Using Watson for Building Intelligent Applications in E-learning Mathieu d’Aquin The Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University [email protected]

Using Watson for Building Intelligent Applications in E-learning

Mathieu d’AquinThe Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University

[email protected]

Using Watson for Building Next Generation Semantic Web Applications

The Semantic Web

A large scale, heterogenous collection of formal, machine processable, ontology-based statements (semantic metadata) about web resources and other entities in the world, expressed in a XML-based syntax

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#SW Pages

Lee, J., Goodwin, R. (2004) The Semantic Webscape: a View of the Semantic Web. IBM Research Report.

Ontologies

Metadata

<rdf:RDF><channel rdf:about=“http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/blog”><title>Elementaries - The Watson Blog</title><link>http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk:8080/blog/</link><description>"Oh dear! Where the Semantic Web is going to go now?" -- imaginary user 23</description><language>en</language><copyright>Watson team</copyright><lastBuildDate>Thu, 01 Mar 2007 13:49:52 GMT</lastBuildDate><generator>Pebble (http://pebble.sourceforge.net)</generator><docs>http://backend.userland.com/rss</docs>…

<rdf:RDF><channel rdf:about=“http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/blog”><title>Elementaries - The Watson Blog</title><link>http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk:8080/blog/</link><description>"Oh dear! Where the Semantic Web is going to go now?" -- imaginary user 23</description><language>en</language><copyright>Watson team</copyright><lastBuildDate>Thu, 01 Mar 2007 13:49:52 GMT</lastBuildDate><generator>Pebble (http://pebble.sourceforge.net)</generator><docs>http://backend.userland.com/rss</docs>…

<rdf:RDF> <foaf:Image rdf:about='http://static.flickr.com/132/400582453_e1e1f8602c.jpg'> <dc:title>Zen wisteria</dc:title> <dc:description></dc:description> <foaf:page rdf:resource='http://www.flickr.com/photos/xcv/400582453/'/> <foaf:topic rdf:resource='http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/vittelgarden/'/> <foaf:topic rdf:resource='http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/wisteria/'/> <dc:creator> <foaf:Person><foaf:name>Mathieu d'Aquin</foaf:name> …

<rdf:RDF> <foaf:Image rdf:about='http://static.flickr.com/132/400582453_e1e1f8602c.jpg'> <dc:title>Zen wisteria</dc:title> <dc:description></dc:description> <foaf:page rdf:resource='http://www.flickr.com/photos/xcv/400582453/'/> <foaf:topic rdf:resource='http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/vittelgarden/'/> <foaf:topic rdf:resource='http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/wisteria/'/> <dc:creator> <foaf:Person><foaf:name>Mathieu d'Aquin</foaf:name> …

<rdf:RDF> <owl:Ontology rdf:about=""> <owl:imports rdf:resource="http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#"/> </owl:Ontology> <j.1:Organization rdf:ID="KMi"> <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" >The Knoledge Media Institute of the Open University, Milton Keynes UK</rdfs:comment> </j.1:Organization> <j.1:Document rdf:ID="KMiWebSite"> …

<rdf:RDF> <owl:Ontology rdf:about=""> <owl:imports rdf:resource="http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#"/> </owl:Ontology> <j.1:Organization rdf:ID="KMi"> <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" >The Knoledge Media Institute of the Open University, Milton Keynes UK</rdfs:comment> </j.1:Organization> <j.1:Document rdf:ID="KMiWebSite"> …

DOAP

FOAFDC

RSS TAPWORDNET

NCI GalenMusic

…

…… …

…

…

UoD

Next Generation Semantic Web Applications

Next Generation Semantic Web Applications

NG SW Application

• Able to exploit the SW at large – Dynamically retrieving the relevant semantic resources – Combining several, heterogeneous Ontologies– …

• Need tools to efficiently access the knowledge available on the SW: a Gateway…

Watson: a Gateway to the Semantic Web

Design Principles

Focused on Knowledge Qualities– Provided quality information about the collected ontologies and semantic data

A Variety of query and access mechanisms– To fit applications having different purposes and requirements– Ranging from Keyword search to ontology exploration and formal queries (SPARQL)

Support for relations between ontologies– Detecting redundancy, duplication, incompatibility (contradiction), modularization, versioning, etc.

Architecture

Keyword Search

SPARQLQuery

Crawling Parsing(Jena)

Validation/Analysis

Indexing

RepositoryURLs Metadata Indexes

populates populates populates populatesusedextractedretrieved

OntologyExploration

queries queriesqueriesqueries queries

request

WWW

discovered

Collecting Analyzing

Querying

Interfaces

• Human: AJAX based Web interface for Keyword Search, Ontology Exploration and SPARQL Queries

• Programs: Web services and API for accessing the content and features of Watson

Interfaces: WUI

Web User Interface: http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/WatsonWUI

Interface: Web services and API

• Provide the same features as the Web interface, and more…

Example (demo)applications built

using the Watson API

Example (demo)applications built

using the Watson API

What can the Semantic Web do for e-Learning?

Providing machine processable knowledge and data!


• Watson has collected tens of thousands of semantic documents.

• This represents Millions of RDF entities, most of them being instances.

• New sources of knowledge are regularly integrated (FOAF, DBPedia, etc.), so that these number is growing rapidly.


• Heterogeneity! Great variety in…

Size

Coverage

Richness, etc.

What can Watson do for e-Learning?

Providing an infrastructure for dynamically selecting, combining and exploiting these knowledge and data, within next generation

semantic web applications!

PowerAqua

1. NL Question1. NL Question

2. Linguistic interpretation2. Linguistic interpretation

3. Ontology based interpretation3. Ontology based interpretation

mathieu_daquin martin_dzbor enrico_motta victoria_uren vanessa_lopez marta_sabou

4. Answer4. Answer

Magpie

Ontology concepts

Instances highlighted according to their type

Contextual access to web services

Folksonomy enrichment

Tags

{camera, digital slr, photograph} {damage, flooding, hurricane, katrina, Louisiana}

Clusters

Digital SLR

cameraphotographtakenWith

Ontologies

NLP/ClusteringNLP/Clustering

Find and combine Online ontologies +modularizaton

+matching+modularizaton

+matching

Discovering relations between tags

Folksonomy enrichment

Discovering relations between tags

Example of result.

Ontology Matching

ka2.rdf

Researcher AcademicStaff

Sem

anti

c W

eb

Researcher

AcademicStaff

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ISWC SWRCHam SeaFood

Sem

anti

c W

eb

HamSeaFood

Meat

Meat

SeaFood

Agrovoc NALT

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€

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€

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€

⊥

pizza-to-go

wine.owl

NALT

Take Home Message

• Watson is an ongoing project to build a Gateway to the Semantic Web

• Usable Now! • But lost of directions for improvements

So…Use it! Show it! Torture it!

Build new applications with it!And…

Send feedbacks! Suggest new features!Suggest new applications!

Thank you!Website: http://watson.kmi.open.ac.ukBlog: http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/blogE-mail: [email protected]: http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/WatsonWUIAPI: http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/WS_and_API.htmlTwitter: watson_swg

Documents

Using Watson for Building Intelligent Applications in E-learning Mathieu d’Aquin The Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University [email protected]