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Dr. Dirk Glaesser Director, Sustainable Development of Tourism UNWTO
Visa Openness Report 2016
Strengthening Aviation Security through Improved Traveller Identification
Visa Openness Report 2016
World population affected, 2016
58%
15%
20%
7%
Traditional visa
Visa on arrival
No visa
eVisa
World population affected, 2008-2016 (%) 75 77 75
64 64 62 61 58
5 6 8
16 15 16 15 15 20
17 17 18 18 19 18 20
2 3 3 6 7
1980 2008 2010 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Traditional visa Visa on arrival No visa required eVisa
Tourism visa openness index 2016
Low openness
High openness
0-21 22-25 26-53 54-100
Openness score by region, 2016
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
World average
Most open destinations 52
45
56
44
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
World average
Most restrictive destinations
21
11 13
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
World average
Most open destinations
Openness: 100
Cook Islands Micronesia
Niue
Openness:
99-80 Dominica
Haiti Ecuador
Indonesia Macau
Openness: 79-70
Hong Kong Mauritius Vanuatu
Fiji St Kitts & Nevis
Montserrat Guyana
St Vincent & Grenadines Cambodia
Timor-Leste Samoa
Cape Verde
Jamaica Guinea-Bissau
Togo Palau Nepal
Uganda Mozambique Mauritania
Comoros Islands Madagascar Seychelles
Tuvalu Maldives
Global trends in openness
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1980 2008 2010 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
World average Advanced economies Emerging economies
Ope
nnes
s In
dex
Reciprocity
Global status and selected economic blocs
Global reciprocal policies, 2016
19% of visa policy pairs between countries are reciprocally open
29% of visa policy pairs between countries reciprocally require traditional visas
Global reciprocal policies, 2008-2016 Reciprocal traditional visa restrictions decreased from 57% to 29%
71 68
54 54 52 51 50
14 16 16 16 17 17 19
57 52
35 36 33 31 29
3 2 3 3 3
2008 2010 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
% Reciprocal% Reciprocally no visa required% Reciprocally visa required% Reciprocally visa on arrival or eVisa
Open reciprocity among advanced and emerging economies within selected regional and economic blocs (%), 2008 and 2016
61
90 91 100
35 32
50
100
28
80 75
100
45
32
70
100
APEC G20 OECD Schengenarea
APEC G20 OECD Schengenarea
Advanced economies Emerging economies
2008
2016
Open Reciprocity among members and between members and non-members of regional and economic blocs, 2016 (%)
2
11
20
23
8
20
26
28
15
2
33
16
33
34
43
44
58
60
74
91
100
100
PAFTA
NAFTA
APEC
CAFTA-DR
SADC
OSCE
G20
OECD
ASEAN
ECOWAS
Schengen Area
Open reciprocity among members Open reciprocity between members and non-members
World average (19)
Recommendations
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