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WECC Planning CommitteeUnderfrequency Load Shedding
Review Group Update
March 25, & 26, 2014
2
Underfrequency Load Shedding Review Group (UFLSRG)
• Philip Augustin Richard Hydzik Jerry Rust• Kent Bolton Danny Johnson Hari Singh• Desmond Chan Gerald Keenan Dede Subakti• Eleanor EwryStephanie Lu Branden Sudduth• Roy Gearhart Grace Martinez Shilpa Toppo• Irina Green Chris Pink Mike VanRemoortere• Mark HansonSteve Rueckert Gregory Vassallo
UFLSRG
3
Devices respond to a frequency changeo Frequency sensitive load – motorso Frequency sensitive generation – governorso Automatic Generation control – AGCo Contingency Reserve Deployment – generation,
curtailment interruptible load, etc.o Other measures
After a disturbance – loss of generation - what happens?
4
59.9
59.92
59.94
59.96
59.98
60
60.02
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
Typical Frequency Event WECC (Average of 5 events, T-5 to T+60)
Seconds
Typical WECC Frequency Excursion
Point C
Point A
Point B
5
If frequency is still declining then what?
After a disturbance – loss of generation - what happens?
6
Purpose of UFLS
Last automatic protection scheme to arrest the frequency decline after a disturbance
Load Shedding Occurs; Frequency decline was arrested; and, Recovery was observed.
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oUFLS Plan is to protect against cascading resource loss
oWECC RAS 1 is a separation Scheme – COI and Four Corners North Island South Island
UFLSRG Concepts to Remember
8
o PRC-006-1 Broken down into these Requirements Joint review including historical events - E.B.1 Identified Island – E.B.2 A Regional UFLS Plan & simulation - E.B.R3.
through R5.• Adopted by the WECC Board
A Regional UFLS Data Base – R6. thru R9.• Established through PRC-006-WECC-CRT-1
UFLSRG
9
Simulation of the Plan Once every 5 years - By November 1, 2014 (first year) – E.B.4
• UFLSRG Identified Islands and Scenarios E.B.1 & E.B.2 based upon prior simulations and Southwest Outage
• 14 different scenarios
UFLSRG
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o Simulation and Report Findings WECC technical review and formatting – will be posted for review –
approval at July meetings• Performance of the various UFLS settings demonstrated the applied
relays will provide adequate protection for the resource losses totaling up to 25% or greater in the defined islands
• Frequency excursion will experience conditions that would have 58.0Hz encroached but not passed
• Studies illustrated that the frequency arrestment utilized the full 5-step load shed and resulted in acceptable trajectory for frequency recovery
• In some cases, a few of the island configurations are showing 15-seconds anti-stalling features being engaged.
UFLSRG
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o Islands Simulated WECC North Island (Canada, further separation Alberta) South Island SW Outage event and all combinations
UFLSRG
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UFLSRG
1. 59.5 SILT ----- (~3,200 MW)2. 59.3 NW 5.6%3. 59.2 NW 5.6%4. 59.1 WECC other 5.3%5. 59.0 NW 5.6%6. 58.9 WECC other 5.9%7. 58.8 NW 5.6%8. 58.7 WECC other 6.3%9. 58.6 NW 5.6%10. 58.5 WECC other 6.7%11. 58.3 WECC other 6.7%
2014 current WECC Plan
13
Case-Islands
14HS4island Pgen Pload PSched 10% 15% 20% 25%
WECC 173,594 167,475Neutral0 16,747 25,121 33,495 41,869
NORTH 76,655 67,167Export 6,445 13,162 16,520 19,878 23,237
SOUTH 96,939 100,307Import-6,445 3,586 8,601 13,616 18,632
Feb 2014
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MSSC LossArea Area_Name unit Pmax
54ALBERTA
Genesee 500
14ARIZONA
Palo Verde12 2756
50B.C.HYDRO
Revelstok345 1,505
11EL PASO
Riogd_G8 150
60IDAHO
Brownlee 5 259
21IMPERIALCA
El Steam 4 80
26LADWP
Scatt3g 460
20MEXICO-CFE
LRP-u4 290
62MONTANA
Colstrip 800
18NEVADA
HigginS3 330
10NEW MEXICO
San Juan 4 544
40NORTHWEST
CGS 1150
65 PAC J Bridger 12 1100
30PG AND E
Diablo Canyon
1200
70PSCOLORADO
Comanche3 805
22SAN DIEGO
Encina 5 329
64SIERRA
Valmy G2 300
24SOCALIF
Ormond2 750
52FORTISBC
Waneta 120
73WAPA R.M.
MBPP-1 605
63WAPA U.M.
Ft Peck 108
WECC 14,141 MWN-Island 6,647 MWS-Island 7,494 MW
15
Project LossArea Area_Name Project Loss Pmax
54ALBERTA
Genesee 1,371
14ARIZONA
Palo Verde 4,132
50B.C.HYDRO
Gordon Shrum
2,830
11EL PASO
Newman6 288
60IDAHO
Brownlee 746
21IMPERIALCA
El Steam 263
26LADWP
Inter Mtn 1,900
20MEXICO-CFE
Pres. Juarez 1,128
62MONTANA
Colstrip 2,306
18NEVADA
Lenzie 1,170
10NEW MEXICO
San Juan 1,834
40NORTHWEST
Coulee 3ph 4,598
65PAC
J Bridger 2,200
30PG AND E
Diablo Canyon
2,400
70PSCOLORADO
Comanche 1,530
22SAN DIEGO
Encina 946
64SIERRA
Valmy 565
24SOCALIF
Ormond 1,500
52FORTISBC
Waneta 480
73WAPA R.M.
Craig 1,374
63WAPA U.M.
Ft Peck 108
WECC 33,344 MWN-Island 16,409 MWS-Island 16,935 MW
16
o Performance The WECC Plan performed as designed under simulations
Load Shedding Occurs; Frequency decline was arrested; and, Recovery was observed.
UFLSRG
17
o SW Outage Events Initial outage exceeded the 25% resources loss of the
UFLS Plan, therefore not a credible island for UFLS – beyond standard requirements
oCanada and Alberta During the past 10 years these islands have not formed
due to an underfrequency event.
UFLSRG
18
oReview of the last unplanned large loss of generation
o June 14, 2004
UFLSRG
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Disturbance Overview
June 14, 2004 at 0741 MST
Westwing 500 kV / 230 kV and Palo Verde 500 kV subs cleared
Generation Tripped - 4610 MW’s
Load Interrupted - 996 MW’s
20 20
Event Summary
Bird Excrement Caused Fault on Westwing-
Liberty 230 kV Line
Westwing WW1022 breaker failed to trip
(single point of failure – Auxiliary Relay)
APS System Operators thought WW 1022
breaker was in the open position during
restoration
21 21
Frequency ChartFrequency(HZ)
59.5
59.6
59.7
59.8
59.9
60
60.1
7:37
:55
7:40
:48
7:43
:41
7:46
:34
7:49
:26
7:52
:19
7:55
:12
7:58
:05
8:00
:58
TIME
22
Generation Tripped
Palo Verde Units 1, 2 & 3 3796 MWPalo Verde Units 1, 2 & 3 3796 MW
Red Hawk Units 1 & 2 206 MWRed Hawk Units 1 & 2 206 MW
Duke Arlington Unit 1 420 MWDuke Arlington Unit 1 420 MW
Other Units Other Units 188 188 MW MW
TotalTotal 4610 MW4610 MW
23 23
System Restoration
• System Frequency recovered within 16 minutes
• COI was over its OTC limit for 13.5 minutes
• APS and SRP SOs focused on getting power to Palo Verde
24
o Islands Simulated E.B.1 & E.B.2 - Planning Coordinators shall
participate and identify one or more islands to serve as the basis…
oUFLSRG has reviewed the past 10 years and configuration of the Western Interconnection
UFLSRG Future 2014-15
25
o Proposed Islands to be Simulated 2014-15 WECC North Island South Island
UFLSRG
26
oUFLS Review Group leadership To quote Forrest Gump “ I’m not a smart man” Volunteered for one year in 2008
o Transferring leadership to Chris Pink
UFLSRG
Questions?