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WALL COVERINGS AND CEILINGS
Walls, ceilings and floors comprise
the largest visual portion of a room.
Appearance… Large patterns will make a large room appear closer. Small patterns and light colors make a small room
appear larger. Mirrors create an illusion of space. Wall coverings should coordinate with furnishings. Colors should not overpower furnishings. Vertical stripes will make a wall appear taller Tall walls appear lower when ceiling and walls are
same color. Choosing a dominant feature in the room will help
determine wall coverings.
Ceilings Long ago were often painted with
murals, designs or pendants. Most materials discussed can be
used on ceilings Average height is 8 feet. High or angled ceilings lend a
feeling of dignity Low or beamed ceilings create a
warm and informal room. Acoustic materials absorb sound
Walls
Bearing Walls: Support weight of structure and can not be removed.
Non-bearing: walls separate space They serve as:
○ Dividers for privacy○ Noise control○ Structure○ Aesthetics.
Wall and ceiling Coverings
Wall coverings○ Selected according to:
Function SizeOrientation to a natural light sourceExisting furnishingsBudgetMaintenance.
Overview of Materials
6 basic types of wall treatments Hard or Rigid Materials Paint Paneling Molding Wall Paper Fabric
Examples: Brick Cork Glass
Fabric Paint Plaster
Metal Tile Paper
Wood Concrete Stone
Natural and Fabricated materials Materials can be used on walls, ceilings and sometimes floors
Wall Coverings Hard or Rigid Materials: Brick, Tile, Glass,
Metal, Wood
CostlyAre permanentRequire little/no upkeepGive natural textureConsidered classic
Wall Coverings Paper: Paper, Vinyl, Flocked,
Embossed, Foiled, Mural
Tremendous variety to choose from Low to high cost, mostly modestImitates natural materialsCovers blemished wallsCoordinates/Allows creativityInstant décorCan be washed depending on type of
paper.
Purchasing Wallpaper
Packaged and sold by the ROLL (not foot/yard). Pattern Repeats- allow enough space for large
patterns A Run/dye Number printed on wallpaper indicates
which dye lot it came from.
Strippable – easy to remove
Scrubable – design remains when scrubbed
Pre-pasted – glue already applied to back
Vinyl-coated – recommended for kitchens, bathrooms, and playrooms.
Wall Coverings
FabricLarge variety of patterns and
colorsMounted in different ways:
shirred, frames, upholstered, stapling
Not as practical in areas that get a lot of wear or dirt.
Average to high costVacuum to remove dirt and
wash if possible.
Wall Coverings Paneling
Warm and attractive appearance
Requires little maintenanceDifferent forms and price
ranges
Wall Coverings
MoldingStrips of wood used for trim or
ornamentation in a room.Main purpose is to finish off a window, door
or wall.○ Baseboard molding○ Crown molding○ Chair Rail○ Picture Rail
Molding Available in a wide range
of colors, grains & species
Hides architectural flaws
Provides insulation
Hides seams or dry wall
Crown Molding
Finishes a top edge
Chair Rail/Wainscot
Divides room horizontally
Base Board
Covers lowest part of wall
Wall Coverings Paint
Most popular Least expensive wall
coveringOffers color, texture and
varietyProvides visual excitementBright = attentionDark = close/advanceLight = open/expand
Faux: Imitates other materials
Trump l’oeil: fool the eye, 3-D
Paint Types
Oil-Based○ Durable and washable○ Chosen for walls and ceilings in
bathrooms and kitchens○ Can not clean up brushes with water
Latex○ Easily applied○ Water based, easy clean up○ Often used for living, dining and
bedrooms.
FinishesGloss, semi-gloss, satin and flat
Flat Finish Flat finish softens walls and helps hide surface
imperfections. It is the least expensive Totally shine-free Good for Ceilings where you will not need to wash
them often Stains can be difficult to remove, so do not use in
high-traffic areas
Paint - Eggshell Provides greater warmth and depth to surfaces
than flat paints. Resist stains better than flat paints, although not
as well as semigloss and high-gloss finishes.
Satin Finish
Satin and low luster paints have a slightly higher sheen than eggshell finishes
Is slightly easier to clean than a flat and eggshell finish
Semi-gloss Finish Slightly glossy appearance less reflective than gloss paints They offer good stain resistance, are easy to clean, and
may be a good choice if you have young children Most experts agree that the highest quality semi-gloss
paints are 100% acrylic latex paints, which also come in enamel grades.
High-Gloss Highly reflective appearance Toughest, most durable, and most stain-resistant finish They are easier to clean Ideal for areas exposed to heavy traffic or use, especially
those prone to fingerprints or grime Tend to highlight surface imperfections. Both latex and oil-based gloss paints are referred to as
enamels.
Bob Villa’s Interior Paint Selection Guide
Where traffic, moisture, and abrasion are likely to occur, high-gloss finishes may be recommended. Flat finishes and low-luster paints are better suited to quieter areas of the home and new construction.