U.S. HISTORY Unit 2 Notes. UNIT 2 KICKOFF Do Now: Get paste in the Unit 2 Standards Activity Log. There will be ELEVEN left side pages. Copy

U.S. HISTORY Unit 2 Notes

UNIT 2 KICKOFF Do Now: Get & paste in the Unit 2 Standards & Activity Log.

There will be ELEVEN left side pages.

Copy the left side questions in to the next eleven left-side pages in your notebook (even # pages 32-50).

Update your table of contents: -

Date Title Page9/29 Unit 2 Standards 309/29 Unit 2 Activity Log 31

French & Indian War 32-33Inflammatory Acts 34-35Incidents leading to War 36-37Battles of Lexington & Concord 38-39Paul Revere’s Ride 40-41Battle of Bunker Hill 42-43Locke & Montesquieu 44-45Declaration of Independence – writing & signing 46-47Declaration of Independence – content 48-49Alliance with France 50-51Victory/ surrender 52-53

PREVIEW & PLANNING UNIT 2

Go over questions about the unit choices and topics. Glue in left side notes pages. How to plan your unit: Read through all choices. Star or highlight choices that interest you. Write these choices in PENCIL in your calendar. Select other work to add up to AT LEAST 100 points. Make a list of materials or assistance you may need. Note the unit due date. Plan your work to be finished BEFORE this time. Write your personal due dates on your calendar.

Unit 2 Book talks

FRENCH & INDIAN WARESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHAT WERE THE OUTCOMES OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR?

Do Now: Take the handout. Trim & glue the handout to the right side of your notebook (p. 33 ) Copy the date, topic, and essential question into the left side of your notebook.

Fill in sections 1 and 2 of your left side notes.

NOTES - FRENCH & INDIAN WAR 1754 – 1763 Fought between New France and British colonies in North America Aka “Seven Years War” France and Britain supported opposite sides (France and Britain were always

fighting each other). Different Native American groups supported both sides. By the end of the war, France gave up its right to land in North American to Britain

(land east of the Mississippi River) and Spain (land west of the MS River) Britain drove many Native Americans off their lands to make room for colonial

settlers in their new territory. Spain also gave Florida to Britain in exchange for Cuba. The war nearly doubled Great Britain’s debt. This is important for what came next…

WORKSHOP Complete section 3 on the left side of your notebook. Use one of the sentence starters on the anchor chart.

Work on the projects you planned. Clean up the materials you used and return everything to its correct place.

INFLAMMATORY ACTS & RESPONSESESSENTIAL QUESTION: HOW DID AN ARGUMENT OVER TAXES ERUPT INTO WAR? Do Now: Take the handout. Trim & glue the handout to the right side of your notebook (p. 35) Copy the date, topic, and essential question into the left side of your notebook.


NOTES - INFLAMMATORY ACTS & RESPONSES

British Act Colonial Response(s)Writs of Assistance, 1760 – allowed customs officials to search any ship or building suspected of smuggling without a warrant

Challenged laws in Massachusetts Supreme Court, lost case

Sugar Act, 1764 – taxed sugar, molasses, and other foreign goods like coffee and spices

Weak protest by colonial legislatures

Stamp Act, 1765 – taxed paper goods like newspapers and playing cards. These goods needed a “stamp” on them to show the tax was paid.

Virginia Resolves, mobs, Sons of Liberty, Stamp Act Congress

Townshend Duties, 1767 – several acts designed to raise revenue in the colonies without the colonists’ consent

Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer, boycott, Boston Massacre

Tea Act, 1773 – taxed all sales of tea NOT imported from England

Boston Tea Party

Intolerable Acts, 1773 – closed Boston Harbor, required colonists to quarter soldiers in their homes

First Continental Congress – boycott of British goods



INCIDENTS LEADING TO WAR ESSENTIAL QUESTION: HOW DID THE BOSTON MASSACRE, BOSTON TEA PARTY, AND FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS CONTRIBUTE TO THE START OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR?

Do Now: Take the handout. Trim & glue the handout to the right side of your notebook (p. 37) Copy the date, topic, and essential question into the left side of your notebook.


NOTES – MAJOR INCIDENTS LEADING TO WAR

Boston Massacre – March 5, 1770. Climax of 2 years of tension between colonists and British troops sent protect customs officers enforcing new tax laws. Colonists had been boycotting British merchants & actively discouraging merchants. Mob of colonists surrounded & taunted 5 British soldiers, who felt threatened and fired into the crowd. Five colonists died.

Boston Tea Party – December 16, 1773. In response to the Tea Act, which gave tax breaks to British importers. Sons of Liberty (led by Sam Adams) organized over 100 people to disguise themselves as Native Americans, sneak onto ships carrying British goods waiting to be unloaded in Boston Harbor, and dump the crates of tea into the water.

First Continental Congress – September 5-October 17, 1774. Formed after the Intolerable Acts were introduced by Britain. Representatives of each colony debated ways to show a unified reaction, ranging from separating permanently from Britain to sending colonial representation to Parliament in London. They agreed to stop importing British merchandise until the Intolerable Acts were repealed and sent a list of their complaints to Parliament.





BATTLES OF LEXINGTON & CONCORDESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHAT WERE THE CAUSES, EVENTS, AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE BATTLES OF LEXINGTON & CONCORD?



NOTES - BATTLES OF LEXINGTON & CONCORD

April 19, 1775 – First shots of the Revolution fired British army left Boston to capture rebel leaders (Sam Adams, John Hancock) & destroy colonists’ weapons & ammunition supply. Paul Revere & several others were sent by different routes to warn other colonists. (“The Redcoats are coming!”) Adams & Hancock escaped, and the ammo & weapons were hidden.

“Battle” of Lexington (“Shot heard ‘round the world”): 80 American militiamen vs LOTS more trained British soldiers. Orders were not to fire, someone fired anyway, a few more people shot, a few people were killed, the rest of the colonists “retreated” (ran away). No one is sure who fired the first shot, American or British.

Battle of Concord: British marched from Lexington to Concord and looked for the hidden weapons & ammo. More colonial militiamen arrived & waited outside of Concord. They fought at North Bridge & forced the British to retreat back to Boston.

Total casualties: British 73 killed, 174 wounded. Americans: 49 killed, 41 wounded.



PAUL REVERE’S RIDEESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHAT ARE THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE POEM “PAUL REVERE’S RIDE” AND THE ACTUAL EVENTS THE NIGHT BEFORE THE BATTLE OF LEXINGTON?



NOTES - PAUL REVERE’S RIDE – HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW

Listen my children and you shall hearOf the midnight ride of Paul Revere,On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five;Hardly a man is now aliveWho remembers that famous day and year.

He said to his friend, "If the British marchBy land or sea from the town to-night,Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry archOf the North Church tower as a signal light,--One if by land, and two if by sea;And I on the opposite shore will be,Ready to ride and spread the alarmThrough every Middlesex village and farm,For the country folk to be up and to arm."

Here are the first two verses of this famous work.Your handout has the full poem.

Your work:1. Annotate the poem (required for notebook score).2. Use the Historical Reading notes template to take notes about the events that happened in the poem and in history. (5 pts) 3. What parts do you think the poet made up? Write a paragraph describing what might be fictional and evidence from the text to back up your theory. (5 pts)



BATTLE OF BUNKER HILLESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHY WAS THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL A MORALE BOOSTER FOR THE COLONISTS?



NOTES – BATTLE OF BUNKER HILLBUNKER HILL VIDEO June 17, 1775 – Colonists LOST Colonists found out that British troops were planning to the hills around Boston; over 1,000 miltiamen built fortifications on top of Breed’s Hill.

2,200 British soldiers landed in Charlestown & marched to Breed’s Hill. The American commander ordered his troops: “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!” to save ammunition. This worked well; Americans defended the hill and British army lines reformed after American attacks until the Americans ran low on ammo. (Then they switched to hand to hand combat with bayonets on the ends of their muskets.)

Americans had to retreat, but the British suffered heavy losses, so Americans were very confident about their ability to defend themselves against the British.

Casualty total: British 200 killed, 800 wounded. American 100 killed, 300 wounded.

http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/battle-of-bunker-hill



LOCKE & MONTESQUIEUESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHAT WERE THE BASIC IDEAS ABOUT POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT THAT LOCKE AND MONTESQUIEU EACH WROTE ABOUT?



NOTES - LOCKE & MONTESQUIEU

John Locke – English political philosopher.

Published 1690 Two Treatises of Government - “all legitimate government rests upon ‘the consent of the governed’”

Natural law = law of God, guarantees basic rights including the right to life, liberty, property, to keep what one has worked for.

Citizens agree to follow laws in return for protection from the government. When this contract is broken, citizens have the right to overthrow the government and form a new one.

Montesquieu – French political philosopherPublished 1748 The Spirit of Laws – “ separate and balance powers of government to guarantee individual freedoms

Locke’s and Montesquieu’s political ideas strongly influenced Thomas Jefferson, especially while he wrote the Declaration of Independence.

DECLARATION – WRITING & SIGNINGESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHY AND HOW DID THE SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS AGREE TO AND SIGN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE?



NOTES - DECLARATION – WRITING & SIGNING

The Second Continental Congress started meeting after fighting broke out in the spring of 1775. John Adams was in favor of independence, but most delegates were more in favor of attempting peace first.

They agreed to form a Continental Army, headed by George Washington.They authorized money to be printed, to pay for supplies.They formed a subcommittee to deal with foreign countries, if needed in the future.They approved sending an “Olive Branch Petition” to ask the British king to address their concerns without use of force. (The king refused and declared the colonies to be in rebellion to the crown, then hired German mercenaries to support his British troops.)

The delegates to the Congress were declared wanted for treason. By summer of 1776, the Congress was able to appoint a committee to write a response to the king’s actions.

A 5-person committee led by Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. Congress voted unanimously to separate from Britian by signing the Declaration of Independence in July 1776.



DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE – CONTENTESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHAT ARE THE BASIC IDEAS COVERED IN THE DECLARATION, AND WHERE DID THEY COME FROM?



NOTES - DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE – CONTENT Preamble: An introduction. Tells why they are writing this. As you read: Why are they writing this? Summarize this section.

Grievances: All the things the king did that oppress the colonists.As you read: List the 5-10 worst things the king did.

Conclusion: Declares that the colonies are free and independent of Great Britain.What reasons are given for the colonists declaring their freedom?



ALLIANCE & VICTORYESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHY AND HOW DID FRANCE HELP THE UNITED STATES?



NOTES - ALLIANCE & VICTORY

France had been interested in an alliance with the colonies since Britain had taken its North American land at the end of the French & Indian War. They were in favor of an alliance after the publication of the Declaration of Independence in summer1776, but changed their mind after they heard about several losing battles and the state of the army after the winter in Valley Forge (1776-1777).Ben Franklin was popular in France, had many French contacts & allies, and was sent to negotiate an alliance by the Continental Congress.France agreed to pay a secret loan to the U.S., and finally agreed to an alliance after he heard about the American victory at Saratoga in winter 1777.The treaty was signed in February 1778. France provided weapons, ammo, uniforms, supplies, troops, and ships to protect the coast. This assistance was absolutely critical to the success of the U.S. in winning the war.



SURRENDERESSENTIAL QUESTION: HOW DID THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION END?



NOTES - SURRENDER

With France to support the U.S., Britain surrendered to the Continental Army (the colonists) at Yorktown in 1781. It took two years to reach a peace agreement.The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783, after 10 months of negotiations.Britain tried a number of tactics to regain control over the colonies, including giving the colonies a certain amount of freedom within the British Empire, trying to drive a wedge between the U.S. and France, and capturing one of the five American negotiators and holding him hostage in London until the end of the war.The U.S. won: recognition of their independent nation status, fishing access rights off the eastern shores of (British-controlled) Canada, and all the land east of the Mississippi.The sketch shown above is unfinished because the British negotiation team refused to sit for it!



Documents

U.S. HISTORY Unit 2 Notes. UNIT 2 KICKOFF Do Now: Get paste in the Unit 2 Standards Activity Log. There will be ELEVEN left side pages. Copy