WiDAS - Final Report

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Wireless Data Acquisition System

Project Report

Tim Pieper

Advisor: Professor Gutschlag

May 12, 2008


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Abstract

The Wireless Data Acquisition System (WiDAS) is intended to be used with the Bradley University SAE

Formula Car. The Bradley University Formula SAE car is a yearly project task for mechanical engineering

seniors. WiDAS will gather data from the SAE car and display important information to the driver

through a LCD screen mounted in the car. Data will also be wirelessly transmitted to an off-track laptop

where the data can be displayed and recorded. Transmitted data includes information such as car

velocity, engine speed, acceleration, engine coolant and air temperatures, oil pressure, and suspension

travel. The in-car display is an Amulet Technologies LCD touch screen, and a pair of Aerocomm

transceivers are used for wireless transmission.


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Table of Contents

Abstract . 2

Introduction . 4

System Block Diagram . 5

System Functions . 6

Data Acquisition .. 6

Data Transmission .. 8

Wireless Communication ... 10

Data Destination .. 12

WinWedge ... 12

DataQ XControls Toolbox . 13

Excel ... 14

Results and Analysis .. 15

Equipment .. 18

Sources .. 18

Appendices

Appendix A Aerocomm OEM Configuration Tool Screenshots . 19

Appendix B Software

B-1 Test Program Assembly Code .. 21

B-2 Excel Macros . 37

B-3 Proposed Code for Integration .. 39


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IntroductionThe Wireless Data Acquisition System is intended to be used with the Bradley University SAE Formula

Car. This system will gather data from the SAE car and display important information to the driver

through a LCD screen mounted in the car. Data will also be wirelessly transmitted to an off-track laptop

where the data can be displayed and recorded. Transmitted data will include information such as car

velocity, engine speed, acceleration, engine coolant and air temperatures, oil pressure warning, and

minimum and maximum suspension travel.

The in-car display used will be an Amulet Technologies LCD touch screen. This display was developed

previously in a 2006 electrical engineering capstone project by David Pavlik. The system was fully

operational when tested in the lab, but due to time and schedule constraints, it was not implemented

on the SAE formula car. A pair of Aerocomm transceivers will be used for wireless transmission.

This system will provide additional design and testing feedback for the SAE car senior project. During

normal operation, both the driver and the supporting team will have a visual representation of the cars

status. In addition to the expanded troubleshooting capabilities available with the presence of real-time

data, warning of component fatigue or failure can be communicated from the team to the driver.

To display the desired data on a laptop, two main programs will be utilized. A program called

WinWedge reads the data from the serial port and is capable of formatting the data as desired.

WinWedge then uses dynamic data exchange (DDE) to import information into Excel in real-time. In

Excel, a special toolbox is used to create a virtual dashboard to display information. Finally, Excel

macros are used to log the incoming data and interface with WinWedge.


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System Block DiagramAn overall system block diagram is shown in Figure 1. The diagram shows the microcontroller that

samples the formula car ECU/sensors and its connection to both displays. The Amulet LCD and

Aerocomm transmitter utilize serial ports available on the microcontroller. The Aerocomm receiver is

connected to a laptop serial port. WinWedge and Excel software packages are used to import, display,

and log data received over the laptop serial port.

Figure 1 Complete System Block Diagram


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System Functions

Data Acquisition

The formula car ECU and/or sensors will be sampled using a microcontroller and its analog-to-digital

converter (ADC). The analog voltage signal is converted to a digital signal, and lookup tables are used to

find the air to fuel ratio, coolant temperature, and air temperature values. Engine speed and vehicle

speed are obtained by recording the number of pulses generated by each sensor in a fixed time. Table 1

lists the important sensors and a brief description.

Sensor Type Notes

Car Velocity Pulse Wheel Sensor

Engine Speed Pulse Ignition coil input

Oil Pressure Switch Activated when safe pressure is not maintained

Water Temperature Variable Resistor

Coolant Temperature Variable Resistor

O2 Variable Voltage

Suspension Travel (4) Variable Voltage

Table 1 Formula Car Sensor List

An assembly language microcontroller program was developed to test the system in the lab

environment. When the project is fully completed, the functionality of this program will be added to the

current microcontroller driven LCD program in the form of function calls. Therefore, very little

modification of the microcontroller driven LCD program is necessary. The added functions will be

responsible for sending sampled data over the RF communication link. Figure 2 is a software flow chart

describing the test program developed for the system.


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Figure 2 Test System Software Flow Chart

The ADC inputs were protected by a circuit utilizing two Germanium diodes (1N270) and a 1k resistor.

Figure 3 is the schematic for the protection circuitry. By using a 5VDC source, the input to the ADC is

never greater than 5.3 V. This protection circuitry is necessary to preserve the integrity of the

microcontrollers analog inputs, but still allows full functionality of varying sensor voltages from 0-5

volts.

Figure 3 ADC Protection Circuit


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Data Transmission

Once the analog signals have been sampled and recorded, the next step is to send the data over one of

the microcontrollers two available serial ports. The setup of the serial port used (COM1) is executed in

the Init2861.a51 file where the following parameters are set: 9600 BAUD, 8 data bits, no CTS (clear to

send), no RTS (request to send), no parity, one stop bit. These parameters were setup using the

MicroPac 535 the microcontroller datasheet and the SC26C92 Dual Universal Asynchronous

Receiver/Transmitter (DUART). The second available serial port on the microcontroller (COM2) has

been implemented for the microcontroller driven display project of 2006. Asynchronous

communication was chosen since data is only flowing in one direction (from microcontroller to

Aerocomm transceivers). However, CTS and Session Status pins on the Aerocomm transceiver are still

monitored to prevent data loss due to the transceiver being busy.

In the test program for the microcontroller, the ADC data bytes are hexadecimal values. The

breaknsend function splits the single hexadecimal byte into two separate bytes. One byte

corresponds to the upper nibble (4 most significant bits), and the second byte corresponds to the lower

nibble (4 least significant bits). Both nibble bytes are then converted to ASCII to prepare them for

transmission.

The Tx signal pin of COM1 is routed through an MC1489 integrated circuit to convert the RS232 voltage

level signal to the TTL voltage level signal that is required by the Aerocomm transceivers. Figure 4

provides an oscilloscope output of the MC1489 implementation. The TTL serial signal is connected to

the Aerocomm transmitter Rx pin. The data on this pin is the data that will be transmitted to the

receiver.


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Figure 4 RS232 (Channel 1) to TTL (Channel 2) Conversion via MC1488

On the laptop end of the system, the Tx pin of the Aerocomm receiver outputs the data received from

the transmitter. This is a TTL serial signal that needs to be converted to RS232 voltage levels to be

received by the laptop serial port. Figure 5 shows the conversion of the TTL serial signal to RS232

voltage levels using a MC1489 integrated circuit.

Figure 5 TTL (Channel 1) to TTL (Channel 2) Conversion via MC1489


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Wireless Communication

Wireless communication is achieved by using Aerocomm AC4690-200 900MHz wireless transceivers.

The Aerocomm OEM System Development Kit (SDK) provided the wireless transceivers and also aided in

setting up and troubleshooting the transceiver

system. The SDK boards permitted direct

programming of the transceiver EEPROM settings

and preliminary transmission tests between the

transmitter and receiver before attempting to

implement the units into the test system. Table 2

below provides the list of EEPROM parameters,

settings, and descriptions. (See Appendix A for

Aerocomm software screenshots.)

Interface Timeout 0x05h Timeout = [Value x 2.5ms]

(determined by Baud selection)

RF Packet Size 0x0Ch Number of data bytes per transmission attempt

CTS On 0x0Ch (transmitter)

0x01h (receiver)

Specified number of bytes that need to be in transceiver

buffer before CTS is set to prevent additional filling of the

buffer

CTS Off 0x01h Maximum number of bytes left in the transceiver buffer

before CTS cleared (ready for more data)

Broadcast Attempts 0x01h Number of transmit attempts

Stop Bit Delay 0xFFh 0xFFh = Disabled

RF Channel Number 0x00h Determines hopping sequence for the chosen frequency

band (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Protocol)System ID 0x01h Must be the same for both transceivers

Interface Baud 9600 Communication settings

Table 2 Important Transceiver EEPROM settings

Figure 6 Aerocomm OEM System Development Kit


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To transmit a data packet using the wireless transceiver with the previously stated settings, the

following minimum pin connections are necessary.

Pin 2 Tx (shows data received from RF

transmission receiver)

Pin 3 Rx (send data for RF transmission

transmitter)

Pin 5 & 16 Ground (internally connected)

Pin 7 CTS (active low, monitor for

transmit ready status)

Pin 10 & 11 Vcc (internally connected)

Pin 17 Command/Data (must be 5V for

Data, otherwise interpreted as

Commands for the device)

Pin 20 Session Status (active low,

monitor for transmit ready status)

The time needed to successfully transmit and receive a packet of information wirelessly was determined

through oscilloscope measurements. Figure 8 shows oscilloscope channel one monitoring the data

being transmitted, and oscilloscope channel two monitoring the data being received. The result was

measured as 56.4ms from the beginning of the transmitted TTL data to the end of the received RS232

data.

Figure 7 Aerocomm Transceiver

Figure 8 RF Packet Timing


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Data Destination

The remote laptop is connected to the Aerocomm receiver signal after voltage conversion using the

previously mentioned MC1489. The laptops serial port Rx and Ground pins are connected to the RS232

voltage level output of the MC1489 and ground, respectively. With this setup, the laptop can read the

data packets that are sent over the RF link. Originally, a combination of Matlab and Simulink were to be

used to read and display serial port information. However, after much research and troubleshooting it

was evident that another method would be necessary.

WinWedge

WinWedge is a software package designed specifically for reading data from a serial port and interfacing

directly with other programs. For this project, WinWedge is used to inject the received data directly into

Excel via the Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) protocol. The DDE protocol is a set of messages and

guidelines. It sends messages between applications that share data and uses shared memory to

exchange data between applications. Applications can use the DDE protocol for one-time data transfers

and for continuous exchanges in which applications send updates to one another as new data becomes

available [1].

The basic setup of WinWedge consists of selecting the appropriate serial port settings. In this case, 9600

Baud, eight data bits, no parity, one stop bit, and no flow control were selected. Specific DDE settings

include selecting the program name that WinWedge is communicating with and identifying additional

commands to run at the point of data transfer. WinWedge is set up to run a macro every time a data

string is imported into Excel. The macro is responsible for placing the data from WinWedge into the

Excel worksheet as well as copying the data to the Log worksheet. Incoming data can also be

formatted when fields of known lengths are set. For example, in the test program, AFR data, coolant


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Figure 10 DATAQ XControls Instrument Pack

temperature data, and air temperature data are two, four, and four ASCII bytes respectively. WinWedge

then separates these data fields which allow the Excel macro to distribute packet data into separate

cells.

DATAQ XControls Instrument Pack

The second software package used to display data on the laptop is the DATAQ XControls Toolbox. This

toolbox provides 27 configurable instrumentation

components for real-time data display. Figure 10

shows a variety of different types of instrument

displays that can be customized. (The displays

are based on the ActiveX environment.) This

software package is accessible from the Controls

Toolbox in Excel [2].

Figure 9 WinWedge Setup Screenshots


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The XControls Toolbox provides the perfect environment for creating a dashboard display for data sent

from the microcontroller on the formula car. Individual gauges were created to represent the

information being received by the laptop. Each gauge is setup for a specific sensor and displayed in real-

time by the linked cell property of the gauges. The virtual dashboard for the system is shown in Figure

11.

Excel

Visual Basic macros tied together the entire operation of displaying and recording received data.

Additional macro functions were created for the ease of loading and exiting WinWedge directly from the

virtual dashboard worksheet. The loading process includes opening WinWedge with the proper setup

parameters discussed and displayed in the WinWedge section of this report. Additional macro functions

Figure 11 Virtual Dashboard Worksheet


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were written to place the incoming data into specific cells in the virtual dashboard worksheet, as well as

add new entries to the data log. (See Appendix C-2 for Excel macro software.)

Results and AnalysisThe task of wireless data transmission based on requirements dictated by the Bradley University SAE

Formula car was successfully accomplished. A microcontroller test program was developed to simulate

the sampling of vehicle sensors and send that data over an available serial port. The simulated samples

are a subset of the total sensor sampling that will be implemented on the car. Functions to add to the

2006 Microcontroller Driven Display senior project include the previously mentioned breaknsend and

transmit routine. (See Appendix B-3 for proposed add-on assembly software.) The 2006 project is

already setup to sample the sensors of interest, so the addition of these software modules will allow the

2006 project to include wireless data transmission. In addition to software modules, a separate bank of

variables will be necessary for temporarily storing data that will be transmitted over the wireless link.

The wireless transceivers function as desired for 120ms periodic data transmission from the

microcontroller to the laptop PC. Upon intial setup, the entire test system was operating at 9600 Baud

with one broadcast attempt for the transceivers as shown in Figure 12. This yielded 75% - 80% data

packet success. Extending the interval at which the sampling and transmission were made did not yield

significant improvement in the number of successful transmissions. The next step involved setting up

the transceivers for two broadcast attempts. This allows the receiver to request another transmission

attempt if it detects an error in the data packet or does not receive the entire data packet within a

timeout period. Implementing two broadcast attempts significantly increased the success rate of RF

data packets. Roughly 500 packets needed to be sent before the receiver failed to recover two

consecutive broadcast attempts. Figure 13 shows successful data transmission on the first try for the


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first two RF packets, but note the third RF packet utilizes the second broadcast attempt to successfully

complete the transmission.

Further optimization attempts included increasing the system Baud rate to 19.2k. This decreases the

amount of time necessary to transmit data over the serial port by half. The time needed for wireless

transmission decreased from 56.4ms to 43.2ms, a change of 13.2ms. This demonstrates the fact that

there is a significant amount of overhead involved

with transceivers establishing communication with

each other and transmitting information using the

Spread Spectrum Protocol. Although transmission

time was decreased, greater than 30% of RF packets

were lost, so the system was reset with 9600 Baud

and two broadcast attempts.

Figure 12 9600 Baud Wireless Transmission Figure 13 Two Broadcast Attempts (9600)

Wireless Transmission

Figure 14 19.2kBaud Wireless

Transmission


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To integrate this project with the 2006 project, the Aerocomm transmitter will need to be packaged with

an MC1489 (RS232->TTL voltage conversion) on the formula car. Important transceiver pins (CTS,

Session Status, CMD/Data, Rx Data, Vcc, GND) will also need to interface with the existing

microcontroller package. On the laptop PC end, the receiver will need to be packaged with an MC1488

(TTL -> RS232 voltage conversion). Voltage will also need to be provided to the MC1488 (+/- 15V) and

the Aerocomm receiver (5VDC). The data line from the receiver (TxD), once converted by the MC1488,

is connected to the Rx line of the laptop serial port. The ground pins of the Aerocomm receiver and the

laptop serial port also need to be connected to ensure proper operation.

The 2008 Wireless Data Acquisition project is operational, but not complete. Additional steps, as

discussed above, are still necessary to integrate this system with the 2006 Microcontroller Driven

Display project.


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Equipment

Aerocom AC4790-200 Transcievers (2)

EMAC 8051 Microcontroller Kit

MC1488 TTL to RS232 conversion IC

MC1489 RS232 to TTL conversion IC1N270 Germanium Diodes (2), 1k Resistor protection circuit

RS232 Breakout Connectors (2) for RS232 pin connections

Agilent DC Power Supply

Bradley University Lab Laptop

Sources

[1] About Dynamic Data Exchange

http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms648774(VS.85).aspx

Aerocomm AC4790 900 MHz OEM Transceivers Users Manualhttp://www.aerocomm.com/docs/User_Manual_AC4790.pdf

Amulet Technologies

http://www.amulettechnologies.com

[2] DATAQ XControls Instrument Pack

http://www.dataq.com/products/software/xcontrols.htm


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Aercomm OEM Configuration Tool Screenshots: APPENDIX A

Figure A-1 Aerocomm OEM Configuration Tool, Transceiver Settings


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Aercomm OEM Configuration Tool Screenshots: APPENDIX A

Figure A-1 Aerocomm OEM Configuration Tool, Transceiver Settings


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Test Program Assembly Code: Appendix B-1

AD_DA.A51;functions for reading from a A/D or writing to a D/A

$NOMOD51 ; disable predefined 8051 registers$INCLUDE(reg515.inc)

AD_DA_SEG SEGMENT CODE

RSEG AD_DA_SEG

PUBLIC ReadAD

;Reads from an A/D, A/D specified by acc, value returned on acc

;source: MicroPac 535 data sheet Copyright 1993-1997, EMAC Inc.

ReadAD:

ANL A,#111B ; ONLY 8 CHANNELS

ANL ADCON,#11000000B ; MODE FOR A/D CONVERSION: SINGLE

ORL ADCON,A ; "OR" IN THE CHANNEL

MOV DAPR,#0 ; START CONV W/NO REF VOLTAGEJB BSY,$ ; LOOP TILL CONVERTED

MOV ACC,ADDAT ; ACC = CONVERSION

RET

End

AIRTEMP.A51;Stuff related to the AirTemp sensor

;written by Tim Pieper

;

$NOMOD51 ; disable predefined 8051 registers

$INCLUDE(reg515.inc)

$INCLUDE(AD_DA.inc) ;A/D function$INCLUDE(var.inc)

;$INCLUDE(myregs.inc) ;my registers and constants

;$INCLUDE(amulet.inc) ;amulet comunication functions

;$INCLUDE(lcd.inc)

;$INCLUDE(puta.inc)

AirTemp_SEG SEGMENT CODE

RSEG AirTemp_SEG

PUBLIC GetAir

;will get temp from AirTemp sensor;flags, DPTR, & acc modified

;gets address of A/D with AirTemp sensor from myregs.inc file

GetAir:

mov a,#AirADAddr

lcall ReadAD

push acc

mov dptr,#AirTempTableLSB

movc a,@a+dptr ; get a character


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; mov b,a

mov AirLSB, a

pop acc

mov dptr,#AirTempTableMSB


mov AirMSB, a

ret

AirTempTableMSB:

db

0Dh,0Dh,0Dh,0Dh,0Dh,0Dh,0Dh,0Ch,0Ch,0Ch,0Bh,0Bh,0Bh,0Bh,0Ah,0Ah,0Ah,0Ah,0Ah,0

Ah,09h,09h,09h,09h,09h,09h,09h,09h,09h,08h,08h,08h,08h

db

08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,08h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,0

7h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,07h,06h

db


6h,06h,06h,06h,06h,06h,06h,06h,06h,06h,05h,05h,05h,05h

db05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,0

5h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h,05h

db


4h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h,04h

db


3h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h,03h

db


2h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,02h,01h

db


0h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h

AirTempTableLSB:

db

048h,048h,048h,048h,048h,048h,048h,0D2h,06Eh,017h,0CAh,086h,048h,011h,0DDh,0A

Eh,082h,05Ah,032h,010h,0EEh,0CDh,0B0h,092h,076h

db

05Dh,044h,02Ah,013h,0FEh,0E8h,0D2h,0BEh,0ABh,099h,086h,073h,063h,053h,042h,03

2h,021h,012h,004h,0F6h,0E8h,0D9h,0CBh,0BDh,0B0h

db

0A4h,098h,08Ch,07Fh,073h,066h,05Bh,050h,045h,03Ah,02Fh,024h,019h,00Eh,004h,0F

Ah,0F1h,0E8h,0DEh,0D4h,0CBh,0C1h,0B7h,0ADh,0A5h

db

09Dh,094h,08Ch,083h,07Bh,072h,069h,060h,057h,04Fh,048h,040h,039h,031h,029h,021h,019h,011h,009h,001h,0F9h,0F2h,0EBh,0E5h,0DEh

db

0D6h,0CFh,0C8h,0C1h,0B9h,0B2h,0AAh,0A2h,09Ch,095h,08Fh,088h,082h,07Bh,074h,06

Dh,066h,05Fh,058h,051h,04Ah,043h,03Dh,037h,031h

db

02Bh,024h,01Eh,017h,011h,00Ah,003h,0FCh,0F5h,0EEh,0E8h,0E2h,0DCh,0D6h,0D0h,0C

Ah,0C3h,0BDh,0B6h,0B0h,0A9h,0A2h,09Bh,094h,08Eh


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db

088h,082h,07Ch,076h,070h,069h,063h,05Ch,056h,04Fh,048h,041h,039h,033h,02Dh,02

7h,021h,01Bh,015h,00Eh,007h,000h,0F9h,0F2h,0EBh

db

0E3h,0DCh,0D6h,0D0h,0C9h,0C3h,0BCh,0B5h,0AEh,0A7h,09Fh,097h,08Fh,087h,080h,07

9h,073h,06Ch,064h,05Dh,055h,04Dh,045h,03Dh,034h

db

02Bh,023h,01Ch,014h,00Ch,004h,0FBh,0F3h,0E9h,0E0h,0D5h,0CCh,0C4h,0BBh,0B2h,0A

9h,09Fh,094h,089h,07Eh,072h,069h,05Fh,054h,048h

db

03Ch,02Fh,021h,015h,009h,0FCh,0EFh,0E0h,0D0h,0BFh,0B1h,0A2h,091h,07Eh,068h,05

7h,044h,02Dh,014h,0FDh,0E3h,0C5h,0A6h,085h,05Bh

db 033h,033h,033h,033h,033h,033h

end

COOLTEMP.A51;functions for accessing a tempeture sensor on an A/D

$NOMOD51 ; disable predefined 8051 registers

$INCLUDE(reg515.inc)

$INCLUDE(AD_DA.inc)

$INCLUDE(var.inc)

;$INCLUDE(myregs.inc)

CoolTemp_SEG SEGMENT CODE

RSEG CoolTemp_SEG

PUBLIC GetCool

;Read's Coolent A/D, goes into lookup table for value ammulet should divide

by 10 then

;

subbtract 40 from value for display

;returns MSB on A and LSB on B

;if out of range returns FFFF

;modifies flags and DPTR

GetCool:

mov a,#CoolADAddr

lcall ReadAD

clr c

subb a,#12

jc OutOfCoolRange

cjne a,#240,GetCool1

GetCool1:

;c=a


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mov dptr,#TempTableMSB


mov CoolMSB, a

ret

OutOfCoolRange:

; mov a,#0FFh

; mov b,#0FFh

mov CoolMSB,#0FFh

mov CoolLSB,#0FFh

ret

;index must be between 12 and 252 (then subbtract off 12)

TempTableMSB:

db 13, 13, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 10, 10, 10, 10,

10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9

db 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,

8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7db 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 6, 6, 6, 6,

6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6

db 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,

5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5

db 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,

4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4

db 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,

3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2

db 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0

TempTableLSB:

db 71, 6, 205, 150, 100, 54, 11, 226, 188, 150, 117, 84, 52, 23, 250, 222,

196, 171, 145, 123, 101, 78, 56, 36, 17, 253, 233, 214

db 197, 180, 163, 145, 128, 113, 98, 83, 68, 52, 37, 24, 10, 253, 240, 226,

212, 199, 188, 176, 164, 152, 140, 128, 116, 105, 94

db 84, 73, 63, 52, 41, 30, 19, 10, 1, 247, 238, 228, 218, 208, 198, 188, 179,

171, 162, 153, 144, 135, 126, 117, 108, 98, 90, 83

db 75, 67, 59, 50, 42, 34, 25, 16, 8, 1, 249, 242, 235, 227, 219, 212, 204,

196, 188, 179, 172, 165, 158, 151, 144, 136, 129, 122

db 114, 106, 99, 91, 83, 76, 70, 63, 56, 49, 42, 35, 28, 21, 13, 5, 254, 247,

240, 234, 227, 220, 213, 206, 199, 192, 184, 177, 169

db 161, 155, 148, 142, 135, 128, 121, 114, 106, 99, 91, 84, 76, 68, 61, 55,

48, 41, 34, 26, 19, 11, 3, 251, 243, 235, 228, 221, 214

db 207, 199, 191, 183, 175, 166, 158, 149, 141, 134, 126, 118, 110, 102, 93,

84, 75, 65, 55, 47, 39, 31, 22, 12, 3, 249, 239, 228

db 218, 209, 199, 189, 179, 168, 157, 145, 132, 122, 111, 100, 88, 76, 62,

48, 35, 23, 10, 252, 237, 220, 204, 189, 174, 157, 138

db 117, 100, 81, 59, 34, 12, 244, 217, 187, 158, 123, 86, 46, 254, 200, 137,56

end


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EMACLCD.A51$NOMOD51

$include(reg515.inc)

$include(var.inc)

;name main

public movlcd

EXTRN CODE(LCDOUT)

LCD_seg segment code

rseg LCD_seg

;***************************************************

;This file moves the LCD cursor to the begining of the next line

;***************************************************

movlcd: push acc

mov a,#0dh ;begin of line

lcall lcdout

acall check_status

;check busy flag bit of lcd and wait

mov a,#0ah ;next line

lcall lcdout

pop acc

ret

check_status: ;check status of lcd busy flag

push acc

push dph

push dpl

busy: mov dph,#0ahmov dpl,#00h

mov a,#20h

movc a,@a+dptr

jb acc.7,busy

pop dpl

pop dph

pop acc

ret

end


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INIT2681.A51;INIT2681 FILE: initialization and setup of Serial Port 1 (A)

$NOMOD51


$include(var.inc)

public INIT2681, selectBaud

INIT2681_seg segment code

rseg INIT2681_seg

INIT2681:

; DO RESET COMMANDS FOR PORTS A AND B. THIS WILL

; EXECUTE CHANNEL A & B's MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS NUMBERED

; 101,100,011,010,001.

mov A,#01010000B ; DO FROM THIS COMMAND, DOWN TO 00010000

crinit:

mov P2,#CRAmovx @R1,A

add A,#-16 ; SUBTRACT 1 FROM UPPER NIBBLE

jnz crinit ; LOOP TILL 0

mov P2,#MR1A ; SETUP PROTOCOL FOR PORT A

mov A,#MR2ADAT

movx @R1,A

; SELECT BAUD RATE

selectBaud:

mov P2,#ACR

mov A,#80H

movx @R1,A ; SELECT SET 2 OF BAUD RATES

mov P2,#CSRAmov A,#10111011b ; RX AND TX AT 9600 FOR B

;mov A,#11001100b ; RX AND TX AT 19.2k FOR B

movx @R1,A

mov P2,#CRA

mov A,#00000101B ; ENABLE TXER AND RXER

movx @R1,A

RET

End

INIT.A51;INIT FILE:

;EE-451

;Initialization File

$NOMOD51


$include(var.inc)

PUBLIC INIT

EXTRN CODE(MAIN, LCDINIT, INIT2681, KEY)

CSEG AT 8000h


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LJMP INIT

cseg at 802Bh

ljmp timer2int

cseg at 804Bh

inc cnt

reti

cseg at 8013h

ljmp key ;ISR for IE1 key routine

INIT_SEG SEGMENT CODE

RSEG INIT_SEG

;***************************************************************

;This file initializes all registers, as well as the LCD

;It also sets up the Serial Port Interface for TRANSMITTING DATA

;***************************************************************

;****************************AC4790 PINOUTS*********************

; P1.1 - CTS (Pin 7); P1.2 - Session Status (Pin 20)

;***************************************************************

INIT:

LCALL LCDINIT

mov psw,#00h

erase:

mov r0,#7fh ;clear memory

erase_loop:

mov @r0,#00h

djnz r0, erase_loop

mov B,#00h

MOV SP, #55h

clr p5.1 ;enable MMIO

lcall INIT2681

setb eal ;enable all interrupts

setb ET2 ;set timer 2 overflow interrupt

; setb EX2 ;setup external interrupt 2

setb tcon.2 ;sets falling edgeinterrupts for key routine

setb ien0.2 ;enable INT1 vector to ISR

mov TH2, #0FCh

mov TL2, #65h

mov t2con,#10h ;setb t2con.4 ;enable timer2 auto reloadmov crch,#0fch ;auto reload register CRC (CC0)

mov crcl,#65h

mov tenms,#0ah ;10ms counter

mov hunms,#12d ;120ms counter (10ms * 12)

; mov PackCnt,#100d ;set specific # of packets to send (in Key

routine)

clr secflag ;sec flag

clr hunms_fl


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clr ten_fl

mov sec_cnt,#100d ;100*10ms = 1 sec

setb t2con.0 ;start timer 2

setb key_press

GOMAIN:

ljmp MAIN

timer2int:

push acc

push psw

clr tf2 ;t2 overflow flag

setb onems

ten_loop:

djnz tenms,next

setb ten_flmov tenms,#0Ah ;reset 10ms count

djnz hunms,next

setb hunms_fl

mov hunms,#12d ;reset 120ms count (12 counts * 10ms)

next:

pop psw

pop acc

reti

END

KEY.A51; Tim Pieper ee365 hardware design project; created: 12/1/2005

; edited:

; major revisions:

$nomod51


$include(var.inc)

public key

;extrn code

keypad_code segment code

rseg keypad_code

key:

cpl p1.3

push acc

push dph

push dpl

push psw

mov dph,#30h ;"keyport"


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movx a,@dptr ;copy coordinates of keypad press into A

anl a,#1fh ;mask off upper bits

;clr tcon.3 ;b/c use of polling--manually reset interrupt

mov dptr,#keytable

movc a, @a+dptr

; mov keypad_entry,a ;store key since acc gets popped

cpl key_press

pop psw

pop dpl

pop dph

pop acc

mov PackCnt,#100d ;set specific # of packets to send

mov ascii1,#30h ;reset count

mov ascii2,#30h

mov ascii3,#30h

mov ascii4,#30h

reti ;ret if polling

keytable:

db "1","2","3","C","4","5","6","D","7","8","9","E","A","0","B","F"

end

MAIN.A51;MAIN FILE:

$NOMOD51


$include(var.inc)

name main

public main

EXTRN CODE(LCDOUT,TRANSMIT, ReadAD, GetAFR, GetCool, GetAir, movlcd)

main_seg segment code

rseg main_seg

;***************************************************

;This file samples the A/D converter and sends

;the signal out on the serial port to the other

;microcontroller. It then enters reveive mode once

;the transmission is over and will receive the data

;back from the other microcontroller.;***************************************************

main:

jb key_press, $ ;wait here if key pressed (key routine toggles

instead of setting bit)

;setb key_press ;if commented, then streaming enabled

mov a, PackCnt


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JZ main ;loop from here to main after packet number has been exhausted

dec acc

mov PackCnt, a ;decremented count value

jnb hunms_fl,$

clr hunms_fl

lcall GetAFR

lcall GetCool

lcall GetAir

lcall counter ;used to number the data packets sent

mov a,AFRhex

lcall breaknsend ;split byte and send ASCII over serial port

mov a,CoolMSB

lcall breaknsend

mov a,CoolLSB

lcall breaknsend

;mov a,AirMSB ;temporarily replaced with counter values below;lcall breaknsend

;mov a,AirLSB

;lcall breaknsend

mov a,ascii4

lcall transmit

lcall lcdout

mov a,ascii3

lcall transmit

lcall lcdout

mov a,ascii2

lcall transmit

lcall lcdout

mov a,ascii1

lcall transmit

lcall lcdout

mov a,#0Ah ;new line

lcall transmit

mov a,#0Dh ;carriage return...end of data record

lcall transmit

lcall movlcd

ljmp main

;*******************************;

breaknsend:

push acc ;save acc data

anl a,#0F0h

swap a ;upper nibble -> lower nibble

lcall ltrchk

lcall transmit

lcall lcdout


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pop acc

anl a,#0Fh

lcall ltrchk ;hex to ascii

lcall transmit

lcall lcdout

ret

;hex -> ascii for A-F

ltrchk:

cjne a,#0Ah,check_cy

mov a,#41h ;equal to A

sjmp fin

check_cy:

jc fin2 ;if carry set, then acc < #0Ah so no letter

cjne a, #0Dh, check_cy2

mov a, #44h ; equal to D

sjmp fin

check_cy2:

jc try_ccjne a,#0Eh, setF

mov a,#45h ; equal to E

sjmp fin

setF:

mov a,#46h

sjmp fin

try_c:

cjne a,#0Ch,set_B

mov a,#43h ; equal to C

sjmp fin

set_B:

mov a,#42h ; equal to B

fin:

ret

fin2:

orl a,#30h ; a contains ascii of upper nibble

ret

counter:

push acc

mov a,ascii1

cjne a,#39h,inc_a1

mov ascii1,#30h

sjmp chk_a2

inc_a1:

inc a

mov ascii1,asjmp doneAdd

chk_a2:

mov a,ascii2

cjne a,#39h, inc_a2

mov ascii2,#30h

sjmp chk_a3

inc_a2:

inc a


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mov ascii2,a

sjmp doneAdd

chk_a3:

mov a,ascii3

cjne a,#39h, inc_a3

mov ascii2,#30h

inc_a3:

inc a

mov ascii3,a

sjmp doneAdd

chk_a4:

mov a,ascii4

cjne a,#39h, inc_a4

mov ascii4,#30h

sjmp doneAdd

inc_a4:

inc a

mov ascii4,a

;sjmp doneAdd

doneAdd:

pop acc

ret

END

O2.A51;Stuff related to the O2 sensor

;written by David Pavlik

;equation for table provided by Mark Barnas

$NOMOD51 ; disable predefined 8051 registers$INCLUDE(reg515.inc)

$INCLUDE(AD_DA.inc) ;A/D function

$INCLUDE(var.inc)

;$INCLUDE(myregs.inc) ;my registers and constants

;$INCLUDE(amulet.inc) ;amulet comunication functions

;$INCLUDE(lcd.inc)

;$INCLUDE(puta.inc)

O2_SEG SEGMENT CODE

RSEG O2_SEG

PUBLIC GetAFR

;will get AFR from O2 sensor

;sends AFR value to amulet

;sends AFR error to amulet

;flags, DPTR, & acc modified

;all other registeres OK

;gets address of A/D with O2 sensor from myregs.inc file

GetAFR:

push 2


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mov a,#O2ADAddr ;get O2 A/D port

lcall ReadAD

mov dptr,#AFRTable ;point to table

movc a,@a+dptr ;look up in table

mov r2,a

mov AFRhex, a ;variable to hold O2 table value

; skip Amulet code

; push b

; mov b,#AmuletAfrByte

; lcall SetByte

; pop b

;;;;;;;;;;

;;;AFR Error Variable

;;;;;;;;;;

; push b ;request target from amulet

; clr c

; mov a,r2 ;Current + 3.0 - Target

; add a,#30 ;will not generate carry (higest table entry is 195)

; subb a,AFRTarget

; jnc NoBigUnder ;if carry AFR < (Target-3.0) force resulet of calc to

display Optimal-3.0 (ex 0)

; mov a,#0

;NoBigUnder:

; cjne a,#61,OverCheckNoJump

;OverCheckNoJump:

; ;c = Calc < 61

; jc NoBigOver

; mov a,#60

;NoBigOver:

; mov b,#AmuletAFRError

; lcall SetByte

; pop b

pop 2

ret ;done

AFRTable: ;table of A/D output to AFR to display (amulet will divide by 10)

;if x is the voltage level AFR=0.0048x^6 -

0.0629x^5 + 0.3246x^4 - 0.7599x^3 + 0.8897x^2 + 0.5365x + 8.4136

;table is adjusted by table=int(AFR*10+0.5) to

round and simplify storage (amulet restores decimal)db

4,84,84,84,85,85,85,85,85,85,85,86,86,86,86,86,86,87,87,87,87,87,88,88,88,88,

88,89,89,89,89,89,90,90,90,90,90,91,91,91,91,91

db

92,92,92,92,92,93,93,93,93,93,94,94,94,94,94,95,95,95,95,95,96,96,96,96,97,97

,97,97,97,98,98,98,98,98,99,99,99,99,99,100,100

db

100,100,101,101,101,101,101,102,102,102,102,103,103,103,103,103,104,104,104,1

04,105,105,105,105,106,106,106,106,107,107,107


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db

108,108,108,108,109,109,109,109,110,110,110,111,111,111,112,112,112,112,113,1

13,113,114,114,114,115,115,115,116,116,116,117

db

117,117,118,118,118,119,119,120,120,120,121,121,122,122,122,123,123,124,124,1

24,125,125,126,126,126,127,127,128,128,129,129

db

130,130,131,131,131,132,132,133,133,134,134,135,135,136,137,137,138,138,139,1

39,140,140,141,142,142,143,143,144,145,145,146

db

147,147,148,149,149,150,151,151,152,153,154,154,155,156,157,158,158,159,160,1

61,162,163,164,165,166,166,167,168,170,171,172

db 173,174,175,176,177,179,180,181,182,184,185,186,188,189,191,192,194,195

end

TXDATA.A51;TRANSMIT DATA FILE:

;J.P. Haberkorn

;EE-451;Sending File

$NOMOD51


$include(var.inc)

name TRANSMIT

public TRANSMIT

EXTRN CODE(SelectBaud)

TRANSMIT_SEG SEGMENT CODE

RSEG TRANSMIT_SEG

;*************************************************;This module takes whatever was last put into ACC and

;puts it out on the COM2. It can be called from the

;MAIN program only.

;*************************************************

TRANSMIT:

PUSH ACC ;PUSHES LAST VALUE IN A (OUTPUT ON COM2)

MOV P2,#SRA

CHIPRDY:

jb p1.1, CHIPRDY ;Check "Clear To Send" Pin7

jnb p1.2, CHIPRDY ;Check "Session Status" Pin20

SENDA1:MOVX A,@R1

JNB ACC.2,SENDA1 ; LOOP TILL TXrdy

POP ACC

MOV P2,#THRA ; SEND IT OUT

MOVX @R1,A

RET

END


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AD_DA.INCEXTRN CODE(ReadAD)

;Reads from an A/D, A/D specified by acc, value returned on acc

;source: MicroPac 535 data sheet Copyright 1993-1997, EMAC Inc.

O2.INCEXTRN CODE(GetAFR)

;will get AFR from O2 sensor

;sends AFR value to amulet

;sends AFR error to amulet

;flags, DPTR, & acc modified

;all other registeres OK

;gets address of A/D with O2 sensor from myregs.inc file


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VAR.INC;Variables List

$save

$nolist

sec_cnt data 32h ;count to 8 for .5 seccntsv data 31h ;counts during .5 sec (?) saved

cnt data 30h ;current count

ascii0 data 33h

ascii1 data 34h

ascii2 data 35h

ascii3 data 36h

ascii4 data 37h

datain data 38h

chan1 data 39h

chan2 data 3ah

broad1 data 3ch

broad2 data 3dh

tenms data 3eh

hunms data 3fhAFRhex data 40h

CoolMSB data 41h

CoolLSB data 42h

AirMSB data 43h

AirLSB data 44h

PackCnt data 45h

O2ADAddr EQU 01h

CoolADAddr EQU 01h

AirADAddr EQU 01h

;Constants found in the MicroPac535 Data Sheet

MR2ADAT EQU 00000111B ; normal,no TxRTS, no CTS, 1 stop bitMR2BDAT EQU 00000111B ; normal,no TxRTS, no CTS, 1 stop bit

CRA EQU 02h

CRB EQU 0Ah

MR1A EQU 00h

MR1B EQU 08h

ACR EQU 04h

CSRA EQU 01h

CSRB EQU 09h

SRA EQU 01h

SRB EQU 09h

RHRA EQU 03h

RHRB EQU 0Bh

THRA EQU 03h

THRB EQU 0Bh

secflag bit 4fh ;flag for .5 sec

key_press bit 50h ;flag for keypad press

onems bit 51h ;flag for 1ms

ten_fl bit 52h ;flag for 10ms

hunms_fl bit 53h ;flag for 100ms


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Excel Visual Basic Macros: Appendix B-2

Worksheet1Private Sub CommandButton1_Click()

Call ResetLog

End Sub

Private Sub CommandButton3_Click()

Call RunWedge

LogRow = 2

End Sub

Private Sub CommandButton4_Click()

Call CloseWedge

End Sub

Module1Global LogRow As Long

Sub LogIt()copy cells on sheet1 for dashboard into Log

Worksheets("Log").Cells(LogRow, 2).Value = Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(3, 1).Value



Worksheets("Log").Cells(LogRow, 8).Value = 1 used for counting incoming packets

LogRow = LogRow + 1 'increment for next log entry

End Sub

Sub GetSWData()

'Static RowPointer As Long ' preserve variable values between calls

RowPointer = 2 ' point to second row

' the first time through, RowPointer will automatically initialize to point to Row 1

Chan = DDEInitiate("WinWedge", "Com4") ' establish DDE link to WinWedge on Com1

WinWedge separates Data Packet into 3 Fields (AFR, Coolant, Air)

The following code imports each field to a separate cell for the

virtual dashboard sheet1

F1 = DDERequest(Chan, "Field(1)") ' get Field(1) data into a variant array

WedgeData$ = F1(1) ' convert variant array to a string

Sheets("Sheet1").Cells(RowPointer, 1).Formula = WedgeData$

' Write the data to cell address: (RowPointer,1) in Sheet1, i.e. fill up Column 1

(Column A)

' repeat for each Data Field set in WinWedge

F1 = DDERequest(ChannelNum, "Field(2)") ' get Field(2) data into a variant array

WedgeData$ = F1(1) ' convert variant array to a string

Sheets("Sheet1").Cells(RowPointer, 2).Formula = WedgeData$ 'write the data to Column 2

F1 = DDERequest(ChannelNum, "Field(3)") ' get Field(3) data into a variant arrayWedgeData$ = F1(1) ' convert variant array to a string

Sheets("Sheet1").Cells(RowPointer, 3).Formula = WedgeData$ 'write the data to Column 3

repeat for additional fields (when adding remaining sensors)

DDETerminate Chan ' kill the DDE link

' YOUR CODE GOES HERE TO DO SOMETHING WITH THE DATA MAYBE?

Call LogIt

End Sub


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Module2Public Const MyPort$ = "COM4" ' change port if necessary

Sub RunWedge()

x% = Shell("C:\Program Files\WinWedge\winwedge.exe

c:\temp\winwedge\com4setup.SW3")ThreeSecsFromNow = TimeValue(Now) + TimeValue("00:00:03")

Do While TimeValue(Now) < ThreeSecsFromNow

DoEvents ' give WinWedge time to load

Loop

End Sub

Sub CloseWedge()

On Error Resume Next ' ignore errors

Chan = DDEInitiate("WinWedge", MyPort$) ' open a dde link with WinWedge

DDEExecute Chan, "[Appexit]" ' tell WinWedge to quit

DDETerminate Chan

End Sub

Sub ResetLog()LogRow = 2 'reset row index for data logging

Worksheets("Log").Range("A2:H65536").ClearContents

End Sub


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Proposed Code for Integration with 2006 Project: Appendix B-3

RFSEND.A51;Routine for RF Packet Transmission:

$NOMOD51


$include(var.inc)

name rfsend

public rfsend

EXTRN CODE(TRANSMIT)

rfsend_seg segment code

rseg rfsend_seg

;***************************************************

;This file sends formatted data to serial port 1 (A)

;for transmission using Aerocomm transceivers.;

;Variables must be added in .inc of 2006 proj as well

;as in sensor subroutines to save results to be recalled

;and sent here.

; AFRhex

; CoolMSB

; CoolLSB

; AirMSB

; AirLSB

; Transmit (COM1) and breaknsend also need to be

;included in 2006 project

;***************************************************

RFSEND:

mov a,AFRhex

lcall breaknsend ;split byte and send ASCII over serial port

mov a,CoolMSB

lcall breaknsend

mov a,CoolLSB

lcall breaknsend

mov a,AirMSB

lcall breaknsend

mov a,AirLSB

lcall breaknsend

;***add remaining sensors

;***update RF Packet Size EEPROM setting

;***update WinWedge data fields;***update Excel Macro for new data fields

;***add new gauges to virtual dashboard

mov a,#0Ah ;new line

lcall transmit

mov a,#0Dh ;carriage return...end of data record

lcall transmit

t

Documents

WiDAS - Final Report