNd vOJ Nfhiyf; nfhz;L fw;Wf;nfhLj;jhd;.

96 : 5. kdpjDf;F mtd; mwpahjtw;iwnay;yhk; fw;Wf;nfhLj;jhd;.

96 : 6. vdpDk; epr;rakhf kdpjd; tuk;G kPWfpwhd;.

96 : 7. mtd; jd;id (,iwtdplkpUe;J) Njitaw;wtd; vd;W fhZk;

NghJ>

96 : 8. epr;rakhf mtd; kPSjy; ck;Kila ,iwtd;ghNy ,Uf;fpwJ.

96 : 9. jil nra;fpwhNd (mtid) ePh; ghh;j;jPuh?

96 : 10. Xh; mbahiu - mtu; njhOk;NghJ>

96 : 11. ePh; ghh;j;jPuh? mth; Neh;topapy; ,Ue;J nfhz;Lk;>

96 : 12. my;yJ mth; gagf;jpiaf; nfhz;L VtpathW ,Ue;Jk;>

96 : 13. mtiu mtd; ngha;ahf;fp> Kfj;ijj; jpUg;gpf; nfhz;lhd;

vd;gij ePh; ghh;j;jPuh?

96 : 14. epr;rakhf my;yh`; (mtidg;) ghh;f;fpwhd; vd;gij mtd;

mwpatpy;iyah?

17

* Kjy; t`P

* J}Jj;Jtj;jpd; Muk;gk;

* fy;tpap;d; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; czHj;jg;gLfpwJ

* fy;tpAld; Md;kPfk; ,iztjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vLj;Jf; fhl;lg;gL

fpwJ

* gilg;ghsd;jhd; ,iwtd;@ mtd;jhd; ,iwtd; vd;gJ epUgpf;fg;

gLfp;wJ

* mwptpd; mbg;gil %yk; ,iwtd;jhd; vd;gJ giwrhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ

* kdpjd; gilf;fg;gl;l mjprak; mw;Gjkhf tpsf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

* vOj;Jk;> thrpg;Gk; mwptp;d; mbg;gil vd milahsg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

* vJif> Nkhid Ngzg;gLfpd;wJ

* tpup;e;j nghUis RUq;ff;$Wk; ,yf;fpar; nrwpT ,ioNahLfpwJ.

96 : 15. mg;gbay;y> mtd; tpyfpf; nfhs;stpy;iyahdhy;> epr;rakhf

ehk; (mtDila) Kd;ndw;wp Nuhkj;ijg; gpbj;J mtid

,ONghk;.

96 : 16. jtwpioj;J ngha;Aiuf;Fk; Kd;ndw;wp Nuhkj;ij>

96 : 17. MfNt mtd; jd; rigNahiu miof;fl;Lk;.

96 : 18. ehKk; euff; fhtyh;fis miog;Nghk;.

96 : 19. (mtd; $WtJ Nghyy;y@) mtDf;F ePh; topglhjPh; @ (ck;

,iwtDf;F) ]{[{J nra;J (tzq;fp mtid) neUq;FtPuhf.

18

mwG nkhop

4-CM14801

18

nrhw;fs; (tpid)> (,ilr;nrhy;)> (ngaH) vd

3 Mf tifg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

mwG nkhopapy; ngaHr;nrhw;fSf;F rpy jdpahd ,yf;fzq;fs;

cs;sd.

nghJthf ngaHr; nrhy;ypd; milahskhf mjd; ,Wjpapy; jd;tPd;

,lk;ngWk;.

fs; jpiz> ghy; mbg;gilapy; gpd;tUkhW tFf;fg;gLk;.

01. Mz;ghy;

02. ngz;ghy;

ngaHr; nrhw;fs;

capUs;sJ - c-k; :capuw;wJ - c-k; : capUs;sit - c-k;:

Mz;ghy;

cau;jpizm‚wpiz

19

Fwpg;G :-

nghJthf ngaHr; nrhw;fspd; ,Wjpapy; vd;w tbtpyhd

vOj;J ,lk;ngWk; NghJ ngz;ghy; nrhy;yhff; fzpf;fg;gLk;.

,e;j vOj;J vd;W miof;fg;gLk;.

mwGnkhop tof;fpy; ,ul;il cWg;Gf;fs; midj;Jk; ngz;ghyhff;

fzpf;fg;gLk;.

caHjpizapy; ngz;ghy; nrhw;fs; midj;Jk; tpdhy;milahsg;gLj;jg;glj; Njitapy;iy.

20

gpd;tUk; nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L ml;ltizfis epug;Gf.

01.01.01.01.01.

Mz;ghy;

m/wpiz

cah; jpiz

capUs;sJ capuw;wJ

02.02.02.02.02.

ngz;ghy;

m/wpiz

caHjpiz ,ul;il mwGnkhop

capUs;sJ capuw;wJ cWg;Gfs; tof;F

gapw;rpgapw;rpgapw;rpgapw;rpgapw;rp

gpd;tUk; nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L ml;ltizfis epug;Gf.

01.

02.

21

Fwpg;gpl;lNjhH ,lj;ijNah> egiuNah,lj;ijNah> egiuNah,lj;ijNah> egiuNah,lj;ijNah> egiuNah,lj;ijNah> egiuNah Fwpj;Jf;fhl;l toq;fg;gLk;

ngaiu ,J Fwpf;Fk;.

c - k; :c - k; :c - k; :c - k; :c - k; :

vd;w mikg;gpy; tUk; ,LFwpg;ngaHfspd; ,Wjpapy;

ngaHr;nrhy;Yf;fhd nghJ milahskhd jd;tPd; ,lk;ngwkhl;lhJ.

c–k;:

ngz;fSf;fhd ngaHfspd; ,WjpapYk; jd;tPd; ,lk;ngwhJ. c-k;:

,lk;ngwf; $ba Mz;fSf;fhd ngaHfspYk; jd;tP;d;

,lk;ngwhJ.

c-k;:

,LFwpg;ngaH

22

gpd;tUtdtw;wpypUe;J ,LFwpg; ngaHfis ,dk;fhz;f.

23

ngaHr; nrhw;fis tifg;gLj;Jk; topfspy; xd;W.

ngaHr; nrhy;ypd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,ize;jpUe;jhy; mJ

vdg;gLk;.

ngaHr; nrhy;ypd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,y;yhjpUe;jhy; mJ

vdg;gLk;.

tbtpyhd nrhw;fs; nghJg;gilahd fUj;ijf; nfhLf;Fk;.

tbtpyhd nrhw;fs; Fwpg;ghd fUj;ijf; nfhLf;Fk;.

tbtpyhd nrhw;fspd; ,Wjpapy; jd;tPd; ,lk;ngWk;.

tbtpyhd nrhw;fspd; ,Wjpapy; jd;tPd; ,lk;ngwkhl;lhJ.

,LFwpg; ngaHfs; vg;NghJk; thfNt fzpf;fg;gLk;.

(VNjh) xU Nkir (a desk)

(VNjh) xU Fjpiu (a horse)

(VNjh) xU rpWtd; (a boy)

24

ngaHr; nrhw;fis thrpf;Fk; KiwfSs; xd;W

ngaHr; nrhy;ypy; ,izAk; NghJ Kjy; vOj;ijg; nghWj;J

thrpf;Fk; Kiw NtWgLk;.

mwGnkhopapd; 28 mupr;RtLfSk; vdg;gLk;.

14 vOj;Jf;fs; cr;rupg;igAk; 14 vOj;Jf;fs; cr;rupg;igAk; nfhz;like;Js;sd.

Mfpad

cr;rupg;Gf;fhd vOj;Jf;fshFk;. ,it vdg;gLk;.

Mfpad

cr;rupg;Gf;fhd vOj;Jf;fshFk;. ,it

vdg;gLk;.

vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;L Muk;gpf;Fk; ngaHr; nrhw;fspy;

,izAk; NghJ ,d; nkhopjy; njspthf ,lk;ngWk;.

vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;L Muk;gpf;Fk; ngaHr; nrhw;fspy;

,izAk; NghJ ,d; nkhopj;jy; kiwf;fg;gl;L ngaHr;

nrhy;ypd; Muk;g vOj;Jf;F nra;J thrpf;fg;gLk;.

Fwpg;G :- Mfpa nrhw;fspy; ,izAk; NghJ

gpd;tUkhW thrpf;fg;gLk;.

25

kw;Wk; ,lk;ngWfpd;w nrhw;fs;mlq;fpa gl;banyhd;iwj; jahup;f;Ff.

gapw;rp -gapw;rp -gapw;rp -gapw;rp -gapw;rp -

26

ngaHr; nrhw;fspd; tiffSs; xd;W

ngaHr; nrhw;fspd; ghy;> ,l NtWghl;ilr; Fwpj;Jf;fhl;l ,J

gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

k/upgh tifg; ngaHr; nrhy;yhFk;

Rl;Lg; ngah;Rl;Lg; ngah;Rl;Lg; ngah;Rl;Lg; ngah;Rl;Lg; ngah;

27

itg; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW :

,J ,J ,J ,J ,J xU nfhg;gp -

,J,J,J,J,J xU fhfk; -----

,td; ,td; ,td; ,td; ,td; xU rpWtd; -

,J ,J ,J ,J ,J xU kuk; -

,J ,J ,J ,J ,J xU gR/ khL -----

,ts;,ts;,ts;,ts;,ts; xU ngz; -----

mJ mJ mJ mJ mJ xU kiy -----

mJ mJ mJ mJ mJ xU G+id -----

mtd; mtd; mtd; mtd; mtd; xU kdpjd;; ;; ; -----

mJ mJ mJ mJ mJ xU Nuh[h kyH -

mJ mJ mJ mJ mJ xU jPf;Nfhop -

mts; mts; mts; mts; mts; xU Atjp -

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5

.6

.7

.8

.9

.10

.11

.12

28

thf;fpaq;fis tpdhthf khw;Wtjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

m/wpiz trdj;Jf;fhd Nfs;tpf;FwpahfTk; caHjpiz

trdj;Jf;fhd Nfs;tpf;FwpahfTk; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

vd;gJ> ‘vd;d’ ‘vJ’ ‘vit’ ‘ahit’ Nghd;w mHj;jq;fisf;

Fwpf;Fk;

vd;gJ ‘ahH’ ‘vtH’ vd;w mHj;jq;fisf; Fwpf;Fk;.

vd;gd thf;fpaj;ij tpdhthf;Fk;

Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;L ,lk;ngw;w tpdh thf;fpaj;Jf;fhd

tpil my;yJ vd;W mikjy; Ntz;Lk;.

tpdh thf;fpak;tpdh thf;fpak;tpdh thf;fpak;tpdh thf;fpak;tpdh thf;fpak;

29

gpd;tUk; ,ilntspfis Mfpa nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L

epug;Gf.

gapw;rpgapw;rpgapw;rpgapw;rpgapw;rp -----

30

mil ngaiuj; njhlH;e;J ,lk;ngWk;

vd;gJ miliaAk;> ngaiuAk; Fwpf;Fk;

ghy; epiyapYk; capHf; FwpaPl;bYk; ,d;

epiyiaNa Vw;Fk;.

MdJ thf ,Ue;jhy; ck; thf tUk;.

MdJ thf ,Ue;jhy; ck; thf tUk;.

ngah; milngah; milngah; milngah; milngah; mil

31

ngaiuf; nfhz;L Muk;gpf;Fk; Kw;Wg; ngw;w thf;fpaq;fNs

,g;ngaupdhy; miof;fg;gLk;.

thf;fpaj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,lk;ngWk; NghJ thfNt

,Uf;Fk;

itj; njhlHe;J tUk; xU nrhy;yhfNth my;yJ

xU thf;fpakhfNth mikayhk;.

Tk; Tk; Tk; Tk; Tk; ck; ghy; epiyapy; xj;JtUk;.

milg;Gf; Fwpf;Fs; cs;s nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L

,ilntspfis epug;Gf.

vOtha; gadpiyvOtha; gadpiyvOtha; gadpiyvOtha; gadpiyvOtha; gadpiy


6-CM14801

32

clikiaf; Fwpf;fg; gpd;gw;wg;gLk; nrhy; ,izg;G vdg;

ngaHnfhz;L miof;fg;gLk;.

clikahf;fg;gLtjw;fhf ,izf;fg;gLtJ vdTk;clik vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

,izg;gpd; NghJ Kjyhtjhf ,lk;ngWk; nrhy; vdTk;

,uz;lhtjhf ,lk;ngWk; nrhy; vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;

Mf ,izf;fg;gLk; ngaHr; nrhy; kw;Wk; jd;tP;d;

,d;wp ,lk;ngWk;

k[;&uhd epiyapy; cr;rupg;igg; ngWk;.

c-k;:-

(rpWtdpd; if)

(xU kuj;jpd; fpis)

(ahidapd; Jk;gpf; if)

Mf Tk; ,lk;ngwyhk; mNjNghy Mf

Tk; ,lk;ngwyhk;.

c-k;:-

(rpWtdpd; if gykpf;fJ)(rpWtdpd; if gykpf;fJ)(rpWtdpd; if gykpf;fJ)(rpWtdpd; if gykpf;fJ)(rpWtdpd; if gykpf;fJ)

(mwpT K/kpdpd; jtwpg;Nghd nghUshFk;)(mwpT K/kpdpd; jtwpg;Nghd nghUshFk;)(mwpT K/kpdpd; jtwpg;Nghd nghUshFk;)(mwpT K/kpdpd; jtwpg;Nghd nghUshFk;)(mwpT K/kpdpd; jtwpg;Nghd nghUshFk;)

33

nghUj;jkhd nrhy;iyf; nfhz;L ,ilntsp epug;gp capHf; FwpaPL

,Lf.


34

mwG nkhopapy; ngaHr; nrhw;fs; vz; mbg;gilapy; xUik

,Uik gd;ik vd tifg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,Uikf;fhd milahsk; xUikr; nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; NrHe;J

tUk;.

c-k;:

(,U tUlq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)

,Uikapy; fPo; tUk; tbtj;jpy; ,lk;ngWk;.

mwG nkhopapy; ngaHr; nrhw;fs; vz; mbg;gilapy; xUik > ,Uik

> gd;ik vd tifg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,Uikf;fhd milahsk; xUikr; nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; NrHe;J tUk;.

c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;




c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;

mwG nkhopapy; ngaHr; nrhw;fs; vz; mbg;gilapy; xUik > > ,Uik



c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;


> > gd;ik vd tifg;gLj;jg;gLk;.


c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;




c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;




c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;




c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;




c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;

35

%d;W tiffshFk;




c-k;:

(,U trdq;fs;)

(,U fhJfs;)

(,U ez;gHfs;)


%d;W tiffshFk;

Kjyhk; tifapy; ,lk;ngwf;$bait caHjpiz Mz;ghy;

gd;ikahFk;.

o mit Mfpa ,U vOj;Jf;fis khj;jpuk; nrhw;fspd;

,Wjpapy; Vw;W rPuhd Kiwapy; mikAk;.

o f;fs; caH jpiz gd;ik tbtj;ijg; ngWk;

NghJ vd;wthW ,lk;ngWk; (m/wpizg;

gd;ikapy; vk;khw;wj;ijAk; milahJ).

,uz;lhk; tifapy; ,lk;ngwf;$bait ngz;ghy; gd;ikfshFk;.

o ngz;ghy; nrhy;nyhd;wpd; ,Wjpapy; xNu xOq;fpy;

,id Vw;W tUk;.

36

gpd;tUk; trdq;fspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s gd;ikr; nrhw;fis tifg;gLj;Jf.


gapw;rpgpd;

,ilr; nrhw;fspy; xU tif

ngaHr;nrhw;fSf;F Kd;dhy; ,lk;ngWk; NghJ mr;nrhy;ypd; ,Wjp ùfj;

ngw;W tUk;

,y; mlq;Fk; nrhw;fspy; rpy gp;tUkhW:

kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

37


ngaHr;nrhw;fSf;F Kd;dhy; ,lk;ngWk; NghJ mr;nrhy;ypd;

,Wjp ùfj; ngw;W tUk;


Ftis Nkir kPJkPJkPJkPJkPJ ,Uf;fpwJ

gzk; rl;ilg; igapyyyyy; cs;sJ

Gfo; my;yh ;̀Tf;FupaJFupaJFupaJFupaJFupaJ

cz;ik Rtdj;jpw;Fjpw;Fjpw;Fjpw;Fjpw;F ,l;Lr;

nry;Yk;

mjpgH mYtyfj;jpypUe;JypUe;JypUe;JypUe;JypUe;J

ntspNawpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhH

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


- kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

38


vd;gd ,t;tif nrhw;fshFk;

,it it Tk; I Tk;Vw;W tur; nra;Ak;.

vd;w nrhy; "epr;rak;" vd;w fUj;ijf; nfhLf;Fk;.

vd;w nrhy; "vd;W / vd;w / vd;gJ / vd;gij" f; Fwpf;Fk;.

"epr;rakw;w" (vdpDk; / ,Ug;gpDk;) vd;w mHj;jj;ij

toq;Fk;

vd;w nrhy; "Nghy" vd;w mHj;jj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk;.

vd;w nrhy; "vjpHghHf;if" (,Uf;f Ntz;LNk!) vd;w

mHj;jj;ijf; nfhLf;Fk;.

vd;w nrhy; "rhj;jpakhd vjpHghHf;if" vd;w mHj;jj;ijf;

Fwpf;Fk;

epr;rakhf my;yh ;̀ mofhdtd;

ckJ je;ij gazpf;fpwhH vd;gij mwpe;Njd;.

`hkpj; xU tPud; vdpDk; mtdJ ez;gd;

xU Nfhio

Kfk; epyitg; Nghd;wJ.

khiyapy; kio nga;a Ntz;lhNkh !

khztd; guPl;irapy; rpj;jpaila Ntz;LNk!

gapw;rpgpd;



ngw;W tUk;


kPJ

y

FupaJ

jpw;F

ypUe;J

39

gpd;tUk;; trdq;fSf;F fisg; gad;gLj;jp capH

FwpaPL ,l;L vOJf.


40

trdq;fspy; ,lk;ngWk;.

,jd; NghJ Tf;F Tk; ,w;FTk; ,l;L thrpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.

Nghd;wd

tifapy; mlq;Fk;.

41

xU nraypd; jd;ikiaAk; mjd; tpgupg;gjw;fhfg;

gad;gLj;jg;gLk; ngaHr;nrhy; vdg;gLk;. ,J ,lg;gl;L thrpf;fg;gLk;

Riykhd; rpupj;Jf;nfhz;L te;jhH

eha; tpiuthf XbaJ

je;ij mikjpahf cl;fhHe;jpUe;jhH

vjpup Njhy;tpNahL jpUk;gpdhd;

Nehahsp Jauj;NjhL J}q;fpdhd;

xU nraypd; jd;ikiaAk; mjd; tpgupg;gjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;

ngaHr;nrhy; vdg;gLk;.

,J ,lg;gl;L thrpf;fg;gLk;


eha; tpiuthf XbaJ




tpidiaf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fs; vdg;gLk;

jd;tPid Vw;fhJ

fhyj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ,we;jfhy tpid vdTk;>

epfo;fhy tpid vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;

Vty; vd miof;fg;gLk;.

(ADVERB)





eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ








eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ




42


jd;tPid Vw;fhJ

fhyj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ,we;jfhy tpid vdTk;> epfo;fhy tpid vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;






eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ




VERB





eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ








eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ








eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ

fhyj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ,we;jfhy tpid vvdTk;>







eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ








eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ








eha; tpiuthf XbaJ





jd;tPid Vw;fhJ




43

muGnkhop trdf; fl;likg;gpy; Kd;djhfTk;

mLj;J ,lk;ngWtJk; rpwg;ghdjhFk;.

vg;NghJk; epiyia Vw;WtUk;.

,e;j trdf; fl;likg;G xOq;fpy; ,d; ghy;

epiyf;F Vw;g ,lk;ngwy; Ntz;Lk;.

,l NtWghL> vz; NtWghLfSf;fika gy;NtW

khw;wq;FSf;Fl;gLk;. (ml;ltiziag; ghHf;f)








ghy; ghy; ghy; ghy; ghy; / ,lk; ,lk; ,lk; ,lk; ,lk;vz;vz;vz;vz;vz;

glHf;if

Kd;dpiy

jd;ik

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

glHf;if

nrag;gL nghUs;)

Kd;dpiy

nrag;gL nghUs;)

;jd;ik

nrag;gL nghUs;)

muGnkhop trdf; fl;likg;gpy; Kd;djhfTk; mLj;J

,lk;ngWtJk; rpwg;ghdjhFk;.


,e;j trdf; fl;likg;G xOq;fpy; ,d; ghy; epiyf;F

Vw;g ,lk;ngwy; Ntz;Lk;.


khw;wq;fSf;Fl;gLk;. (ml;ltiziag; ghHf;f)


















































‘’

44

trdf; fl;likg;gpy; ‘I’ cUig Vw;WtUk; ngaHr; nrhy;yhd

nrag;gLnghUs; vdg;gLk;

mwGnkhopapd; mbg;gil trdf; fl;likg;gpd; gb tpidiaf;

nfhz;L Muk;gpf;fpd;w trdq;fspy; nrag;gLnghUs; I

mLj;J tUk;

MdJ milahsj;ijg; ngWk;.

Mf ,lk;ngWk; ngaHr;nrhy; thf ,lk;

ngWkhdhy; mr;nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; ,izf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Mf ,lk;ngWk; ngaHr;nrhy; ngz;ghYf;fhd

milahskhd itf; nfhz;bUg;gpd; mjw;F jd;tPd;

milahskpl;L thrpj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

Mf ,lk;ngWk; ngaHr;nrhy; ,Uikahf

,lk;ngWkhhy; mr;nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; ,izf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

Mf ,lk;ngWk; ngaHr;nrhy; Mf

,lk;ngWkhdhy; mr;nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; ,izf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

Mf ,lk;ngWk; ngaHr;nrhy; Mf

,lk;ngWkhdhy; mr;nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; ,izf;f

Ntz;Lk;. ,Wjpapy; tUk; Tf;F ,l;L thrpf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

nrag;gL nghUs;)

(Object - nrag;gL nghUs;)

45

01. gpd;tUk; nrhw;fis Mf tUk; tpjkhf

thf;fpaq;fs; mikf;Ff.

02. fPwpl;l ,lq;fis milg;Gf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; nghUj;jkhd

nrhy;iy itj;J ,ilntsp epug;Gf.

47

my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJk;> nrtpkLfpd;wNghJk; Ngz Ntz;ba xOq;F Kiwfs; :

1. my;Fh;Mid XJk; NghJ KbAkhd msT fpg;yhit Kd;Ndhf;fp

,Uj;jy;.

2. my;Fh;Mid fz;zpag;gLj;Jtjw;fhf> J}a;ikahf ,Uf;f

Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf kp];thf; nra;J nfhs;sy;.

3. rpwpa> nghpa mRj;jq;fspypUe;J Jg;guT nra;J nfhs;sy;.

4. cly;> cil> ,lk; midj;Jk; J}a;ikahf ,Uf;f itj;jy;.

5. my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ cs;sr;rj;JlDk; ey;y

rpe;jidAlDk; rpe;jpj;J XJjy;.

6. my;Fh;Mid XJgthpd; cs;sj;jpy; XJfpd;w tplaq;fisf;

fz;Kd;Nd nfhz;Ltur; nra;J> XJfpd;w tplaq;fs; mthpNy

jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. mNj Neuj;jpy; cs;sj;jpy; NtW

tplaq;fSf;Nfh> kNdh ,r;irfSf;Nfh ,lkspf;fhky;

ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;sTk; Ntz;Lk;.

7. my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ ,dpikahd FuYld; kpf mofhd

Kiwapy; Xj KbAkhdsT Kaw;rpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

8. my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ rphpg;gjpNyh> tPz; tpisahl;Lf;

fspNyh <Lglhky; ,Uj;jy;. mj;Jld; tPz; nray;fspy;

ghh;itiar; nrYj;jhky; jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;F Kd;G mCJ> gp];kpy; $wp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,J my;Fh;MdpYs;s thh;j;ijahf ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gjpdhy; ,jidj;

njhOifapy; rj;jkhf Xj KbahJ. Mdhy; tpUk;gpath;fs; ,ufrpakhf

Xjpf;nfhs;tjpy; jtwpy;iy.

NkYk; mCJ XJtJ th[pgh? my;yJ MFkhdjh? vd;gjpy;

fUj;J NtWghLfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

48

NkYk; mCJ gpy;yh`p kpd\; i\j;jhdph; u[Pk; vd;gJ xU

rhjhuz trdkhFk;. vd;whYk; mJ fUj;J hPjpapy; gpuhh;j;jidAila

fUj;jpy; te;Js;sJ. mjhtJ vd;id i\j;jhdpd; jPq;FfspypUeJ

ghJfhg;ghahf vd;gjhFk;. me;j tifapy; mjid Xjpf;nfhs;tJ

rpwe;jjhFk;.

mCJ gpy;yh p̀ kpd\; i\j;jhdph; u[Pk; vd;gij ,uz;L ,lq;fspy;

gfpuq;fkhf XJtJ rpwe;jJ.

1. my;Fh;Mid rj;jkhf XJk; rkaj;jpYk; mjidr; nrtpkLj;Jf;

nfhz;bUf;fpd;w rkaj;jpYk; XJtJ.

2. my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w fhhp rpwe;j Kiwapy; xU rigapy;

fpuhmj;ij Muk;gpj;J itf;fpd;w NghJk; XJtJ.

mCJ mikjpahf Xj Ntz;ba ,lq;fs; :

1. my;Fh;Mid rj;jkpd;wp jdpikapy; XJk; NghJ.

2. xUth; my;Fh;Midr; rj;jkpl;L XJk; NghJ gpwh; mtuJ

fpuhmj;ijr; nrtpkLf;fhj NghJ.

3. njhOifapy; ,khkhf my;yJ k/%khf my;yJ jdpikahf

,Uf;Fk; NghJk;.

4. xU $l;lj;jpw;F kj;jpapy; my;Fh;Mid XUtUk; mCijf;

$wp Xjp Muk;gpj;J itf;fhj rkaj;jpYk;> rigapy; ,Uf;fpd;w

xt;nthUtUk; jkf;Fs; mCij mikjpahf Xjpf;nfhs;syhk;.

49

j[;tPj;> fpuhmj; fiy Njhw;wk;

`jP]; fiy Gj;jf tbtpy; cUthfpa fhyg;gFjpapy; jhd; fpuhmj;

fiy Njhw;wk; ngw;wJ. Kjd;Kjypy; ,f;fiyiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jth; myP

fyPy; ,g;D m`;kj; my; guh`pjp vd;gth; vd;Wk;> mGy; m];tJy;

Jtyp vd;gth; vd;Wk;> mg+ cigj; my;fh]pk; ,g;D ]yhk; vd;gth;

vd;Wk; gy fUj;Jf;fs; epyTfpd;wd. ,Ue;jhYk; ,khk; mg+ cigj;

my;fh]pk; ,g;D ]yhk; vd;gth;khd; ,f;fiyia Muk;gj;jpy;

mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; vd ek;gj;jFe;j mwpQh;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;.

,f;fiy cUthFtjw;F mbg;gilf; fhuzk; cyfj;jpy; ,];yhkpa

,uh[;[paq;fs; cUthfpa NghJ mwG nkhop njhpahj mjpfkhd

K];ypk;fs; ,Ue;jdh;. mjdhy; ,th;fsJ nkhop> mwG nkhopAld;

fye;J Ngrg;gl;lJ. mwG nkhopapy; fyg;G nkhop Vw;gl;ljdhy; mwG

nkhopapy; nkhopfpd;wth;fs; thh;j;ijfisr; rhpahf nkhoptjw;Nfh>

my;Fh;Mid rhpahf XjNth Kbahj epiyapy; fhzg;gl;ldh;. ,jid

kdjpy; nfhz;l ,];yhkpa rhk;uh[;a MSeh;fs; kf;fshy; my;Fh;Md;

gpioahf nkhopag;gLtijg; gae;j> ,jpypUe;J my;Fh;Mdpd; Gdpjj;J

tj;ijg; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhf gy Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhz;ldh;.

md;W ,e;j my;Fh;Mdpw;F ve;jg; Gs;spfSk; ùfj;Jf;fSk; itf;fg;

gl;bUf;ftpy;iy. ,e;jf; fhuzj;ij itj;Jj;jhd; ,f;fiy Njhw;W

tpf;fg;gl;lJ.

,f;fiyapy; fpuhmj; njhlh;ghd tphpthd mwpTfisAk; fiyfisAk;

`p[;hp 846 Mk; Mz;by; kuzpj;j mg+ ckh; `g;]; ,g;D ckh;

my;J`;ypa;ap vd;gth; jhd; Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;.

my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ %d;W Kiwg;gb Xj KbAk;.

mit jh;jPy;> jj;tPh;> `j;h; vd;gdthFk;.

1. jh;jPy; jh;jPy; jh;jPy; jh;jPy; jh;jPy; vd;gJvd;gJvd;gJvd;gJvd;gJ

mjhtJ my;Fh;MDf;Fhpa j[;tPj; rl;lq;fisg; Ngzp mjd;

fUj;Jf;fis cs;thq;fp> kd tpUg;gj;JlDk; mikjpNahLk; Xjg;gLfpd;w

epiyf;F jh;jPy; vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ.

50

2. jj;tPh; jj;tPh; jj;tPh; jj;tPh; jj;tPh; vd;gJvd;gJvd;gJvd;gJvd;gJ

mikjpahf mtrukpd;wp eLj;jukhd epiyapypUe;J j[;tPj;

rl;lq;fisg; Ngzp XJfpd;w mikg;gpw;F jj;tPh; vd;W $wg;gL

fpd;wJ.

3. `j;h; vd;gJ`j;h; vd;gJ`j;h; vd;gJ`j;h; vd;gJ`j;h; vd;gJ

j[;tPj; rl;lq;fisg; Ngzp my;Fh;Mid tpiuthf XJfpd;w

mikg;gpw;F `j;h; vd;W $wg;gLfpd;wJ.

my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ ftdj;jpw; nfhz;L tu Ntz;bait:

(i) my;yh`{j;jMyh vkf;F my;Fh;Mid VO fpuhmj; Kiwg;gb

XJtjw;F mDkjpj;Js;shd;. vd;whYk; ehk; my;Fh;Mid

XJfpd;w NghJ '`g;];" fpuhmj; Kiwg;gbj;jhd; Xj Ntz;Lk;.

(ii) my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ cWjpahd vz;zj;Jld;

gagf;jpAld; ,Ue;J Xj Ntz;Lk;.

(iii) my;yh`{j;jMyh jdJ J}juhd K`k;kj; (]y;) mth;fSf;F

my;Fh;Mid ey;y MirAlDk; J}a;ikahd vz;zj;JlDk;

mjd; fUj;Jf;fs; jdJ cs;sj;jpy; gjpaf;$ba KiwapNy

Xj Ntz;Lnkdf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shd;. mjdhy; ehKk; mt;thW

Xj Kw;gLtJ mtrpakhFk;.

ehk; my;Fh;Mid jpwikahfTk;> mjd; Ra tbtj;jpYk; XJtjw;F

mjd; vOj;Jf;fis cr;rhpf;fpd;w cr;rhpg;G KiwfisAk; j[;tPj; rl;l

tpjpfisAk; Ngzp XJtjw;Fj; Njitahd gapw;rpfisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tJk;

,d;wpaikahjjhFk;.

,g;gapw;rpfisg; ngwhky; j[;tPj; rl;lq;fis khj;jpuk; gbj;jhy;

my;Fh;Midr; rhpahd Kiwapy; XJtjw;Fhpa Mw;wiyg; ngw KbahJ

vd;gJ vy;NyhhpdhYk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;glf;$ba tplakhFk;.

NkYk; ehk; my;Fh;Mid Rakhf XJtijg; Nghd;W kw;wth;fs;

XJtijAk; nrtpkLf;f Ntz;Lk;. u]{y; (]y;) mth;fSk; $l ,g;D

k];Cj; (wop) mth;fis Nehf;fp> vdf;F my;Fh;Mid Xjpf; fhz;gpAq;fs;

vd;W $Wthh;fs;. mg;NghJ ,g;D k];Cj; (uop) mth;fs; u]{y; (]y;)

mth;fisg; ghh;j;J> cq;fSf;F my;Fh;Md; ,wf;fg;gl;Lf;nfhz;bUf;fpd;w

rkaj;jpy; ehd; Xjpf; fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lkh? vd tpdtpa NghJ egp (]y;)

mth;fs; ehd; gpwh; my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ ehd; nrtpkLg;gij

51

tpUk;Gfpd;Nwd; vdg; gjpyspj;jhh;fs;. ,e;epfo;tpd; %yk; my;Fh;Mid

,d;ndhUth; XJk; NghJ nrtpkLg;gJ ]{d;dj;jhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

NkYk; gpwh; XJtijr; nrtpkLg;gjpy; mjpf gpuNahrdk; cz;L.

gpwh; my;Fh;Mid XJtijr; nrtpkLg;gJ> my;Fh;Mid tpsq;Ftjw;Fk;>

rpe;jpg;gjw;Fk;> Muha;tjw;Fk; kpf cjtpahfTk; nghUj;jkhdjhfTk;

mikfpd;wJ.

nghJthf my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;wth;fs;> XJfpd;w tplaj;jpYk;

rl;lq;fisg; Ngzp Xj Ntz;Lnkd;w tplaj;jpYk;> $Ljyhf mf;fiw

fhl;Ltjdhy;> XJfpd;w tplaq;fis Muha;tjw;F re;jh;g;gq;fs; fpilg;gJ

kpff; FiwthFk;. Fwpg;ghf njhOifapYk; $l ,khKila fpuhmj;jpd;

%yk; k/%k;fs; jhd; $ba gpuNahrdk; ngw tha;g;G fpilf;fpd;wJ.

mNj Nghd;W fpuhmj;ij rhpahd Kiwapy; fw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;

vd;w tifapy; fpuhmj;jpy; Njh;r;rp ngw;w egpj; Njhoh;fspy; Fwpg;ghf

mg;Jy;yh`; ,g;D k];Cj;> ]hkpk;> k`hj;> cig ,g;D f/g; Mfpa

4 Ngh;fsplkpUe;J jhd; ,e;j fpuhmj; rl;lq;fisg; gbj;Jf; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lnkd> md;W u#y; (]y;) mth;fs; egpj; Njhoh;fSf;Ff;

Fwpg;gpl;bUe;j ,f;fUj;ij ̀ jP]; fiy mwpQh;fsJ Gj;jfq;fspy; fhz

Kbfpd;wJ.

j[;tPj; vd;w mwGg; gjj;ijg; gw;wpa Fwpg;G

j[;tPj; vd;w mwGg; gjk; moFgLj;jy; vd;w fUj;ijf; nfhLf;fpd;wJ.

NkYk; j[;tPj; vd;gJ my;Fh;Mid rhpahf cr;rhpj;J> ePl;b> epWj;jp>

mjd; rl;l tpjpfisg; Ngzp jpwikahf XJtjw;Ff; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;w

xU nrhy;yhFk;.

,jd; gpujhd Nehf;fk;

Fh;Md; XJfpd;w rkaj;jpy; jtWfs; Vw;glhky; mjidr; rhpahf

Xjp> tpsq;fp> cyfpYk; kWikapYk; <Nlw;wj;ijg; ngWtjw;F topfhl;bahf

vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjhFk;.

52

,f;fiyiaf; fw;gJ gh;O fpghahthf ,Ue;jhYk; mjid j[;tPj;

Kiwg;gb XJtJ gh;O ma;dhff; fzpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J rl;lf;fiy

ty;Yeh;fspd; VNfhgpj;j KbthFk;. gh;O fpghah vd;gJ Fwpg;gpl;l xUrpyh;>

kw;wth;fsJ flik ePq;fptpLfpd;wJ. gh;O ma;d; vd;why; midj;J

K];ypk;fSk; fl;lhakhfr; nra;a Ntz;ba flikahFk;. me;j tifapy;

midj;J K];ypk;fSk; my;Fh;Mid j[;tPj; Kiwg;gb XJtJ fl;lhaf;

flikahFk;.

,f;fiyapYs;s rl;l tpjpfspy; kpf gpujhdkhdJ R$d;

nra;ag;gl;Ls;s E}Dila rl;lq;fSk; jd;tPDila rl;lq;fSkhFk;.

,jd; rpwg;G

,J my;Fh;MDld; njhlh;ghd xU fiyahf ,Ug;gjdhy; ,JnthU

rpwg;ghd cah;e;j fiyahFk;. ,jidf; fw;why; my;Fh;Mid mjd; Ra

tbtj;jpy; mofhf Xj KbAk;.

NkYk; ,jd; %ykhf mNefkhd ed;ikfisg; ngw;w> tho;f;ifiar;

rPuhf;fpf;nfhs;sTk; toptFf;Fk;.

jd;tPd; vd;gJ

vOj;J tbtj;jpy; ,y;yhky; nkhopjy; tbtj;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;w E}dhFk;.

,e;j E}id ,d;ndhU nrhy;Yld; Nrh;j;J nkhopAk; NghJ me;j jd;tPid

itj;J nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. nkhopjy; tbtj;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;w E}Df;F

cjhuzk; me;E}id epWj;jp nkhopfpd;w NghJ jd;tPd;

,y;yhky; nkhopag;gLk;.

(fpjhgh – fpjhg; ) vd;W nkhopag;gLk;.

j[;tPj; fiyapy; fw;f Ntz;ba Kf;fpa tplaq;fs;

,jpy; Kf;fpakhf ehd;F tplaq;fisf; fw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

1. vOj;jpd; tbtq;fisAk; mitfspd; gpwg;gplq;fisAk; mwpjy;.

2. me;j vOj;Jf;fis nkhopfpd;w Kiwfis mwpjy;.

3. ,t;ntOj;Jf;fisr; Nrh;j;J nkhopfpd;w rkaj;jpy; Ngz

Ntz;ba rl;l tpjpfis mwpjy;.

4. mitfis gy Kiw nrhy;yp ehitg; gapw;Wtpj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.

53

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;Fk; jd;tPDf;FKhpa rl;lq;fs;

,jw;F 4 rl;lq;fs; cs;sd. mitahtd :

1. ,o;̀ hh; : ntspahf;Fjy; mjhtJ mwG vOj;Jf;

fis ntspahf;fp XJjy; vd;gjhFk;.

,jw;F MW vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd. Mit:

,tw;Wf;F njhz;ilf; Fopapdhy; nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs; vd;W

nrhy;yg;gLk;.

,e;j ,o;`hUila vOj;Jf;fs; xU nrhy;ypy; tUk; my;yJ

,uz;L nrhw;fSf;fpilapy; tUk;.

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,y;̀ hUila vOj;J

xU nrhy;ypy; tUtjw;F cjhuzq;fs;.

,uz;L nrhw;fSf;fpilapy; tUtjw;F cjhuzq;fs;

54

,Nj Nghd;W my;Fh;Mdpy; epiwa nrhw;fs; gy ,lq;fspy; te;Js;sd.

mtw;iwf; fz;Lgpbj;J Nkw;$wg;gl;lthW Xjpg; gapw;rp ngw Ntz;Lk;.

Nky; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l ,o;̀ hUila vOj;Jf;fs; R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;Fg;

gpd;dhy; te;jhy; me;j vOj;Jf;fis ePl;lhky; ntspg;gLj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

NkYk; jd;tPDf;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,e;j vOj;Jf;fs; te;jhYk; ,t;thNw

mt;ntOj;Jf;fis ntspahf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzk;.

2. ,j;q}k; : Eioj;jy;2. ,j;q}k; : Eioj;jy;2. ,j;q}k; : Eioj;jy;2. ,j;q}k; : Eioj;jy;2. ,j;q}k; : Eioj;jy;

,jd; tphpthd fUj;J xU vOj;ij ,d;ndhU vOj;Jld; Nrh;j;J

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l vOj;ijg; Nghd;W ,t;ntOj;Jf;fis

nkhoptjhFk;.

,jw;F MW vOj;Jf;fs; cz;L :

,e;j MW vOj;Jf;fspYk; Mfpa vOj;Jf;fs; xU nrhy;Yld;

Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w NghJ me;j vOj;ij kw;nwhU vOj;Jld; Nrh;j;J

khj;jpuk; Xj Ntz;Lk;. mtw;iw ePl;bNah kiwj;Njh Xj KbahJ.

cjhuzk;

,e;j MW vOj;Jf;fspy; Vida ehd;F vOj;Jf;fshtd

55

,it ]{$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;Fg; gpd;dhy; my;yJ jd;tPDf;Fg; gpd;dhy;

te;jhy; mr;nrhy;iy kiwj;J ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,jpy; ,uz;L tifahd rl;lq;fs; cs;sd.

1. KOikahd Kiwapy; ePl;b XJjy;.

2. Fiwe;j msT ePl;b XJjy; vd;gjhFk;.

( ) kPk;> E}d; Mfpa ,U vOj;Jf;fSk; jd;tPDf;Fg;

gpd;dhy; my;yJ R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;Fg; gpd;dhy; te;jhy;

KOikahd Fd;dhTld; ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

ah> tht; Mfpa ,U vOj;Jf;fspYk; jd;tPDf;Fg; gpd;dhy;

my;yJ R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;Fg; gpd;dhy; te;jhy; Fiwe;j

msT Fd;dhTld; ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,q;F my; Fd;dh my; Fd;dh my; Fd;dh my; Fd;dh my; Fd;dh : my;Fd;dh vd;gJ uhfj;Jld;

ePl;Ljy; vd;w fUj;ijf; nfhLf;Fk;. ePl;Lk; NghJ thapdhYk;

%f;fpdhYk; Nrh;j;J ePl;l Ntz;Lk;.

E}Dk; kPKk; xU nrhy;ypy; Nrh;e;J tUfpd;wNghJ mtw;iw

KOikahf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhd cjhuzk;.

ahTk; thTk; xU nrhy;ypy; Nrh;e;J tUfpd;wNghJ

mjpfkhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

ePl;b ,j;q}k; nra;J nkhopfpd;wNghJ mJ ,uz;L

nrhy;NyhL tUNkad;wp xU nrhy;NyhL ,j;q}k; tu

khl;lhJ

56

vdNt R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}d; xU nrhy;ypy; te;jhy;

mjid ePl;b Xj KbahJ . mjid nghJthf ,o;`hh;

nra;J mjhtJ me;j vOj;jpid ntspahf;fpj;jhd; Xj

Ntz;Lk;.

my;Fh;Mdpy; ehd;F ,lq;fspy; khj;jpuk; jhd; ,t;thW

te;Js;sd.

3. ,f;yhg; : jpUg;Gjy;

mjhtJ R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}Df;F my;yJ jd;tPDf;F gpwF

"gh" vd;w vOj;J te;jhy; me;j "gh" it kPkhf jpUg;gp

,j;q}k; nra;J ePl;b nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

4. , ;̀gh : kiwj;jy;

,J Fd;dhTld; ,j;q}k; nra;J mjhtJ ePl;b ,U vOj;Jf;fisr;

Nrh;j;J XJtjw;Fk; vOj;Jf;fis ntspahf;fp XJtjw;FkpilNa

cs;s epiyapy; itj;J XJfpd;w xU KiwahFk;.

,jw;F 15 vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd. mitfshtd.

mjhtJ xU nrhy;ypNyh my;yJ ,U nrhy;ypNyh R$d; nra;ag;gl;l

E}Df;Fg; gpd;dhy; my;yJ jd;tPDf;Fg; gpd;dhy; Nkw;Fwpg;gplg;gl;l

15 vOj;Jf;fspy; VjhtJ xU vOj;J Nrh;e;J te;jhy; me;j

57

vOj;jpd; cr;rhpg;gpy; xU gFjpia ,d;ndhU gFjpAld; Nrh;j;j

epiyapYk; me;j vOj;ij kiwj;j epiyapYk; ePl;b XJtjhFk;.

,jw;Fj;jhd; ,`;gh my; `fPfp vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLk;. mjhtJ

kiwj;J XJfpd;w cz;ikahd tbtikg;ghFk;. mjw;Fhpa

cjhuzq;fs;.

58

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKila rl;lq;fs;R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKila rl;lq;fs;R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKila rl;lq;fs;R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKila rl;lq;fs;R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKila rl;lq;fs;

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKf;F 3 rl;lq;fs; cs;sd. mitahtd:

1. ,j;q}k; \gtpa;ap : ,uz;L cjl;bdhYk; ,j;q}k; nra;jy; ,q;F

,j;q}k; vd;gJ Xh; R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPik ,d;ndhU ùfj;

nra;ag;gl;l kPKld; Eioj;J ePl;b XJfpd;w KiwahFk;.

,jDila vOj;J ( ) kPkhFk;. mjw;fhd cjhuzq;fs;:

2. , ;̀gh\gtpa;ap: vd;gJ ,uz;L cjl;bdhYk; kiwj;J XJtjhFk;.

,jw;F "gh" vd;w vOj;J khj;jpuk; jhd; cgNahfpf;fg;gLk;

cjl;bdhy; vOj;ij kiwj;J XJfpd;w rkaj;jpYk; ghit kPkhf

khw;wp XJfpd;w rkaj;jpYk; ,uz;L cjl;ilAk; mOj;jhky;

nkJthf cjl;by; glf;$ba epiyapy; Xj Ntz;Lk;. ghTk; kPKk;

,uz;L cjl;ilAk; ntspahf;fp Xjf;$ba vOj;Jf;fshFk;.

cjhuzq;fs; :

59

3. ,o;`hh; \gtpa;ap : R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKf;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,o;`hh;

\gtpa;ap cila 26 vOj;Jf;fspy; VjhtnjhU vOj;J te;jhy;

mjid cjl;bdhy; ntspahf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;Fj;jhd; mwgpapy;

,o;̀ hh; \gtpa;ap vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ. mjd; vOj;Jf;fshtd.

Fwpg;ghf ghitAk; kPikAk; jtpu mwG vOj;Jf;fspy; kw;w

midj;Jk; ,o;`hh; \gtpa;ap cila vOj;Jf;fshFk;. Fwpg;ghf

,e;j 26 vOj;Jf;fspYk; Ak; Vida vOj;Jf;fis tplf;

$Ljyhf ntspahf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,it R$d; nra;ag;gl;l

kPKf;Fg; gpd;dhy; jhd; tUk;.

60

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l E}dpd; rl;lk;:

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l E}id ,uz;L ̀ ufj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj

Ntz;Lk;.ùfj; vd;gJ mwG vOj;Jf;fSf;F Nky; itf;fg;gL

fpd;w FwpaPLfshFk;. ,jid Xh; vOj;jpw;F Nky; itf;fg;gl;lhy;

mjid rpwpJ ePl;b nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. ,q;F xU ùfj;jpd;

msT vd;gJ epjhdkhd Kiwapy; if tpuy;fisg; nghj;jpj;

jpwf;fpd;w msthFk;. ,uz;L tpLj;jk; nghj;jpj;jpwg;gJ ,uz;L

ùfj; vd;Wk; 3 tpLj;jk; nghj;jpj; jpwg;gJ 3 ùfj;jpd;

msthFk;. mNj Nghd;W 4 my;yJ 5 tpLj;jk; %bj; jpwf;Fk;

msit 4 my;yJ 5 ùfj;jhff; fzpf;fg;gLk;.

cjhuzkhf :

mNj Nghd;W rj;J nra;ag;gl;l kPikAk; ,uz;L ̀ ufj;Jila

msTf;F ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk; cjhuzkhf :

vd;git Nghd;W

61

kj;J jgPapa;ap (kj;J m];ypa;ap)

kj;J jgP,a;ap vd;gJ mbg;gilahd kj;jhFk;.

`k;]{ my;yJ R$d; tuhj xU vOj;jpy; itf;fg;

gl;bUf;fpd;w kj;Jf;F kj;J jgPapa;ap vd;W $wg;gLk;. ,jid ,uz;L

ùfj;jpd; msTf;F ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,J (mypg;)> (tht;)>

(ah) Nghd;w vOj;Jf;fspy; khj;jpuk;jhd; tUk;.

mypGf;F cjhuzk; :

thTf;F cjhuzk; :

ahTf;F cjhuzk; :

kj;J th[pG Kj;j]py; (kj;J K]f;fs;)

kj;Jila vOj;jhd tht;> mypg;> ah ,itfspy; xU vOj;Jk; xU

`k;Rk; xNu nrhy;ypy; te;jhy; mjid ehd;F Ie;J my;yJ MW

ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk; mjw;Fhpa cjhuzq;fs;.

kj;J [hap]; Kd;g]py; (kj;Jy; K`fg;gg;)

xU nrhy;ypy; tht;> mypg;> ah vd;w xU kj;Jila vOj;J xNu

nrhy;ypy; tuhky; kj;Jila vOj;Jld; njhlh;e;j ̀ k;Rk; Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w

kj;Jf;F kj;J [hap]; Kd;g]py; mjhtJ MFkhd kj;J vd;Wk;

gphpf;fg;gl;l kj;J vd;Wk; $wg;gLk; ,jidAk; ,uz;L my;yJ ehd;F

ùfj; msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhd cjhuzq;fs;.

8-CM14801

62

kj;J ]pyJy; Fg;uhkj;J ]pyJy; Fg;uhkj;J ]pyJy; Fg;uhkj;J ]pyJy; Fg;uhkj;J ]pyJy; Fg;uh

`h (ykPh;) vd;w gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;Fr;nra;ag;gl;Ls;s yk;ik

ththfTk; my;yJ f];U nra;ag;gl;Ls;s gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;iy

ahthfTk; khw;wp XJjy;. ,e;j gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy; ahthfTk; khw;wp

XJjy;. ,e;j gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yk; ùfj; nra;ag;gl;l gpujpg; ngah;r;

nrhy;Yf;Fk; fj,a;aj;jhd ̀ k;Rf;Fk; (cWjpahd ̀ k;Rf;Fk;) ,ilapNy

te;jhy; mjw;F kj;J rpyh Fg;uh mjhtJ $Ljyhfr; Nrh;j;J XJfpd;w

kj;J vdf; Fwpg;gplg;gLk;.

cjhuzq;fs; :

,q;F vd;w nrhy;ypYk; vd;w nrhy;ypYk; "`h" Tld;thit itj;J ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

NkYk; ,e;j cjhuzq;fspYk; "`hTld; ahit itj;J ePl;b Xj

Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf

kj;J ]pyjp]; R/uhkj;J ]pyjp]; R/uhkj;J ]pyjp]; R/uhkj;J ]pyjp]; R/uhkj;J ]pyjp]; R/uh

ùfj; nra;ag;gl;l ,uz;L (ykPh;) gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhw;fspy; (fj,a;aj;jhd

`k;R) jpl;lkhd ̀ k;R tuhky; ,Ue;jhy; gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;ypd; yk;ik

ththfTk; gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;ypd; f]iu ahthfTk; khw;wp XJtjw;F

kj;J ]pyh "Rf;uh" vd;W $wg;gLk;.

mjw;Fhpa cjhuzq;fs;

63

( kj;J MhpO R$d;( kj;J MhpO R$d;( kj;J MhpO R$d;( kj;J MhpO R$d;( kj;J MhpO R$d;

R$d; ,ila+uhf te;jjpdhy; mjw;F kj;J my; MhpO R$d; vd;W

nrhy;yg;gLk;. mjid filrp vOj;jpy; epWj;Jk; NghJ mjw;F R$d;

nra;J ePl;b epWj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F kj;J jg,a;ap vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;.

,jid ,uz;L ̀ ufj; my;yJ ehd;F ̀ ufj; my;yJ Ie;J ̀ ufj;

msT ePl;b epWj;jp Xj KbAk;. mjw;Fhpa cjhuzq;fs;.

kj;Jy; ,to; kj;Jy; ,to; kj;Jy; ,to; kj;Jy; ,to; kj;Jy; ,to;

,J ,U ùfj;jpw;Fg; gjpyhf tUfpd;w kj;jhFk;. ,jw;F mwgpapy;

kj;Jy; ,to; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. mjhtJ ,uz;L gjF nra;ag;gl;L xU

nrhy; ,Wjpapy; te;jhy; mjid epWj;jp XJfpd;w NghJ ,uz;L

ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b epWj;jp Xj KbAk;. cjhuzkhf>

,jpy; vd;W epWj;Jk; NghJ 2 ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b

epWj;jp XjTk;.

eg/ vd;w mj;jpahaj;jpYk; kh;ak; vd;w mj;jpahaj;jpYk; ,t;thwhd

nrhw;fs; epiwa ,lk;ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd.

kj;J yPd;kj;J yPd;kj;J yPd;kj;J yPd;kj;J yPd;

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l tht; my;yJ ah te;J mitfSf;F Kd;dhy;

cs;s vOj;jpw;F gj;`{ nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; mjid epWj;Jk; NghJ

R$d; nra;J epWj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJ ,jd; filrp vOj;J

`k;rhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. my;yJ NtW vOj;jhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;.

,jw;F R$d; nra;J epWj;Jk; NghJ ,uz;L ùfj; my;yJ ehd;F

ùfj; my;yJ MW ùfj; msTf;F ePl;b epWj;j KbAk;.

64

cjhuzq;fs; :

fy;fyh : fyf;fp XJjy; fy;fyh : fyf;fp XJjy; fy;fyh : fyf;fp XJjy; fy;fyh : fyf;fp XJjy; fy;fyh : fyf;fp XJjy;

,jDila vOj;Jf;fs; Ie;jhFk;. mitfshtd :

,jpy; rpwpa fy;fyh vd;Wk; nghpa fy;fyh vd;Wk; ,uz;L tif

cz;L.

KjyhtJ tifKjyhtJ tifKjyhtJ tifKjyhtJ tifKjyhtJ tif : mbg;gilapNy ,e;j Ie;J vOj;jf;fspy; VjhtJ

vOj;jpw;F eLtpy; R$d; nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; mjw;F rpwpa fy;fyh vd;W

$wg;gLk;.

cjhuzq;fs;

,jpy; Kjy; nrhy;ypy; fhGf;Fk; ,uz;lhk; nrhy;ypy; [PKf;Fk;

%d;whk; nrhy;ypy; jhYf;Fk; ehd;fhk; nrhy;ypy; ghTf;Fk; R$d;

nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,itfis rpwpjsT fyf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,uz;lhtJ tif,uz;lhtJ tif,uz;lhtJ tif,uz;lhtJ tif,uz;lhtJ tif : nghpa fy;fyhthFk;. ,e;j vOj;Jf;fis filrpapy;

epWj;Jfpd;w rkaj;jpy; R$d; nra;J epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j R$d;

mbg;gilapNy cs;sjhfTk; my;yJ mJ ,ilapNy epWj;Jtjw;fhf

te;j R$dhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. ,jid $Ljyhf fyf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzq;fs;:

65

fy;fyhTila rpy vOj;Jf;fs; R$d; nra;J epWj;jp Xjg;gLk; NtW rpy

vOj;Jf;F rj;J nra;J epWj;jp Xjg;gLk;. R$d; nra;ag;gl;l fy;fyhTila

vOj;ij ,uz;L cjl;bdhYk; Nrh;j;J jhkjpf;fhky; fyf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

c + k; rj;J nra;ag;gl;l fy;fyhTila vOj;ij epWj;jp XJk; NghJ

cjl;il %ba tz;zk; ,uz;L ̀ uf;fj;Jila msT jhkjpj;J itj;J

fyf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;. c +k; :

fy;fyhTila vOj;Jf;fis fyf;fp XJfpd;w gbj;juq;fs;

01. ,jpy; fhig fLikahf fyf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;. c +k;

02. [Pik eLj;jukhd msT fyf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;

03. Mfpa %d;W vOj;Jf;fis rhjhuzkhf fyf;fp Xj

Ntz;Lk;

uhTila rl;lq;fs;uhTila rl;lq;fs;uhTila rl;lq;fs;uhTila rl;lq;fs;uhTila rl;lq;fs;

uhit rpy rkaj;jpy; (fzkhfTk;) ty;ypdkhfTk; rpy rkaj;jpy; (,Nyrhf)

nky;ypdkhfTk; rpy rkaj;jpy; ,uz;L tpjkhfTk; nkhopa KbAk;.

"uh" gj;`{ my;yJ yk;K my;yJ uh R$d; nra;ag;gl;L me;j

uhTf;F Kd;dhy; cs;s vOj;jpw;F yk;K my;yJ gj;̀ { nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy;

mjid ty;ypdkhf nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

"uh" gj;`{ nra;ag;gl;bUg;gjw;fhd cjhuzk; :

"uh" yk;K nra;J te;jjw;Fhpa cjhuzk; :

66

Kjy; vOj;jpw;F gj;̀ {nra;J uhTf;F R$d; nra;ag;gl;bUg;gjw;fhd

cjhuzk; :

Kjy; vOj;jpw;F yk;Kk; uhTf;F R$Dk; nra;ag;gl;bUg;gjw;fhd

cjhuzk; :

,ilapNy Vw;gl;l f]Uf;Fg; gpd;dhy; uhTf;F R$d; nra;ag;

gl;bUg;gjw;fhd cjhuzk; :

,uz;L nrhy;Yf;F ,ilapy; f]U nra;ag;gl;l vOj;jpw;F gpd;dhy;

uhTf;F R$d; nra;ag;gl;L te;jjw;fhd cjhuzk; :

mbg;gilapy; f]U nra;ag;gl; uh te;jhYk; mNj Neuj;jpy;

,];jp/yhTila vOj;Jf;fshd mjhtJ Nky; jhil Kurhy;

nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fshd MfpaitfSf;F f]U

nra;ag;glhky; ,Ue;jhYk; uhit ty;ypdkhf nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

uhit nky;ypdkhf nkhopaf;$ba ,lq;fs; :

uh f]U nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; :

67

mbg;gilapNy f]U te;Js;s vOj;jpw;F gpd;dhy; R$d; nra;ag;gl;l

uh tUk; mg;NghJ uhTf;F gpd;G ,];jp̀ ;yhTila vOj;J tuhkYk;

,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j cjhuzq;fspy; ve;jnthU ,];jp̀ ;yhTila

vOj;Jk; tutpy;iy.

f]U nra;ag;gl;l Xh; vOj;Jf;Fg; gpd; my;yJ R$d; nra;ag;gl;l

vOj;jf;Fg; gpd; R$d; nra;ag;gl; uh te;jhy; nky;ypdkhf nkhopa

Ntz;Lk;.

ty;ypdkhfTk; nky;ypdkhfTk; nkhopa KbAkhd ,lq;fs; :

xU nrhy;ypy; ,];jp`;yhTila vOj;jhd

,tw;wpy; Xh; vOj;J te;J mjw;F Kd;dhy; cs;s vOj;jpw;F

f]U nra;ag;l;l mjw;F gpd; uh te;jhy; mjw;F R$d; nra;J

epWj;Jfpd;w rkaj;jpy; ,uz;L KiwapYk; nkhopa KbAk;.

ah tUfpd;w nrhy;ypy; ahit ePf;fptpl;L R$d; nra;ag;gl;l uhTld;

epWj;jp nkhopa KbAk;. ahit itj;Jk; nkhopa KbAk; : ahit

ePf;fptpl;L R$d; nra;ag;gl;l epiyapy; ahit epWj;jp XJtjw;fhd

cjhuzk; :

ahit itj;J nkhoptjw;fhd cjhuzk;

68

,j;q}Kk; mjd; gphpTfSk;

,j;q}k; vd;gJ KjyhtJ vOj;ij ,uz;lhtJ vOj;ijg; Nghd;W Mf;fp

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l vOj;jhf itj;J nkhopjy; ,jpy; ,j;q}k; fgPh; vd;Wk;

,j;q]k; ]fPh; vd;Wk; ,U tifAz;L.

1. ,j;q}k; fgPh;,j;q}k; fgPh;,j;q}k; fgPh;,j;q}k; fgPh;,j;q}k; fgPh;

,j;q}k; fgPh; vd;gJ ùfj; nra;ag;gl;l xU vOj;J ,d;ndhU

ùfj; nra;ag;gl;l vOj;Jld; ,ize;J rj;J nra;ag;gl;l xNu

vOj;jhf miktjw;F Fwpg;gplf;$ba ngauhFk;. cjhuzkhf

,q;F vd;w nrhy;ypy; Kjy; E}Df;Fk; ,uz;lhtJ

E}Df;Fk; ùfj; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jpy; KjyhtJ E}Df;F

rj;J nra;J vd;W nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. mNj Nghd;Wjhd;

2 tJ cjhuzKk; te;Js;sJ.

2. ,j;q}k; ]fPh;,j;q}k; ]fPh;,j;q}k; ]fPh;,j;q}k; ]fPh;,j;q}k; ]fPh;

,j;q}k; ]fPh; vd;gJ R$d; nra;ag;gl;l xU vOj;J ùfj;J

nra;ag;gl;l vOj;Jld; Nrh;e;J rj;J nra;ag;gl;l xNu vOj;jhf

mike;jpUg;gjw;F Fwpg;gplf;$ba ngauhFk;. cjhuzkhf

vd;w nrhy;ypYs;s ePz;l Kjy; jhTf;F R$d;

nra;ag ;gl ;Ls;sJ. mjpy; ,uz;lhtJ jhTf;F f];U

nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. vdNt ,e;jj;jhTf;F rj;J nra;J xNu vOj;ijg;

Nghd;W nkhopaTk;. ,e;j ,uz;L gFjpfspYk; %d;W gphpTfs;

cz;L.

1. Kjkh]py;

2. Kj[hdp];

3. Kjfhhpg;

69

1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . ,j;q}k; ]fPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; ]fPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; ]fPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; ]fPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; ]fPh; Kjkh]py;

cr;rhpg;gpYk; mjd; tbtj;jpYk; xd;whf ,Uf;fpd;w xNu vOj;J

mLj;jLj;J tUjy;

cjhuzq;fs; :

,j;q}k; fgPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; fgPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; fgPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; fgPh; Kjkh]py;,j;q}k; fgPh; Kjkh]py;

,j;q}k; fgPh; Kjkh]py; vd;gJ ̀ ufj;J nra;ag;gl;l ,U vOj;Jf;fs;

xU nrhy;ypy; my;yJ ,uz;L nrhw;fspy; tUtjhFk;.

mJ xU nrhy;ypy; tUtjw;fhd cjhuzk;

vd;gjhFk;.

,e;j vd;w cjhuzj;jpy; Kjy; fhGf;F gjFk;

,uz;lhtJ fhGf;F yk;Kk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jid vd;W

,j;q}k; nra;Jk; Xjyhk;. ,j;q}k; nra;ahky; vd;Wk;

Xjyhk;.

mNj Nghd;W ,j;q}k; ,uz;L nrhw;fspy; ̀ ufj; nra;ag;gl;L

tUk; cjhuzkhf ,t;trdj;jpy; vd;w

nrhy;ypYs;s kPKf;F f]U nra;J vd;w nrhy;ypYs;s

kPKf;F gjF nra;J vd;W Xj KbAk;. mNj Nghd;W

kPKf;F rj;J nra;J xNu vOj;jhf khw;wp vd;Wk; Xj

70

KbAk;. Mdhy; ,t;tplj;jpy; Kd; $wpathW ùfj;J nra;J

XJtJjhd; rpwg;ghFk;. ,f;fUj;J ep`haj;j ft;ypy; KgPj; vd;w

Gj;jfj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ.

2. Kj[hdp];Kj[hdp];Kj[hdp];Kj[hdp];Kj[hdp];

,uz;L vOj;Jf;fspd; cr;rhpg;Gk; xd;whfTk; mjd; tbtk;

tpj;jpahrkhf ,Uf;fpd;w mikg;Gf;Fj;jhd; Kj[hdp]; vd;W

$wg;gLk;.

3. Kjfhhpg; : Kjfhhpg; : Kjfhhpg; : Kjfhhpg; : Kjfhhpg; :

,uz;L vOj;Jf;fspilNa cr;rhpg;Gk; mjd; tbtKk; neUq;fpa

epiyapy; fhzg;gLfpd;w mikg;Gf;F Kjfhhpg; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;.

,jpy; yhKk; uhTk; neUq;fpa vOj;Jf;fshFk;.

fhGk; fhGk; neUq;fpa vOj;J tbtk;

tpj;jpahrkhdJ.

Fd;dhit ty;ypdkhfTk; nky;ypdkhfTk; XJjy;Fd;dhit ty;ypdkhfTk; nky;ypdkhfTk; XJjy;Fd;dhit ty;ypdkhfTk; nky;ypdkhfTk; XJjy;Fd;dhit ty;ypdkhfTk; nky;ypdkhfTk; XJjy;Fd;dhit ty;ypdkhfTk; nky;ypdkhfTk; XJjy;

,];jp/yhTila vOj;Jf;fspy; ,/ghTila vOj;Jf;fspy;

VjhtnjhU vOj;J ,Uf;Fk; NghJ jd;tPid my;yJ E}id nky;ypdkhf

nkhopfpd;w rkaj;jpy; Fd;dhit ty;ypdkhf nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

71

,];jp/yhTila vOj;Jf;fs;

,];jp/yhTila vOj;J my;yhj xU vOj;J ,Uf;Fk; NghJ

jd;tPid my;yJ E}id kiwj;J nkhopfpd;w rkaj;jpy; Fd;dhit

nky;ypdkhf nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzq;fs;

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l E}Dk; kPKk;

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l E}d; my;yJ kPk; Mfpa ,uz;L vOj;ijAk;

,uz;L ùfj;jpd; msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l E}d;

rj;J nra;ag;gl;l kPk;

72

R$d; nra;ag;l;l kPKf;F %d;W rl;lq;fs; cz;L

1. ,`;gh \gtP :

cjl;bdhy; kiwj;J nkhopjy; mjhtJ R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKf;Fg;

gpd; "gh" vd;w vOj;J tUk;. mt;thW tUfpd;wNghJ ,uz;L cjl;ilAk;

KOikahf %lhj tz;zk; kiwj;J XJtjhFk;. ,jid ,ilg;gl;l

eLj;jukhd epiyapNy ePl;b XjTk; KbAk;. ,q;F kPKk; ghTk;

cjl;bypUe;J nkhopaf; $ba vOj;Jf;fs; vd;gijAk; ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

3. ,o;`hU]; ]gtpa;ap :,o;`hU]; ]gtpa;ap :,o;`hU]; ]gtpa;ap :,o;`hU]; ]gtpa;ap :,o;`hU]; ]gtpa;ap :

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l kPKf;F gpd;G tuf;$ba midj;J vOj;Jf;fisAk;

ntspahf;fp Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,J xNu nrhy;ypYk; tUk;. ,U

nrhy;ypYk; tUk;. ,jw;F 26 vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd. mjpy; 8

vOj;Jf;fs; ,uz;L nrhy;Yld; Nrh;e;J tUk; 18 vOj;Jf;fs; xU

nrhy;Yld; Nrh;e;J tUk;.

my;Fh;Mdpy; Muk;g mj;jpahaj;jpy; te;jpUf;fpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

gjpdhd;fhFk;. ,jpy; %d;W gFjpfs; cz;L. Kjy; gFjpapy;

mypg; te;jpUf;Fk;. me;j mypig ePl;lhky; Xj Ntz;Lk;.

73

,uz;lhk; gFjp vd;gdthFk;. ,tw;iw

,uz;L ùfj;Jila msTf;F ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

%d;whtJ Nghd;w vOj;Jf;fshFk;.

,tw;iw MW ùfj;jpd; msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

(RFd; nra;ag;gl;l kPk; ,uz;L nrhy;Yld; ,ize;J tuf;$ba 8

vOj;Jf;fs; cz;L 53 Mk; gf;fj;jpy; jug;gl;Ls;sJ.)

(RFd; nra;ag;gl;l kPk;Kf;F gpd;G xU nrhy;ypy; Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w

18 vOj;JfSila tphpthd ml;ltiziaAk; 53-54 Mk; gf;fj;jpy;

Nehf;fTk;)

RFd; nra;ag;gl;l kPk; ,U nrhy;ypy; tuf;$ba 8 vOj;Jf;fSk;:

RFd; nra;ag;gl;l kPKf;F gpd;G Nkw;Fwpg;gplg;gl;l 8 vOj;Jf;fisAk;

jtpu mwG vOj;Jf;fspy; ,Uf;fpd;w 18 vOj;Jf;fspYk; R$d;

nra;ag;gl;l kPk; xU nrhy;ypYk;> ,uz;L nrhy;ypYk; Nrh;e;J

tUk;.

mj;jpahaq;fspy; Muk;gj;jpy; te;Js;s mwG vOj;Jf;fspd;

vz;zpf;if 14 MFk;. mitfshtd.

,jpy; %d;W gFjpfs; cz;L,jpy; %d;W gFjpfs; cz;L,jpy; %d;W gFjpfs; cz;L,jpy; %d;W gFjpfs; cz;L,jpy; %d;W gFjpfs; cz;L

1. Kjy; gFjp mypg; tUtJ mt;thW mypg; te;jhy; mij ePl;lhky;

Xj Ntz;Lk;.

74

2. Nghd;w vOj;Jf;fshFk;. ,itfis ,uz;L

ùfj;jpd; msT ePl;b nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

3. Nghd;w vOj;Jf;fshFk;. ,itfis

MW ùfj;jpd; msT ePl;b nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

(1) mwG vOj;Jf;fspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 28 MFk;. j[;tPj; rl;l

tpjpf;fhfj; jhd; `k;ir Nkyjpfkhfr; Nrh;f;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. me;j

tifapy; cila vOj;Jf;fs; 29 MFk;.

mwG vOj;Jf;fspd; gpwg;gplq;fs;

njhz;ilf;F mbapypUe;J nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

njhz;ilf;F kj;jpapypUe;J nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

njhz;ilf;Ff; fPohypUe;J nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

ehtpd; mbapypUe;J nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

ehtpd; kj;jpapypUe;J nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

ehtpd; Xuj;jpd; mbapypUe;J nkhopfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

ehtpd; Xuj;jpdhy; nkhopag;glf;$ba vOj;Jf;fs;

Nky; jhilapy; Xuj;Jld; fPo; cjl;bd;

cl;gFjpapdhy; nkhopag;gLfpd;w vOj;J

,uz;L cjl;bdhYk; nkhopag;gLfpd;w vOj;Jf;fs;

Fwpg;ghf ehtpd; Xuj;jpd; mbapypUe;Jk; ehtpd; ,lJ tyJ

Gwj;jpYk; ehNthL Nrh;j;J ,Uf;fpd;w filtha; gy;ypd; mbapypUe;J

nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. Mfpa ,U vOj;Jf;fisAk; rhpahf cr;rhpj;Jr;

nrhy;tjw;F $ba gapw;rpia vLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

ehtpd; Xuj;jpypUe;J Nky; filtha;g; gw;fspd; mbapypUe;J nkhopa

Ntz;Lk;.

mwG vOj;jpd; gpwg;gplj;ij mwptjw;F Kjd; Kjypy; mwG vOj;jpw;F

R$d; my;yJ rj;J nra;a Ntz;Lk;. gpwF me;j vOj;jpw;F Kd;dhy;

75

xU `k;ir Nrh;j;J nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJ vOj;jpd; Ra rj;jk;

ntspahFk;. mJjhd; vOj;jpd; gpwg;gplkhFk;.

(2) mwG nkhopapy; vOjg;glhky;> nkhopag;glf; $ba rpymwG nkhopapy; vOjg;glhky;> nkhopag;glf; $ba rpymwG nkhopapy; vOjg;glhky;> nkhopag;glf; $ba rpymwG nkhopapy; vOjg;glhky;> nkhopag;glf; $ba rpymwG nkhopapy; vOjg;glhky;> nkhopag;glf; $ba rpy

vOj;Jf;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mitahtd :vOj;Jf;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mitahtd :vOj;Jf;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mitahtd :vOj;Jf;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mitahtd :vOj;Jf;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mitahtd :

,e;j vOj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dhy; xU mypg; tu Ntz;Lk;.

Mdhy;> ,e;j vOj;Jf;fs; ,t;thW vOjg;gLtjpy;iy. ,tw;wpy;

mypig ePf;fp tpl;Lj;jhd; vOjg;gLk; Mdhy;> mitfis thrpf;fpd;w

NghJ mq;F xU mypg; ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;W vz;zp nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

,d;Dk; rpy vOj;Jf;fspy; ,uz;L yhk; tuf;$ba ,izg;Gg;

ngah;r;nrhw;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mtw;wpy; ,uz;L 'yhk;" tUk;.

cjhuzkhf :

,tw;wpy; xU yhik ePf;fp vOjp nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

NkYk;> Xh; vOj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; mjpfkhf ePl;lhky; XusT

ePl;lf;f$ba xU mypigf; nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j mypig

ahthfj;jhd; vOjg;gLk;. Mdhy; nkhopfpd;w NghJ mypghf

nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf>

76

my;Fh;Mdpy; gy ,lq;fspy; , vd;gij f;F gpd;G xU

mypg;igr; Nrh;j;J , vd;W vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk; ,t;thW vOjg;gl;Ls;s

mypg;ig vOj;jpy; khj;jpuk; vOJtijj; jtpu nkhopjypy; me;j mypg;ig

nkhopag;glkhl;lhJ.

(3) vd;gJ rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;Jjy; vd;w fUj;ij nfhLf;fpd;w vd;gJ rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;Jjy; vd;w fUj;ij nfhLf;fpd;w vd;gJ rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;Jjy; vd;w fUj;ij nfhLf;fpd;w vd;gJ rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;Jjy; vd;w fUj;ij nfhLf;fpd;w vd;gJ rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;Jjy; vd;w fUj;ij nfhLf;fpd;w

xU nrhy;xU nrhy;xU nrhy;xU nrhy;xU nrhy;

mjhtJ> %r;R tplhky; rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;jptpl;L> mjid

,uz;L ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

ùfj; vd;gJ mwG vOj;jpw;F Nky; itf;fpd;w gj;̀ {> f];U>

yk;K vd;w FwpaPLfshFk;. ,e;jf; FwpaPl;il xU vOj;J ePl;Lfpd;w

NghJ mjid ,uz;L ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

my;Fh;Mdpy; rf;jhTila (rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;Jjy;) ,lq;fis

mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhf me;j vOj;jpw;F Nky; xU rPd;

vOjg;ggl;bUf;Fk; ,jd; fUj;J ,q;F rpwpJ Neuk; epWj;jp Xj

Ntz;Lk; vd;gjhFk;.

,e;jr; rl;l xOq;if vtUf;Fk; tpUk;gpathW nra;a KbahJ.

,t;thW egpj; Njhoh;fs; XjpapUe;jhy; my;yJ my;Fh;Md;

m];]{d;dhtpy; te;jpUe;jhy; my;yJ ek;gpf;iff;Fhpa fhhpfs;

XJtijr; nrtpkLj;jhy;jhd; mt;thW Xj KbAk;.

,r;rl;lk; ,khk; `g;]; cila fpuhmj;jpd; gb Nky;

$wg;gl;lthW fl;lhakhf rpwpJ epWj;jp XJtjw;fhd 4 ,lq;fs;

cs;sd.

xU tpidabr; nrhy;iy (k];jiu) mypgpd; kPJ epWj;jp XJjy;

cjhuzkhf.

gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;iy (k];jiu) mypgpd; kPJ epWj;jp XJjy;

cjhuzkhf

gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;iy ,lg;ngah;r; nrhy;Yld; Nrh;j;J XJjy;

cjhuzkhf

77

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l yhkpd; kPJ epWj;jp XJtjw;fhd cjhuzk;

R$d; nra;ag;gl;l E}dpd; kPJ epWj;jp XJtjw;fhd cjhuzk;

Xu; nrhy;ypy; (`h) tpd; kPJ epWj;jp XJtJ MFkhdJ

mjid epWj;jhky; XjpdhYk; $Lk;. Mdhy; mjid epWj;jp

XJtJjhd; rpwe;jJ.

3. my;Fh;MdpYs;s trdq;fis epWj;jp XJtijg; gw;wpamy;Fh;MdpYs;s trdq;fis epWj;jp XJtijg; gw;wpamy;Fh;MdpYs;s trdq;fis epWj;jp XJtijg; gw;wpamy;Fh;MdpYs;s trdq;fis epWj;jp XJtijg; gw;wpamy;Fh;MdpYs;s trdq;fis epWj;jp XJtijg; gw;wpa

tpsf;fKk; mjd; milahsq;fSk;.tpsf;fKk; mjd; milahsq;fSk;.tpsf;fKk; mjd; milahsq;fSk;.tpsf;fKk; mjd; milahsq;fSk;.tpsf;fKk; mjd; milahsq;fSk;.

: xU trd Kbtpy; ,t;thW milahskplg;gl;L te;jhy; me;j

trdj;ijf; fl;lhakhf epWj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

: xU trd Kbtpy; ,t;thW milahskplg;gl;L te;jhy; epWj;jp

Xj KbAkhf ,Ue;jhYk; Nrh;j;J XJtJjhd; rpwe;jJ.

: xU trd ,Wjpapy; ,e;j milahsk; ,lg;gl;bUe;jhy; mjid

epWj;jpAk; Xjyhk;. Nrh;j;Jk; Xjyhk;. vd;gjd; fUj;jhFk;.

9-CM14801

78

: ,e;j milahskplg;gl;lhy; epWj;jp XJtij tpl Nrh;j;J

XJtJ rpwe;jJ.

: ,e;j milahskplg;gl;lhy; ,e;j trdj;ij rpy Neuj;jpy;

epWj;JtJ nghUj;jkpy;iy. rpy rkaj;jpy; epWj;JtJ

nghUj;jkhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. mt;thW epWj;jpdhYk; mjw;Fg;

gpd;dhYs;s nrhy;Yld; jpUk;gr; Nrh;j;Jjhd; Xj Ntz;Lk;.

1. epWj;JtJ nghUj;jkw;w ,lq;fSf;fhd cjhuzq;fs; :

epWj;JtJ nghUj;jkhdjh vd;gij fUj;ijg; ghh;j;Jj;jhd;

KbntLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

2. epWj;Jtjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd ,lq;fSf;Fhpa cjhuzk;

: xU trdj;jpy; ,uz;L ,lq;fspy; ,t;thW milahs

kplg;gl;bUe;jhy; Xh; ,lj;jpy; epWj;jp Xjpdhy; kw;iwa ,lj;jpy;

Nrh;j;J Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;L ,lq;fspYk; epWj;jp Xj KbahJ

cjhuzkhf :

79

: ,e;j milahskplg;gl;l ,lj;jpy; Nrh;j;Jk; Xjyhk; epWj;jpAk;

Xjyhk;.

: ,e;j ,lj;jpy; epWj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

: %r;R tpl;L Xj Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gLk; NghJ ,e;j ,lj;jpy;

epWj;jp XJtJ rpwe;jJ.

3. nghJthf jd;tPd; nra;ag;gl;l E}d; Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w gpmy;

vd;w mjhtJ tpidr; nrhy;iy epWj;Jfpd;w NghJ

mypig itj;J epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzk; vd;W

te;jpUg;gij epWj;Jk; NghJ vd;W epWj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

vd;gij vd;W epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; ,jid

epWj;jhky; Nrh;j;J XJfpd;w NghJ mypig tpl;Ltpl;L mjw;Fg;

gpd;dhy; cs;s vOj;Jld; Nrh;j;J ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

Mdhy; my;Fh;Mdpy; vd vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk;

mNj Nghd;W vd;W Nrh;j;J ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

my;Fh;Mdpy; ,t;thW jhd; vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

Fz;Lj; Nj cs;s nrhy;ypy; jd;tPd; te;jhy; me;j

Njia `hthf nkhope;J epWj;jp Xj Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

80

,t;trdj;ij XJk; NghJ vd;w ,lj;jpy; epWj;Jtjhf

,Ue;jhy; vd;Wk;> vd;w ,lj;jpy; epWj;Jtjhf

,Ue;jhy; vd;Wk;> vd;w ,lj;jpy; epWj;Jtjhf ,Ue;jhy;

vd;W `hTf;F R$d; nra;J epWj;j Ntz;Lk;.

,J Muk;gj;jpy; tUk; NghJ epiyj;J epw;Fk; ,ilapy; tUfpd;w

NghJ mjidf; nfhz;L tug;gl khl;lhJ.

,jid mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhf mypGf;F NkNy xU rpwpa

rhJ vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk; ,J rt+jp mNugpah Fh;md; gpujpfspy; jhd;

fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

t];Yila `k;]{ chpr;nrhw;fspy; Nrh;e;J tukhl;lhJ.

c+ k; :

mt;thW Nrh;e;J tUtjhf ,Ue;jhy; me;j vOj;ijf; Fwpg;ghf;fpf;

fhl;Ltjw;fhff; nfhz;L tug;gl;Ls;s `k;]{ vd;W jhd; mjw;Ff;

Fwpg;gplg;gLk;. mjw;F t];Yila `k;]; vd;W Fwpg;gplg;glkhl;lhJ.

t];Yila ̀ k;]{ Fwpg;ghf ngah;r; nrhw;fspy; mjpfkhf tUk;

cjhuzkhf

Nghd;wdthFk;.

tpidr; nrhw;fspYk; ,e;j t];Yila `k;]{ tUk; Fwpg;ghf

mbg;gilapNy %d;W vOj;Jf;fs; cs;s Vty; tpidr; nrhw;fspYk;

`k;]{ Muk;gj;jpy; tUk; NkYk; Ie;J my;yJ MW vOj;Jf;fisf;

nfhz;l ,we;j fhy tpidr; nrhw;fspYk; Vty; tpidfspYk; ,we;j

fhy tpidr; nrhw;fspdJ (k];jh;) tpidabfspYk; ,e;j `k;i]

fhz KbAk;.

81

%d;W vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l Vty; tpidr;nrhw;fSf;Fhpa

cjhuzq;fs;

Ie;J vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l ,we;j fhy tpidr; nrhw;fSf;Fhpa

cjhuzq;fs;

Ie;J vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l Vty; tpidr; nrhw;fSf;Fhpa

cjhuzq;fs;.

Ie;J vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l tpidabr; nrhw;fspy; t];Yila

`k;]{ tUtjw;Fhpa cjhuzq;fs;.

MW vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l ,we;j fhy tpidr; nrhw;fspYk;

tpidabfspYk; Vty; tpidr; nrhw;fspYk; t];Yila `k;]{

te;jpUg;gjw;fhd cjhuzq;fs;.

MW vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l ,we;jfhy tpidr; nrhw;fSf;Fhpa

cjhuzk;

tpidabf;Fhpa cjhuzk;

Vty; tpidf;Fhpa cjhuzk;

(epiyahd `k;]{)

`k;]{ cs;s xU nrhy;iy Muk;gj;jpy; nkhopfpd;w NghJ my;yJ

mjidr; Nrh;j;J nkhopfpd;w NghJ me;j `k;i] ePf;fhky; me;j

nrhy;ypy; itj;Nj nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j `k;]{f;Fj;jhd; fj,a;ah

82

cWjpahd `k;]{ vd;W $wg;gLk;.

,e;j `k;]{ xU nrhy;ypd; Muk;gj;jpy; gjF nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy;

mjid ,t;thWk; yk;K nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; ,t;thWk;

vOjg;gLk;.

,e;j `k;]{ f]U nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; mjid ,t;thWk;

vOjg;gLk;.

nghJthf ngah;r; nrhw;fspy; tUfpd;w mjpfkhd `k;]{fs;

cWjpahditahfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. Mdhy; xU rpy ngah;r; nrhw;fs;

jhd; cWjpaw;w (t];Yila `k;]{f;fshf tUk;.

%d;W vOj;Jf;fis my;yJ ehd;F vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l (k];jh;)

tpidabfspy; ,Uf;fpd;w `k;]{fs; cWjpahd `k;]{f;fshFk;.

cjhuzk; :

%d;W vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;Ls;s ,we;j fhy tpidr; nrhw;fspd;

Muk;gj;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;w `k;]{f;fSk; cWjpahd `k;Rf;fshFk;.

cjhuzk; :

mNj Nghd;W ehd;F vOj;Jf;fisr; nfhz;l ,we;j fhy tpidr;

nrhw;fspy; ,Uf;fpd;w `k;]{fSk; cWjpahd `k;]{fshFk;.

cjhuzk; :

NkYk; Vty; tpidr; nrhw;fspy; tUfpd;w `k;]{fSk;

cWjpahditahFk;.

cjhuzk; :

83

t];Yila cWjpaw;w `k;i] vOjhky; mjid ePf;fptpl;L

vOjg;glf;$ba ,lq;fs;

1. Nghd;wtw;wpy; ,uz;L ngah;r; nrhw;fSf;fpilapy; ̀ k;]{

te;jhy; my;yJ milnkhopahf (rpgj;jhf) ̀ k;]{ te;jhy; me;j

`k;i] ePf;fg;gl;L vOjg;gLk;.

cjhuzk; :

2. tpdh vOg;Gtjw;Fhpa `k;]{ cs;s trdj;jpYk; t];Yila

`k;i] vOjg;glkhl;lhJ.

cjhuzk; :

vd;w trdj;jpy; t];Yila `k;i] ePf;fptpl;L

vd;Wjhd; vOj Ntz;Lk;.

,e;j t];Yila `k;]{ tUfpd;w ,lj;jpy; gjF nra;ag;gl

Ntz;bapUe;jhYk;> mq;F t];Yila `k;i] ePf;fp tpl;Lj;jhd;

vOjg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

vd;gij vd;W jhd; vOj Ntz;Lk;.

vd;gij vd;W vOj Ntz;Lk;

4. vd;w nrhy;Yf;F Kd; my;yJ gpd; ,e;j gp];kpia ,izj;Jr;

nrhy;Yfpd;w rkaj;jpy; gp];kpapNy cs;s mypigf; nfhz;Ltu

Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

84

Mdhy; xU Nfs;tpf;Fg; gjpyhf t];Yila ̀ k;]{ te;jhy; me;j

t];Yila `k;i] ePf;fg;glkhl;lhJ.

cjhuzk; :

myp ahUila kfd; myp cila kfd; Kfk;kJ

my;Fh;Mid chpa tbtpy; XJtjw;F ehd;F rhjdq;fs;

mtrpag;gLfpd;wd.

mitfs; ehT> gFj;jwpT> <khd;> cs;sk; vd;gitahFk;.

01. ehtpdhy; my;Fh;Mid XJfpd;w NghJ> mjpYs;s vOj;Jf;fspd;

gpwg;gplq;fis> mwpe;J mitfis chpa tbtj;jpy; cr;rhpj;J

XJtjhFk;.

02. gFj;jwpT vd;gJ my;Fh;MdpYs;s trdq;fspd; fUj;Jf;fis

kdpj %isapy; Njf;fp itj;Jf;nfhs;tjhFk;.

03. <khd; vd;gJ> Njf;fp itj;j tplaq;fis nraw;gLj;j J}z;l

itf;fpd;w xd;whFk;.

04. cs;sk; vd;gJ> J}z;lg;gl;l tplaq;fis rPuhf ,aq;f itf;fpd;w

rhjdkhFk;.

85

,Wjp vOj;Jf;F R$d; nra;J epWj;Jk; NghJXjg;gLk; Kiwfs;

Fwpg;ghf ̀ ufj;J nra;ag;gl;Ls;s nrhy;iy R$d; nra;Jjhd; epWj;j

Ntz;Lk;. mJ jhd; xU trdj;ij epWj;Jfpd;w rkaj;jpy; filg;gpbf;f

Ntz;ba mbg;gilahd rl;ltpjpahFk;.

Mdhy;> mjid ut;k;> ,\;khk; vd;w KiwapYk; epWj;jp XJtjw;F

mDkjpAz;L. 'ut;k;" vd;gJ J}u cs;sth;fSf;F nrtpkLf;fr; nra;ahJ.

mUNf ,Uf;fpd;wth;fSf;F khj;jpuk; nkhopag;gLfpd;w ùfj;ijr;

nrtpkLf;fr; nra;tjhFk;. ,e;j ut;k; vd;w rl;lk; f];h; my;yJ yk;K

Nghd;wtw;wpy; khj;jpuk; jhd; tUk;. gj;`py; ,J ,lk;ngw khl;lhJ.

NkYk; ut;k; vd;gJ ,ilapy; FWf;fpl;L epWj;Jfpd;w NghJ R$idg;

Nghd;W ePl;lg;glkhl;lhJ. mJ Nrh;j;J XJtijg; Nghd;Wjhd; epWj;jp

Xj Ntz;Lk;.

ut;k; -

3 epiyfspy; ut;k; Kiwg;gb Xj KbAk;.

1. xU nrhy;ypd; filrp vOj;jpw;F Kd;G ePl;lf;$ba kj;Jila

vOj;J ,lk;ngwhky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

vd;W nkJthf mUfpy; cs;sth;fSf;Ff; Nfl;f yk;K nra;J

Xj Ntz;Lk;.

10-CM14801

86

,tw;Wf;F kj;J jg`pa;ah vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLk;. mNj Nghd;W R$d;

nra;ag;gl;l mypGk; mjw;F Kd;dhy; cs;s vOj;Jf;F gjF nra;ag;gl;Lk;

tUk;. ,jw;Fk; kj;J jg`pa;ap vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLk;.

,jid vd;W nkJthf mUfpy; cs;sth;fSf;Ff; Nfl;f

yk;K nra;J Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,jpy; uhTf;F f];U nra;J nkJthf Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,jpYk; mt;thNw uhTf;F f];U nra;J nkJthf m];hp vd;W Xj

Ntz;Lk;.

,Nj rl;lj;ij Vida ,lq;fspYk; Ngzp Xj KbAk;.

(3) xU nrhy;ypd; ,Wjp vOj;jpw;F Kd;G kj;J jg`pa;ap cila

vOj;J te;jhYk;> ut;k; Kiwapd;gb Xj KbAk;. NkYk;

kj;JfSila vOj;Jf;fshd thTf;F R$d; nra;ag;gl;L ,Uf;Fk;.

mNj Nghd;W ahTf;F R$d; nra;ag;gl;L mjw;F Kd;dhy; cs;s

vOj;jpw;F f]U nra;ag;gl;Lk; fhzg;gLk;.

cjhuzk; :

,jpy; kPKf;F Kd;dhy; cs;s 'ah" kj;J jg`pa;ap cila vOj;jhFk;.

,jpy; nkJthf vd;W f];U nra;J epWj;jyhk;.

87

,jpy; E}Df;F Kd;dhYs;s 'ah" kj;J jg`pa;ahFk;.

,jpYk; vd;W f];U nra;J epWj;jyhk;.

,jpYk; 'ah" kj;J jg`pa;ahFk;.

,jpy; vd;W yk;K nra;J epWj;jyhk;.


,jpy; vd;W f];U nra;J epWj;jyhk;.


,jpy; vd;W yk;K nra;J epWj;jyhk;.

,\;khk;

,\;khk; vd;gJ xU trdj;ij R$d; nra;J epWj;j Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy;

epWj;jhky; mjpy; xU yk;K ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd epidj;J. rj;jkplhky;

,uz;L cjl;ilAk; mirj;J yk;kpNy epWj;Jjy;.

,e;j ,\;khk; ,Wjpapy; yk;K ,Uf;fpd;w nrhy;ypy;jhd; ,lk;ngWk;.

88

,r;rl;lj;ij %d;W epiyapy; khj;jpuk;jhd; Ngzg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

1. xU nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpf;F Kd;G kj;Jila vOj;J ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jhy;>

me;j nrhy; cs;s trdj;ij ,\;khk; nra;J Xj KbAk;.

cjhuzk; :

2. jw;fhypfkhd R$dpy; itj;J epWj;j KbAkhd nrhy;iy epWj;jp

Xj Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzkhf :

3. xU nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpf;F Kd;dhy; (Kj;j]pyhd) Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w>

mjhtJ ,ilapy; tUfpd;w xU kj;J ,Uf;fpd;w NghJk; mjid

,\;khk; nra;J epWj;jp Xj KbAk;.

cjhuzkhf :

,jpy; vd;W nrhw;fspd; ,Wjp vOj;jpw;F Kd;G

ePl;lf;$ba kj;Jila vOj;jhd 'tht;"> mypg; te;jpUg;gjdhy; ,tw;iwAk;

,];khk; nra;J epWj;j KbAk;.

89

ykPUy; fpdhah

Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;

xU ngah;r;nrhy;Yld; my;yJ tpidr; nrhy;Yld; my;yJ chpr;

nrhy;Yld; Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w xUik glh;f;if gpujpg; ngah;r;nrhy;Yf;F

fpdhah cila (`h) vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. ,J glh;f;if ,Uik>

gd;ik> Kd;dpiy> xUik> ,Uik> gd;ikapy; ,lk;ngwkhl;lhJ.

,e;j gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy; mjpfkhf yk;K nra;ag;gl;Nl tUk;.

,e;j gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F Kd;dhy; cs;s vOj;jhd ahTf;F

R$d; nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; me;j gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F f];U nra;J

jhd; nkhopa Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :-

Mdhy;> vd;W Xj Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; ,khk; ̀ g;];

(18 : 63) vd;W gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F yk;K nra;J XjpAs;shh;.

mNj Nghd;W #uj;Jy; gj;̀ ; (48 : 10) ,y; te;Js;s trdj;ij

vd;W gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F yk;K nra;J XjpAs;shh;. Mdhy;>

mjpfkhd fhhpfs; vd;W f];U nra;Jjhd;

XjpAs;shh;fs;. ,e;j gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy; nghJg; ngah;r; nrhy;ypYk;

tpidr; nrhy;ypYk; chpr; nrhy;ypYk; Nrh;e;J te;jjw;fhd cjhuzq;fis

fPo;tUk; xNu trdj;jpy; fhz Kbfpd;wJ. me;j trdk; ,t;thW

Muk;gpf;fpd;wJ.

,e;j fpdhah cila `hTf;F ehd;F epiyfs; cs;sd :

1. ùfj; nra;ag;gl;l ,uz;L nrhw;fSf;F kj;jpapy; gpujpg; ngah;r;

nrhy; ,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk;.

90

cjhuzk; :

,e;jg; gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy; f];U nra;ag;gl;L mjDld; kj;Jila

ahTk; Nrh;e;J te;jpUe;jhy; mjid ,uz;L ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b

Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,q;F Nkw;$wpa trdj;jpy; vd;w ,lj;jpy;

te;Js;s gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;yhd ( ) `htpy; xU kj;J ,Uf;fpd;wJ.

,e;j kj;ijj;jhd; ,uz;L ̀ ufj;Jia msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F

Kd;dhy; cs;s gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F ve;j kj;Jk;

fpiahJ. mjdhy; mtw;iw ePl;b Xj Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy. mLj;J>

xU gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy; yk;K nra;ag;gl;L> mjDld; kj;Jila '`h"

Nrh;e;J te;jpUe;jhy; mjidAk; ,uz;L ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj

Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzkhf :

mNj Neuj;jpy; ahTf;F my;yJ thTf;F gpd;dhy; `k;]; tuhky;

,Ue;jhy;.

Nkw;$wg;gl;l rl;l tpjpfspypUe;J %d;W ,lq;fspy; tpjptpyf;F

mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

mtw;wpy; Kjy; ,lk; :

91

,e;j trdq;fspy; te;Js;s vd;w nrhy;ypYs;s `hTf;F

gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F ,uz;L ,lq;fspYk; R$d; nra;J Xj Ntz;Lk;.

mLj;J

,e;j trdj;jpYs;s vd;w gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;yhd `hTf;F

R$d; nra;J Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,jpy; vd;w tpidr; nrhy;ypYs;s gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;F

yk;K nra;J Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,ij yk;K nra;J XJk; NghJ kj;J tuf;

$bathW thit KOikahf ePl;lhky; ,Nyrhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

mLj;J> xU gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy; (ykPh;) ,uz;L R$d;fSf;F

,ilapy; te;jhYk; mjid KOikahf ePl;lhky; ,Nyrhf ePl;b Xj

Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

,e;j trdj;jpy; vd;w nrhy;iy XJk; NghJ ( ) ,Ny

,Uf;fpd;w gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;iy ePl;lNtz;b tUfpd;wJ. mt;thW

ePl;Lk; NghJ mq;F xU R$d; tUfpd;wJ. mg;NghJ mij ePl;b Xj

KbAk;. Mdhy; vd;gijr; Nrh;j;J XJk; NghJ (2) ( ) Ny cs;s

gpujpg; ngah;r; nrhy;Yf;Fk;> yhKf;Fk; (R$d; tUfpd;wJ.) mg;NghJ

mq;F ,uz;L R$d;fs; xd;W Nrh;fpd;wd. ,e;j ,uz;L R$d;fSk; xd;W

Nruhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhf mjid KOikahf ePl;b Xjhky; XusT ePl;b

Xj Ntz;Lk;.

mNj Nghd;W ,e;j trdj;jpYk; ,Nj rl;lk; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ. me;j

trdk; ,t;thW Muk;gpf;fpd;wJ.

92

,e;j trdj;jpYs;s vd;W ePl;Lk; NghJ> ̀ hTf;Fg; gpd;dhy; xU

R$d; tUfpd;wJ. vd;w nrhy;ypYs;s yhKf;Fk; R$d; tUfpd;wJ.

,q;NfAk; ,uz;L R$d; Nruhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhf ,Nyrhf ePl;b Xj

Ntz;Lk;.

Mdhy; Gh;fhd; mj;jpahaj;jpy; Xhplj;jpy; khj;jpuk; ,uz;L R$d;fs;

Nrh;e;J te;jhYk;> mq;Nf KOikahf ePl;bj;jhd; Xj Ntz;Lk;. Fwpg;ghf

,e;j ,lj;jpy; ghtpfSila epiyia ,opTgLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhfTk;

mjid vr;rhpj;Jr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhfTk; ,jid KOikahf

ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. me;j trdk; ,t;thW ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

,e;j ,lj;jpy; vd;W KOikahf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

R$d; nraa;g;gl;l yhk;fspd; tiffs;

1. k/hpgh Fwpg;Gg; ngah;r; nrhw;fspYs;s yhk;.

2. tpidr; nrhw;fspy; tUfpd;w yhk;.

3. chpr; nrhw;fspy; tUfpd;w yhk;.

4. Vty; tpidr; nrhw;fspy; tUfpd;w yhk;.

ngah;r; nrhw;fspYk; chpr; nrhw;fspYk; tUfpd;w yhk; Njitahd

rkaj;jpy; khj;jpuk; jhd; nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk;. Vida re;jh;g;gq;fspy;

mjidf; nfhz;Ltuj; Njitapy;iy.

NkYk; kt;#y; ,izg;Gg; ngah;r; nrhw;fspy; tUfpd;w yhik

fl;lhakhff; nfhz;Ltuy; Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzkhf :

93

xU ngah;r; nrhy;ypy; my; te;jhy; mjid ,uz;L tpjkhf

nkhopa KbAk; :

1. yhKf;F R$d; nra;J nkhopjy;. ,jw;Ff; fkhpa;ah vdg;gLk;.

2. yhik nkhopahky;> yhKf;F gpd;dhy; cs;s vOj;jpw;F rj;J

nra;J nkhopjy;. ,J \k;]pa;ah vdg;gLk;.

fkhpa;ahTf;F nkhj;jk; 14 vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd.

,e;j 14 vOj;Jf;fSk; my;cila yhKf;Fg; gpd;dhy; te;jhy;

mtw;iw ntspahf;fp nkhopa Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW ,jid ntspahf;fp

nkhoptjpdhy; vd;w nrhy;iy xj;jpUg;gjhy; jhd; ,g;ngah; ,jw;F

toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

cjhuzk; :

,uz;lhtJ yhKf;F R$d; nra;ahky; ,j;̀ hk; nra;J nkhoptjpdhy;

jhd; ,jw;F \k;]pa;ah vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jpYk; nkhj;jk; 14

vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd. mitahtd :

cjhuzk; :

my;Fh;Mdpy; %d;W nrhw;fs; kj;Jld; Nrh;j;J 7 ,lq;fspy;my;Fh;Mdpy; %d;W nrhw;fs; kj;Jld; Nrh;j;J 7 ,lq;fspy;my;Fh;Mdpy; %d;W nrhw;fs; kj;Jld; Nrh;j;J 7 ,lq;fspy;my;Fh;Mdpy; %d;W nrhw;fs; kj;Jld; Nrh;j;J 7 ,lq;fspy;my;Fh;Mdpy; %d;W nrhw;fs; kj;Jld; Nrh;j;J 7 ,lq;fspy;

tUfpd;wd. ,e;j 7 ,lq;fspYk; ,e;j kj;ij 6 ùfj;JilatUfpd;wd. ,e;j 7 ,lq;fspYk; ,e;j kj;ij 6 ùfj;JilatUfpd;wd. ,e;j 7 ,lq;fspYk; ,e;j kj;ij 6 ùfj;JilatUfpd;wd. ,e;j 7 ,lq;fspYk; ,e;j kj;ij 6 ùfj;JilatUfpd;wd. ,e;j 7 ,lq;fspYk; ,e;j kj;ij 6 ùfj;Jila

msT fl;lhakhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.msT fl;lhakhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.msT fl;lhakhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.msT fl;lhakhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.msT fl;lhakhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

1. #uj;Jy; md;Mk;

94

2. #uj;Jy; a+D];

`k;]{f;Fk; mypGf;FkpilNa cs;s tpj;jpahrk;`k;]{f;Fk; mypGf;FkpilNa cs;s tpj;jpahrk;`k;]{f;Fk; mypGf;FkpilNa cs;s tpj;jpahrk;`k;]{f;Fk; mypGf;FkpilNa cs;s tpj;jpahrk;`k;]{f;Fk; mypGf;FkpilNa cs;s tpj;jpahrk;

mypg; xU nrhy;ypd; Muk;gj;jpy; tu khl;lhJ. mJ xU nrhy;ypy;

,uz;lhtJ vOj;jhf my;yJ %d;whtJ vOj;jhfj;jhd; tUk;.

cjhuzk; : vd;gd Nghd;whFk;.

Mdhy; ̀ k;]{ xU nrhy;ypd; Muk;gj;jpYk;> kj;jpapYk;> ,WjpapYk;

tUk;.

cjhuzk; :

kj;Jila Ie;J gbj;juq;fisAk; xNu ghh;itapy; Nehf;fy; kj;Jila Ie;J gbj;juq;fisAk; xNu ghh;itapy; Nehf;fy; kj;Jila Ie;J gbj;juq;fisAk; xNu ghh;itapy; Nehf;fy; kj;Jila Ie;J gbj;juq;fisAk; xNu ghh;itapy; Nehf;fy; kj;Jila Ie;J gbj;juq;fisAk; xNu ghh;itapy; Nehf;fy; :

1. fl;lhakhd kj;J

2. Kj;j]pyhd (Nrh;e;J tUfpd;w) kj;J

3. kj;J Mhpy; R$d; : R$d; nra;tjw;fhf Ntz;b ,ilapNy te;j

kj;J.

4. kj;J Kd;g]py; (kj;Jila vOj;ij tpl;Lk; ̀ k;R gphpe;J tUfpd;w

gj;J

5. kj;J gjy;

95

(1) fl;lhakhd kj;Jfl;lhakhd kj;Jfl;lhakhd kj;Jfl;lhakhd kj;Jfl;lhakhd kj;J

fl;lhakhd kj;J vd;gJ> kj;Jfspy; kpf gykhd kj;jhFk;. ,jidr;

Nrh;j;J> my;yJ epWj;jp XJfpd;w NghJ fl;lhakhf R$id itj;J Xj

Ntz;Lk;. ,J xU fypkhtpy; (xU nrhy;ypy;) my;yJ Xh; vOj;jpy;

Nrh;e;J tUk;. ,e;j kj;ij vg;NghJk; 6 ùfj;jpd; msT ePl;b epWj;jp

Xj Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

(2) Kj;j]pyhd kj;JKj;j]pyhd kj;JKj;j]pyhd kj;JKj;j]pyhd kj;JKj;j]pyhd kj;J

,J kj;Jfspy; ,uz;lhk; gbj;juj;jpy; cs;sJ. ,jpy; tUfpd;w

`k;R epiyahdjhFk;. mjid ePf;fg;glkhl;lhJ. ,J xU nrhy;ypy;

Nrh;e;J tUk;. ,J tpj;jpahrkhd Kiwapy; ePl;b Xjfpd;w kj;jhFk;.

,tw;Ws; :

mypGf;F cjhuzk; :

thTf;F cjhuzk; :

ahTf;F cjhuzk; :

,J fypkhtpy; (nrhy;ypy;) kj;Jila vOj;Jld; `k;R Nrh;e;J

te;jpUg;gjdhy; jhd; ,jw;F Kj;j]py; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jid

Nrh;j;J my;yJ epWj;jp XJfpd;w rkaj;jpy; ehd;F my;yJ Ie;J ̀ ufj;jpd;

msT ePl;b Xj KbAk;. Mdhy; ,jid epWj;jp XJfpd;w rkaj;jpy;

,Wjpapy; `k;R te;jpUe;jhy; mjid MW ùfj;jpd; msT ePl;b Xj

Ntz;Lk;.

cjhuzk; :

96

,Wjpapy; tUfpd;w `k;R rpy rkaj;jpy; gjFk;> rpy rkaj;jpy;

f];Uk;> rpy rkaj;jpy; yk;Kk; nra;ag;gl;L tUk;.

cjhuzk; :

(3) kj;J Mhpy; R$d;kj;J Mhpy; R$d;kj;J Mhpy; R$d;kj;J Mhpy; R$d;kj;J Mhpy; R$d;

,J ,ila+uhf te;Js;s R$dhFk;. ,jid ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;.

,J kj;Jfspy; %d;whtJ ,lj;ij tfpf;fpd;wJ.

,e;j kj;J> kj;Jila vOj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; my;yJ yPDila

vOj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; epWj;Jtjw;fhf ,ila+whf tUfpd;w xU R$dhFk;.

yPDila vOj;ijg; gw;wpa tpsf;fk; fPNo Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

cjhuzk; :

,jid Fiwe;jgl;rk; ,uz;L ̀ ufj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj KbAk;.

Mdhy; ,jid 4 ùfj;Jila msT my;yJ 6 ùfj;Jila msTk;

ePl;b epWj;jp Xj KbAk;.

(4) kj;J Kd;g]py; vd;gJkj;J Kd;g]py; vd;gJkj;J Kd;g]py; vd;gJkj;J Kd;g]py; vd;gJkj;J Kd;g]py; vd;gJ

kj;Jila vOj;ij tpl;Lk; `k;R gphpe;J te;jpUg;gjdhy; ,jw;F

kj;J Kd;g]py; vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLk;. ,J kj;Jf;fspy; 4 MtJ ,lj;ij

tfpf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j kj;ij ePl;b XJfpd;w mstpy; tpj;jpahrk; cz;L.

me;j tifapy; ,jid 4 my;yJ 5 ùfj;Jila msT ePl;b Xj

KbAk;. cjhuzk; :

97

(5) kj;J gjy;kj;J gjy;kj;J gjy;kj;J gjy;kj;J gjy;

kj;J gjy; vd;gJ> `k;Rf;Fg; gjpyhf tUfpd;w kj;jhFk;. ,J

Ie;jhtJ ,lj;ij tfpf;fpd;wJ.

cjhuzk; :

Vida kj;Jfspy; fhuzq;fs; $wg;gl;Ls;sd. ,jpy; fhuzq;fs;

$wg;gltpy;iy.

kj;Jila vOj;jpw;Fk; yPDila vOj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s

tpj;jpahrk;.

Fwpg;ghf : mypg; kj;Jila `h;ghfTk; yPDila vOj;jhfTk;

tUk;.

Mdhy; thTk; ahTk; R$d; nra;ag;gl;L> thTf;F Kd;dhy; cs;s

vOj;jpw;F yk;K nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy;> thTk; ahTk; kj;Jila vOj;njd;Wk;

yPDila vOj;Jf;fs; vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;. mNj Nghd;W R$d; nra;ag;gl;l

ahTf;F Kd;dhy; cs;s vOj;jpw;F f];U nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy;> thTk;

ahTk; kj;Jila vOj;J vd;Wk; yPDila vOj;J vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;.

cjhuzk; :

Mdhy; thTf;Fk;> ahTf;Fk; R$d; nra;ag;gl;L> mtw;Wf;F Kd;dhy;

cs;s vOj;JfSf;F gjF nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy; thTk;> ahTk; yPDila

vOj;jhff; fzpf;fg;gLk;. mit kj;Jila vOj;jhff; fzpf;fg;glkhl;lh.

cjhuzk; :

98

xNu Neuj;jpy; ,uz;L kj;Jfs; tUfpd;w NghJ mtw;iw XJfpd;wxNu Neuj;jpy; ,uz;L kj;Jfs; tUfpd;w NghJ mtw;iw XJfpd;wxNu Neuj;jpy; ,uz;L kj;Jfs; tUfpd;w NghJ mtw;iw XJfpd;wxNu Neuj;jpy; ,uz;L kj;Jfs; tUfpd;w NghJ mtw;iw XJfpd;wxNu Neuj;jpy; ,uz;L kj;Jfs; tUfpd;w NghJ mtw;iw XJfpd;w

Kiw :Kiw :Kiw :Kiw :Kiw :

mjhtJ> kj;J Kd;g]pYk;> kj;J gjYk; xd;W Nrh;e;J te;jhy;

kj;J Kd;g]piy Kw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzk; :

,jpy; vd;w `k;R> kj;Jila thTf;F Kd;dhy; te;Js;sJ.

,J kj;J gjyhFk;.

vd;w nrhy;ypYs;s ,uz;lhtJ `k;Rf;F Kd;dhy; R$d;

nra;ag;gl;l epiyapy; kj;Jila tht; te;Js;sJ. ,J kj;J

Kd;g]piyr; rhh;e;jJ. ,e;j ,lj;jpy; kj;J Kd;g]py; kj;J gjiy

tplTk; cWjpahdjhf ,Ug;gjdhy; kj;J Kd;g]pypd; mbg;gilapy;

jhd; ,ij Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,q;F kj;J gjiy tpl;Ltpl Ntz;Lk;.

mLj;J Kj;j]pyhd ,uz;L kj;JfSk;> Kd;g]pyhd ,uz;L

kj;JfSk; kj;J MhpY]; R$Dk; xNu trdj;jpy; xd;W Nrh;e;J te;jpUe;jhy;

mit ,uz;Lf;Fkpilapy; rhprkdhf ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. xd;iwf; $l;b

ePl;lNth> my;yJ Fiwj;J ePl;lNth $lhJ. xd;W 4 ùfj;Jila

msT ePl;bdhy; kw;wijAk; 4 ùfj;Jila msT ePl;l Ntz;Lk;. mNj

Nghd;W xd;iw 5 ̀ ufj;jpd; msT ePl;bdhy; kw;wijAk; 5 ̀ ufj;Jila

msT ePl;b Xj Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzk; :

99

100

101

m`;fhKj; j[;tPj;(Gdpj my;Fh;Mid XJtjw;fhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs;)

7-CM14801

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