What are the different types of tissues?BIOL 2010 Human Anatomy & Physiology IBIOL 2010 Human Anatomy & Physiology I

Tissues grouped into major types based on:* Structure of cells, * Composition of noncellular extracellular matrix and * Cell function

4 MAJOR Categories:• • • •

Histology: Microscopic Study of Tissues___________: removal of tissues for diagnostic purposes___________: examination of organs of a dead body to determine cause of death

Epithelial• Cells __________________• Covers body surfaces and

forms glands– Outside surface of the body– Lining of digestive, respiratory

and urogenital systems, heart, blood vessels and of body cavities

• Has _____, _____, and ______ surfaces

• • Specialized cell contacts• • Regenerate

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Nucleus

Free surface

Capillary

Surface view

Cross-sectional view

LungPleura

LM 640x

LM 640x

Epithelial cells withlittle extracellularmatrix

Connectivetissue

Basementmembrane

b: © Victor Eroschenko; c: © Ed Reschke

What are the different types of tissues?

• _____________ underlying structures; e.g., epithelium lining the mouth

• Acting as ____________; e.g., skin• Permitting the passage of substances; e.g.,

nephrons in kidney• ______________ substances; e.g., pancreas• ______________ substances; e.g., lining of small

intestine

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

• Number of layers of cells– _________ one layer of cells. Each extends from

basement membrane to the free surface– _________ more than one layer. Shape of cells of the

apical layer used to name the tissue. – ________________ tissue appears to be stratified, but

all cells contact basement membrane so it is in fact simple

• Shape of cells– ___________ flat, scale-like– ___________ about equal in height and width– ___________ taller than wide

What specific types of epithelial tissue are there?

• Simple: allows diffusion of gases, filtration of blood, secretion, absorption

• Stratified: protection, particularly against abrasion

• Squamous: allows diffusion or acts as filter

• Cuboidal and columnar: secretion or absorption. May include ____________that produce and secrete mucus.

What functions are associated with specific types of epithelial tissue?

Connective Tissue• Abundant; found in every organ• Consists of cells separated by extracellular matrix• Many diverse types• Performs variety of important functions

What are the different types of tissues?

• ________________ organs as a capsule and/or layers

• _______ tissues to one another (tendons & ligaments)

• _________ and movement (bones)

• __________ (fat)

• __________ and insulate (fat)

• Transport (blood)

• Protect (cells of the immune system)

What are the functions of connective tissue?

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• Connective Tissue Proper– ___________ (areolar). Collagenous fibers are

loosely arranged– ___________ Fibers form thick bundles that

nearly fill all extracellular space

• Supporting CT– –

• Fluid CT–

What are the major types of connective tissue?

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4-19

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• Muscle tissue characteristics– _____________ or shortens with force– Moves entire body and pumps blood

• Types– ___________ most attached to skeleton, but some

attached to other types of connective tissue. Striated and voluntary.

– ___________ muscle of the heart. Striated and involuntary.

– ___________ muscle associated with tubular structures and with the skin. Nonstriated and involuntary.

What are the different types of tissues?

Nervous tissue• _________ or nerve cells have the ability to

produce action potentials (communication)

What are the different types of tissues?

• Support cells of the brain, spinal cord and nerves

• Nourish, protect, and insulate neurons

What are the different types of tissues?

Nervous tissue•