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What Parents Want from A Ski & Snowboard Club
Lester L. Keller PhD
USSA Club Excellence Symposium
May 2013
Participation Motivation & Attrition
• Top 3 reasons kids play
1. To have fun and enjoy themselves
2. To Get better at some task, to seek competence
3. To affiliate, make friends and do things together with those friends
Why Study Parents?
• Youth Sport Research Focused On:– Kids– Coaches
• What role does the Parent play?
Parent Roles in Child’s Sport Career
• Initiator• Instigator• Enabler• Supporter• Motivator
• Client?
Two Studies on Parents in Sport
• Keller• U of Utah• “Goals for Self: A
Phenomenological Study of Parents in Youth Sports”
• Parent Motives:– “What’s in for You?”– Why Sports?
• Fifer & Wiersma• Center for the Advancement of
Responsible Youth Sport, Cal State, Fullerton
• “It’s Our Turn to Speak: The Joys, Challenges, and Recommendations of Youth Sport Parents”
– Self Id of Parent Roles in Youth Sports• Joys• Difficulties and challenges
Sport Performance Frame
• A Developmental Theory of Youth Sport• Stages of Sport, Coté
– Sampling stage, 6-13 (U8-U14)– Specialization stage, 13-16 (U16)– Investment stage, 16> (U18 & U 20) – Recreational stage
• Additional Stages in Sport Career?– [Expert Stage, women 18+, Men 21+ (Seniors)– “Champion” Stage ]
Sport Stages suggested by CotéStage Ages Number of
SportsResponsible for initiation
Major Goal of stage
Sampling years 6-13 Many, more than 2
Parent Fun, Free play
Specialization years
13-16 1-2 Athlete/ parent Fun + Practice
Investment years
16> 1 Athlete (coach) Deliberate Practice
Recreational years
Any age Various Pursue sport, recreationally
Not directed toward elite
Expanded Support Team• Coach/Sport Roles
– Head Coach– Technical Coach, Primary Sport– Assistant coaches– Coaches, Secondary Sport– Conditioning Coach– Trainer, PT– Equipment Supplier– Serviceman– Mental Strength Coach– Club Director– Teammates– Rivals
• Family– Parents– Siblings– Extended Family
• Academic support Team
– Teachers– Counselors– Schoolmates– School Clubs
• Additional Sports
Parent Reward
• What do Parents seek in Initiating a sport career for their child?
• Why do they sustain that support as the child progresses through the stages?
• What role do parents play in choice and attrition?
Competitive Ski & Snowboarding
SPORT
FamilyDynamic
Personal Validation
Life’s Lessons
HONOR AND PASS ON MY VALUES
Why Sports?
• Health & well-being• Athleticism• Active life-style• Mountains and outdoor environments• Family history in sports
– In skiing– In riding
Strengthening the Family
• Family Traditions– “We are skiers” or “We are riders”.– Great family activity we can all do together
• Family Bonds– Strength through commitment– Shared sacrifice
Validation & Enjoyment
• The “Good Parent”• Made the right choices as a parent• I love to ski or ride• Travel to great ski areas
Dreams & Passions
• “ I am a ski racer”; or “I am a snowboarder”.• Stage 3 = the child/youth takes over the career. They own the
dream.– Development of a support network
• Contribution to the club• Contribution to the Sport
• Major support is from the family unit, aka the Parents
So, What Do they Seek in a Club? • Methods and Content
– Its not just the skiing or riding! Mostly but not all!• Orientation & Knowledge
• Manuals• Web sites• Podcasts• Mentors• “The Parent coach”• Training: How be a contributer to both the child and the Club
• Social Culture– Parent-child activities within the club structure
Club / Partnership
• Stage shift preparation– Every 2 Years the parents of a ‘U’ classification change– Prepare the parent for what is happening now & what is ahead
• Parent coach meetings• Organized squad & team support group
• Social affiliation– Parents seek to part of a ski racing community– Opportunity and activities
What is a Culture?
• The set of shared attitudes, values, goals or practices that characterizes an Institution
• The set of values, conventions, or social practices associated with a particular field, activity or profession
• Customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a group, institution, or organization
• The charcteristic features of everyday life shared by a people or group in a place or time
Common features of Definitions
• Values x 2• Attitudes• Goals• Practices, social practices• Conventions, customary beliefs• Material traits, characteristic features