Week #1 (10/14-10/16)Warm Up – Wed, 10/14 & Thurs, 10/15:- Fall Colors Review

Have out:Axial Skeletal notes

Pick up:4 pieces of paper (1 of each color)Vertebral Column wkstBony Thorax wkst

Agenda:1. Finish Axial Skeletal System

notes/wksts2. Work on Axial Review Guide

Homework:1. Axial Practical

Exam – Tues, 10/27

2. Axial Skeleton Latin Cards – Fri, 10/16

3. Axial Skeleton Latin Quiz- Mon, 10/19

Anatomy Fun Fact: The hands & feet constitute of more than half of the bones in the human body…106!

Chandler Care Center 100’s DONATIONS

WHAT: Thanksgiving box donations of soup

WHEN: Now through Nov. 15WHO: Everyone!!!THE BEST NEWS: You get the satisfaction of knowing you

helped make a local family’s Thanksgiving SO much better!I will give you EITHER 10 mins of Community Service

OR 1 EC pt on a homework assignmentper canyou may bring in as many as you would like

It’s FLU SEASON!Reminder!!!

The weather is changing & getting cooler…

Flu season is upon us!Wash your hands thoroughly after using the bathroom, before & after

eating, after touching public doors, etc.

Eat right – proper nutrition (including vitamins & minerals) is KEY to staying healthy!

Exercise! Staying active helps activate your immune system by increases blood circulation, which helps carry White Blood Cells (disease fighters) around your body!

Our Classroom Expectations

Definition of EXPECTATION: Something that is expected or required

1. Treat everyone & everything in the class as you want to be treated…with RESPECT!Ms. Andrews

Interruptions – Do NOT interrupt others when they are talking! Do NOT interrupt class when late or after using the restroom.

Tardiness – Be to class ON TIME or you will be SWEPT! Not Prepared – Come to class PREPARED with your

homework, pen/pencil & a good attitude.  Cell Phones!! I DO NOT want to see them AT ALL unless

I specify you can use them. This got way out of hand first quarter

Axial & Appendicular Practical Exams

Worth: 25 pts each (30% - Test) 1 – Axial Skeletal bones 1 – Appendicular Skeletal bones

Format: Bone/bone region (identification by name & classification by shape) & bone regions (by name) using real model bones

Time: 30 sec. at each station to identify

When: Tuesday, 10/27 – Axial; TBD – Appendicular

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Reminders for your Success!• We do NOT take LATE WORK!

• Deadlines are called “deadlines” for a reason!

• Excused Absence – 1 day/day excused to turn in make-up work!• See me day you get back if you need to \make up a lab!

• Use Schoolwires to access PPTs, homework & assignment due dates & test dates!

• http://www.mychandlerschools.org/• Andrews, Amalia• Calendar (beginning of each week)

• Office Hours: Mon-Thurs – after school in 505 or 611 (depending on the week)

• You do NOT need to take anything with you – no pen/pencil, paper or notes…just YOU & YOUR BRAIN!

• In just a moment, you’ll see 8 Multiple Choice Review Questions from information covered in Qtr 1.

• You must decide on the CORRECT answer & hold up the color paper of your choice QUIETLY!

• Once you’ve made your decision, keep that color paper in the air.

1. If you were to cut the cranium along the coronal suture, which anatomical plane would you be cutting along?

a. sagittal

b. transverse

c. frontal

d. oblique

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

2. Which suture connects the parietal bones of the skull?

a. coronal

b. lambdoid

c. squamous

d. sagittal

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

3. Osteoclasts are cells that break down ____ & send nutrients, such as Ca2+, into the ____.

a. periosteum…

medullary cavity

b. bone matrix…

medullary cavity

c. osteiod…

endosteum

d. spongy bone…

medullary cavity

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

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4. The deepest layer of skin is called ____ & is made mainly of _____ tissue.

a. dermis…connective

b. epidermis…stratified squamous epithelial

c. hypodermis… adipose

d. dermis… reticular

HINT: These guys have plenty of it!

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

5. A major function of sebum is to

a. protect the inner ear canal from dirt.

b. speed the secretion of water

when sweating.

c. force the contraction of the arrector pili muscles.

d. soften the hair & skin so that they do not become brittle.

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

6. The homeostatic control mechanism that maintains our internal body temperature is an example of ____.

a. negative feedback

b. positive feedback

c. continual feedback

d. thermoregulation

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

7. The picture below is of a humpback whale ulna at the Depoe Bay Whale Interpretive Center. This bone would be classified as a(n) ___.

a. flat bone c. irregular bone b. sutural bone d. long bone

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

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8. The lungs are located in the following cavities:

a. Pleural, ventral & thoracic

b. Mediastinum, thoracic & ventral

c. Pleural, dorsal & abdominal

d. Pericardial, ventral & thoracic

A – Brown

B – Orange

C – Red

D - Yellow

The Skeletal SystemLearning Goal: Students can describe the structure

& functions of the Skeletal System.Students will be able to:

Understand the differences between bones classified in the Axial Skeletal System & the Appendicular Skeletal System.

Identify & name bones of each 3 regions of the Axial Skeletal System.Identify & name the major bones & sutures of the skull.Know the number & names of the bones of the 5 vertebral groups.Identify & name various types of abnormal spinal curvatures.Identify & name bones & physical regions of bones from both the

Axial & Appendicular Skeletal Systems during a Practical Exam.

Skeletal System (Axial) Latin Roots

• Oss/osteo- = bone• Axi- = axis• Sagitt- = arrow• Ethm- = sieve• Vom- = discharge• Vert- = turn• Coron- = crown• Squam- = scale• Pariet- = wall• Tempor- = time• Maxim- = greatest

• Zyg- = yoke• Nas- = nose• Scoli- = crooked• -osis = condition of• Front- = forehead• Crani- = skull• Hyal- = glass• Hyo- = u-shaped• Sacr- = sacred• Sutur- = seam

Hyoid BoneOnly bone in the body

that does not articulate with any other bone

Acts as a moveable base for the tongue

Serves as an attachment sight for neck muscles that raise & lower larynx during swallowing & speech

The Vertebral Column33 vertebrae & discs of

fibrocartilage between them5 vertebral groups

7 cervical in the neck12 thoracic in the chest5 lumbar in lower back5 sacral fused into the sacrum4 coccygeal fused into coccyx

Anatomy of a Vertebrae• Each vertebrae has...

• Body (1)• Foramen (5) - hole for brain

stem/spinal cord• 1 Spinal (Spinous) process (2)• 2 Transverse processes (3 & 6)• 2 Superior Articular processes (4 &

7)

Differences in VertebraeCervical vertebrae

All-around smallest vertebraeLong spinal processLarge foramen (for brain stem)

“Foramen” refers to hole or space

Thoracic vertebraeRounder body compared to

cervical vertebraeLong transverse processesRounder, smaller foramen

Lumbar vertebraeAll-around largest vertebrae with large, thick bodySmall foramenTransverse & spinal processes are equivalent in size

Way to Remember the 3 Sets of VertebraeCervical vertebrae

Look like an ELEPHANT

Thoracic vertebraeLook like a GIRAFFE

Lumbar vertebraeLook like a MOOSE

Newborn Spinal Curvature• Spine exhibits one

continuous C-shaped curve• Known as primary curvature

S-shaped vertebral column with 4 curvatures

Secondary curvatures develop after birth

Adult Spinal Curvatures

Abnormal Spinal Curvatures• Result from disease,

posture, paralysis or congenital defect (present at birth)

• Scoliosis • Lack of proper

development of one vertebrae, lower limbs of unequal length, or paralysis

• Usually occurs in thoracic region

• Most common in girls

Abnormalities (Cont.)Kyphosis (hunchback)

Dorsally exaggerated thoracic curvatureMost often occurs in aged people

suffering from osteoporosis (increased softening of bone)

Lordosis (Swayback) Accentuated lumbar curvatureCaused by weak abdominal muscles or in

people that have temporary large front loads

Men with pot bellies or pregnant women intentionally throw back shoulders to compensate for center of gravity

Sacrum

• Large triangular bone at the base of the spine

• 5 vertebrae• Bones have fused by

age 26

CoccyxVestigial organ (unneeded evolutionary body part)Commonly referred to as the “tailbone”3-5 vertebraeBones of the coccyx will have fused by the age of 30Attached to base of sacrum by

ligamentsOnly portion of the vertebral

column in which the spinal cord does not reach

Now complete your Vertebral

Column Review Guide!!!

The Bony Thorax (Rib Cage)Set of bones that houses &

protects the heart, lungs, thymus, liver, kidney & stomach

Serves as attachment point for muscles involved in respiration, posture & movement of upper body bones

Costal cartilage: flexible, elastic tissue connecting ribs to sternum (breastbone)

You will be responsible for knowing these major bones & cartilage of the bony thorax!

Now complete your Thoracic Cage

Review Guide!!!

Practice for the Axial Quiz & Practical!

• In your new lab groups, complete the Axial Skeleton Review for practice for your Axial Skeletal Practical & Quiz.

• You should be able to:• Identify (name & spell correctly) all bones• Classify (by shape) all bones• Identify bone regions (i.e., spinous process) & sutures

(of the skull)

30 mins!