ThisprojecthasreceivedfundingfromtheEuropeanUnion’sSeventhProgrammeforresearch,technologicaldevelopmentanddemonstrationundergrantagreementNo608702.

WP2 - Project Initiation

Key Innovation Form

C O L L E C T I V E D R A I N A G E N E T W O R K :

H E A T I N G A N D C O O L I N G B Y

G R O U N D W A T E R P U M P I N G

DELIVERABLE INFORMATION

Number D2.2 Reviewers BenjaminGIRON-HESPTitle KeyInnovationForms Nature R–Report

Leadorganization Hespul Disseminationlevel PU–Public;Mainauthor(s) Jean-LucDUVILLIER DeliveryDate 07/07/2017Contributors GlennMUNIN Reviewers

VERSION HISTORY

Version Date Author/Reviewer Description0.1 05/05/2017 GlennMunin Firstdraft1.0 15/05/2017 BenjaminGIRON-HESP Provisoryversion1.1 10/07/2017 Jean-LucDUVILLIER Finaldrafttobereviewed1.2 19/07/2017 BenjaminGIRON-HESP Approvedversion

DHC

KIF–Collectivedrainagenetwork:heatingandcoolingbygroundwaterpumping–Presqu’îleareaofGrenoble–June2017

Collectivedrainagenetwork:heatingandcoolingbygroundwaterpumpingNON-TECHNICALSUMMARY

MAIN INFORMATION

• Subtitle:Aninnovativewaytoefficientlyproduceheatingandcoolingforbuildings(housing,offices,tertiary)inahighdensityurbandistrictusinggroundwaterheatpumpsataverylargescale.

• Principle: Grenoble’s area is characterized by a widerange of temperatures from seasons to seasons, due to

itscontinentalclimateanditsaltitude(verycoldinwinter

andveryhotinsummer,withheatwaveperiods).

The urban development project of the Presqu’île area

(forecast of 300 000 square meters of buildings) was a

greatopportunity todevelopefficientandenergy saving

solutionstorespondtoheatingandcoolingneeds.

Therefore, in addition to work on the buildings

performance, the opportunity to use the energy of the

water table located under the ground of the Presqu’île

areaasa freeandunlimitedenergysourcewasvaluable

way to meet the city’s ambitious climate & energy

targets.Heatpumps,usingtheenergystoredinthewater

table to supplybuildings,areveryeffective solutions for

heating and cooling. The aimed coefficient of

performance (COP) for energy production for thewhole

project is up to6,whichmeans6more timesof energy

producedthanconsumed.

The collective drainage network system is a performing

andinnovativesolutionbywhicheverybuildingownerin

thePresqu’îleareahasthepossibilitytouseaheatpump

(heating and cooling supplies), without affecting the

quality of water table temperature nor the

implementation of the buildings: with a standard heat

pump, the outlet boreholes dimensions (number,

location, injection capacity,…)directly impacts thewater

table temperature and – therefore - limit the urban

capacitytodeploythissolution.

• Location:Grenoble(France)

• District:CambridgedistrictofthePresqu’îlearea

• Work Progress? First collective drainage network

(exhaure1) isbuiltwith firstbuildings connected in the

Cambridge district. Network extension (exhaure2) will

occurassoonasnewbuildingshavetobeconnectedin

theDurand-Savoyatdistrict

• To be visited? Franck IZOARD, Project Directorfranck.izoard@innovia-sages.fr

NEWS & LINKS • http://www.cityzen-smartcity.eu/in-grenoble-presquile-ecodistrict-800-dwellings-heated-and-cooled-with-geothermal-

energy/

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz6YjpApU3Y&feature=youtu.be

• http://www.cityzen-smartcity.eu/ressources/heating-and-cooling/collective-drainage-for-optimal-performance-of-

groundwater-heat-pumps-in-dense-area/

OPPORTUNITIES, BARRIERS AND SOLUTIONS

Opportunities Barriers/Challenges Solutions

Technical(/Geographical)

• Very high density of buildings

(housing,offices,tertiary)tobebuilt

in the Presqu’îl area involving large

heatingandcoolingneeds

• Very active and tempered

groundwater (between 14°C and

16°C over the year) suitable to be

valorisedforheatingandcooling

• Dynamicmodels confirm the ability

to efficiently use the groundwater

withthecollectivedrainagenetwork

solution(pumpedwaternotdirectly

releasedinthegroundwateritself).

• Find a technical solution to avoidaffectingtheenergyefficiencyofthe

groundwater by effect of thermal

pollution(thermiccloud)

• Sizecorrectlythecollectivedrainagenetwork to be able to efficiently

connectthemaximumofbuildings

• Drastically reduce the heating andcoolingneedsofthebuildingsdueto

highdensityurbandistrict

• Provide a single technical solutionforheatingandDHWproduction.

• Don’toversizetheinstallations(heatpump, drill pump) located in each

building connected to the collective

drainage network not to exceed its

capacityandauthorization

• Simulations based on groundwater

modellinghavebeendone to check

the efficiency of the studied

solutions

• High performance specifications for

the buildings have been defined to

limit energy needs in the Presqu’île

area

• Engineeringstudieshavebeendoneto design the collective drainage

network regarding the real energy

needs(nooversize)

• Double service heat pump used for

bothheatingandDHWproduction

• Engineering support provided to

buildings owners to help in sizing

theinstallations

Political/Legal

• Ability to use a single energy

solution for heating and cooling for

all the buildings built in the

Presqu’îlearea

• Ability tohaveauniquecontract toauthorizeusingofgroundwaterheat

pumpbyeachbuildingconnectedto

thecollectivedrainagenetwork

• Public organization (Grenoble AlpesMetropole – LA METRO) with the

right competency, ability and

responsibilitytoexploitandmanage

the public collective network once

deliveredandoperational

• Highnumberof involvedactorsand

mixedprivate/publicgovernance

• The use of the collective drainagenetwork is restricted by special

authorization rules granted by

governmentaloffices

• Outflows and volumes of the

pumped water released .through

the collective drainage network are

strictlylimited

• Maximum temperature of outlet

water released to the river of Isere

mustalwaysbeunder18.5°C.

• Monitoring instrumentation is

necessarytochecktheauthorization

requirements

• A prefectural order n°DDPP-ENV-2016-09-06 has been granted for

many buildings (300000 square

meters)

• The public collective network

exploitation is under the

responsibilityofLAMETRO.

• A contract is signed between eachbuilding’s owner and LA METRO to

controlauthorizationrequirements

• Monitoring is put in place for daily

control with centralized data

checking by LA METRO (using CIS

box)

Financial/Economic

• Mutualizedcollectivenetworkwhich

allows to reduce costs : only one

boreholebybuilding(insteadof2)

• Better energy efficiency limiting

heating and cooling expenses for

inhabitants

• Costofheatpumpanddrilling

• Cost of monitoring instrumentation

andCISbox

• Subsidies from Cityzen help to

finance the upper cost of collective

drainagenetwork

Social

• Inhabitants will have a significantdecrease of their electricity bills

regardingtheheatingandtheDHW.

• Buildings will have better heatingduring winter and better cooling

duringsummer.

• Inhabitants of the buildings couldhave difficulties in understanding

the technical innovation and the

advantagetheywilltakefromit

• A note explaining the geothermal

system will be designed by the

urban developers to explain the

objectives of the project to the

inhabitants.

Environmental

• Collective drainage network

minimizes the thermic and

environmental impact on the

groundwater.

• Sustainable development in

reducing the consumption of fossil

energy.

• The solution drastically reduces theconsumption of electricity (heat

pumpcoefficientofperformanceup

to6)

• Thetemperatureoftheoutletwater

in the Isère isn't a perturbation

sourcesforthebiodiversity.

• Low impact for river of Isere

requires respecting the maximum

difference of temperature between

pumpedandthereleasedofwater:

4°Kinwinterand2°Kinsummer

• Environmental impact must be

automatically checked with

instruments (sensors) installed in

eachbuilding

• Heavy administration staff caused

bytheenvironmentalissue

• Instruments are installed to control

the water temperature before and

afterpumping.

• Significant progress has been

achieved in creating management

tools(dynamicmodels)oftheurban

water table, able to guarantee a

sustainable use of the water

resource at the very large scale of

thePresqu’îlearea

Exhaure1 Exhaure2

KIF–Collectivedrainagenetwork:heatingandcoolingbygroundwaterpumping–Presqu’îleareaofGrenoble–June2017

Collectivedrainagenetwork:heatingandcoolingbygroundwaterpumpingTECHNICALSUMMARY

DESCRIPTION OF THE INNOVATION AND RATIONALE FOR THE SELECTION

Thesolutionconsistsindeployingefficientheatpumps(doubleserviceheatpumpproducingbothheatingandDHW)using

theenergylocatedbetweenthetwothermicwells-groundwaterandriverISERE.Moreover,thesolutionisreversibleand

canalsoprovide coolingduring summer.However, as itwas technically impossible tohave suchahighdensityofheat

pumps using the water table in the same close district, it was not possible to use standard heat pumps installations

rejectingthepumpedwaterdirectlyunderthebuildings(classicalgeothermaldoublet).

Theinnovationconsistsinusingonlyonegeothermalborehole(inlet)bybuildingandcollectingthewaterrejectedbythe

heatpumpsofallthebuildingsinadedicatedcollectivedrainagenetworkthatdirectlygoestotheriverofIsere.Thanksto

this principle, the use of the collective drainage network avoids affecting the energy efficiency of the heat pumps

themselvesbyeffectofthermalpollution(thermicclouds).

Indeed,geothermal solutionsdeveloped foranobjectiveof300000squaremetersofbuildings,withoutdisturbanceof

oneonanother,istheinnovativechallenge.Therealefficiencyofthecollectivedrainagenetworkhasbeentestedbefore

its installation by using a dynamic model of the groundwater which allowed forecasting the thermal and piezometric

behaviourofthewatertable.

Due to legal authorization rules, the volume, debit and temperature of the pumped water released in the collective

drainagenetworkhavetobecontrolledusingspecializedinstruments(sensors)locatedineachbuilding.Instrumentations

dataarecentralizedbyaspeciallydesignedcomputercalledCISandmonitoredbyGrenobleAlpesMetropole(LAMETRO),

thepublicfacilitywhichisinchargetoexploitthecollectivedrainagenetwork.

LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT

TRL 1: Basic principles observed

TRL 2: Technology concept formulated

TRL 3: Experimental proof of concept

TRL 4 Technology validated in lab

TRL 5 Technology validated in relevant environment

TRL 6 Technology demonstrated in relevant environment

TRL 7 System prototype demonstration in operational environment X

TRL 8 System complete and qualified

TRL 9 Actual system proven in operational environment

WHAT ARE THE MOST RELEVANT DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS?

• Global management of the groundwater with the development of tools (dynamic models) able to guarantee a

sustainableuseofthewaterresourceandenergyefficiencyattheverylargescaleofthePresqu’îlearea.

• Uniquelegalcontractsignedwiththeregionalauthorities(prefectureofIsere)togranttheuseofgroundwaterheat

pumpataverylargescaleurbandistrict(firstdemonstratorinFrance).

EXPECTED IMPACTS OF THE INNOVATION

Thisprojectdemonstratestheadvantagebroughtbymutualizingthewaterdrainageusinggroundwaterheatpumpsfor

heatingandcoolinginaverydensedistrict.Bydoingso,ithelpstooptimizethefutureuseofthewatertableforenergy

needsinurbanarea(renewableenergyandsustainableresource).

¨ ImpactonEnergy(supplyorsavings)&greenhousegasreductionexpected

Geothermalproductionforheating,coolinganddomestichotwater(DHW)isveryefficientbyusinggroundwaterheat

pumpsreachingacoefficientofperformanceupto6whichmeansthatfor1electrickWhusedintheheatpump,6heat

kWhareproduced(5kWharerenewableasitiswaterenergy).Collectivedrainagenetworkgivesthecapabilitytoreach

thishighlevelofefficiencyataverylargescaleofbuildingsdensity(urbandistrict).Consideringenergyconsumptionat

about15.000MWhperyear(heatingandDHW,withoutcooling)forthePresqu’îlearea,theexpectedgreenhousegas

reductionisabout3.500TofCO2peryear.

¨ Widerpotentialbenefitsforcities

• Energyheatingproducing=upto12.000MWhPE/yearsfromarenewableenergy.

• 2.000housingswillbesuppliedbytheheatfromthegroundwaterpumping.

• Totalof300000squaremetersofbuildings(housing,offices,tertiary)connectedtothecollectivedrainagenetwork

¨ Otherimpacts

Thedemonstrationof thecollectivedrainagenetworksystemat the largescaleof thePresqu’îlearea (27ha)canseta

precedent and canhelp dealingwith law issues (water law) formanyother projects in Franceusing groundwater heat

pumpsinahighdensityurbandistrict.

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC VIABILITY

• Thecollectivedrainagenetworkisquitesimpleonatechnologicalpointofviewbutitneedstodesignagroundwater

model to guarantee the capability of the global installation to achieve long term energy efficiency with low

environmentalimpact.

• The use of the collective drainage network is restricted by a specific prefectural order granting the possibility to

connectallthefuturebuildingstoit.

• Eachbuildingconnectedtothecollectivedrainagenetworkmustbeequippedwithinstrumentstocheckthatthelegal

requirementsareachieved

• Buildings owners have to pay a fee to LA METRO for using the collective drainage network. The fee amount is

balancedbythecostsavingsinvolvedbytheefficiencyoftheglobalsolution(heatpumpsandcollectivenetwork).

INTEGRATED MEASURES

¨ Integratedmeasurescombiningmultipleofthedomains:buildings,smartgridsanddistrictheating

andcooling

• Theprojectcombinesdifferenttechnicaldomains,suchasbuildingsefficiency,globalgroundwatermanagementand

energyproduction(byheatpumps).

• Theproject impliesLAMETROforthefacilitymanagementandthebuilding’sownersasusers. InnoVia isthemixed

private/publiccompanyforthedevelopmentofthePresqu’îledistrictwhichdesignedthecollectivedrainagenetwork.

¨ Whichotherstakeholderswouldneedtobeinvolvedintheimplementationofthekeyinnovation?

• Engineeringcompaniesfordesigning,implementingandinstrumentingthecollectivedrainagenetwork

• Administrationauthoritiestogranttheauthorizationofusingthecollectivedrainagenetwork

CHALLENGES TO BE ADDRESSED BY CITY- ZEN

• The main challenge was to get the right to use the collective drainage network from the local administration

authorities(waterlaw).

• Theotheronewastoputinplacethesolutionforthedatamonitoringandtodeployittoeachbuildingconnectedto

thecollectivedrainagenetwork.