Wilo Formula's Booklet

7/23/2019 Wilo Formula's Booklet

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EngineeringHandbook

Pioneering for You


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1 General 1

SI base units2 2

Decimal multiples and submultiples of units3 2

Letter symbols and SI units in power transmission engineering4 3

Important equations with physical quantities5 6

Important equations with numerical values6 7

6.1- Power 7

6.2- Torque 8

6.3- Work 8

6.4- Electric motor characteristics 9

Conversion factors7 10

Conversion tables8 19

9 28Tensile Strength

10 29Periodic System

11 Affinity Laws

Ex Markings Degree of protection (IP Code)

Flow Conversion Table 31-37

This Wilo publication must not be reproduced in any form, either in whole or in part, without prior

permission of the publisher. All rights reserved.

Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information provided based on currentinternational standards, but no warranty is expressed or implied and no liability, arising from errors or

omissions, can be accepted. Suggestions for additions or amendments will be welcomed by Wilo (UK) Ltd.

Contents


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1

General

The "International System of units", identified internationally

as "SI" (Systme International d'Units), is replacing the older

systems used in science and technology throughout the world.lt has been adopted by a resolution of the "Conference

Generale des Poids et Mesures" (CGPM) as ISO

Recommendation R 1000, in February 1969.

There is a SI base unit for each of the physical quantities:

length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic

temperature, and luminous intensity, which by convention areregarded as being dimensionally independent. The SI unit of

any other quantity is derived by dimensionally appropriate

simple multiplications and divisions of the SI base units

without the introduction of any numerical factors. Such a

system of units is called "coherent". lt is also independent of

the effects of earth's gravity.

There is a strict distinction between the mass with the kg as its

unit and the weight, that is the force due to gravity, given in

the new unit N (newton). The force of 1 N will give the mass of

1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s.

1


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SI base units

Quantity Unit Symbol Name

length m metre

mass kg kilogramtime s second

electric current A ampere

thermodynamic temperature K kelvin

luminious intensity cd candela

Decimal multiples and submultiples of units

Factor Prefix Symbol

1210 tera T

910 giga G

610 mega M

310 kilo k2

10 hecta h

10 deca da-1

10 deci d-2

10 centi c-3

10 milli m-6

10 micro -910 nano n-12

10 pico p-15

10 femto f-18

10 atto a

2

3


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Letter Symbols and SI units in power transmission engineering

Symbol Quantity SI Unit Symbol Name

Geometry

A area m square metre

, , plane angle rad radian

degree

b breadth m metre

d, thickness m metre

d diameter m metre

h height m metre

l length m metrer radius m metre

s length of path m metre

V volume m cubic metre

Time and periodic phenomena

a acceleration (linear) m/s angular acceleration rad/s

f frequency Hz hertz

g acceleration of free fall m/s

n rotational frequency (number of revolutions per unit time or

rotational speed) 1/s 1 per second

angular velocity rad/s radian per second time constant s second

t time s second

v velocity (linear speed) m/s metre per second

4


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Mechanics

E modulus of elasticity

(Youngs modulus) Pa pascal

F force N newton

G(W) weight N newton

J moment of inertia kgm kilogram/metre squared

M(T) torque Nm newton metre

M mass kg kilogram

P power W wattP pressure Pa pascal

density (mass density) kg/m

stress Pa pascal

W(E) work (energy) J joule

efficiency 1

coefficient of friction 1

Thermodynamics

temperatures coefficienct 1/K 1per kelvin

T thermodynamic temperature K kelvin

t, Celsius temperature C degree Celsius

T, tmperature rise K kelvin


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Electricity

C capacitance F farad

G conductance S siemens

I electric current A ampere

J current density A/m ampere per square metre

P active power W watt

Q reactive power var var

R resistance ohm

S apparent power VA voltampereU (V) voltage, tension V

potential difference volt

X reastance ohm

Z impedance ohm

Magnetism

B magnetic flux density, T tesla

magnetic induction

magnetic flux density Wb weber

H matnetic field strength A/m ampere per metre

L self inductance H henry


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Important Equations with Physical Quantities

Linear Motion Rotary Motion

v = = 2 n

v = r = 2 n r

s = v t = t = 2 n r

a = =

M = F r

P = F v P = M

F = m a M = J

W = F s W = M

W = W =

J = m r

5

st

ta

vta

m v J

2 2


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Important Equations with numerical values for power transmission engineering

International System Imperial System

6.1 Power

Lifting motion

P = P =

Linear motion

P = P =

F = m g F = WR R

Rotary motion

P = N =

P Power in kW P Power in hpF Frictional resistance in N F Frictional resistance in lbfR Rm Mass in kg W Weight in lb

2g Accelaration of free fall (9.81 in m/s )v Velocity in m/s v Velocity in ft/min Efficiency in decimals Efficiency in decimals

Coefficient of friction Coefficient of frictionM Torque in Nm M Torque in lbf ftn Rotational speed in 1/min or r/min n Rotational speed in rpm

6

33000

W v

1000

m g v

F vR

1000

F vR

33000

M n

9550

M n

5250

Q=Flow MH

H = Head Mtr

P = Fluid density

total = pump & motor

= Efficiency

kW = P2

Q H P3.67 total

= kW Efficiency

p = m +

t = p m

PH

P2

P2

P1

Head

(p g) + (h2 - h1) + (V2 - V1)

(p2 - p1)

(2 g)

= H


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6.2 Torque

M = F r M = F r

M = M =

M Torque in Nm M torque in lbf ftF Force in N F force in lbfr Radius of lever in m r Radius in lever in ft

P Power in kW P Power in hpn Rotational speed in 1/min or r/min n Rotational speed in rpm

6.3 Work

W = F s = m g s W = F sW = J n / 182.5 W = WK n / 5880W Work (energy) in Nm = WS = J W Work (energy) in lbf ft

F Force in N F Force in lbfs Length of path in m s Length of path in ftm Mass in kgg Acceleration of free fall (9.81) in m/sJ Moment of inertia in kgm WK Flywheel effect in lb ftn Rotational speed in 1/min or r/min n Rotational speed in rpm

9550 P

n

5250 P

n


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6.4 Electric motor characteristics

Input P =el

P =mec

Output U =

T =

P - Power in kWU - Line voltage in VI - Line current in A

cos - Power factor in decimals - Motor efficiency in decimalsR - Ohmic resistance in

T - Temperature rise of the winding in K - Temperature of the winding in C

Subscript

el: electrical

mec: mechanical

fin: at final (warm) state

amb: at ambient (cold) stateR - Rfin amb

Ramb(235 + )amb

3 U I cos

1000

3 U I cos x

1000

I R


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Conversion Factors

Length

m dm cm mm

1 m = 1 10 100 1000

1 dm = 0.1 1 10 100

1 cm = 0.01 0.01 1 10

1 mm = 0.001 0.01 0.1 1

1 yd = 0.9144 9.144 91.44 914.4

1 ft = 0.3048 3.048 30.48 304.8-31 in = 25.4 10 0.254 2.54 25.4-6 -6 -3 -31 mil = 25.4 10 254 10 2.54 10 25.4 10

yd ft in mil

31 m = 1.094 3.281 39.37 39.4 10

1 dm = 0.1094 0.3281 3.937 3937-3 -31 cm = 10.9 10 32.8 10 0.3937 393.7-3 -3 -31 mm = 1.09 10 3.28 10 39.4 10 39.37

31 yd = 1 3 36 36 1031 ft = 0.3333 1 12 12 10

-3 -31 in = 27.8 10 83.3 10 1 1000-6 -6 -31 mil = 27.8 10 83.3 10 1 10 1

1 mile (statute or British mile) = 1760 yd = 5280 ft = 1609.344 m

1 n mile (nautical mile) = 6080 ft = 1853 m

1 km = 39370 in = 3281 ft = 1093.6 yd = 0.6214 mile

= 0.5396 n mile

1 fathom = 6 ft = 1.8288 m

7


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Conversion Factors

Area

m dm cm mm

3 61m = 1 100 10 X 10 1 X 1031 dm = 0.01 1 100 10 x 10

-31 cm = 0.1 10 0.01 1 100-6 -31 mm = 1 10 0.1 10 0.01 1

31 yd = 0.8361 83.61 8361 836 10-3 31 ft = 92.9 10 9.29 929.03 92.9 10

-3 -31 in = 0.645 10 64.5 10 6.4516 645.16-6 -31 CM = 5.07 10 0.507 10

yd ft in CM

1m = 1.196 10.764 1550 --31 dm = 12 10 0.1076 15.5 -

-3 -3 31 cm = 0.12 10 1.08 10 0.155 197 10-3 31 mm = 1.2 10^(-6) 10.8 10^(-6) 1.55 10 1.97 10

1 yd = 1 9 1296 -61 ft = 0.1111 1 144 183 10

-6 -3 61 in = 772 10 6.94 10 1 1.27 10-9 -61 CM = 5.45 10 0.785 10 1

1 square mile = 640 acres = 2.590 km = 259 ha

1 acre = 4840 yd = 0.405 ha = 4047 m

1 km = 0.386 sq. mile = 100 ha = 10000a

1 ha = 100 a = 2.471 acres = 11959.6 yd

1a = 100 m = 119.6 yd = 1076.4 ft


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Conversion Factors

Volume

m dm cm yd

61m = 1 1000 1 10 1.3079-3 -31 dm = 1 10 1 1000 1.3 10-6 -3 -61 cm = 1 10 1 10 1 1.3 10

1 yd = 0.765 764.6 765 10 1-3 -31 ft = 28.3 10 28.32 28.3 10 37 10-6 -3 -61 in = 16.4 10 16.4 10 16.39 21.4 10-3 -3

1 gal (UK) = 4.55 10 4.546 4.546 5.95 10-3 -31 gal (US) = 3.79 10 3.785 3.785 4.95 10

ft in gal (UK) gal (US)

1m = 35.32 61.02 10 220 264.2-31 dm = 35.3 10 61.02 0.22 0.2642-6 -3 -3 -31 cm = 35.3 10 61 10 0.22 10 0.26 10

1 yd = 27 46.7 10 168.2 2021 ft = 1 1728 6.229 7.481-6 -3 -31 in = 579 10 1 3.6 10 4.3 10

1 gal (UK) = 0.1605 277 1 1.201

1 gal (US) = 0.1337 231 0.8327 1

1 bushel (UK) = 8gal (UK) = 64 pt (UK) = 36.371

1 bushel (US) = 0.969 bu (UK) = 352411 pint (UK) =gal (UK) = 0.56821

1 liqu. Pt (US) =gal (UK) = 0.47321

1 l = 1.76 pt (UK) = 2.113 liqu. pt (US)


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Conversion Factors

Force and Weight

N kp p

1 N = 1 0.102 102

1 kp = 9.807 1 1000-3 -31 p = 9.81 10 1 10 1

-5 -6 -31 dyn = 1 10 1.02 10 1.02 1061 tonf = 9964 1016 1.02 10

1 lbf = 4.448 0.4536 453.6-31 ozf = - 28.4 10 28.35

dyn tonf (UK) lbf ozf

5 -61 N = 1 10 100.4 10 0.2248 3.597-31 kp = 981 10^3 0.984 10 2.205 35.27-6 -3 -31 p = 980.7 0.984 10 2.2 10 35.3 10

-3 -6 -61 dyn = 1 1 10 2.25 10 36 106 31tonf(UK)= 996 10 1 2240 35.8 103 -61 lbf = 445 10 446 10 1 163 -6 -31 ozf = 27.8 10 27.9 10 62.5 10 1

1 (long) ton (UK) = 160 stones = 2240 lb = 1.016 t

1 (short) ton (US) = 142.9 stones = 2000 lb = 0.907 t

1 stone = 14 lb = 224oz = 6.35 kg

1 ton = 20 cwt

1 cwt (UK) = 4 quarters = 8 stones = 112 lb1 cwt (US) = 100 lb = 45.36 kg

1 t = 1000 kg = 0.984 ton (UK) = 1.101 ton (US)


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Conversion Factors

Velocity

km/h m/min m/s

1 km/h = 1 16.667 0.2778-31 m/min = 0.06 1 16.7 x 10

1 m/s = 3.6 60 1

1 mile/h = 1.609 26.82 0.447-3 -31 ft/min = 18.3 10 0.3048 5.08 10

1 ft/s = 1.097 18.288 0.3048-3 -31 in/s = 91 10 1.524 25.4 10

mile/h ft/min ft/s in/s

1 km/h = 0.6214 54.68 0.9113 10.936-3 -31 m/min = 37.3 10 3.281 54.7 10 0.656

1 m/s = 2.237 196.85 3.281 39.37

1 mile/h = 1 88 1.467 17.6-3 -31 ft/min = 11.4 10 1 16.7 10 0.2

1 ft/s = 0.6818 60 1 12-3 -31 in/s = 56.8 10 5 88.3 10 1


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Conversion Factors

Torque

Nm cNm kgfm

1 Nm = 1 100 0.10197-31 cNm = 0.01 1 1.02 10

1 kgfm = 9.8067 980.67 1-6 -3 -61 cpm = 98.1 10 9.81 10 10 10

1 lbf ft = 1.356 135.6 0.1383-31 lbf in = 0.1129 11.29 11.5 10

-3 -31 ozf in = 7.062 10 0.7062 0.72 10

cpm lbf ft lbf in ozf in

31 Nm = 10.2 10 0.73756 8.8507 141.61-3 -31 cNm = 101.97 7376 10 88.5 10 1.4161

31 kgfm = 100 10 7.233 86.796 1389-6 -6 -31 cpm = 1 72.3 10 868 10 13.9 10

31 lbf ft = 13.8 10 1 12 192-31 lbf in = 1152 83.3 10 1 16-3 -31 ozf in = 72.01 5.21 10 62.5 10 1


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Conversion Factors

Power

kW PS hp

1 kW = 1 1.36 1.3411 PS = 0.7355 1 0.98631 hp = 0.7457 1.014 1

-3 -3 -31 kgfm/s = 9.81 10 13.33 10 13.15 10-3 -3 -31 ft lbf/s = 1.36 10 1.84 10 1.82 10

1 kcal/s = 4.1868 5.692 5.6151 Btu/s = 1.055 1.435 1.415

kgfm/s ft lbf/s kcal/s Btu/s

1 kW = 102 737.6 0.2388 0.94781 PS = 75 542.5 0.1757 0.69711 hp = 76.04 550 0.1781 0.7068

-3 -31 kgfm/s = 1 7.233 2.342 10 9.295 10-3 -31 ft lbf/s = 0.1383 1 0.324 10 1.285 10

1 kcal/s = 426.9 3088 1 3.9681 Btu/s = 107.6 778.2 0.252 1


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Conversion Factors

Pressure and stress

N/m bar kgf/m

-51 N/m = 1 1 10 0.1025 31 bar = 1 10 1 10.2 10

-61 kgf/m = 9.81 98.1 10 13 31 kgf/cm = 98.1 10 0.981 10 106 61 kgf/mm = 9.81 10 98.1 1 10

-61 lbf/yd = 5.32 53.2 10 0.543-61 lbf/ft = 47.88 479 10 4.882

3 -31 lbf/in = 6.89 10 68.9 10 7036 61 tonf/in = 15.4 10 154 1.58 10

kgf/cm kgf/mm lbf/yd

-6 -61 N/m = 10.2 10 0.102 10 0.188-3 31 bar = 1.02 10.2 10 18.8 10

-3 -61 kgf/m = 0.1 10 1 10 1.8433

1 kgf/cm = 1 0.01 18.4 1061 kgf/mm = 100 1 1.84 10-6 -61 lbf/yd = 54 10 0.54 10 1

-3 -61 lbf/ft = 0.488 10 4.88 10 9-3 -31 lbf/in = 70.3 10 0.703 10 1296

61 tonf/in = 157.5 1.575 2.9 10

lbf/ft lbf/in tonf/in

-3 -6 -91 N/m = 20.88 10 145 10 64.75 103 -31 bar = 2.088 10 14.5 6.475 10

-3 -61 kgf/m = 0.2048 142 10 0.64 103 -31 kgf/cm = 2.05 10 14.223 6.4 10

3 31 kgf/mm = 205 10 1.422 10 0.6349-6 -61 lbf/yd = 0.1111 772 10 0.345 10

-3 -61 lbf/ft = 1 6.94 10 3.1 10-31 lbf/in = 144 1 0.446 10

61 tonf/in = 0.323 10 2240 1


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Conversion Factors

Temperature

vF wC x K yRau zR

vF v 5/9 (v-32) 5/9 (v - 32) + 273 4/9 (v-32) v + 460

wC 9/5 w + 32 w w + 273 4/5 w 9/5 w + 492

x K 9/5 x - 460 x - 273 x 4/5 (x-273) 9/5 x

yRau 9/5 y + 32 5/4 y 5/4 y + 273 y 9/4 y + 492

zR z - 460 5/9 z - 273 5/9 z 4/9 z - 219 z

Reference points of temperature

Boiling point of water:

212 F 100 C 373.15 K 80 Rau 671.67 R

Freezing Point of water:32 F 0 C 273.15 K 0 Rau 491.67 R

Absolute zero:

-459.67 F -273.15 C 0 K R


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Conversion Tables

Length

1/64 0.016 0.4

1/32 0.031 0.80

3/64 0.046 1.20

1/16 0.062 1.59

5/64 0.078 1.99

3/32 0.093 2.38

7/64 0.109 2.78

1/8 0.125 3.189/64 0.14 3.58

5/32 0.156 3.97

11/64 0.171 4.37

3/16 0.187 4.77

13/64 0.203 5.16

7/32 0.218 5.56

15/64 0.234 5.95

1/4 0.25 6.3517/64 0.265 6.75

9/32 0.281 7.15

19/64 0.296 7.54

5/16 0.313 7.94

21/64 0.328 8.34

11/32 0.343 8.73

23/64 0.359 9.13

3/8 0.375 9.5325/64 0.390 9.93

13/32 0.406 10.32

27/64 0.421 10.72

7/16 0.437 11.12

29/64 0.453 11.51

15/32 0.468 11.91

31/64 0.484 12.31

1/2 0.500 12.70

33/64 0.515 13.10

17/32 0.531 13.49

35/64 0.546 13.89

9/16 0.562 14.29

37/64 0.578 14.68

19/32 0.593 15.08

39/64 0.609 15.48

5/8 0.625 15.8841/64 0.64 16.27

21/32 0.656 16.67

43/64 0.671 17.07

11/16 0.687 17.46

45/64 0.703 17.86

23/32 0.718 18.26

47/64 0.734 18.65

3/4 0.75 19.0549/64 0.765 19.45

25/32 0.781 19.84

51/64 0.796 20.24

13/16 0.812 20.64

53/64 0.828 21.03

27/32 0.843 21.43

55/64 0.859 21.83

7/8 0.875 22.2357/64 0.89 22.62

29/32 0.906 23.02

59/64 0.921 23.42

15/16 0.937 23.81

61/64 0.953 24.21

31/32 0.968 24.61

63/64 0.984 25.00

1 1.000 25.40

8

Fractions

of 1 inch

Decimal

inch mm

Fractions

of 1 inch

Decimal

inch mm


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Conversion Tables

Velocity

ft/min 0 1 2 3 4

0 0 0.0051 0.01 0.015 0.02

10 0.051 0.056 0.061 0.066 0.071

20 0.102 0.107 0.112 0.117 0.122

30 0.153 0.158 0.163 0.168 0.173

40 0.204 0.209 0.214 0.219 0.224

50 0.255 0.26 0.265 0.27 0.275

60 0.306 0.311 0.316 0.321 0.326

70 0.357 0.362 0.367 0.372 0.377

80 0.408 0.413 0.418 0.423 0.428

90 0.459 0.464 0.469 0.474 0.479

100 0.51 0.515 0.52 0.525 0.53

ft/min 5 6 7 8 9

0 0.026 0.031 0.036 0.041 0.046

10 0.077 0.087 0.087 0.092 0.097

20 0.128 0.138 0.138 0.143 0.148

30 0.179 0.189 0.189 0.194 0.199

40 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.245 0.25

50 0.281 0.291 0.291 0.296 0.301

60 0.332 0.342 0.342 0.347 0.352

70 0.383 0.393 0.393 0.398 0.403

80 0.434 0.444 0.444 0.449 0.454

90 0.485 0.495 0.495 0.5 0.505100 0.535 0.54 0.545 0.55 0.555


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Conversion Tables

Velocity

m/s 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04

0.0 0 1.97 3.94 5.91 7.88

0.1 19.7 21.7 23.6 25.6 27.6

0.2 39.4 41.3 43.3 45.3 47.3

0.3 59.1 61 63 65 66.9

0.4 78.7 80.7 82.7 84.7 86.6

0.5 98.4 100 102 104 106

0.6 118 120 122 124 126

0.7 138 140 142 144 146

0.8 157 159 161 163 165

0.9 177 179 181 183 185

1.0 197 199 201 203 205

m/s 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09

0.0 9.85 11.8 13.8 15.8 17.7

0.1 29.5 31.5 33.5 35.4 37.4

0.2 49.2 51.2 53.2 55.1 57.1

0.3 68.9 70.9 72.8 74.8 76.8

0.4 88.6 90.6 92.5 94.5 96.5

0.5 108 110 112 114 116

0.6 128 130 132 134 136

0.7 148 150 152 154 156

0.8 167 169 171 173 175

0.9 187 189 191 193 1951.0 207 209 211 213 215


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Conversion Tables

Torque

lbf / ft 0 1 2 3 4

0 0 1.356 2.712 4.068 5.423

10 13.56 14.91 16.27 17.63 18.99

20 27.12 28.47 29.83 31.18 32.54

30 40.68 42.03 43.39 44.74 46.1

40 54.23 55.59 56.94 58.3 59.66

50 67.79 69.15 70.5 71.86 73.21

60 81.35 82.71 84.06 85.42 86.77

70 94.91 96.26 97.62 98.98 100.33

80 108.47 109.82 111.18 112.53 113.89

90 122.02 123.38 124.74 126.09 127.45

100 135.58 136.94 138.3 139.66 141.02

lbf / ft 5 6 7 8 9

0 6.779 8.135 9.491 10.846 12.202

10 20.34 21.69 23.05 24.41 25.76

20 33.9 35.25 36.61 37.96 39.12

30 47.45 48.81 50.17 51.52 52.88

40 61.01 62.37 63.72 65.08 66.44

50 74.75 75.93 77.28 78.64 79.99

60 88.13 89.48 90.84 92.2 93.55

70 101.69 103.04 104.4 105.75 107.11

80 115.25 116.6 117.96 119.31 120.67

90 128.8 130.16 131.51 132.87 134.23100 142.38 143.74 145.1 146.46 147.82


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Conversion Tables

Torque

Nm 0 1 2 3 4

0 0 0.738 1.475 2.213 2.95

10 7.38 8.11 8.85 9.59 10.33

20 14.75 15.49 16.23 16.96 17.7

30 22.13 22.86 23.6 24.34 25.08

40 29.5 30.24 30.98 31.72 32.45

50 36.88 37.62 38.35 39.09 89.83

60 44.25 44.99 45.73 46.47 47.2

70 51.63 52.37 53.11 53.84 54.58

80 59.01 59.74 60.48 61.22 61.96

90 66.38 67.12 67.86 68.59 69.33

100 73.76 74.5 75.24 75.98 76.72

Nm 5 6 7 8 9

0 3.688 4.425 5.163 5.9 6.638

10 11.06 11.8 12.54 13.28 14.01

20 18.44 19.18 19.91 20.65 21.39

30 25.82 26.55 27.29 28.03 28.77

40 33.19 33.93 34.67 35.4 36.14

50 40.57 41.3 42.04 42.78 43.52

60 47.94 48.68 49.42 50.15 50.89

70 55.32 56.06 56.79 57.53 58.27

80 62.69 63.43 64.91 64.91 65.64

90 70.07 70.81 72.28 72.28 73.02100 77.46 78.2 78.94 79.68 80.42


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Conversion Tables

Power - Nominal ratings of horsepower to kilowatt / kilowatt to horsepower

hp kW hp kW hp kW

0.1 0.075 1 0.75 0.15 0.11 1.5 1.1 1/50 0.015 2 1.5 0.25 0.18

3 2.2 0.33 0.25

0.4 0.3 4 3

1/20 0.04 0.5 0.37 5 3.7 5.5 4 5.5 4 6 4.4 3/40 0.055 0.75 0.55 7.5 5.5


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Conversion Tables

Moment of inertia

Kilogram metre square to pound-force foot squared

kgm (mr) 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004

0.00 0 0.0237 0.0475 0.0712 0.0949

0.01 0.237 0.261 0.285 0.308 0.332

0.02 0.475 0.498 0.522 0.546 0.57

0.03 0.712 0.736 0.759 0.783 0.807

0.04 0.949 0.973 0.977 1.02 1.044

0.05 1.187 1.21 1.234 1.258 1.281

0.06 1.424 1.448 1.471 1.495 1.519

0.07 1.661 1.685 1.709 1.732 1.756

0.08 1.898 1.922 1.946 1.97 1.993

0.09 2.136 2.159 2.183 2.207 2.231

0.10 2.373 2.396 2.419 2.442 2.465

kgm (mr) 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009

0.00 0.1187 0.1424 0.1661 0.1898 0.2136

0.01 0.356 0.38 0.403 0.427 0.451

0.02 0.593 0.617 0.641 0.664 0.688

0.03 0.831 0.854 0.878 0.902 0.925

0.04 1.068 1.092 1.115 1.139 1.163

0.05 1.305 1.329 1.353 1.376 1.4

0.06 1.542 1.566 1.59 1.614 1.6370.07 1.78 1.803 1.827 1.851 1.875

0.08 2.017 2.041 2.065 2.088 2.112

0.09 2.254 2.278 2.302 2.326 2.349

0.10 2.488 2.511 2.534 2.557 2.58


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Conversion Tables

Temperature

-45.60 -50 -58

-45.00 -49 -56.2

-44.40 -48 -54.4

-43.90 -47 -52.6

-43.30 -46 -50.8

-42.80 -45 -49

-42.20 -44 -47.2

-41.70 -43 -45.4

-41.10 -42 -43.6

-40.60 -41 -41.8

-40.00 -40 -40

-39.40 -39 -38.2

-38.90 -38 -36.4

-38.30 -37 -34.6

-37.80 -36 -32.8

-37.20 -35 -31

-36.70 -34 -29.2-36.10 -33 -27.4

-35.60 -32 -25.6

-35.00 -31 -23.8

-34.40 -30 -22

-33.90 -29 -20.2

-33.30 -28 -18.4

-32.80 -27 -16.6

-32.20 -26 -14.8-31.70 -25 -13

-31.10 -24 -11.2

-30.60 -23 -9.4

-30.00 -22 -7.6

-29.40 -21 -5.8

-28.90 -20 -4

-28.30 -19 -2.2

-27.80 -18 -0.4-27.20 -17 1.4

-26.70 -16 3.2

-26.10 -15 5

-25.60 -14 6.8

-25.00 -13 8.6

-24.40 -12 10.4

-23.90 -11 12.2

-23.30 -10 14

-22.80 -9 15.8

-22.20 -8 17.6

-21.70 -7 19.4

-21.10 -6 21.2

-20.60 -5 23-20.00 -4 24.8

-19.40 -3 26.6

-18.90 -2 28.4

-18.30 -1 30.2

-17.80 0 32

-17.20 1 33.8

-16.70 2 35.6

-16.10 3 37.4-15.60 4 39.2

-15.00 5 41

-14.40 6 42.8

-13.90 7 44.6

-13.30 8 46.4

-12.80 9 48.2

-12.20 10 50

-11.70 11 51.8-11.10 12 53.6

-10.60 13 55.4

-10.00 14 57.2

-9.40 15 59

-8.90 16 60.8

-8.30 17 62.6

-7.80 18 64.4

-7.20 19 66.2-6.70 20 68

C F C F

C F C F


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27

-6.10 21 69.8

-5.60 22 71.6

-5.00 23 73.4

-4.40 24 75.2

-3.90 25 77

-3.30 26 78.8

-2.80 27 80.6

-2.20 28 82.4

-1.70 29 84.2

-1.10 30 86

-0.60 31 87.8

0.00 32 89.6

0.60 33 91.4

1.10 34 93.2

1.70 35 95

2.20 36 96.8

2.80 37 98.6

3.30 38 100.4

3.90 39 102.2

4.40 40 1045.00 41 105.8

5.60 42 107.6

6.10 43 109.4

6.70 44 111.2

7.20 45 113

7.80 46 114.8

8.30 47 116.6

8.90 48 118.49.40 49 120.2

10.00 50 122

10.60 51 123.8

11.10 52 125.6

11.70 53 127.4

12.20 54 129.2

12.80 55 131

13.30 56 132.813.90 57 134.6

14.40 58 136.4

15.00 59 138.2

15.60 60 140

16.10 61 141.816.70 62 143.6

17.20 63 145.4

17.80 64 147.2

18.30 65 149

18.90 66 150.8

19.40 67 152.6

20.00 68 154.4

20.60 69 156.221.10 70 158

22.20 71 159.8

22.80 72 161.6

23.30 73 163.4

23.90 74 165.2

24.40 75 167

25.00 76 168.8

25.60 77 170.626.10 78 172.4

26.70 79 174.2

27.20 80 176

27.80 81 177.8

28.30 82 179.6

28.90 83 181.4

29.40 84 183.2

30.00 85 18530.60 86 186.8

31.10 87 188.6

31.70 88 190.4

32.20 89 192.2

32.80 90 194

33.30 91 195.8

33.90 92 197.6

34.40 93 199.435.00 94 201.2

C F C F C F C F


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28

9 Tensile Strength

Tensile strengthN/mm, min EN 1563 DIN 1693 ISO 185

Grey iron

150 EN-GJL-150 GG-15 50

200 EN-GJL-200 GG-20 200

250 EN-GJL-250 GG-125 250

Tensile strengthN/mm, min EN 1563 DIN 1693 1083

Nodular (ductile) iron

400 EN-GJS-400-18 GGG-40 400-18

400 EN-GJS-400-15 GGG-40.3 400-15

450 EN-GJS-450-10 450-10

500 EN-GJS-500-7 GGG-50 500-7

Stainless Steel

Grade Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elongation 2"

Min. Ksi (MPa) Min Ksi (MPa) 50mm) Long % min.

304 75(515) 30(205) 35316 75(515) 30(205) 35

316L 70(485) 25(170) 35


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29

Periodic System

1HHydrogen

3Li

Lithium

11

Na

19K 3

7Rb

55

Cs

87

Fr

119

Uun

4Be

12

Mg

20

Ca

38

Sr

56

Ba

88

Ra

21

Sc

39Y * **

22T

i40

Zr

72

Hf

104

Rf

23V 4

1Nb

73

Ta

105

Db

24

Cr

42

Mo

74

W 106

Sg

25

Mn

43

Tc

75

Re

107

Bh

26

Fe

44

Ru

76

Os

108

Hs

27

Co

45

Rh

77 Ir

1

09

Mt

28N

i46

Pd

78P

t110

Ds

29

Cu

47

Ag

79

Au

111

Rg

30

Zn

48

Cd

80

Hg

112

Uub

5 B 1

3

A

l

3

1

G

a

4

9

In

8

1

T

l

11

3

U

ut

6 C 14S

i32

Ge

50

Sn

82

Pb

114

Uuq

7 N 15P 3

3As

51

Sb

83B

i115

Uup

8 O 16S 3

4Se

52

Te

84

Po

116

Uuh

9 F 17Cl

35Br

53 I 85At

117

Uu

s

2He

10

Ne

18

Ar

36

Kr

54

Xe

86

Rn

118

Uuo

5

7

L

a

8

9

A

c

58

Ce

90

Th

59

Pr

91

Pa

60

Nd

92U

61Pm 93Np

62

Sm

94

Pu

63

Eu

95

Am

64

Gd

96

Cm

65Tb 97Bk

66

Dy

98

Cf

67

Ho

99

Es

68

Er

100

Fm

69

Tm

101M

d

70

Yb

103

No

71

Lu

103

Lr

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

*Lan

th

an

ides

**Ac

tinid

es

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1

0

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

10


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30

AcAc

tinium8

9

AgSilver47

AlAluminum1

3

AmA

mericium9

5

ArAr

gon18

AsAr

senic33

AtAs

tatine85

AuGold79

BBor

on5

BaBa

rium5

6

BeBe

ryllium4

BhBo

hrium1

07

BiBis

muth83

BkBe

rkelium9

7

BrBromine35

CCar

bon6

CaCa

lcium2

0

CdCadmium4

8

CeCe

rium5

8

CfCa

lifornium9

8

ClCh

lorine17

CmC

urium9

6

CoCobalt27

CrCh

romium2

4

CsCe

sium5

5

CuCop

per29

DbDubnium1

05

DsDar

mstadtium1

10

DyDys

prosium6

6

ErErbium6

8

EsEins

teinium9

9

EuEuropium6

3

FFluor

ine9

FeIron

26

FmFer

mium1

00

FrFran

cium8

7

GaGallium3

1

GdGad

olinium6

4

GeGer

manium3

2

HHydr

ogen1

HeHel

ium2

HfHafnium7

2

HgMercury80

HoHolmium6

7

HsHas

sium1

08

IIodine

53

InIndium4

9

IrIridiu

m7

7

KPota

ssium1

9

KrKrypton36

LaLanth

anum5

7

LiLithium3

LrLawre

ncium1

03

LuLutet

ium7

1

MdMendelevium1

01

MgMagnesium1

2

MnManganese25

MoMoly

bdenum4

2

MtMeitnerium1

09

NNitrog

en7

NaSodium1

1

NbNiob

ium4

1

NdNeod

ymium6

0

NeNeon

10

NiNicke

l28

NoNobelium1

02

NpNept

unium9

3

OOxyge

n8

OsOsmium7

6

PPhosphorus15

PaProta

ctinium9

1

PbLead

82

PdPalladium4

6

PmProm

ethium6

1

PoPolon

ium8

4

PrPraseodymium5

9

PtPlatinu

m7

8

PuPluton

ium9

4

RaRadium

88

RbRubidi

um3

7

ReRheniu

m7

5

RfRuther

fordium1

04

RgRoentgenium1

11

RhRhodiu

m4

5

RnRadon

86

RuRuthenium4

4

SSulfur1

6

SbAntimony51

ScScandium2

1

SeSeleniu

m3

4

SgSeaborgium1

06

SiSilicon14

SmSamarium6

2

SnTin50

SrStrontium3

8

TaTantalu

m7

3

TbTerbium6

5

TcTechne

tium4

3

TeTelluriu

m5

2

ThThoriu

m9

0

TiTitanium

22

TlThallium

81

TmThulium

69

UUranium9

2

UubUnunb

ium1

12

UuhUnunh

exium1

16

UunUnune

nnium119

UuoUnuno

ctium1

18

UupUnunp

entium1

15

UuqUnunq

uadium1

14

UusUnunseptium1

17

UutUnuntrium1

13

VVanadium

23

WT

ungsten74

XeXenon5

4

YYttrium3

9

YbYtterbiu

m7

0

ZnZinc30

ZrZirconium4

0


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31

Affinity Laws

The Affinity Laws formulas are used to calculate and confirm the relationshipbetween comparative data for the above units. The formula will work providing

that all workings are based upon accurately measured data using calibratedequipment.

n = Speed

Q = Flow-rate

H = Frictional head

P = Power

Hz = Frequency

Adjustment of the pumping capacity

Changing the speed

H1

H2

pumpingheadH[m]

n1

n2

n1n2

Q1 volume flow Q [m/ h]Q2

Q1Q2

n1n2

H1H2

n1

n2

P1

P2

=

( )2

( )

3

( )

11


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32

Ex Markings

Example

Certification by a recognised test station

within the European Community

European Standard EN

Explosion protection

Type of protection

Oil immersion o

Pressurisation pPowder filling q

Flameproof enclosure d

Increased safety e

Intrinsic safely I

Area of application

Firedamp hazardous mines I

Other explosion hazardous areas II

Explosion Group(in conjunction with II)Max. experimental safe gap (MESG)

> 0.9mm A

0.5 < 0.9mm B

< 0.5mm C

Temperature Class

Limiting temperature

450 C T1

300 C T2

200 C T3

135 C T4

100 C T5

85 C T6

E Ex d II B T3


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33

Degree of protection (IP Code)

Meaning of the IP Code

Element Numerals Meaning for the protection Meaning for or of the machine the protection of letters persons

Codeletters IP

First Against penetration of Against access tocode number solid foreign bodies hazardous parts with 0 (unprotected) (unprotected) 1 50mm in diameter Back of the hand 2 12.5mm in diameter Finger 3 2.5mm in diameter Tool 4 1.0mm in diameter Wire 5 Dust-protected Wire 6 Dust-tight Wire

Second Against penetration of water,code number with harmful effects

0 (unprotected) 1 Vertical dripping

2 Dripping (15 angle) 3 Spraying water 4 Splashing water 5 Water jet 6 Powerful water jet 7 Temporary immersion in water 8 Permanent immersion in water

Additional Against accessletter to hazardous

(optional) parts with A Back of the hand B Finger C Tool D Wire

Supplementary Supplementary informationletter specific to(optional) H High-voltage equipment

M Motion during water test S Stationary during water test W Weather conditions


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34

US GPM

PSI

GPM

FT

GPH

BAR

M / MIN

BAR

M / HR

M

L / SECKG / SEC

PSI

KG / HR

KG / M

L / HR

KN / M

L / MIN

KPA

1.2 60

262

14.5

3.66

3.28

792

1000

9.8

60

1.02

60

60

1

3.6

13.2

4.4

16.67100

0

SG

4.55

Flow Conversion Table

Pressure Conversion Table

Multiply by conversion factor in direction of arrow.Divide by conversion factor for opposite requirement, eg. GPM 13.2 = L / SEC

Multiply by conversion factor in direction of arrow.Divide by conversion factor for opposite requirement, eg. PSI 1.42 = M

14.5

SG

2.31SG

33.95SG

1.42SG

10.35SG 1.42SG

2.31SG

100

9.8SG


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35

Type ofprotection Code

StandardsCENELEC

ENIEC

60079

Use in ATEX

category/Zone

Principle Application

Generalrequirements

50014 - 0 Basic electrical requirements All equipment

Oil immersion o 50015 - 6Category 2Zone 1

Electrical components immersedin oil excluding explosiveatmosphere from igniting

Transformers

Pressurised p 50016 - 2Category 2Zone 1

Enclosure housing equipment ispurge to remove explosiveatmosphere and pressurised toprevent ingress of surroundingatmosphere

Switching and

control cabinets,large motors

Powder filled q 50017 - 5Category 2Zone 1

Electrical parts are surroundedwith power, e.g. quartz toprevent contact with anexplosive atmosphere

Electrical devices,e.g. capacitors, fuses

Flameproof d 50018 - 1Category 2Zone 1

Enclosure housing electricalequipment which, if there is aninternal explosion, will not ignite

surrounding atmosphere

AC motors,control panels,light fittings

Increasedsafety

e 50019 - 7Category 2Zone 1

Additional methods are used toeliminate arcs, sparks and hotsurface capable of ignitingflammable atmosphere

AC motors, terminaland connection boxes,light fittings, squirrelcage motors

Intrinsic safety Category 1Zone 0

Electrical energy in equipment islimited so that circuits cannotignite an atmoshphere bysparking or heating

Measurement andcontrol equipment,e.g. sensors,instrumentation

ia 50020 - 11

ib 50020 - 11

Encapsulation m 50028 - 18Category 2Zone 1

Electrical components embeddedin approved material to preventcontact with explosiveatmosphere

Measurement andcontrol devices,solenoid valves

Type ofprotection n nA 50021 - 15

Category 3Zone 2

Non-arcing and non-sparkingAC motors, terminalboxes, light fittings

Note: Group II Dust atmospheres are covered by CENELEC EN 50281-1-1 and EN 50281-1-2


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40/40

WILO (U.K.) Ltd

Second Avenue,

Centrum 100

Burton Upon Trent

Staffordshire, UK, DE14 2WJ

T +44 1283 523000

F +44 1283 [email protected]

www.wilo.co.uk

Wilo Ireland

Unit B1,

Corcanree Business Park,

Dock Road,

Limerick, IrelandT: +353 (0)61 227 566

F: +353 (0)61 229 017

[email protected]

www.wilo.ie

Documents

Wilo Formula's Booklet