[_yu ISSN 0372 - 7866]

INSTITUT ZA ZA~TlTU BIUA I ZIVOTNU SREDlNU - BEOGRAD INST ITUTE FOR PLANT PROTECTION AND ENVIRONMENT - BELGRADE

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ZASTITA BILJA PLANT PROTECTION

VOL46(3) No213JltJ95

Zasecttita bilja Vol 46 (3) Br 213 (str165- 234 ) Beograd 1995

~tita bilja Vol 46 (3) 213 165middot234 (1995) Beograd

CONTENTS

R e views pa pers

J Stojanovic and S Stojanuvic Physiological aspects of s mall grains immunity to diseases 181

Original Slienti fic papers

S Stoianovi 1 Stojanovic and R l evtic Efficie ncy or the barley resis ta nce genes to powdery mildew IX7

M Arsmijevic A ObradoviC and P MitroviC Bacetrial soft rot of cabbage seed plants l lt)()

M Vidic S Jasnic and J Miadinoviclt The Pathogeniccty of Plwmopsis sujae and Phomopsis longicota isolates on soybea n 205

T Trajcevski und M ToJic Contrivution to the study of Phitophthora nicminae var nicorinae pmmiddotasite of tobacco 21 4

A Ohradovic M Arsenijevic M Mijatovic a11d M M arinkovi Bacterin SiJOl of pepper tran~plants 220

M Milosevic 8 Konsrantinovic M Zlokulica and M Vraganif Mycoflora of wheat barley and corn seeds 227

181 la~lita bilja Vol 46 (I) 213169-181 (1995) Beogrold

H a lilt 11 o 11 IU1 (t~) Hwtyn~rre~middot patlHttH K HltrpetclHOHIIIgttM aatiQIIellaiiiiiiM Haytca Mgtaltaa

Vr ~ A (19lt5) Fubullnure et sante des pluntes Rew sui~~eviticultlllboricult et honicult S 273-274

B c Jl 111 JHI 11 a TB (191)1) Blooume ~oiiHil MHHepanwlaquogtTO mrraHIIII pacreIHA ua MaC5yXDJ~Ke M OOKJlall~KHe XJilgtponnacmn BUICHHIUgtl llOJlalllteHHOit ~fe611eBa pgtaampIIIHOA 0611HnrnmA lla~M jl-6~ MocJcllltl

IJn tapollltt T (1Wt) GxmtolaEfe ~ CQlepl4QIIHM 3lllOleHOro 14o-tean~~~a M)TOiNHBocno liIMeftll K M)llnt~oo pocc (gt61utrt11Util napallll1t3M 31~35Mlaala

El U Ill II C ll An (1~) ~lb ltHIHOllOTW~CIltIt a~mt~~HJgtrlt ~ 8 )Cr0H1J110Cl11 paCTeM11A K (XliiCItlllM TipOmiddot

6JlC~I11 HMM)IKreln CmiddotX3 paeteHIIII K 6one~HIIM 112-IIX MHJCK

Bopu11K(lll JlA nepOIJltI HA (197H) centoroallnClliICCJClfrt 81UJaiXlf paltTCIII1A 11p11 llcriICite~ C-XJ

(IIIOJJOillil S 00-fl15

Woud MJ Robson AD (1934) Effect ofcopperdeficiency on tho infection ofroots by ltittlumtuYc~( snuniniv var tritiei Auslr J Agr Res 6 735-743

3 a py61tH a MA (1~) SttoxiNIooou IIJ)IAitoa~IICII )Cil)HIHIIOCll4 3llIyenTJJXiCTCIIII) 5 21

3aJlY6MIIt MA ryccna HH )l(aKUTC lUIbull MocloCi)lllt CHbull Hrymnl06 Bl (IYXX) AnmmtiIHbK pcalQlHii KYJIIgttYIJtlbiX pacnnlff 111 OI1(JJKJCCKHii H aOtltYntqfCkllit CJJ)iliCIgt~ C-x) flHltIIJOIUgtl 2 111-117

Sf Mlt 11 cc 6 AM Mc1 e IITIgtCD AWbull sJ e-1lt111 ~coa AA (19tllt) 0 SJJaICJHI teKTittiOIIll ~lt~~QJrmol1 pcaKIlJIII uu~~~bull K ruUIIrltllt rmiddot~ CXl 6tronon111 5 4l4i

sJ poUie H 1(0 TBbull 3 y6KO HSl rpc 6c II IY )lt EA (1975) ElfOXItMHbullJeUQ~e ofXJat001111C ~lMbullIHfnll JnultON K ~IHiotM Cione-DWM lilnlclt 11-liltIGIAltraquot VI settOICOImiddotIflllt) ~IWI no mt111nY -Xt

I)IKmtMH 67-IlK

(Jgtrimljebullubull26fJI99$)

PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SMALL GRAINS IMMUNITY TO DISEASES

by

JoYanka Scojanovit and S Scojanovit Agricuhurl reseanh in~titute Serbi11 Beograd

Center for ~mull grains Kro~fNievac

Summary

The paper deals with generalization of the data available in literature on mechanism and physiological function of the plants during pathogenesis and on many aspectS of host-parasite relations Comparative studies on the physiological process of resistant and susceptible varieties might give an insight into the nature of immunity of plants to diseases Also considerable attention was given to the changes in the physiological processes of the diseased plants as water regime photosynthesis respiration carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism enzymatic reactions etc On the basis of these data it was proposed the modes of increasing the resistance ofthe plants to infections and the decreasing ofthe great damages caused by parasites

~tita bilja Vol 46 (3) 213 165middot234 (1995) Beograd

CONTENTS

R e views pa pers

J Stojanovic and S Stojanuvic Physiological aspects of s mall grains immunity to diseases 181

Original Slienti fic papers

S Stoianovi 1 Stojanovic and R l evtic Efficie ncy or the barley resis ta nce genes to powdery mildew IX7

M Arsmijevic A ObradoviC and P MitroviC Bacetrial soft rot of cabbage seed plants l lt)()

M Vidic S Jasnic and J Miadinoviclt The Pathogeniccty of Plwmopsis sujae and Phomopsis longicota isolates on soybea n 205

T Trajcevski und M ToJic Contrivution to the study of Phitophthora nicminae var nicorinae pmmiddotasite of tobacco 21 4

A Ohradovic M Arsenijevic M Mijatovic a11d M M arinkovi Bacterin SiJOl of pepper tran~plants 220

M Milosevic 8 Konsrantinovic M Zlokulica and M Vraganif Mycoflora of wheat barley and corn seeds 227

181 la~lita bilja Vol 46 (I) 213169-181 (1995) Beogrold

H a lilt 11 o 11 IU1 (t~) Hwtyn~rre~middot patlHttH K HltrpetclHOHIIIgttM aatiQIIellaiiiiiiM Haytca Mgtaltaa

Vr ~ A (19lt5) Fubullnure et sante des pluntes Rew sui~~eviticultlllboricult et honicult S 273-274

B c Jl 111 JHI 11 a TB (191)1) Blooume ~oiiHil MHHepanwlaquogtTO mrraHIIII pacreIHA ua MaC5yXDJ~Ke M OOKJlall~KHe XJilgtponnacmn BUICHHIUgtl llOJlalllteHHOit ~fe611eBa pgtaampIIIHOA 0611HnrnmA lla~M jl-6~ MocJcllltl

IJn tapollltt T (1Wt) GxmtolaEfe ~ CQlepl4QIIHM 3lllOleHOro 14o-tean~~~a M)TOiNHBocno liIMeftll K M)llnt~oo pocc (gt61utrt11Util napallll1t3M 31~35Mlaala

El U Ill II C ll An (1~) ~lb ltHIHOllOTW~CIltIt a~mt~~HJgtrlt ~ 8 )Cr0H1J110Cl11 paCTeM11A K (XliiCItlllM TipOmiddot

6JlC~I11 HMM)IKreln CmiddotX3 paeteHIIII K 6one~HIIM 112-IIX MHJCK

Bopu11K(lll JlA nepOIJltI HA (197H) centoroallnClliICCJClfrt 81UJaiXlf paltTCIII1A 11p11 llcriICite~ C-XJ

(IIIOJJOillil S 00-fl15

Woud MJ Robson AD (1934) Effect ofcopperdeficiency on tho infection ofroots by ltittlumtuYc~( snuniniv var tritiei Auslr J Agr Res 6 735-743

3 a py61tH a MA (1~) SttoxiNIooou IIJ)IAitoa~IICII )Cil)HIHIIOCll4 3llIyenTJJXiCTCIIII) 5 21

3aJlY6MIIt MA ryccna HH )l(aKUTC lUIbull MocloCi)lllt CHbull Hrymnl06 Bl (IYXX) AnmmtiIHbK pcalQlHii KYJIIgttYIJtlbiX pacnnlff 111 OI1(JJKJCCKHii H aOtltYntqfCkllit CJJ)iliCIgt~ C-x) flHltIIJOIUgtl 2 111-117

Sf Mlt 11 cc 6 AM Mc1 e IITIgtCD AWbull sJ e-1lt111 ~coa AA (19tllt) 0 SJJaICJHI teKTittiOIIll ~lt~~QJrmol1 pcaKIlJIII uu~~~bull K ruUIIrltllt rmiddot~ CXl 6tronon111 5 4l4i

sJ poUie H 1(0 TBbull 3 y6KO HSl rpc 6c II IY )lt EA (1975) ElfOXItMHbullJeUQ~e ofXJat001111C ~lMbullIHfnll JnultON K ~IHiotM Cione-DWM lilnlclt 11-liltIGIAltraquot VI settOICOImiddotIflllt) ~IWI no mt111nY -Xt

I)IKmtMH 67-IlK

(Jgtrimljebullubull26fJI99$)

PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SMALL GRAINS IMMUNITY TO DISEASES

by

JoYanka Scojanovit and S Scojanovit Agricuhurl reseanh in~titute Serbi11 Beograd

Center for ~mull grains Kro~fNievac

Summary

The paper deals with generalization of the data available in literature on mechanism and physiological function of the plants during pathogenesis and on many aspectS of host-parasite relations Comparative studies on the physiological process of resistant and susceptible varieties might give an insight into the nature of immunity of plants to diseases Also considerable attention was given to the changes in the physiological processes of the diseased plants as water regime photosynthesis respiration carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism enzymatic reactions etc On the basis of these data it was proposed the modes of increasing the resistance ofthe plants to infections and the decreasing ofthe great damages caused by parasites

181 la~lita bilja Vol 46 (I) 213169-181 (1995) Beogrold

H a lilt 11 o 11 IU1 (t~) Hwtyn~rre~middot patlHttH K HltrpetclHOHIIIgttM aatiQIIellaiiiiiiM Haytca Mgtaltaa

Vr ~ A (19lt5) Fubullnure et sante des pluntes Rew sui~~eviticultlllboricult et honicult S 273-274

B c Jl 111 JHI 11 a TB (191)1) Blooume ~oiiHil MHHepanwlaquogtTO mrraHIIII pacreIHA ua MaC5yXDJ~Ke M OOKJlall~KHe XJilgtponnacmn BUICHHIUgtl llOJlalllteHHOit ~fe611eBa pgtaampIIIHOA 0611HnrnmA lla~M jl-6~ MocJcllltl

IJn tapollltt T (1Wt) GxmtolaEfe ~ CQlepl4QIIHM 3lllOleHOro 14o-tean~~~a M)TOiNHBocno liIMeftll K M)llnt~oo pocc (gt61utrt11Util napallll1t3M 31~35Mlaala

El U Ill II C ll An (1~) ~lb ltHIHOllOTW~CIltIt a~mt~~HJgtrlt ~ 8 )Cr0H1J110Cl11 paCTeM11A K (XliiCItlllM TipOmiddot

6JlC~I11 HMM)IKreln CmiddotX3 paeteHIIII K 6one~HIIM 112-IIX MHJCK

Bopu11K(lll JlA nepOIJltI HA (197H) centoroallnClliICCJClfrt 81UJaiXlf paltTCIII1A 11p11 llcriICite~ C-XJ

(IIIOJJOillil S 00-fl15

Woud MJ Robson AD (1934) Effect ofcopperdeficiency on tho infection ofroots by ltittlumtuYc~( snuniniv var tritiei Auslr J Agr Res 6 735-743

3 a py61tH a MA (1~) SttoxiNIooou IIJ)IAitoa~IICII )Cil)HIHIIOCll4 3llIyenTJJXiCTCIIII) 5 21

3aJlY6MIIt MA ryccna HH )l(aKUTC lUIbull MocloCi)lllt CHbull Hrymnl06 Bl (IYXX) AnmmtiIHbK pcalQlHii KYJIIgttYIJtlbiX pacnnlff 111 OI1(JJKJCCKHii H aOtltYntqfCkllit CJJ)iliCIgt~ C-x) flHltIIJOIUgtl 2 111-117

Sf Mlt 11 cc 6 AM Mc1 e IITIgtCD AWbull sJ e-1lt111 ~coa AA (19tllt) 0 SJJaICJHI teKTittiOIIll ~lt~~QJrmol1 pcaKIlJIII uu~~~bull K ruUIIrltllt rmiddot~ CXl 6tronon111 5 4l4i

sJ poUie H 1(0 TBbull 3 y6KO HSl rpc 6c II IY )lt EA (1975) ElfOXItMHbullJeUQ~e ofXJat001111C ~lMbullIHfnll JnultON K ~IHiotM Cione-DWM lilnlclt 11-liltIGIAltraquot VI settOICOImiddotIflllt) ~IWI no mt111nY -Xt

I)IKmtMH 67-IlK

(Jgtrimljebullubull26fJI99$)

PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SMALL GRAINS IMMUNITY TO DISEASES

by

JoYanka Scojanovit and S Scojanovit Agricuhurl reseanh in~titute Serbi11 Beograd

Center for ~mull grains Kro~fNievac

Summary

The paper deals with generalization of the data available in literature on mechanism and physiological function of the plants during pathogenesis and on many aspectS of host-parasite relations Comparative studies on the physiological process of resistant and susceptible varieties might give an insight into the nature of immunity of plants to diseases Also considerable attention was given to the changes in the physiological processes of the diseased plants as water regime photosynthesis respiration carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism enzymatic reactions etc On the basis of these data it was proposed the modes of increasing the resistance ofthe plants to infections and the decreasing ofthe great damages caused by parasites

-----------------------------------------Zastila bilja Vnl 46 (l) 213 183middot 117 (1995) Beogrtcl 187

M os~man J G (1972) Isog~nicBarley Lines for Reaction toErytifJh~ xrruni11i~J SJ)mrJei CrupScicucc 12 681middot682

S og t a r d 8 J 16 r g e n sen H ( 19K7) Genes for reaction ro Erytiphe gruminir lumlti (powdery mildew) Barley genetics newsletber 17 120-134

Wi I I i a tn RB bull S u s an EB (1975) Aggreglllion ofhost cylopla-m and the formation ofpapillae and IIWitoria in powdery mildew of burley Phytopathology 65 3Ul-JI8

(Primljcnu JQt995)

EFFICIENCY OF THE BARLEY RESISTANCE GENES TO POWDERY MILDEW

by

S StojaDoviC and Jovanka Stojanovif Agricultural Research Institute Srbija Beogrud

Center for Small Gruins Kragujevac RJevtic

Institute ofField and Vegctuble Crop Novi Sad

Summary

The barley powdery mildew is very spread in Serbia Good results in the control of this disease could be realized by growing of resistant cultivars

Investigation was canied out during 1991-1992 in five localitie~ (Kragujevac Zaje~ar Krusevac Vr8ac and Pee) Aniticial inoculation was made only in Kragujevac

The results show that the genes ml-05 MI-a 16 Ml-al7 MI-a 18 and MI-a19 were the most eftectivc There are no virulence alleles to this genes in our population The genes MI-a Ml-a3 Ml-a9 Ml-a13 Ml-p i Ml-at had the middle etliciency (coefficient of infection 22middot9S) The other genes (Ml-a6 Ml-a8 Ml-aJ2 MI-g Ml-c Ml-k Ml-nn Ml-41145 Ml-h and MI-La) were not effective

196 Zu~titu bilju Vol 46 (3 ) 21 ~ 189middot196 ( 1995) Beogmd

T ho1ns on SV Hi ld cbrud DC Sc hruth MN (1981) ldenlificaJion aad oolriliotlll dilkm~tiltion of~Elwiniulugubeet plllbogen (rommcmhc11 ofErwilliammtANOraand E rhrywmthemi Pbytopatholshyogy71 1037-1042

T such i y a K Mats u yam u N Wakim o 1o S (1983) Studie~ on the Relationship Between Virulence and B~~etcriological Propertie~ in E1winit1 camttJVIIru subtp cumtrmnu JFacAgr Kyushu Univ 27 197-207

(Primljetu1 JOOJ995j

BACfERIAL SOFf ROT OF CABBAGE SEED PLANTS

by

M Anelljjnie1gt A OllndoyenitZ) aad PMU~oY~f1gt 1Faculty ofAsricui1Um Novi Sad

2lnlltitute fnr Agricultural RaealdISedlia Beocrod - Center for Vegetllblcs Smcdcrcvska Pulunlw

Summary

In the spring of 1993 a soft rot of individual seed cabbage plants was noticedin a field near No vi Sacl Several bacterial strains were isolarecl from the diseased cabbage tiS$Ue Three of them (Ku-60 Ku-61 Ku-62) were studied in detail The investigated strains expressed the following common characteristics

- High level of pathogenicity causing hypersensitive reaction of tobacco leaves wilting and stem rot ofcabbage transplants aruJ soft rot ofpotato slices tomato and pepper fruits

~ Colonies on nutrient medium are round convex shiny and white-cream ~ Bacterial cells are Gram-negative aspomgenous rodshaped with peritrichous flagellashy

tion -lnveomgated strains do not produce green fluorescent pigment an Kings medium B grow

at 37C and also in presence of S NaCI oxidase lecithinase and phosphatase are negative but catalase positive acid production from lactose and trehalose is positive but not from dulcitol and a-methyl glucoside indole production and reducing substances from sucrose are negative

Acconting to these results itcould be concluded chat all strains investigated belong to the balterium Erwinia carotoi)OTQ Bllbsp carolOI)OM (Jones) Bergey et al 1923

205 Zatita bilja Vol 46 (3) 213197-205 (1995) Beograd

M c G e c DC (1986) Prediction of PhomtiMit seetl decay by measuring soybean pod infection Plant Di~ 70 32middot3~3

Peterson JL and Strelecki RF (1965) The efect of variltlllts of Diaponhe phuseolorum on soybean gemlination and grouth in New Jency Plunt Diseases Reporter 49 22R-229

R u pe and Ferriss RS ( 19K7) A model for predicting the effects os microclillUite on infection ofsoybean by Phomt1psis ltmgitmiddotolu Phytopathology 77 1162-1166

Sinclair JB ami Backman PA (1989) Compendium of soybean diseases The AmeriCM Phytpathogicu Society (third Edition)

Thorns o n PR Jeffers DL and Schmitt hen ner AF (1988) Phtlmoptit seed infection and nutrient acumulation in pods ofsoybean with reduced fruit loads Agcon l 80 55-59

To sic M Panic M S toj a nov i c 0 Ant on ije vic D (1986) Bolesti soje na pudru~ju SR Srbije u 1985 godini Zbornik radova sa savetovanja o unaprcdeliu proizvodlie soje suncokrcta i uljane rep ice (Armdelovac 1986)

Vi d i c M Jas n i c S (1994) Phmrwpsis vrste na soji u Jugoslav~ji Zbomik rezimeu sulr~ecgjugoslovensKog kongresa o zliititi bilja

W a II en VR and Cuddy TF (1960) Rellltion of seed- borne DiuJJorthe plwseolorum lo the germination of soybeans Proceedings of the Association of Official Seed analaysts Nonh America 50 137-140

(himljeno 17021995)

THE PATHOGENICETY OF PHOMOPSISSOJAE ANU PHOMOPSJS LONGCOLA ISOLATES ON SOYBEAN

by

M Vldic S Jasnic and J Miladinovic Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad

Summary

On the basis of soybean seeds and plant artificial inoculations the pathogenicety degree of four Phomopsis longiltola Hobbs isolates (Pl P2 P3 and PS) and two Phomopsis mjae Lehman isolates~P4 and P6) were inve~igated

Significant differences in virulence were determined between isolates of the same species as well as between isolates ofdifferent fungus species The differences in virulen~e between P sojae isolates were very strongly expressed while the differences in virulence between P Longicola isolates were weaker

However comparing the mean values of pathological index it can be concluded that P longicola was more virulent than P sojae The first one was more severe on inoculated soybem seeds than the second one although the both fungi infected soybean seeds

Between symptoms caused by two studied fungi from the genus Phomopsis on soybean seeds seedlings and plants no differences were noticed

------------------214 Zastita bilju Vol 46 ()) 2Jl207middot2 14 ( 1995) lleogmd

CONTRI BUTION TO THE STUD Y OF PHYTO PHTHO RA NICOTANIIE VAR NJCOTIANAE PARASITE OF TOBACCO

by

T Trajcevski Jn~rimte ofAgriculture Skoplje

M TuSic Faculty of Agriculture Bevgr~IJ middot Zcmun

S ummar y

Performed research and obtained results showed that investigated tobacco diselt~se is caused by plant pathogenic fungus Phytophthora nicotianae (Breda de Haan) Tucker var niwtianae Waterhouse

The symptoms were typical for black shank of tobacco On the basal part of the stem blmk necros is appeared followed by yellowing wilting necrosis and curling of lower leaves necrosis was also present on the roots of infected tob acco plants Infecled plants dwarfed 1md died prematurely

P nicotianae var nicotianae was isolated from disea~ed tobacco plants The most propershyties of the studied isolates correspond to those of P nicoriaiUle var nicotianae The mycelium is coenocytic 53-87 mi~rometers in diameter rmely forming swellings Older parts ofmycelium are often granular Conidia are pearshaped oval or eliptic with papila and in size of253-684 x 196-459 micrometers Chlamidospores were also typical for P nicotianae var nicotianae with diameter 206 to 421 micrometers and forming in groups Investigated isolates did not form oogonia und antheridia neither oosporcs

Inoculation of the top of wounded plants was more successful than inoculation of wounded lower part of stem Inoculation was also rather efficient by immersion of root of seedlings into inoculum before transplantation or transplants in the soil in which inoculum has been added Some infections were also achieved by spraying tobacco plants with inoculum Adding inoculum over soil surface further than I em from plants was the least successful

Younger tobacco plants showed to be more susceptible than older ones In a comp arative studies tobacco cv Virdzinija was more susceptible than cvs Dzebel Jaka Otlja and Prilep

Isolate NS which was isolated from diseased lobacco plants sampled at Novo Selo near Strumica was more aggresive than isolate P which was isolated from diseased tobacco plants sampled in the vicinity of Prilep

220 Za~lita bilj~ Vol 46 (3) 21121 5-220 (1 995) Beograd

BACTERIAL SPOT OF PEPPER T RANSPLANTS

by

A Obradovic1bull M Arsenijevic2 M Mijatovic1 N Marinkovic 1

1 ~ntcr for Vegetable Crops Smed Palanlca 2Faculty ofAgriculture Novi Sad

Summar y

Several bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased pepper trmsplams showing ntnotic leaf spot and blight symptoms Among them three strains (Pap-6 Pap-7 Pap-1 0) were investi gated more detailed

Investigated strains showed high level ofpathogenicity to artificially inoculated test plams and truits Inoculated pepper transplants expressed the necrotic spot symptoms similar to those in natural infection They were very aggressive to the pepper tomato lemon and chery fruits causing severe necrosis

Bacterial cells of our pepper strains are gram-negative and rod-shaped On NA they form round shiny creamy white colonies They produce green fluorescent pigment on Kings mcdiu m B According to LOPAT tests they form levan-type colonies on media contai ning 5 of sucrose (NAS) and induce hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco They do not produce oxidase protopectinase and arginine-dihydrolase

The bacteriological characteristics indicate that investigated strains bel(lng to the same bacterium identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae van Hall

227 ZL~t ita bilja Vol 46 () 2 1322 -227 ( 1995) Beogrlttd

C he I k ow ski J (1989) ln Fuvarium Mycotoxins taxonomy and palhgtgcnicity AmstcnJam Nithcrlamls El~cvicr Science Publishe rs 5l-62

C he k o ws k i J C i ernie w~ k a A w k u I i n~ k i W ( 1990) Myc11toxin in cereal grain Hi~wchemical cxaimination of Fusarium dbullunaged wheat kernels Naluung 34 (4) 357-361 (Polmd)

Chr i s 1 e ns en JJ bull Wi Icox on RD ( 1966) Stalk rot of conr Americ Phytopmh Soc MooH)graph No3

Coo k B M F a tl a rd JTF ( 1973 lgttvelopmem L-sessm~nt md seed trmsmission ofSrptoricwodnrum Trans Br mycol Soc 54 395-404

H cad ri ck 1M P a 1 a k y JK (1990 Maternal influence on the resistance 1gtf sweet corn li ne~ t1 kernel infcctinn by F moniliformtt Phytopathology 81 (3) 268-274 (US A)

I o vic c vi c B ( 1972) rffect of Fr1rurium l(tc~minearum Schw on biologicul and technological pr1gtpenics of wheal Zt~tita bilja 121 305-308

1o vic c vic ~ M i l use vic M (I 990) flolesti serncna Dnevnik Novi Sad

Mar i c A M ar kovic l Dr~ g i c P ( 1968) Epifitoticna pojavu ple~nivosti kJ ipa kukunnatok1gtm J 968 gltlltline i uticaj agrotehnickih mem na inten~itct zaraze Zastitu bilja 103 202-210

N ce g a rltl P (1983) Seed Pathology The M~cMillan Press LTD

N e Jso n PE bull To us sou n TA Mar as as WFO ( 1983) Furarium Specie~ An lllustr1ted Manual for Identification The Pennsylvania State University Press Unive rsity Park L1gtndon

Pi do pI i ~ k o N M (1977) Gribi parazi1i kulturnih rJstenij Opredilitelj Tom 2 Gribi nesover-Xenije Nauka Dumka Kicv

Sen a pat i A K N a rain A (1990) A n01e on seed borne diseases 1gtf wheat in Orissa Oris Journal of Agricultuntl Research 3 (I) 78

S n i j d e r s C HA Perkowski J ( 1990) Effects of head blight caused by Fu~uriZJm lt11momm on toxin tontent and wig ht ofw heat kernels Phytopath)ogy 80 (6) 566-570 Nctherlund

Tempe J de (1963) The blotter method for seed health testing Proc Int Seed Test Assoc 29 I ~7-116

Teich AH (1989) Epidemiolgtgy of corn (Zea mays L) car rot caused by Fusarium tpp In Fusarium mycowxin~ taxonomy IUld pathogenicity (edit Chelkowski Amsterdam Netherland E lsevier Science Publishergt B V 3 1 9-~28

(Prim~jeow 151 1995)

MYCOFLORA OF WHEAT BARLEY AND CORN SEEDS

by

Mirjaoa Milosectevlf B Konstantlnovic and Marija Zlokolica Scientific l nstilllte ofField and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad

MDragaoic Institute for Plunt Protection and Environment Bdgmde

Summary

Approximately lOOO samples of wheat 100 samples of barely and 600 sampl es of corn seeds were tested for fungi presence Filter paper method was used for development of genera to which fungi belonged and nutritive PDA medium for growth and identification of their species

According to the obtained results 21 fungal species from wheat and barley seed~ and 34 from com seeds were isolated Fungi belonging to Fusarium genus dominated on wheat and corn seed and those belonging to Helmintlwsporium genus dominated on barley seed (Tab 1-3 Fig 1-2) So-called storage fungi belonging to Penicillium 1spergillus lhizopus regd Mucor genera were also presem on seeds of all three plant species

196 Zu~titu bilju Vol 46 (3 ) 21 ~ 189middot196 ( 1995) Beogmd

T ho1ns on SV Hi ld cbrud DC Sc hruth MN (1981) ldenlificaJion aad oolriliotlll dilkm~tiltion of~Elwiniulugubeet plllbogen (rommcmhc11 ofErwilliammtANOraand E rhrywmthemi Pbytopatholshyogy71 1037-1042

T such i y a K Mats u yam u N Wakim o 1o S (1983) Studie~ on the Relationship Between Virulence and B~~etcriological Propertie~ in E1winit1 camttJVIIru subtp cumtrmnu JFacAgr Kyushu Univ 27 197-207

(Primljetu1 JOOJ995j

BACfERIAL SOFf ROT OF CABBAGE SEED PLANTS

by

M Anelljjnie1gt A OllndoyenitZ) aad PMU~oY~f1gt 1Faculty ofAsricui1Um Novi Sad

2lnlltitute fnr Agricultural RaealdISedlia Beocrod - Center for Vegetllblcs Smcdcrcvska Pulunlw

Summary

In the spring of 1993 a soft rot of individual seed cabbage plants was noticedin a field near No vi Sacl Several bacterial strains were isolarecl from the diseased cabbage tiS$Ue Three of them (Ku-60 Ku-61 Ku-62) were studied in detail The investigated strains expressed the following common characteristics

- High level of pathogenicity causing hypersensitive reaction of tobacco leaves wilting and stem rot ofcabbage transplants aruJ soft rot ofpotato slices tomato and pepper fruits

~ Colonies on nutrient medium are round convex shiny and white-cream ~ Bacterial cells are Gram-negative aspomgenous rodshaped with peritrichous flagellashy

tion -lnveomgated strains do not produce green fluorescent pigment an Kings medium B grow

at 37C and also in presence of S NaCI oxidase lecithinase and phosphatase are negative but catalase positive acid production from lactose and trehalose is positive but not from dulcitol and a-methyl glucoside indole production and reducing substances from sucrose are negative

Acconting to these results itcould be concluded chat all strains investigated belong to the balterium Erwinia carotoi)OTQ Bllbsp carolOI)OM (Jones) Bergey et al 1923

205 Zatita bilja Vol 46 (3) 213197-205 (1995) Beograd

M c G e c DC (1986) Prediction of PhomtiMit seetl decay by measuring soybean pod infection Plant Di~ 70 32middot3~3

Peterson JL and Strelecki RF (1965) The efect of variltlllts of Diaponhe phuseolorum on soybean gemlination and grouth in New Jency Plunt Diseases Reporter 49 22R-229

R u pe and Ferriss RS ( 19K7) A model for predicting the effects os microclillUite on infection ofsoybean by Phomt1psis ltmgitmiddotolu Phytopathology 77 1162-1166

Sinclair JB ami Backman PA (1989) Compendium of soybean diseases The AmeriCM Phytpathogicu Society (third Edition)

Thorns o n PR Jeffers DL and Schmitt hen ner AF (1988) Phtlmoptit seed infection and nutrient acumulation in pods ofsoybean with reduced fruit loads Agcon l 80 55-59

To sic M Panic M S toj a nov i c 0 Ant on ije vic D (1986) Bolesti soje na pudru~ju SR Srbije u 1985 godini Zbornik radova sa savetovanja o unaprcdeliu proizvodlie soje suncokrcta i uljane rep ice (Armdelovac 1986)

Vi d i c M Jas n i c S (1994) Phmrwpsis vrste na soji u Jugoslav~ji Zbomik rezimeu sulr~ecgjugoslovensKog kongresa o zliititi bilja

W a II en VR and Cuddy TF (1960) Rellltion of seed- borne DiuJJorthe plwseolorum lo the germination of soybeans Proceedings of the Association of Official Seed analaysts Nonh America 50 137-140

(himljeno 17021995)

THE PATHOGENICETY OF PHOMOPSISSOJAE ANU PHOMOPSJS LONGCOLA ISOLATES ON SOYBEAN

by

M Vldic S Jasnic and J Miladinovic Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad

Summary

On the basis of soybean seeds and plant artificial inoculations the pathogenicety degree of four Phomopsis longiltola Hobbs isolates (Pl P2 P3 and PS) and two Phomopsis mjae Lehman isolates~P4 and P6) were inve~igated

Significant differences in virulence were determined between isolates of the same species as well as between isolates ofdifferent fungus species The differences in virulen~e between P sojae isolates were very strongly expressed while the differences in virulence between P Longicola isolates were weaker

However comparing the mean values of pathological index it can be concluded that P longicola was more virulent than P sojae The first one was more severe on inoculated soybem seeds than the second one although the both fungi infected soybean seeds

Between symptoms caused by two studied fungi from the genus Phomopsis on soybean seeds seedlings and plants no differences were noticed

------------------214 Zastita bilju Vol 46 ()) 2Jl207middot2 14 ( 1995) lleogmd

CONTRI BUTION TO THE STUD Y OF PHYTO PHTHO RA NICOTANIIE VAR NJCOTIANAE PARASITE OF TOBACCO

by

T Trajcevski Jn~rimte ofAgriculture Skoplje

M TuSic Faculty of Agriculture Bevgr~IJ middot Zcmun

S ummar y

Performed research and obtained results showed that investigated tobacco diselt~se is caused by plant pathogenic fungus Phytophthora nicotianae (Breda de Haan) Tucker var niwtianae Waterhouse

The symptoms were typical for black shank of tobacco On the basal part of the stem blmk necros is appeared followed by yellowing wilting necrosis and curling of lower leaves necrosis was also present on the roots of infected tob acco plants Infecled plants dwarfed 1md died prematurely

P nicotianae var nicotianae was isolated from disea~ed tobacco plants The most propershyties of the studied isolates correspond to those of P nicoriaiUle var nicotianae The mycelium is coenocytic 53-87 mi~rometers in diameter rmely forming swellings Older parts ofmycelium are often granular Conidia are pearshaped oval or eliptic with papila and in size of253-684 x 196-459 micrometers Chlamidospores were also typical for P nicotianae var nicotianae with diameter 206 to 421 micrometers and forming in groups Investigated isolates did not form oogonia und antheridia neither oosporcs

Inoculation of the top of wounded plants was more successful than inoculation of wounded lower part of stem Inoculation was also rather efficient by immersion of root of seedlings into inoculum before transplantation or transplants in the soil in which inoculum has been added Some infections were also achieved by spraying tobacco plants with inoculum Adding inoculum over soil surface further than I em from plants was the least successful

Younger tobacco plants showed to be more susceptible than older ones In a comp arative studies tobacco cv Virdzinija was more susceptible than cvs Dzebel Jaka Otlja and Prilep

Isolate NS which was isolated from diseased lobacco plants sampled at Novo Selo near Strumica was more aggresive than isolate P which was isolated from diseased tobacco plants sampled in the vicinity of Prilep

220 Za~lita bilj~ Vol 46 (3) 21121 5-220 (1 995) Beograd

BACTERIAL SPOT OF PEPPER T RANSPLANTS

by

A Obradovic1bull M Arsenijevic2 M Mijatovic1 N Marinkovic 1

1 ~ntcr for Vegetable Crops Smed Palanlca 2Faculty ofAgriculture Novi Sad

Summar y

Several bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased pepper trmsplams showing ntnotic leaf spot and blight symptoms Among them three strains (Pap-6 Pap-7 Pap-1 0) were investi gated more detailed

Investigated strains showed high level ofpathogenicity to artificially inoculated test plams and truits Inoculated pepper transplants expressed the necrotic spot symptoms similar to those in natural infection They were very aggressive to the pepper tomato lemon and chery fruits causing severe necrosis

Bacterial cells of our pepper strains are gram-negative and rod-shaped On NA they form round shiny creamy white colonies They produce green fluorescent pigment on Kings mcdiu m B According to LOPAT tests they form levan-type colonies on media contai ning 5 of sucrose (NAS) and induce hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco They do not produce oxidase protopectinase and arginine-dihydrolase

The bacteriological characteristics indicate that investigated strains bel(lng to the same bacterium identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae van Hall

227 ZL~t ita bilja Vol 46 () 2 1322 -227 ( 1995) Beogrlttd

C he I k ow ski J (1989) ln Fuvarium Mycotoxins taxonomy and palhgtgcnicity AmstcnJam Nithcrlamls El~cvicr Science Publishe rs 5l-62

C he k o ws k i J C i ernie w~ k a A w k u I i n~ k i W ( 1990) Myc11toxin in cereal grain Hi~wchemical cxaimination of Fusarium dbullunaged wheat kernels Naluung 34 (4) 357-361 (Polmd)

Chr i s 1 e ns en JJ bull Wi Icox on RD ( 1966) Stalk rot of conr Americ Phytopmh Soc MooH)graph No3

Coo k B M F a tl a rd JTF ( 1973 lgttvelopmem L-sessm~nt md seed trmsmission ofSrptoricwodnrum Trans Br mycol Soc 54 395-404

H cad ri ck 1M P a 1 a k y JK (1990 Maternal influence on the resistance 1gtf sweet corn li ne~ t1 kernel infcctinn by F moniliformtt Phytopathology 81 (3) 268-274 (US A)

I o vic c vi c B ( 1972) rffect of Fr1rurium l(tc~minearum Schw on biologicul and technological pr1gtpenics of wheal Zt~tita bilja 121 305-308

1o vic c vic ~ M i l use vic M (I 990) flolesti serncna Dnevnik Novi Sad

Mar i c A M ar kovic l Dr~ g i c P ( 1968) Epifitoticna pojavu ple~nivosti kJ ipa kukunnatok1gtm J 968 gltlltline i uticaj agrotehnickih mem na inten~itct zaraze Zastitu bilja 103 202-210

N ce g a rltl P (1983) Seed Pathology The M~cMillan Press LTD

N e Jso n PE bull To us sou n TA Mar as as WFO ( 1983) Furarium Specie~ An lllustr1ted Manual for Identification The Pennsylvania State University Press Unive rsity Park L1gtndon

Pi do pI i ~ k o N M (1977) Gribi parazi1i kulturnih rJstenij Opredilitelj Tom 2 Gribi nesover-Xenije Nauka Dumka Kicv

Sen a pat i A K N a rain A (1990) A n01e on seed borne diseases 1gtf wheat in Orissa Oris Journal of Agricultuntl Research 3 (I) 78

S n i j d e r s C HA Perkowski J ( 1990) Effects of head blight caused by Fu~uriZJm lt11momm on toxin tontent and wig ht ofw heat kernels Phytopath)ogy 80 (6) 566-570 Nctherlund

Tempe J de (1963) The blotter method for seed health testing Proc Int Seed Test Assoc 29 I ~7-116

Teich AH (1989) Epidemiolgtgy of corn (Zea mays L) car rot caused by Fusarium tpp In Fusarium mycowxin~ taxonomy IUld pathogenicity (edit Chelkowski Amsterdam Netherland E lsevier Science Publishergt B V 3 1 9-~28

(Prim~jeow 151 1995)

MYCOFLORA OF WHEAT BARLEY AND CORN SEEDS

by

Mirjaoa Milosectevlf B Konstantlnovic and Marija Zlokolica Scientific l nstilllte ofField and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad

MDragaoic Institute for Plunt Protection and Environment Bdgmde

Summary

Approximately lOOO samples of wheat 100 samples of barely and 600 sampl es of corn seeds were tested for fungi presence Filter paper method was used for development of genera to which fungi belonged and nutritive PDA medium for growth and identification of their species

According to the obtained results 21 fungal species from wheat and barley seed~ and 34 from com seeds were isolated Fungi belonging to Fusarium genus dominated on wheat and corn seed and those belonging to Helmintlwsporium genus dominated on barley seed (Tab 1-3 Fig 1-2) So-called storage fungi belonging to Penicillium 1spergillus lhizopus regd Mucor genera were also presem on seeds of all three plant species

205 Zatita bilja Vol 46 (3) 213197-205 (1995) Beograd

M c G e c DC (1986) Prediction of PhomtiMit seetl decay by measuring soybean pod infection Plant Di~ 70 32middot3~3

Peterson JL and Strelecki RF (1965) The efect of variltlllts of Diaponhe phuseolorum on soybean gemlination and grouth in New Jency Plunt Diseases Reporter 49 22R-229

R u pe and Ferriss RS ( 19K7) A model for predicting the effects os microclillUite on infection ofsoybean by Phomt1psis ltmgitmiddotolu Phytopathology 77 1162-1166

Sinclair JB ami Backman PA (1989) Compendium of soybean diseases The AmeriCM Phytpathogicu Society (third Edition)

Thorns o n PR Jeffers DL and Schmitt hen ner AF (1988) Phtlmoptit seed infection and nutrient acumulation in pods ofsoybean with reduced fruit loads Agcon l 80 55-59

To sic M Panic M S toj a nov i c 0 Ant on ije vic D (1986) Bolesti soje na pudru~ju SR Srbije u 1985 godini Zbornik radova sa savetovanja o unaprcdeliu proizvodlie soje suncokrcta i uljane rep ice (Armdelovac 1986)

Vi d i c M Jas n i c S (1994) Phmrwpsis vrste na soji u Jugoslav~ji Zbomik rezimeu sulr~ecgjugoslovensKog kongresa o zliititi bilja

W a II en VR and Cuddy TF (1960) Rellltion of seed- borne DiuJJorthe plwseolorum lo the germination of soybeans Proceedings of the Association of Official Seed analaysts Nonh America 50 137-140

(himljeno 17021995)

THE PATHOGENICETY OF PHOMOPSISSOJAE ANU PHOMOPSJS LONGCOLA ISOLATES ON SOYBEAN

by

M Vldic S Jasnic and J Miladinovic Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad

Summary

On the basis of soybean seeds and plant artificial inoculations the pathogenicety degree of four Phomopsis longiltola Hobbs isolates (Pl P2 P3 and PS) and two Phomopsis mjae Lehman isolates~P4 and P6) were inve~igated

Significant differences in virulence were determined between isolates of the same species as well as between isolates ofdifferent fungus species The differences in virulen~e between P sojae isolates were very strongly expressed while the differences in virulence between P Longicola isolates were weaker

However comparing the mean values of pathological index it can be concluded that P longicola was more virulent than P sojae The first one was more severe on inoculated soybem seeds than the second one although the both fungi infected soybean seeds

Between symptoms caused by two studied fungi from the genus Phomopsis on soybean seeds seedlings and plants no differences were noticed

------------------214 Zastita bilju Vol 46 ()) 2Jl207middot2 14 ( 1995) lleogmd

CONTRI BUTION TO THE STUD Y OF PHYTO PHTHO RA NICOTANIIE VAR NJCOTIANAE PARASITE OF TOBACCO

by

T Trajcevski Jn~rimte ofAgriculture Skoplje

M TuSic Faculty of Agriculture Bevgr~IJ middot Zcmun

S ummar y

Performed research and obtained results showed that investigated tobacco diselt~se is caused by plant pathogenic fungus Phytophthora nicotianae (Breda de Haan) Tucker var niwtianae Waterhouse

The symptoms were typical for black shank of tobacco On the basal part of the stem blmk necros is appeared followed by yellowing wilting necrosis and curling of lower leaves necrosis was also present on the roots of infected tob acco plants Infecled plants dwarfed 1md died prematurely

P nicotianae var nicotianae was isolated from disea~ed tobacco plants The most propershyties of the studied isolates correspond to those of P nicoriaiUle var nicotianae The mycelium is coenocytic 53-87 mi~rometers in diameter rmely forming swellings Older parts ofmycelium are often granular Conidia are pearshaped oval or eliptic with papila and in size of253-684 x 196-459 micrometers Chlamidospores were also typical for P nicotianae var nicotianae with diameter 206 to 421 micrometers and forming in groups Investigated isolates did not form oogonia und antheridia neither oosporcs

Inoculation of the top of wounded plants was more successful than inoculation of wounded lower part of stem Inoculation was also rather efficient by immersion of root of seedlings into inoculum before transplantation or transplants in the soil in which inoculum has been added Some infections were also achieved by spraying tobacco plants with inoculum Adding inoculum over soil surface further than I em from plants was the least successful

Younger tobacco plants showed to be more susceptible than older ones In a comp arative studies tobacco cv Virdzinija was more susceptible than cvs Dzebel Jaka Otlja and Prilep

Isolate NS which was isolated from diseased lobacco plants sampled at Novo Selo near Strumica was more aggresive than isolate P which was isolated from diseased tobacco plants sampled in the vicinity of Prilep

220 Za~lita bilj~ Vol 46 (3) 21121 5-220 (1 995) Beograd

BACTERIAL SPOT OF PEPPER T RANSPLANTS

by

A Obradovic1bull M Arsenijevic2 M Mijatovic1 N Marinkovic 1

1 ~ntcr for Vegetable Crops Smed Palanlca 2Faculty ofAgriculture Novi Sad

Summar y

Several bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased pepper trmsplams showing ntnotic leaf spot and blight symptoms Among them three strains (Pap-6 Pap-7 Pap-1 0) were investi gated more detailed

Investigated strains showed high level ofpathogenicity to artificially inoculated test plams and truits Inoculated pepper transplants expressed the necrotic spot symptoms similar to those in natural infection They were very aggressive to the pepper tomato lemon and chery fruits causing severe necrosis

Bacterial cells of our pepper strains are gram-negative and rod-shaped On NA they form round shiny creamy white colonies They produce green fluorescent pigment on Kings mcdiu m B According to LOPAT tests they form levan-type colonies on media contai ning 5 of sucrose (NAS) and induce hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco They do not produce oxidase protopectinase and arginine-dihydrolase

The bacteriological characteristics indicate that investigated strains bel(lng to the same bacterium identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae van Hall

227 ZL~t ita bilja Vol 46 () 2 1322 -227 ( 1995) Beogrlttd

C he I k ow ski J (1989) ln Fuvarium Mycotoxins taxonomy and palhgtgcnicity AmstcnJam Nithcrlamls El~cvicr Science Publishe rs 5l-62

C he k o ws k i J C i ernie w~ k a A w k u I i n~ k i W ( 1990) Myc11toxin in cereal grain Hi~wchemical cxaimination of Fusarium dbullunaged wheat kernels Naluung 34 (4) 357-361 (Polmd)

Chr i s 1 e ns en JJ bull Wi Icox on RD ( 1966) Stalk rot of conr Americ Phytopmh Soc MooH)graph No3

Coo k B M F a tl a rd JTF ( 1973 lgttvelopmem L-sessm~nt md seed trmsmission ofSrptoricwodnrum Trans Br mycol Soc 54 395-404

H cad ri ck 1M P a 1 a k y JK (1990 Maternal influence on the resistance 1gtf sweet corn li ne~ t1 kernel infcctinn by F moniliformtt Phytopathology 81 (3) 268-274 (US A)

I o vic c vi c B ( 1972) rffect of Fr1rurium l(tc~minearum Schw on biologicul and technological pr1gtpenics of wheal Zt~tita bilja 121 305-308

1o vic c vic ~ M i l use vic M (I 990) flolesti serncna Dnevnik Novi Sad

Mar i c A M ar kovic l Dr~ g i c P ( 1968) Epifitoticna pojavu ple~nivosti kJ ipa kukunnatok1gtm J 968 gltlltline i uticaj agrotehnickih mem na inten~itct zaraze Zastitu bilja 103 202-210

N ce g a rltl P (1983) Seed Pathology The M~cMillan Press LTD

N e Jso n PE bull To us sou n TA Mar as as WFO ( 1983) Furarium Specie~ An lllustr1ted Manual for Identification The Pennsylvania State University Press Unive rsity Park L1gtndon

Pi do pI i ~ k o N M (1977) Gribi parazi1i kulturnih rJstenij Opredilitelj Tom 2 Gribi nesover-Xenije Nauka Dumka Kicv

Sen a pat i A K N a rain A (1990) A n01e on seed borne diseases 1gtf wheat in Orissa Oris Journal of Agricultuntl Research 3 (I) 78

S n i j d e r s C HA Perkowski J ( 1990) Effects of head blight caused by Fu~uriZJm lt11momm on toxin tontent and wig ht ofw heat kernels Phytopath)ogy 80 (6) 566-570 Nctherlund

Tempe J de (1963) The blotter method for seed health testing Proc Int Seed Test Assoc 29 I ~7-116

Teich AH (1989) Epidemiolgtgy of corn (Zea mays L) car rot caused by Fusarium tpp In Fusarium mycowxin~ taxonomy IUld pathogenicity (edit Chelkowski Amsterdam Netherland E lsevier Science Publishergt B V 3 1 9-~28

(Prim~jeow 151 1995)

MYCOFLORA OF WHEAT BARLEY AND CORN SEEDS

by

Mirjaoa Milosectevlf B Konstantlnovic and Marija Zlokolica Scientific l nstilllte ofField and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad

MDragaoic Institute for Plunt Protection and Environment Bdgmde

Summary

Approximately lOOO samples of wheat 100 samples of barely and 600 sampl es of corn seeds were tested for fungi presence Filter paper method was used for development of genera to which fungi belonged and nutritive PDA medium for growth and identification of their species

According to the obtained results 21 fungal species from wheat and barley seed~ and 34 from com seeds were isolated Fungi belonging to Fusarium genus dominated on wheat and corn seed and those belonging to Helmintlwsporium genus dominated on barley seed (Tab 1-3 Fig 1-2) So-called storage fungi belonging to Penicillium 1spergillus lhizopus regd Mucor genera were also presem on seeds of all three plant species

------------------214 Zastita bilju Vol 46 ()) 2Jl207middot2 14 ( 1995) lleogmd

CONTRI BUTION TO THE STUD Y OF PHYTO PHTHO RA NICOTANIIE VAR NJCOTIANAE PARASITE OF TOBACCO

by

T Trajcevski Jn~rimte ofAgriculture Skoplje

M TuSic Faculty of Agriculture Bevgr~IJ middot Zcmun

S ummar y

Performed research and obtained results showed that investigated tobacco diselt~se is caused by plant pathogenic fungus Phytophthora nicotianae (Breda de Haan) Tucker var niwtianae Waterhouse

The symptoms were typical for black shank of tobacco On the basal part of the stem blmk necros is appeared followed by yellowing wilting necrosis and curling of lower leaves necrosis was also present on the roots of infected tob acco plants Infecled plants dwarfed 1md died prematurely

P nicotianae var nicotianae was isolated from disea~ed tobacco plants The most propershyties of the studied isolates correspond to those of P nicoriaiUle var nicotianae The mycelium is coenocytic 53-87 mi~rometers in diameter rmely forming swellings Older parts ofmycelium are often granular Conidia are pearshaped oval or eliptic with papila and in size of253-684 x 196-459 micrometers Chlamidospores were also typical for P nicotianae var nicotianae with diameter 206 to 421 micrometers and forming in groups Investigated isolates did not form oogonia und antheridia neither oosporcs

Inoculation of the top of wounded plants was more successful than inoculation of wounded lower part of stem Inoculation was also rather efficient by immersion of root of seedlings into inoculum before transplantation or transplants in the soil in which inoculum has been added Some infections were also achieved by spraying tobacco plants with inoculum Adding inoculum over soil surface further than I em from plants was the least successful

Younger tobacco plants showed to be more susceptible than older ones In a comp arative studies tobacco cv Virdzinija was more susceptible than cvs Dzebel Jaka Otlja and Prilep

Isolate NS which was isolated from diseased lobacco plants sampled at Novo Selo near Strumica was more aggresive than isolate P which was isolated from diseased tobacco plants sampled in the vicinity of Prilep

220 Za~lita bilj~ Vol 46 (3) 21121 5-220 (1 995) Beograd

BACTERIAL SPOT OF PEPPER T RANSPLANTS

by

A Obradovic1bull M Arsenijevic2 M Mijatovic1 N Marinkovic 1

1 ~ntcr for Vegetable Crops Smed Palanlca 2Faculty ofAgriculture Novi Sad

Summar y

Several bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased pepper trmsplams showing ntnotic leaf spot and blight symptoms Among them three strains (Pap-6 Pap-7 Pap-1 0) were investi gated more detailed

Investigated strains showed high level ofpathogenicity to artificially inoculated test plams and truits Inoculated pepper transplants expressed the necrotic spot symptoms similar to those in natural infection They were very aggressive to the pepper tomato lemon and chery fruits causing severe necrosis

Bacterial cells of our pepper strains are gram-negative and rod-shaped On NA they form round shiny creamy white colonies They produce green fluorescent pigment on Kings mcdiu m B According to LOPAT tests they form levan-type colonies on media contai ning 5 of sucrose (NAS) and induce hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco They do not produce oxidase protopectinase and arginine-dihydrolase

The bacteriological characteristics indicate that investigated strains bel(lng to the same bacterium identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae van Hall

227 ZL~t ita bilja Vol 46 () 2 1322 -227 ( 1995) Beogrlttd

C he I k ow ski J (1989) ln Fuvarium Mycotoxins taxonomy and palhgtgcnicity AmstcnJam Nithcrlamls El~cvicr Science Publishe rs 5l-62

C he k o ws k i J C i ernie w~ k a A w k u I i n~ k i W ( 1990) Myc11toxin in cereal grain Hi~wchemical cxaimination of Fusarium dbullunaged wheat kernels Naluung 34 (4) 357-361 (Polmd)

Chr i s 1 e ns en JJ bull Wi Icox on RD ( 1966) Stalk rot of conr Americ Phytopmh Soc MooH)graph No3

Coo k B M F a tl a rd JTF ( 1973 lgttvelopmem L-sessm~nt md seed trmsmission ofSrptoricwodnrum Trans Br mycol Soc 54 395-404

H cad ri ck 1M P a 1 a k y JK (1990 Maternal influence on the resistance 1gtf sweet corn li ne~ t1 kernel infcctinn by F moniliformtt Phytopathology 81 (3) 268-274 (US A)

I o vic c vi c B ( 1972) rffect of Fr1rurium l(tc~minearum Schw on biologicul and technological pr1gtpenics of wheal Zt~tita bilja 121 305-308

1o vic c vic ~ M i l use vic M (I 990) flolesti serncna Dnevnik Novi Sad

Mar i c A M ar kovic l Dr~ g i c P ( 1968) Epifitoticna pojavu ple~nivosti kJ ipa kukunnatok1gtm J 968 gltlltline i uticaj agrotehnickih mem na inten~itct zaraze Zastitu bilja 103 202-210

N ce g a rltl P (1983) Seed Pathology The M~cMillan Press LTD

N e Jso n PE bull To us sou n TA Mar as as WFO ( 1983) Furarium Specie~ An lllustr1ted Manual for Identification The Pennsylvania State University Press Unive rsity Park L1gtndon

Pi do pI i ~ k o N M (1977) Gribi parazi1i kulturnih rJstenij Opredilitelj Tom 2 Gribi nesover-Xenije Nauka Dumka Kicv

Sen a pat i A K N a rain A (1990) A n01e on seed borne diseases 1gtf wheat in Orissa Oris Journal of Agricultuntl Research 3 (I) 78

S n i j d e r s C HA Perkowski J ( 1990) Effects of head blight caused by Fu~uriZJm lt11momm on toxin tontent and wig ht ofw heat kernels Phytopath)ogy 80 (6) 566-570 Nctherlund

Tempe J de (1963) The blotter method for seed health testing Proc Int Seed Test Assoc 29 I ~7-116

Teich AH (1989) Epidemiolgtgy of corn (Zea mays L) car rot caused by Fusarium tpp In Fusarium mycowxin~ taxonomy IUld pathogenicity (edit Chelkowski Amsterdam Netherland E lsevier Science Publishergt B V 3 1 9-~28

(Prim~jeow 151 1995)

MYCOFLORA OF WHEAT BARLEY AND CORN SEEDS

by

Mirjaoa Milosectevlf B Konstantlnovic and Marija Zlokolica Scientific l nstilllte ofField and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad

MDragaoic Institute for Plunt Protection and Environment Bdgmde

Summary

Approximately lOOO samples of wheat 100 samples of barely and 600 sampl es of corn seeds were tested for fungi presence Filter paper method was used for development of genera to which fungi belonged and nutritive PDA medium for growth and identification of their species

According to the obtained results 21 fungal species from wheat and barley seed~ and 34 from com seeds were isolated Fungi belonging to Fusarium genus dominated on wheat and corn seed and those belonging to Helmintlwsporium genus dominated on barley seed (Tab 1-3 Fig 1-2) So-called storage fungi belonging to Penicillium 1spergillus lhizopus regd Mucor genera were also presem on seeds of all three plant species

220 Za~lita bilj~ Vol 46 (3) 21121 5-220 (1 995) Beograd

BACTERIAL SPOT OF PEPPER T RANSPLANTS

by

A Obradovic1bull M Arsenijevic2 M Mijatovic1 N Marinkovic 1

1 ~ntcr for Vegetable Crops Smed Palanlca 2Faculty ofAgriculture Novi Sad

Summar y

Several bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased pepper trmsplams showing ntnotic leaf spot and blight symptoms Among them three strains (Pap-6 Pap-7 Pap-1 0) were investi gated more detailed

Investigated strains showed high level ofpathogenicity to artificially inoculated test plams and truits Inoculated pepper transplants expressed the necrotic spot symptoms similar to those in natural infection They were very aggressive to the pepper tomato lemon and chery fruits causing severe necrosis

Bacterial cells of our pepper strains are gram-negative and rod-shaped On NA they form round shiny creamy white colonies They produce green fluorescent pigment on Kings mcdiu m B According to LOPAT tests they form levan-type colonies on media contai ning 5 of sucrose (NAS) and induce hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco They do not produce oxidase protopectinase and arginine-dihydrolase

The bacteriological characteristics indicate that investigated strains bel(lng to the same bacterium identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae van Hall

227 ZL~t ita bilja Vol 46 () 2 1322 -227 ( 1995) Beogrlttd

C he I k ow ski J (1989) ln Fuvarium Mycotoxins taxonomy and palhgtgcnicity AmstcnJam Nithcrlamls El~cvicr Science Publishe rs 5l-62

C he k o ws k i J C i ernie w~ k a A w k u I i n~ k i W ( 1990) Myc11toxin in cereal grain Hi~wchemical cxaimination of Fusarium dbullunaged wheat kernels Naluung 34 (4) 357-361 (Polmd)

Chr i s 1 e ns en JJ bull Wi Icox on RD ( 1966) Stalk rot of conr Americ Phytopmh Soc MooH)graph No3

Coo k B M F a tl a rd JTF ( 1973 lgttvelopmem L-sessm~nt md seed trmsmission ofSrptoricwodnrum Trans Br mycol Soc 54 395-404

H cad ri ck 1M P a 1 a k y JK (1990 Maternal influence on the resistance 1gtf sweet corn li ne~ t1 kernel infcctinn by F moniliformtt Phytopathology 81 (3) 268-274 (US A)

I o vic c vi c B ( 1972) rffect of Fr1rurium l(tc~minearum Schw on biologicul and technological pr1gtpenics of wheal Zt~tita bilja 121 305-308

1o vic c vic ~ M i l use vic M (I 990) flolesti serncna Dnevnik Novi Sad

Mar i c A M ar kovic l Dr~ g i c P ( 1968) Epifitoticna pojavu ple~nivosti kJ ipa kukunnatok1gtm J 968 gltlltline i uticaj agrotehnickih mem na inten~itct zaraze Zastitu bilja 103 202-210

N ce g a rltl P (1983) Seed Pathology The M~cMillan Press LTD

N e Jso n PE bull To us sou n TA Mar as as WFO ( 1983) Furarium Specie~ An lllustr1ted Manual for Identification The Pennsylvania State University Press Unive rsity Park L1gtndon

Pi do pI i ~ k o N M (1977) Gribi parazi1i kulturnih rJstenij Opredilitelj Tom 2 Gribi nesover-Xenije Nauka Dumka Kicv

Sen a pat i A K N a rain A (1990) A n01e on seed borne diseases 1gtf wheat in Orissa Oris Journal of Agricultuntl Research 3 (I) 78

S n i j d e r s C HA Perkowski J ( 1990) Effects of head blight caused by Fu~uriZJm lt11momm on toxin tontent and wig ht ofw heat kernels Phytopath)ogy 80 (6) 566-570 Nctherlund

Tempe J de (1963) The blotter method for seed health testing Proc Int Seed Test Assoc 29 I ~7-116

Teich AH (1989) Epidemiolgtgy of corn (Zea mays L) car rot caused by Fusarium tpp In Fusarium mycowxin~ taxonomy IUld pathogenicity (edit Chelkowski Amsterdam Netherland E lsevier Science Publishergt B V 3 1 9-~28

(Prim~jeow 151 1995)

MYCOFLORA OF WHEAT BARLEY AND CORN SEEDS

by

Mirjaoa Milosectevlf B Konstantlnovic and Marija Zlokolica Scientific l nstilllte ofField and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad

MDragaoic Institute for Plunt Protection and Environment Bdgmde

Summary

Approximately lOOO samples of wheat 100 samples of barely and 600 sampl es of corn seeds were tested for fungi presence Filter paper method was used for development of genera to which fungi belonged and nutritive PDA medium for growth and identification of their species

According to the obtained results 21 fungal species from wheat and barley seed~ and 34 from com seeds were isolated Fungi belonging to Fusarium genus dominated on wheat and corn seed and those belonging to Helmintlwsporium genus dominated on barley seed (Tab 1-3 Fig 1-2) So-called storage fungi belonging to Penicillium 1spergillus lhizopus regd Mucor genera were also presem on seeds of all three plant species

227 ZL~t ita bilja Vol 46 () 2 1322 -227 ( 1995) Beogrlttd

C he I k ow ski J (1989) ln Fuvarium Mycotoxins taxonomy and palhgtgcnicity AmstcnJam Nithcrlamls El~cvicr Science Publishe rs 5l-62

C he k o ws k i J C i ernie w~ k a A w k u I i n~ k i W ( 1990) Myc11toxin in cereal grain Hi~wchemical cxaimination of Fusarium dbullunaged wheat kernels Naluung 34 (4) 357-361 (Polmd)

Chr i s 1 e ns en JJ bull Wi Icox on RD ( 1966) Stalk rot of conr Americ Phytopmh Soc MooH)graph No3

Coo k B M F a tl a rd JTF ( 1973 lgttvelopmem L-sessm~nt md seed trmsmission ofSrptoricwodnrum Trans Br mycol Soc 54 395-404

H cad ri ck 1M P a 1 a k y JK (1990 Maternal influence on the resistance 1gtf sweet corn li ne~ t1 kernel infcctinn by F moniliformtt Phytopathology 81 (3) 268-274 (US A)

I o vic c vi c B ( 1972) rffect of Fr1rurium l(tc~minearum Schw on biologicul and technological pr1gtpenics of wheal Zt~tita bilja 121 305-308

1o vic c vic ~ M i l use vic M (I 990) flolesti serncna Dnevnik Novi Sad

Mar i c A M ar kovic l Dr~ g i c P ( 1968) Epifitoticna pojavu ple~nivosti kJ ipa kukunnatok1gtm J 968 gltlltline i uticaj agrotehnickih mem na inten~itct zaraze Zastitu bilja 103 202-210

N ce g a rltl P (1983) Seed Pathology The M~cMillan Press LTD

N e Jso n PE bull To us sou n TA Mar as as WFO ( 1983) Furarium Specie~ An lllustr1ted Manual for Identification The Pennsylvania State University Press Unive rsity Park L1gtndon

Pi do pI i ~ k o N M (1977) Gribi parazi1i kulturnih rJstenij Opredilitelj Tom 2 Gribi nesover-Xenije Nauka Dumka Kicv

Sen a pat i A K N a rain A (1990) A n01e on seed borne diseases 1gtf wheat in Orissa Oris Journal of Agricultuntl Research 3 (I) 78

S n i j d e r s C HA Perkowski J ( 1990) Effects of head blight caused by Fu~uriZJm lt11momm on toxin tontent and wig ht ofw heat kernels Phytopath)ogy 80 (6) 566-570 Nctherlund

Tempe J de (1963) The blotter method for seed health testing Proc Int Seed Test Assoc 29 I ~7-116

Teich AH (1989) Epidemiolgtgy of corn (Zea mays L) car rot caused by Fusarium tpp In Fusarium mycowxin~ taxonomy IUld pathogenicity (edit Chelkowski Amsterdam Netherland E lsevier Science Publishergt B V 3 1 9-~28

(Prim~jeow 151 1995)

MYCOFLORA OF WHEAT BARLEY AND CORN SEEDS

by

Mirjaoa Milosectevlf B Konstantlnovic and Marija Zlokolica Scientific l nstilllte ofField and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad

MDragaoic Institute for Plunt Protection and Environment Bdgmde

Summary

Approximately lOOO samples of wheat 100 samples of barely and 600 sampl es of corn seeds were tested for fungi presence Filter paper method was used for development of genera to which fungi belonged and nutritive PDA medium for growth and identification of their species

According to the obtained results 21 fungal species from wheat and barley seed~ and 34 from com seeds were isolated Fungi belonging to Fusarium genus dominated on wheat and corn seed and those belonging to Helmintlwsporium genus dominated on barley seed (Tab 1-3 Fig 1-2) So-called storage fungi belonging to Penicillium 1spergillus lhizopus regd Mucor genera were also presem on seeds of all three plant species