USH2 Unit 5: America and the WorldLesson 5.4 = The Cold War and Korea

EQ

•What were the causes of the Cold War?

Focus• What do you know about

the Cold War?

COLD WAR: SUPERPOWERS FACE OFF

• Background to the Cold War:

• COMMUNISM VS. DEMOCRACY

• 1917 RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

• 1939 NON AGGRESSION PACT

• DELAYED 2ND FRONT

AP: The background• 1.• 2.• 3.• 4.

DIFFERING GOALS• USA• ENCOURAGE

DEMOCRACY THROUGHOUT WORLD

• REBUILD EUROPEAN GOV’TS TO PROMOTE STABILITY AND CREATE NEW MARKETS FOR US GOODS

• REUNITE GERMANY TO INCREASE SECURITY OF EUROPE

DIFFERING GOALS• USSR• ENCOURAGE

COMMUNISM AS PART OF A WORLDWIDE WORKERS REVOLUTION

• REBUILD ITS WAR-RAVAGED ECONOMY BY USING EASTERN EUROPES INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND RAW MATERIALS

• CONTROL EASTERN EUROPE TO CREATE A BUFFER ZONE

• KEEP GERMANY DIVIDED TO PREVENT FUTURE AGGRESSION

AP: Differing Goals

IRON CURTAIN• SOVIETS TAKE OVER

EASTERN EUROPE = SATELLITE NATIONS

• IN POTSDAM, STALIN ANNOUNCES THAT DEMOCRACY AND COMMUNISM CANNOT CO-EXIST

• WE REMIND STALIN THAT WE HAVE THE A-BOMB

• WINSTON CHURCHILL MAKES FAMOUS “IRON CURTAIN SPEECH” IN 1946.

• HE CALLS ON THE UNITED STATES TO ONCE AGAIN SAVE THE WORLD FROM OPPRESSION

• STALIN CALLS SPEECH A DECLARATION OF WAR

AP• How did the Iron Curtain

Speech contribute to the Cold War?

CONTAINMENT• LONG TELEGRAM =

COMMUNISM MUST BE “CONTAINED”, AND THEREFOR CAN BE DEFEATED W/OUT WAR

• TRUMAN DOCTRINE = GIVE SUPPORT TO ANY COUNTRY THAT NEEDS HELP AGAINST COMMUNISM

• GOAL IS TO NOT ALLOW COMMUNISM TO SPREAD

• MARSHALL PLAN, 1947= USA OFFERS TO HELP ANY NATION REBUILD AFTER WWII (BRILLIANT)

AP• What is containment?

• What is the Truman Doctrine?

• What is the significance of the Marshall Plan?

BERLIN AIRLIFT = The First Cold War Crisis• 1948-1949, STALIN HOLD

WEST BERLIN HOSTAGE IN AN ATTEMPT TO GAIN CONTROL OF ALL OF BERLIN.

• CLOSE TO WAR, WE INSTEAD AIRLIFT SUPPLIES FOR 11 MONTHS = COLD WAR VICTORY-VIDEO “BERLIN AIRLIFT”

AP: Berlin Airlift

COLD WAR DIVIDES THE WORLD• CHINA FALLS TO

COMMUNISM IN 1949• USSR TESTS FIRST

NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN 1949

• BRINKMANSHIP AND DETERENCE BECOME POLICY

• ARMS RACE• NATO FORMED IN 1949• WARSAW PACT FORMED

IN 1955

A: TPS• 1’s = What is

Brinkmanship?• 2’s = What is Deterence?

THE COLD WAR TURNS HOT IN KOREA

• AFTER WWII DIVIDED AT THE 38TH PARALLEL (PG 977)

• NORTH = BACKED BY USSR• SOUTH = BACKED BY USA• USSR GAMBLES THAT USA

WILL NOT DEFEND SOUTH = SUPPLIES NORTH FOR INVASION

• USA LANDS AT INCHON = PUSHES NORTH TO YALU RIVER = CHINA SURPRISE ATTACKS

• FIGHTING ENDS IN CEASE FIRE (1953)

• MARKS MILITARY BUILD UP

AP: Korean War• Note to buddy

The Century: Best Years

Learning Log• What is your definition of the Cold

War?• Summarize the causes of the Cold

War?• How did the Soviet Union react to

Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech?• How did the Long Telegram influence

US Foreign policy?• How did the Truman Doctrine and

the Marshall plan address the spread of communism?

• What was the result of the Berlin Airlift?

• What agreement did NATO members make to one another?

• What originally led to the formation of two Koreas?

• Who fought in the Korean War?• What was the outcome of the Korean

War?