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What’s the deal
about cells?
The cell is the smallest unit of life that conducts all life functions.Cells work together to keep organisms alive.
Cells are the basic units of living things.
All cells come from other cells.
Classification of CellsProkaryotes
Were on earth first and for billion of years the only form of life.
Single cell organism with no defined nucleus.
Bacteria and cells living in pond surfaces and puddles are mostly prokaryotes.
Classification of CellsEukaryotes
Each cell has a defined nucleus
The nucleus is the largest most visible part and controls the cells activities.
Eukaryotic organisms are usually multi-cellular organisms – plant and animal cells
Classification of Cells
Classification of Cells
Eukaryotes
Plant and Animal Cells
Compare their forms
CELLS AND THEIR ORGANELLES
An organelle is…
specialized subunit
within a cell that has a
specific function
Plant Cells
Plant Cells have these organelles:
Rigid Cell WallsCell Membrane
VacuoleNucleus
MitochondriaCytoplasm
Green ChloroplastsRibosomes
Animal Cells
Animal Cells have these organelles:
Cell MembraneVacuoleNucleus
MitochondriaCytoplasmRibosomes
Functions of these organelles
help define the shape and give structure to
the plant.
Rigid Cell Walls
Functions of these organelles
Helps to control what enters and
leaves the cell
Cell Membrane
Functions of these organelles
Stores food, water, minerals and wastes,
they are more prominent in plant cells
Vacuole
Functions of these organelles
Controls most of the cell’s activity and
contains the genetic material called DNA
Nucleus
Functions of these organelles
Converts food energy into a form that the
cell can use
Mitochondria
Functions of these organelles
A gelatin-like substance that fills
the cell and contains many chemicals that
the cell needs
Cytoplasm
Functions of these organelles
Captures energy from sunlight and uses it to convert
carbon dioxide and water into
food
Green Chloroplasts
Functions of these organelles
Produce the protein for the cell
Ribosomes
Let’s get to work…
a plant cell
Create
and
an animal cell
with the organelles we talked about
Use the material at hand, cut out, draw, form or whatever is necessary.Label all organelles.
Find a way to show which organelles both cells have in common
Organelles Inside Cells:
• *Cell Membrane- thin flexible outer covering.
Controls what enters and leaves the cell. Known as
the “Gatekeeper”
*Cytoplasm- Gel-like fluid inside the cell made mostly of water. Other organelles are
inside the cytoplasm.
*Nucleus- “The brain”; Contains the genetic material called DNA, and is the control center
of the cell. Surrounded by a membrane just like the cell.
*Vacuole- “The refrigerator”, stores water, food and other wastes.
*Mitochondria- the “powerhouse”, where energy is created in a cell.
Organelles inside plant cells only
*Chloroplasts- sites where photosynthesis takes place in a plant
cell. They contain chlorophyll used to make
food.
*Cell Wall- Provides support, shape
and protection for plant cells.
Animal Cells
ADDITIONAL ORGANELLES FOR HONORS AND CHALLENGE CLASSES
Endoplasmic Reticulum-”The Highway”, helps to transport materials inside the cell.
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
Lysosome- “The stomach” of the cell. It digests waste and other
materials. Sometimes digests the cell itself.
Ribosome- Makes protein inside the cell.
Golgi Body- Packages
proteins; “UPS”
Chromosomes- Located in the nucleus, where genetic
information is stored.
Nucleolus- Inside the nucleus; creates
ribosomes