Unit1

Unit 1Unit 1

Watch the video and answer the following questions.

1. What’s the building that was hit?

2. What was the event? When did it happen?

Audiovisual supplementCultural information

The building is the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City.

It was one of the 9/11 attacks. It happened on September 11, 2001.

• 3.Tell what your idea about the 9.11 attack.

• 4.Why US has to face serious terrorist challenge in the world? What are the reasons of terrorism?

• 5.Would US resolve the terrorism?

• 6. Describe a disaster you have experienced how you make it.


News:

Officer A:News:

We have unconfirmed reports this morning that a plane has crashed into one of the towers of the World Trade Center. CNN Center right now ...Holy shit!... work on this story, calling our sources and trying to figure out exactly what happened, but, clearly, something relatively devastating happening this morning there. We’re going to join another one of our New York affiliates for their live coverage. Here at the top of this tower, there’s a huge, gaping hole, flames still inside.



Officer B:

Officer C: Officer B: Officer D: Officer E:Officer B:

Can you believe this? What schmuck would fly a plane into the Trade Center?Maybe they ran out of gas or something.Yeah, Colovito. Right.Maybe some jerk-off forgot which lever to pull on his twin-engine.That’s not a small plane.Hell, no.


Police Chief:

Team Leader:

All right, listen up! Let me have your attention here! They’re telling us it’s a commuter plane. Tower One is being evacuated as a precaution. They’ve asked us to send a team down to assist. Sergeant McLoughlin.I’ve got a list of names here. Step out when you hear it. We’re going downtown.

Good evening. Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices: secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers, moms and dads, friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror. The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong.

1. President Bush’s address to the nation:


A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. America was targeted for attack because we’re the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining. Today, our nation saw evil — the very worst of human nature — and we responded with the best of America. With the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could.


Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government’s emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it’s prepared. Our emergency teams are working in New York City and Washington D.C. to help with local rescue efforts. Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured, and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks. The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington which had to be evacuated today are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow. Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well.



The search is underway for those who were behind these evil acts. I have directed the full resources of our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and to bring them to justice. We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them. I appreciate so very much the members of Congress who have joined me in strongly condemning these attacks. And on behalf of the American people, I thank the many world leaders who have called to


offer their condolences and assistance. America and our friends and allies join with all those who want peace and security in the world, and we stand together to win the war against terrorism. Tonight, I ask for your prayers for all those who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered, for all whose sense of safety and security has been threatened. And I pray they will be comforted by a Power greater than any of us, spoken through the ages in Psalm 23: Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me.


This is a day when all Americans from every walk of life unite in our resolve for justice and peace. America has stood down enemies before, and we will do so this time. None of us will ever forget this day, yet we go forward to defend freedom and all that is good and just in our world. Thank you. Good night. And God bless America!


2. September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks (often referred to as September 11th or 9/11) were a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11, 2001. On that morning, 19 al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing everyone on board and many others working in the buildings. Both buildings collapsed within two hours, destroying nearby buildings and damaging others. The

hijackers crashed a third airliner into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside Washington, D.C. The fourth plane crashed into a field near Shanksville in rural Pennsylvania after some of its passengers and flight crew attempted to retake control of the plane, which the hijackers had redirected toward Washington, D.C. There were no survivors from any of the flights. The death toll of the attacks was 2,995, including the 19 hijackers. The overwhelming majority of casualties were civilians, including nationals of over 70 countries. In addition, there is at least one secondary death — one person was ruled by a medical examiner to have died from lung disease due to exposure to dust from the World Trade Center’s collapse.


9.11

We often meet turning point in history which witness the progress of human being. While there 2 kinds of turning

points, one is good like our nation's independence in 1949; another is, well,

nightmare turning point like 911.

This is ex-president of US, George W Bush. Americans always firmly believe that they are selected by God to control and purify the world as a

world police, anyone has to obey their order. American's will is the God's will.

911 is the turning point. throw them into nightmare.

• Four jet airliners • ---American Airlines Flight 11

struck the North Tower, left, • ---United Airlines Flight 175

hit the South Tower, right.• ---Third liner crashed into

Pentagon.• ---Fourth liner was shot down

into a field in rural Somerset County, Pennsylvania by US air force.

• ---There are no survivors from any of the flights.

Process of the attackSeptember 11, 2001September 11, 20018:46 am) – 10:28 am)8:46 am) – 10:28 am)

They once called for help…Listen to their last voice…

Jumped in desperation

Finally…

DeathsDeaths3,017 (including the 19 3,017 (including the 19 hijackers, and 24 presumed dead)hijackers, and 24 presumed dead)Injured Injured 6,291+6,291+

Yearn for the dead

Movies about 911

1. United 93 / 颤栗航班 93 / 93 号航班

2. Fahrenheit 9/11 / 华氏 911 3 World Trade Center / World Trade Center / 世贸大厦 4 11'09''01 - September 11 / 九一一事件簿 / 他们的 911

5 The Flight That Fought Back / 911 反恐客机

6 The 9/11 Commission Report / 911 调查报告 7 911: The Road to Tyranny

8 The Great New Wonderful / 巨大的惊喜

9 On Native Soil / 国土之上

10 Reign Over Me / 从心开始 / 支配我

• The suspected organizer Bin Laden initially denied the huge attack, but later admitted the involvement in the incidents. Apparently, he did not know his men would do the big job, considering that he was the suspected organizer who must know it. US has not given a believable reason.

• Until now ,there is no clear reason for the motivation of his organization on 911, since US government had lose relationship with him and once be the supporter for Bin Laden when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan.

• Following the attacks, President Bush‘s job approval rating soared to 86% and acquired most presidential power in history. Then the highly disputed USA PATRIOT Act was approved quickly as Bush's wish. Most American citizens had been losing many of their human rights. Many people disappeared officially from then without any illegal process.

• • ---- 华裔移民律师齐曼琳 ( 译音 Manlin Chee) 却

因在 2003 年 3 月在《爱国者法案》谈论小组上大胆发言后，不得不在监狱中打发时光。　　

• While with this excuse, US attacked Taliban in Afghanistan. Then it invaded Iraq, destroyed the rich Arabic county, killed Saddam Hussein and thousands Iraq civilians were slaughtered. Then US controlled the oil although Saddam Hussein government was prove innocent later by US. Iraq people have to goodbye to their rich and peaceful life.

•

Now US is trying to attack more countriesNow US is trying to attack more countries

• On 911, BBC reported WTC had collapsed, 20 minutes On 911, BBC reported WTC had collapsed, 20 minutes earlier when it happened. And many western reporters earlier when it happened. And many western reporters were waiting right there when disaster happened. How were waiting right there when disaster happened. How could BBC knew it what would happen? could BBC knew it what would happen?

•

• Many people suspect that the WTC was more likely blown up according some plan by professional people rather than planes crash.

• 911 is the tragic disaster while we still do not know who should be responsible for that and who really did it.

• The war could destroy any nation, including the war organizer, US would be an exception.

•

• The world autocrat position calls huge military expense, security expense and higher tax rate, exhausting the wealth of the nation and the purchasing power of Americans, such as housing purchasing power.

• Then the worst economic crisis occurred.

• Some Americans are desperately crying the losing of house, job, education chance, and their fantastic American dream.

• The police would check and make sure they move out in time after they failed to pay the loan.

• And they need to find a job to support their family, although it is very hard now.

• Or they have to kill the family, it is the only way for them to release from the hard life.

• Who is the disaster maker?

• Who make more disasters?

• Who is the beneficiary?

• Who is the victim?

• The sufferer should not make more innocent people suffering.

The text describes a particular episode in the disaster that occurred on , 2001 in New York, in praise of the . It presents people in the attack, who demonstrated great valor trying to .

Main idea Structural analysis

September 11_______________

courage and compassion of man___________________________________

three______

save those who werein danger and needed help

_______________________

______________________________

Paragraphs

Main idea

1

2-9

10-30

It tells of people’s perception of the WTC.It describes the initial reaction of people inside the WTC when the building was hit.It is mainly about how the three men (Mayblum, Ramos and Hong) endeavored to save a heavyset man by their joint efforts.

1. Divide the text into parts by completing the table.


Paragraph(s)

Main idea

31-34 It describes the gathering of some of the survivors and the victims’ wives.


2. What is the function of the last part?

It is a most touching scene. It seems to suggest that the author has, from what is described above, reached the conclusion about the ultimate moral dilemma: “Save yourself, or save another.”


With the building in flames, one man needed help. Another man refused to leave him.

“We’ve Been Hit!”

Detailed reading

Adam Mayblum used to enjoy watching as storms lashed the windows of his office: You think that’s power? Mayblum would scoff. I’m on the 87th floor of the World Trade Center. That’s power. The drawstrings on his window shades would appear to sway slightly, but it was an illusion. Although they were 1,040 feet in the sky, The WTC was quite steady.

1

When Mayblum felt a devastating rumble on that September morning, he glanced at the drawstrings. They were careening wildly, three feet in either direction. Mayblum would be one of thousands cast into an extraordinary purgatory that morning. While as many as 25,000 would find their way to safety, 5,000 would not. For some, it was a matter of geography — not just which tower they worked in or on which floor, but in which corner of the building.

Detailed reading

2

3

4

For some, the choices were as basic as which staircase to use. Others faced the ultimate moral dilemma: Save yourself, or save another. The confusion inside Adam Mayblum’s office at May Davis, a financial services firm, lasted just seconds. He knew he needed to get out. He ripped his T-shirt into pieces, soaked the pieces in water and gave them to colleagues to cover their faces. Among them: Harry Ramos, head trader at May Davis. Mayblum had worked with Ramos off and on for 14 years.

Detailed reading

5

6

7

Sparks bit at Mayblum’s ankles as he raced for the stairs. He bolted down two flights before realizing that his trading partner, Hong Zhu, had been left behind. He went back upstairs, the whole area now filled with smoke and burning jet fuel. There was no sign of Hong. Mayblum hurried down again and made it to the 78th floor, a transfer lobby where one set of elevators and stairs ended and another began. He saw a reassuring sight; Ramos had waded into the pandemonium to help panicked workers into a stairwell.

Detailed reading

8

9

Mayblum continued his descent, the muscles in his calves contracting in spasms. On the 53rd floor, he came across a heavyset man whose legs just wouldn’t move anymore. “Do you want to come, or do you want us to send help?” Mayblum shouted. The man asked him to send help. Adam said he would. In the noise, smoke and sparks, Mayblum didn’t realize that his friend Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time. When Hong got to the 53rd floor, he came across Harry Ramos. Ramos had stooped to help the heavyset man Mayblum had seen earlier. “I’ll give you a hand,” Hong said.

Detailed reading

10

11

1213

Together, Ramos and Hong helped the man down one more flight to an elevator. “Don’t take it,” a Port Authority official screamed. Hong and Ramos tried to send a magazine down in the elevator to test its safety. But when they pressed the “down” button, the doors wouldn’t close. So Hong decided that he would be the guinea pig instead. He stepped inside, and the doors shut behind him. Hong took the elevator down to the 44th floor, the next transfer lobby. So far, so good. He pressed “52,” went back up and collected Ramos and the heavyset man.

Detailed reading

14

15

16

17

18

On 44 Hong and Ramos helped the man toward the last bank of elevators that would take them all the way down. Hong pressed the “down” button again. Nothing. They would have to take the stairs. Ramos and Hong tried to support the man. “One step at a time,” Hong said. They had been trying to get out for an hour and five minutes. They were on 36 when they felt the South Tower collapse. “We really have to move,” Hong said.

Detailed reading

19

20

21

22

23

The rumbles of the collapsing tower next door seemed to sap the heavyset man of his last gasps of energy. “I can’t do it anymore,” he said, sitting down. Hong and Ramos tried to persuade him to continue. “You don’t have to move your legs!” Hong shouted. “Just move your butt. Let’s go!” But the man couldn’t go on. A fireman ran up to them. Hong expected that he would join in to get the heavy man to move. Instead, the fireman turned to Hong. “Who are you, screaming at him to get out?” the fireman shouted. “You get out!”

Detailed reading

24

25

26

27

Hong looked at Ramos, who was still standing with the heavyset man. “I’m coming down with you,” Ramos told the man. “I’m not going to leave.” “I left,” Hong says sorrowfully. “Alone.” The next day, Adam Mayblum sent an e-mail describing his experience to friends and relatives, who sent it to still others. The e-mail was read by someone in San Francisco who knew a woman in New York named Rebecca. Her husband, Victor, a heavyset man, was missing.

Detailed reading

28

29

30

31

On Saturday, September 15, May Davis’s chairman had a gathering at his New Jersey home. Adam Mayblum was there. So was Hong Zhu. Rebecca was also there, learning how her husband, Victor, had been comforted in his last moments, how Harry Ramos had refused to leave him behind. Ramos’s wife, Micky, was there too. She kept asking Mayblum and Hong where her husband was, convinced that somehow, Harry — the only May Davis employee still missing — was alive.

Detailed reading

32

33

Piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape: Harry was on 87 when the plane hit. He stopped to help on 78. He met up with Hong on 53. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor.

Detailed reading

34

1. How much do you know about the World Trade Center?The World Trade Center was more than its signature twin towers: it was a complex of 7 buildings on 16 acres, constructed and operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. The towers rose at the heart of the complex, each climbing more than 100 feet higher than the silver mast of the Empire State Building. The World Trade Center was hit by hijacked planes on September 11, 2001.

Detailed reading

2. What images are used to emphasize the steadiness of the WTC?

Storms and drawstrings.

Detailed reading

Can you paraphrase the sentence “They were careening wildly, three feet in either direction.” in Paragraph 2?

They were swaying up to three feet from side to side, like a ship in a great storm.

Detailed reading

What is the implication of the parallel sentences in Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5?

These sentences are used to emphasize the fact that the people in the building were in great danger and whether they would survive depended very much on where they happened to be when the building was struck and which staircase they would use to get out.

Detailed reading

1. Is there any evidence of people’s concern for others?Yes, Mayblum shared his ripped T-shirt with his colleagues, Mayblum went back to look for his trading partner, and Ramos helped panicked workers into a stairwell.

Detailed reading

2. What does “Ramos had waded into the pandemonium” mean?

It means that he “had walked into the wild chaos with great determination.”

Detailed reading

How do you understand the sentence “So far, so good” in Para.18?

Things are satisfactory up to this point.

Detailed reading

How did they manage to get down from the 53rd floor to the 36th floor?

They first got down to the 44th floor in the elevator which, fortunately, was still working. Then Ramos and Hong helped the man down to the 36th floor, which took them an hour and five minutes.

Detailed reading

What does “Who are you, screaming at him to get out” in Para. 27 mean?

Who do you think you are? You have no right to shout at him and order him to get out.

Detailed reading

1. Why did the fireman shout at Hong? What did he possibly do after Hong left?

Possibly because he wanted to save at least one more person. After Hong left, he probably joined Ramos in helping the heavyset man.

Detailed reading

2. Where did the heavyset man live?

In New York.

What is the significance of the last paragraph? And what is its relation to the subtitle of the text “With the building in flames, one man needed help. Another man refused to leave him”?

The last paragraph is a condensed account of Ramos’s heroic deed. It echoes the subtitle with a very moving picture. Notice the word “fade,” which literally means “become unclear,” suggesting that Harry Ramos’s wife was unable to accept the truth about her husband’s death.

Detailed reading

lash vt. hit violently or suddenlye.g.The farmer lashed the mules with a stick.

The waves lashed the shore.

Collocation:

lash out (at / against sb. / sth.) make a sudden violent attack with blows or words

Synonym:

whip, beat

Detailed reading

scoff vi. laugh (at)

e.g.All the students scoffed at the poor boy’s clothes.

The disabled people are often scoffed.

Derivation:

scoffer n.

Synonym:

jeer, mock

Detailed reading

sway vi. move or swing from side to side

e.g. He swayed slightly, as if about to fall.他身子一歪，像要倒下。

Synonym:

swing, wave

Detailed reading

1. 那棵苹果树在风中摇曳。

2. She swayed her hands gracefully as she gave lectures.

Translation:

The apple tree sways in the wind._________________________________________________________

她演讲时优雅地摆动着手。_________________________________________________________

Detailed reading

illusion n. sth. that deceives a person by seeming to be real

e.g. The mirrors all round the walls give an illusion of greater space.

I have no illusions about my ability.我对自己的能力如何颇有自知之明。

Derivation:

illusive a. illusively ad.

Detailed reading

Collocation:

be under the illusion that believe wrongly

e.g. I was under the illusion that he was honest until he was caught stealing some money.他偷钱当场被人抓住，在此之前我一直误以为他是个老实人。

Detailed reading

Exercise: Fill in each blank with one of the following prepositions.

1. He lashed the opposition’s policies. 2. Students are not allowed to scoff others’ weakn

esses. 3. The dancer swayed the music. 4. People were the illusion that the tomb was Cao

cao’s.

out____

under at out against to

at___

under_______

to___

against________

Detailed reading

devastating a. completely destructive

e.g. It is the most devastating flood in 100 years.

Derivation:

devastate vt. devastation n.

Synonym:

disastrous, destructive

Detailed reading

The poet lay down and gazed at the bright moon, missing his hometown.

glance at look at sb. or sth. quickly, esp. by raising your eyes and then lowering them againe.g. The president glanced at the clock and

announced that the meeting started.

Comparison:

gaze at, stare at, glare at, gape atgaze at look at sth. or sb. for a long time, for example,

because they are beautiful or interesting, esp. without realizing that you are doing it

e.g.

Detailed reading

The heroine stepped forward bravely and glared at the enemy.女英雄挺身而出，以仇恨的目光瞪着敌人。

Don’t stare at people; it’s very rude.

Comparison:

stare at deliberately look at sb. or sth. for a long time without moving your eyes, for example, because you are angry, shocked, or very interested

e.g.

glare at look angrily at sb. for a long time without moving your eyes

e.g.

Detailed reading

His father stood there gaping at him, too astonished to say anything.

Comparison:

gape at look at sb. or sth. for a long time, esp. with your mouth open, because you are very surprised or shocked

e.g.

Detailed reading

purgatory n. a place or condition of great suffering

e.g. The devastating earthquake changed people’s home into a purgatory.

Synonym:

torture, plague

Derivation:

purgatorial a.

Detailed reading

dilemma n.a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what to do, because all of the possible courses of action seem equally good or equally bad

e.g. The only way out of this dilemma is to cooperate within the group. 面对这样的两难境地，唯一的出路就是在团队内合作。

Mary was in a dilemma whether to marry or continue her study.

Collocation:

in a dilemma

e.g.

Synonym:

quandary, predicament

Detailed reading

Mayblum would be one of thousands cast into an extraordinary purgatory that morning.

Paraphrase:

That morning, Mayblum would be one of thousands who were thrown into a terrible disaster.

Translation:

那天早上，有数千人将被卷入一场惊心动魄的灾难，梅布鲁也是其中的一员。

Detailed reading

For some, it was a matter of geography …

Paraphrase:

For some, whether they could survive depended on where they were …

Detailed reading

The Civil War came at the end of a long period of social disorder.

confusion n. a very disorganized situation usually with lots of noise, in which a lot of things are happening at the same time, so that it is difficult to understand or controle.g. The enemy’s unexpected attack threw them int

o total confusion.敌人的突然进攻使他们完全不知所措。

Comparison:

disorder, chaosdisorder n. a situation in which things or people are not in the correct position, place, or order, so that they are unable to control or organize

e.g.

Detailed reading

The thieves left the house in chaos.小偷走后房屋中一片凌乱。

Comparison:

chaos n. a situation that is full of disorder and is completely out of control

e.g.

Derivation:

confused a.confuse vt.

Detailed reading

transfern. a change from one place to another

e.g. The headmaster arranged for his transfer to another school.校长安排他转到另一个学校。

vt. move sth. / sb. from one place to another

e.g. The head office has been transferred from London to New York. 总部已由伦敦迁至纽约。

Detailed reading

Synonym:

remove, hand over

Derivation:

transferable a.

Detailed reading

reassuring a. making sb. feel less worried or frightened

e.g. Before commencing the performance, she gave me a reassuring smile.The President gave a reassuring speech about the future of the country.

Derivation:

reassurance n.reassure vt.reassuringly ad.

Antonym:

threatening, discouraging

Detailed reading

panic vt. be suddenly frightened by sth.e.g. The firecrackers panicked the chicks.

The shot panicked all the customers in the restaurant.

n. a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness

The banks were panicked into selling sterling.银行因恐慌而抛售英国货币。

Collocation:

panic sb. into doing sth. make sb. do sth. unwise or hasty because of panic

e.g.

Detailed reading

Synonym:

dread, terror, fear

Detailed reading

Activity: Write out the noun form and the adjective form of each given word.

1. confuse

2. transfer

3. reassure

4. panic

5. devastate

confusion______________

v.

a.

n.

transfer______________

reassurance______________

panic______________

devastation______________

confused / confusing________________________

transferable________________________

reassuring / reassured________________________

panicky________________________

devastating________________________

Detailed reading

Mayblum had worked with Ramos off and on for 14 years.

Paraphrase:

In the past 14 years, Mayblum and Ramos worked together from time to time.

Translation:

梅布鲁和拉莫斯断断续续地在一起工作已有 14 年了。

Detailed reading

descent n. the act or process of going down

e.g. The wild goose began its descent into the West Lake.

Synonym:

decline, subsidence

Antonym:

ascent

Detailed reading

He tried to make me accept a bribe — I hope I would never stoop so low.

——他想让我接受贿赂希望我决不至于做出这种低级的事。

stoop vi. bend down

e.g. The policeman stooped to pick up a lost gun in the room.

Collocation:

stoop (down) to pick sth. upstoop so low (as to do sth.): lower one’s moral standards so far (as to do sth.)

e.g.

Detailed reading

Antonym:

straighten (up)

Detailed reading

On the 53rd floor, he came across a heavyset man whose legs just wouldn’t move anymore.

Explanation:

“Anymore” is the variant of “any more”; this variant is chiefly used in North America.

Translation:

在第 53 层，他偶遇了一个大块头的男子，那人的脚一步也迈不开了。

Paraphrase:

On the 53rd floor, he met a huge man whose legs just wouldn’t move any more.

Detailed reading

collapse vi. (break into pieces and) fall down suddenly because of a weakness in the structure, or because of a sudden violent force

e.g.The heavy storm caused the hovel to collapse.

Synonym:

break down, crumble

Detailed reading

Translation:

地震之后许多房屋都倒塌了。

大雨把禾苗都压塌了。

Many buildings collapsed in the earthquake._________________________________________________________

Grain seedlings collapsed under the weight of the big rain. __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Detailed reading

After school, some boys descended the slope towards the village, whistling cheerfully. While walking, a boy, Richard found that his shoelace was loose. So he stooped to tie the lace. Suddenly, the boys felt that the earth was shaking. And the shaking was more and more violent. “What happened?” Richard shouted. He was so afraid that he crouched on the ground. “It is earthquake! Look!” another boy answered. The houses in the village collapsed with a large noise! Disaster had come!

Activity: Act it out.Work in groups. Students are supposed to read the following scene and try to act it out. Pay close attention to the verbs in bold type.

Detailed reading

So Hong decided that he would be the guinea pig instead.

Explanation:

If someone is used as a guinea pig in an experiment, something is tested on him that has not been tested on other people before. For example, Dr. Roger used himself as a human guinea pig to perfect a treatment which has since saved the lives of countless people. Here the sentence means that Hong decided to test the safety of the elevator himself.

Detailed reading

sap vt. weaken slowlye.g.

They were traveling very slowly, and the heavy load they were carrying sapped their strength.

The constant tension was sapping my energy.Synonym:

weaken, exhaust, drain

Collocation:sap up on sb. beat up sb.

Detailed reading

persuade vt. convince sb.

King Lear was completely persuaded by his elder daughters’ honeyed words.

She persuaded her father to change his mind.

Derivation:persuasion n.persuasive a.

We are persuaded of the justice of her case.我们确信对她案件的审理是公正的。

Collocation:

persuade sb. of sth. convince sb.

e.g.

e.g.

Detailed reading

meet up withcome across

e.g. Mary met up with her student on the street of a foreign country.

Notes:

meet the case 适当，令人满意meet sb. half-way 与某人妥协meet one’s Waterloo （在比赛中）惨败

Detailed reading

Translation:

1. 在一次会议上，那位教授偶遇了十年前帮助过她的恩人。In a conference, the professor met up with her benefactor who helped her 10 years ago. _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

During discussion with the Democratic Party, the Republican Party met its Waterloo. _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Detailed reading

2. 在与民主党的辩论中，共和党遭到了惨败。

You are going to watch a film. When you buy some snacks at the supermarket, you meet up with a friend. You try to persuade him to go to see the movie with you. Work in pairs and make a dialogue.

Activity: Make a dialogue

Detailed reading

… the picture began to fade on the 36th floor

Explanation:

… nothing was known about what had happened on the 36th floor.

Translation:

在第 36 层，逃生的画面变得模糊起来。

Detailed reading

Phrase practice

Word derivation

Synonym / Antonym

Suffix

Vocabulary Translation Integrated skillsOral activitiesWriting ListeningGrammar

in flames: burning 着火，失火

e.g. That factory was in flames. 那家工厂失火了。

The opera house was soon enveloped in flames. 歌剧院很快就被一片火海所包围。


a matter of sth.: a situation or circumstance relating to sth. ……事关的问题

e.g. For me, it was just a matter of money. 对我来说那只是一个钱的问题。


off and on: in an intermittent manner 不时地，断断续续地e.g. It has rained off and on for two months.

雨断断续续地下了两个月。

He just received junior education off and on when he was a child. 他只是小时候断断续续地读过小学。


give sb. a hand: help sb. 帮助

e.g. I would be glad to give you a hand with this box if you like. 如果你愿意，我很高兴为你拿这个箱子。



Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.

1. Chris became more and more (panic), as the day of the examination drew near.

panicky_________

2. The spacecraft (descent) through the atmosphere at a speed of 17,000 mph.

descends / descended ________________________

3. Good teachers try to make their lessons more (enjoy) by using varied activities.

enjoyable___________


4. For years they were living with their suitcases packed in constant (expect) of being given permission to leave the country.

expectation _____________

5. There was a lot of public debate about the (moral) of the invasion.

morality__________

6. I managed to get him to lend me the money, but I had to use all my powers of (persuade).

persuasion___________


7. His desire to make his son a pianist was so (strength) that he spent nearly all his savings to buy him a piano.

strong _______

8. After a break you should feel (energy) and confident enough to tackle another assignment.

energetic__________


panic n. & v. panicky a. panicked a. panicking a.

恐慌恐慌的惊恐的，受惊吓的惊慌的

1.

e.g. 当我意识到那条项链不见了，我十分惊慌。

一只受到惊吓的野兔跑进了农户的家里。

When I realized that the necklace was lost, I felt very panicky.

A panicked rabbit ran into a peasant’s house.


descent n. descend v. descendible a.

下降；家世降；降临可遗传的

2.

e.g. 雪后气温下降了。

太阳下山了。There was a descent of temperature after snow.

The sun descended behind the hills.


enjoy v. enjoyable a. enjoyment n. enjoyably ad.

享受，喜欢有趣的，愉快的享受愉快地；有趣地；可享乐地

3.

e.g. 我喜欢唱歌。

昨天晚上是我过的最愉快的一个夜晚。

我并没有从那部电影里得到多少乐趣。

I enjoy singing.

Last night was the most enjoyable time I’ve had.

I didn’t get much enjoyment out of that movie.


expect v. expected a. expectancy n. expectant a. expectation n.

预期，盼望，期待预期的，预料的期待期待的；怀孕的期待，期望

4.

e.g. 我预计会在周一离开。

女人比男人的预期寿命长。

学生眼巴巴地等候电影开始。

I expect to leave on Monday.

Women have a higher life expectancy than men.

With expectant faces, students are waiting for the movie to start.


moral a. morale n. moralist n. morality n.

道德的；精神上的道德准则；士气，斗志道德学家，卫道士道德，美德；品行，道德观

5.

e.g. 孩子并非生来就有是非感。

从道德上讲汤姆缺点不少。

我对道德问题不感兴趣。

A baby isn’t born with a moral sense.

Morally Tom leaves much to be desired.

I have no interest in the questions of morality.


persuade v. persuasion n. persuasive a.

说服，劝说说服，劝说有说服力的，令人信服的

6.

e.g. 我能劝汤姆放弃他那些愚蠢的计划。

尽管家长努力劝说，孩子还是不想去上学。

这是一场有说服力的演讲。

I can persuade Tom out of his foolish plans.

In spite of parents’ efforts at persuasion, the kid is not willing to go to school.

This is a persuasive speech.


strength n. strong a. strengthen v.

力量，力气；长处；强度强壮的；强烈的；坚强的加强，变坚固

7.

e.g. 我连移动双脚的力气几乎都没有了。

他是个健壮的人。

星期一风刮得更猛了。

I have hardly enough strength left to move my feet.

He is a strong man.

The wind strengthened on Monday.


energy n. energetic a. energize v.

活力，精力；能源精力旺盛的，有力的；能量的产生能量

8.

e.g. 太阳能电池能把阳光的能量转化为电能。

汤姆似乎是一个精力充沛的人。

假期过后，我感到全身又充满了活力。

The solar cell can convert the energy of sunlight into electric energy.

Tom seems an energetic person.

I felt very energized after my holiday.

disappear

Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Others faced the ultimate moral dilemma: Save

yourself, or save another.

Antonym:amoral, nonmoral

2. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor.

Synonym:


3. The drawstrings on his window shades would appear to sway slightly, but it was an illusion.

Antonym: wildly

4. He ripped his T-shirt into pieces, soaked the pieces in water and gave them to colleagues to cover their faces.

Antonym: uncover, disclose, reveal


5. Hong and Ramos tried to persuade him to continue.

Antonym: dissuade

6. “I left,” Hong says sorrowfully.

Antonym: happily, joyfully, joyously


7. Mayblum would be one of thousands cast into extraordinary purgatory that morning.

Antonym: ordinary, common

8. On the 53rd floor, he came across a heavyset man whose legs just wouldn’t move any more.

Antonym: small, thin, slender


Write in each space the adjective form for each given word.

1. help

2. child

3. act

4. persistence

5. revolution

6. success

7. woman

8. lady

helpful / helpless_________________________________

childish / childlike / childless_________________________________

active_________________________________

persistent_________________________________

revolutionary_________________________________

successful_________________________________

womanly_________________________________

ladylike_________________________________



Explanation:

e.g. beautiful, hopeful, skillful

-ful: full of; having the quality of

e.g. hopeless, meaningless

-less: without


Explanation:

e.g. foolish, rubbish, cubbish

-ish: having the nature of

e.g. catlike, godlike, warlike

-like: similar to; typical of


Explanation:

e.g. descriptive, attractive, conducive

-ive: having the nature of


Explanation:

e.g. consistent, different, innocent

-ent: having the nature of


Explanation:

e.g. elementary, complimentary

-ary: connected with; contributing to; for the purpose of


Explanation:

e.g. hopeful, sorrowful, forgetful

-ful: having the quality of


Explanation:

e.g. friendly, scholarly, cowardly

-ly: having the quality of


Explanation:

e.g. manlike, pea-like, lamblike

-like: similar to; typical of

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skillsOral activitiesWriting Listening

would vs. used to; used to vs. be used to

would, should, might, could

didn’t need to do / needn’t have done

“Would do” refers to past actions and habits as well. Remember that “would” is also used in a conditional sense. It’s a good idea not to use “would” in questions and negative sentences, as its meaning can easily be misunderstood in a conditional sense.


e.g. We’d spend a lot of money on projects that didn’t help the company.

They would ask a lot of crazy questions that didn’t seem to make any sense.


“Used to do” expresses something that we often did in the past, but don’t do anymore. It is often used in the positive form to speak about repeated actions — something that was a habit, or a way of life — in the past. Generally, we use the form to contrast past habits with present situations.

e.g. I used to go jogging three times a week when I lived in Italy. Now, I’m too busy and can only jog once a week.

Janice used to live in New York, but moved to Seattle last year.


“Be used to (doing) sth.” means someone has experienced something so that it no longer seems surprising, difficult or strange. It is always followed by a noun or gerund.

e.g. Sally is used to spending hours in front of the computer every day.

They’ve always lived in hot countries so they aren’t used to the cold weather here.

PracticeComplete the following sentences with would when appropriate. Use used to whenever would is not suitable.


1. In those days whenever I had difficulties, I go to Mr. Blake for help.

2. Rita work in a law office for many years. But now she doesn’t.

3. My sister lived in Australia for many years, but she always come home for Christmas.

4. Yet, he cannot but remember China as it be ．

would_______

used to________

would_______

used to________

5. When he was at university, he sleep until noon at the weekends.

6. People believe that the earth was flat.

would_______

used to________

1. This time, although she

(not, receive) presents, she accepted his offer

gratefully.

2. I (think) that tea was bad for you.

3. He seems (live) in hot countries.

4. There (be) a cinema in the town but

now there isn’t.

5. Hans has lived in England for over a year so he

(drive) on the left now.

6. I (live) on my own. I’ve done it

for quite a long time.


Fill in the blanks with used to (do) or be used to (doing).

was not used to receiving____________________________

used to think______________

used to living______________

used to be____________

is used to

driving

___________

________

am used to living___________________

Would you get me a glass of water?

I told him not to go, but he would not listen.

Would can be used in some forms that are viewed as more formal or polite. It can also be used to express willingness.

e.g.


Should is used to indicate that an action is considered by the speaker to be obligatory. It is used to form the future tense of the subjunctive mood, usually in the first person.

You should brush your teeth every day.

If I should be late, go without me.

e.g.

John is not in the office today, and he might be sick.

I might go to the mall later.

Might your phone?

e.g.


Might can be used to express a present time possibility or uncertainty. It can be used in the first person to express that future actions are being considered. It can be used in a question to ask for permission.

Like could and would, might can also be used in polite requests and suggestions. The auxiliaries could, would and might can be used to express differing degrees of politeness. Thus, might expresses the highest degree of politeness.


Could is used to express ability. It is also used to express beliefs about situations. Could can be used to make requests.

I could speak English.

He couldn’t have left already; why would he want to get there so early?

Could you pass me the cheese?

e.g.

1. I don’t know, I choose to spend a year in Paris — or perhaps I go to Kenya.

2. You try the Cajun Catfish — or perhaps the Gumbo. They’re both delicious.

3. Sure, you like a salad with that?

4. We return the video before the video rental store closes.

PracticeComplete the following sentences using would, should, could or might.

might______


might______

could______

would_______

should_______

5. I suggest a stroll after lunch?

6. He go in spite of our warnings.

Might______

would_______

I needn’t have prepared all that food.

They phoned to say they wouldn’t be coming.

When I got home from the bakery, I found we still had plenty of bread, so I needn’t have bought a loaf.

Both these patterns are used to talk about past events. “Needn’t have done something” means that something was not necessary under circumstances where it was done.e.g.


We had plenty of petrol in the tank, so I didn’t need to fill up.

We didn’t need to wait for long for them. They arrived just after us.

e.g.


“Didn’t need to do something” means that there was no necessity to do something. And the thing was not done.

1. You (carry) it home. If you had asked, the shop would have delivered it for you.

2. We (hurry). There was plenty of time.3. You (wash) the dishes. I would’ve pu

t them in the dishwasher.4. You (write) such a long essay. The teac

her only asked for 300 words ， and you have written 600.

PracticeComplete the following sentences with needn’t have done or didn’t need to do.

needn’t have carried_______________________


didn’t need to hurry_______________________

needn’t have washed_______________________

needn’t have written_______________________


5. I (translate) it for him for he understood Dutch.

6. I (cut) the grass myself. My brother did it.

didn’t need to translate__________________________

didn’t need to cut_____________________

1. For some, it was a matter of geography ---not just which tower they worked in or on which floor, but in which corner of the building.

对某些人来说，生死攸关的是此时此刻他们所在的位置—不仅仅是哪栋楼，哪一层，更重要的是大楼的哪个角落。


Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

2. In the noise ,smoke and sparks, Mayblum did not realized that his friend Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time.

周围噪声震耳，烟雾弥漫，火星四溅，梅布朗姆没有意识到，他的朋友朱洪始终就在他身后的楼梯井里。



3. Piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape; Harry was on 87when the plane hit..

她一点一点拼出了哈里逃生的场景：飞机撞击大楼时，他正在 87 楼。



4. But as hard as she tried, as many questions ask she, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor.

尽管她竭尽努力，问了许许多多的问题，她拼出的逃生的景象还是在 36 楼逐渐模糊了。（定格在了 36楼）




Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。 (illusion)

Thanks to modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves.

2. 在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存下来。 (devastate)

That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived.


The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake.

3. 他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。

4 ．那场大地震中，我们听到太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。 (leave behind)


In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives.

4 ．豫园的建造始于 1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。 (off and on)


The construction of Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was completed until 1578 because building went of and on for lack of money.

• 　豫园座落于上海黄浦区，是明朝时期的私人花园。它建于 1559 年，充分体现了中国古典园林的建筑与设计风格。园内有 1853 年小刀会起义的指挥所点春堂。豫园于 1961 年开始对公众开放

• 豫园园主潘允端 , 是明刑部尚书潘恩之子。嘉靖三十八年 (1559年 ),潘允端以举人应礼部会考落第，萌动建园之念，在上海城厢内城隍庙西北隅 (今安仁街东的梧桐路、马园弄一带 )家宅世春堂西的大片菜畦上“稍稍聚石凿池，构亭艺竹”，动工造园。嘉靖四十一年，潘允端出仕外地，无暇顾及建园

• 　　万历五年 (1577 年 ),潘允端自四川布政司解职回乡，便集中精力再度经营扩修此园，万历末年竣工，总面积称 70余亩。潘允端在《豫园记》中注明“匾曰‘豫园’，取愉悦老亲意也”。“豫”，有“安泰”、“平安”之意。足见潘允端建园目的是让父母在园中安度晚年。但因时日久拖，潘恩在园刚建成时便亡故，豫园实际成为潘允端自己退隐享乐之所。

6. 1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。 (meet up with)


In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree.

7 ．这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。(find one`s way to)


It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm.

8 ．在电影节要达到顶峰是非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了 (make it) 。


It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it.


Dictation

Cloze


Dictation You will hear a passage read three times. At

the first reading, you should listen carefully for its general idea. At the second reading, you are required to write down the exact words you have just heard (with proper punctuation). At the third reading, you should check what you have written down.


With hope of finding more survivors / of Turkey’s devastating earthquake / now all but gone, / the Turkish authorities are turning their attention / to caring for those who have survived. A full-scale relief effort / in the area hit by the earthquake / is finally beginning after days of confusion. / Turkish and foreign volunteers / have been joined by soldiers and the police, / and heavy equipment /sent by nearby cities and by private companies / has been moved to almost every victimized town.


The Minister of Housing estimated that / 60,000 buildings had been either destroyed / or seriously damaged in the quake. / It is hoped that / within a few days, / many of the homeless / will be moved / out of the fields and tents / where they are now living. / 42 countries and 38 international organizations / have sent aid to Turkey. / The World Bank had sent $200 million / for housing construction.

Life in Darwin (in the far north of Australia) had always been free and easy. From May to October, the weather was the best. Tourists arrived in large numbers from the south to (1) the winter cold. However, on 24 December 1974, the local television and radio stations warned (2) a cyclone, which the weathermen had (3) Tracy, moving rapidly nearer Darwin. At two minutes before midnight, the radio gave out a short message. There seemed (4) doubt that Cyclone Tracy was moving towards Darwin. Within minutes people were

escape________

of / about _____________

named / called __________________


little / no ____________

running screaming into the dark streets. Tall office buildings and hotels (5) to the ground. Cars parked in the streets were blown (6) and over until every bit of metal was bent. At Darwin’s railway (7) , trains were thrown into the air (8) if they were toys. The rails were torn up from the (9) and bent into different shapes. All the (10) the cyclone was moaning and roaring.

When Cyclone Tracy finally (11) Darwin, there was a strange silence throughout the city. Everyone waited, (12) the storm to turn round and come back to make (13) that all the buildings were knocked to the ground.


fell____

over_____

station________

time ______

as___

expecting___________

ground________

left _____

sure_____

The city was so badly hit that it was decided to bring in bulldozers to knock (14) whatever was left standing. The only thing to do was start from the beginning and (15) the whole city.


down______

rebuild________


escape________

of / about _____________

named / called __________________

little / no ____________

What will you do if there is something dangerous?



escape________

of / about _____________

named / called __________________

little / no ____________


Here a preposition is needed to collocate with “warn”.


escape________

of / about _____________

named / called __________________

little / no ____________


A negative word is needed here.

running screaming into the dark streets. Tall office buildings and hotels (5) to the ground. Cars parked in the streets were blown (6) and over until every bit of metal was bent. At Darwin’s railway (7) , trains were thrown into the air (8) if they were toys. The rails were torn up from the (9) and bent into different shapes. All the (10) the cyclone was moaning and roaring.

When Cyclone Tracy finally (11) Darwin, there was a strange silence throughout the city. Everyone waited, (12) the storm to turn round and come back to make (13) that all the buildings were knocked to the ground.

fell____

over_____

station________

time ______

as___

expecting___________

ground________

left _____

sure_____


A word which collocates with “all the” is needed here.

The city was so badly hit that it was decided to bring in bulldozers to knock (14) whatever was left standing. The only thing to do was start from the beginning and (15) the whole city.

down______

rebuild________


When your old house was knocked to the ground in a disaster, what will you do?


Giving a talk

Having a discussion

The incident in the text is related from the third-person point of view. Now recount part of the story from the first-person point of view. First, imagine yourself to be Adam Mayblum and recall your escape on that morning from your office from the 87th floor in the World Trade Center to the 53rd floor. You could begin your narration with “As usual, I was watching the drawstrings of the window shades swaying slightly on that bright, sunny September morning, thinking what a powerful and steady building



this was, when all of a sudden I heard a rumble and the drawstrings were not swaying but careening wildly. I knew immediately that something unusual was happening.”

Then ask one of your classmates to play the role of Hong Zhu and narrate his experience from the 53rd floor to the sorrowful moment when he left Ramos and the heavyset man on the 36th floor. He could begin his narration with “When I got to the 53rd floor, I came across Harry Ramos, who was offering to help a heavyset man. I joined him in his rescue.”For reference


1) You may want to use the following words or expressions in your description:

attack, hit, lash, drawstring, rumble, careen, cast into, find one’s way to, dilemma, descent, elevator, flight, noise, smoke, spark, in a mass, scared, hopeless, run, escape, hurry down, help


2) You may find the following outline helpful for your recounting as you act as Adam Mayblum:

— Sparks bit at my ankles as I raced for the stairs … I couldn’t find Hong Zhu …

— I hurried down again and made it to the 78th floor. There I saw Ramos …

— I continued my descent. On the 53rd floor, I came across a heavyset man whose legs just wouldn’t move anymore … I shouted at him …


3) You may find the following outline helpful for your recounting as you act as Hong Zhu:— When we were been hit, I couldn’t catch up with M

ayblum. I hurried down to the 53rd floor and there I met Harry Ramos who was helping a heavyset man. I joined him.

— For the sake of safety, I tested the elevator … Ramos and I helped the man get to the 44th floor …

— The elevator couldn’t move any more. We had to take the stairs …

— When we arrived at the 36th floor, a fireman ran up to us and persuaded us to run without the heavyset man … I left finally, but Ramos insisted on staying with the man …

The text tells us a moving story about the heroic deeds of some people who tried to save other people’s lives at the risk of their own in the September 11 terrorist attacks. Similar deeds that have occurred in China have also been reported by the mass media, notably in such natural disasters as the Wenchuan earthquake that happened on May 12, 2008. Talk with your partner about some heroic deeds you have heard of or read about. Critical moments in our lives are touchstones of our morality. Some people at such moments would act very differently from Mayblum, Hong



and Ramos. Some would go even so far as to try to make a profit from others’ adversities. You could also comment on the behavior of these people in your discussion.

For reference

I think millions of people will remember one heroic teacher in Wenchuan earthquake forever and have likened him to majestic eagle: Tan Qianqiu, who was found under rubble with both arms extended, shielding four students from being crushed under a desk. The four children were saved, but Tan, 51, left his wife and two daughters forever. I am deeply moved by Tan’s deed. This was his ultimate sacrifice. His heroism was characteristic of the man. We shall forever remember the eternal moment. His extending arms carry the full meaning of his profession and great love.


Viewpoints for reference:

•


• I am very angry at those who at such critical moments tried to make a profit from others’ adversities. It was reported in the disaster of Wenchuan earthquake that some people took advantage of others’ misfortune and stole their neighbors’ property. It was also reported that some who didn’t live in quake-stricken areas were assembled to take relief goods for the victims of the earthquake. At such critical moments, they totally forgot their countrymen who were in extreme misery and they were so selfish! What a shame!


Paragraph development — Grouping details

Brainstorming is an effort to make a list of everything you can think of about your topic, including facts, ideas, examples, questions, or feelings. Concentrate on generating key words or phrases, not sentences. Once you stop brainstorming, go through the list, looking for related ideas, patterns or one central idea that might interest you.

• dark hair, combed back but fairly short and not too wavy

• His eyes have a sort of half-twinkling, half-questioning look

• likes to wear dark shirts• tall for his age• tends to walk with his shoulders back and chin

stuck out in front


Practice: Write three paragraphs that respectively focus on Chandler’s looks, character, and interests. Feel free to add details about this imaginary student.

1. Chandler’s looks Ideas for reference:


Chandler’s unusual appearance helps me to recognize him from a hundred yards away. He tends to walk with his shoulders back and chin stuck out in front, and he is quite tall for his age, which makes him stand out among his classmates. His dark hair is always combed back but is fairly short and not too wavy, and his eyes have a sort of half-twinkling, half-questioning look. He likes to wear dark shirts.

Sample:


• is friendly to newcomers but does not go out of his way to make new friends

• lets other people start the conversation• likes to hum or whistle as he walks• likes to laugh at other peoples’ jokes but seldom

tells any himself• looks politely bored in class

2. Chandler’s character Ideas for reference:


Chandler is not very outgoing. He is friendly to newcomers but does not go out of his way to make new friends. When with people, he lets others start the conversation, and will laugh at their jokes but seldom tells any himself. He seldom sings songs in public, only humming or whistling alone as he walks. Even when he feels bored in class, he will show it with politeness.

Sample:


• collects stamps• does not go in much for sports• hates math• is good at making posters• plays trumpet in the band• spends hours at home playing records

3. Chandler’s interests Ideas for reference:


Chandler is the artistic rather than athletic or intellectual type. He likes collecting stamps and enjoys making posters. Favoring music, he often spends hours at home playing records. He also plays trumpet in the band. In contrast, he hates math very much and does not go in much for sports either.

Sample:

You are going to hear three young Americans talking about their feelings about the Sept. 11 attacks.


A. Listen for the first time. Note down the key adjectives that are used to describe the situation and the speaker’s feelings.

1st speaker:

2nd speaker:

addicted; heart-wrenching; desperate; unspeakable____________________________________________________________________

important; terrible; overwhelming; overbearing; speechless____________________________________________________________________


3rd speaker:saddened; numb; scared; devastated; unreal; unbelievable; crushed; anxious; shocked; grieving; powerless

___________________________________

___________________________________

________________________________

find

… walking across in the beautiful glow of , seeing the boats through the East River, and the mighty run on their rivers of steel, well, I managed to . Maybe that’s what I need, just the idea that , albeit much different than .

the bridge ____________


the sunset ____________

B. Listen again. Complete the following passages with the words you hear on the recording.1st speaker:

cut waves ____________

subway trains ________________

some inspiration _____

__________________

life will go on ________________

we could ever imagine __________________________


When I was watching it happen on TV, I kept thinking about . Nothing this important has happened . No matter what this may , we will have this terrible ordeal. For the first time in my life I felt for my country, to protect it … I’ll always remember this. This will be a part of me. .

2nd speaker:

how this was history _______________________

to my generation ____________________

lead to _________

gone through _______________

overwhelming love ____________________

the desire ____________

History in the making ________________________


My art teacher decided that we are starting a new art project called the “ ”. You use your in your art, although most art is like that. I have an idea. And I think my picture will I want it to make. I am anxious to start. I want to see . I want to see . Pictures will say ...

3rd speaker:

art of healing_________________

personal feelings __________________

make the impact __________________

the people’sexpressions

______________

_____________ emotion_________

what words cannot _____________________

1st speaker: I’m still addicted to the news coverage, even though it’s filled with absolutely heart-wrenching coverage of desperate people trying to find their missing loved ones, doing anything possible trying to find them. The unspeakable horror lies only seven miles away from where I’m sitting. I thought that getting out of the house might help, maybe meeting up with a few friends. I wanted to walk over the Brooklyn Bridge, but the police had it cordoned off. So, instead, I found my way to the Manhattan Bridge, with its pedestrian walkway. I expected to be filled with



more grief upon the clearer sight of the lack of the Twin Towers. I don’t know, though, walking across the bridge in the beautiful glow of the sunset, seeing the boats cut waves through the East River, and the mighty subway trains run on their rivers of steel, well, I managed to find some inspiration. Maybe that’s what I need, just the idea that life will go on, albeit much different than we could ever imagine. And when the No. 6 train roared into the Canal Street Station, well, I felt that much better. The terrorists couldn’t stop New York, nobody can. And for that matter, nobody will stop the United States.


2nd speaker: When I was watching it happen on TV, I kept thinking about how this was history. Nothing this important has happened to my generation. No matter what this may lead to, we will have gone through this terrible ordeal. For the first time in my life I felt overwhelming love for my country, the desire to protect it. I thought about my parents, and grandparents, and each generation before that. Everyone remembers where they were, exactly what they did and felt, when we went to war with Vietnam, or Pearl Harbor was bombed. I’ll always remember this. This will be a part of me. History in the making.


For now I have my TV turned off. I have heard all I can stand to hear. I have seen all I can take. This digs at my soul. This makes my heart ache, and I still cry. So much violence, so many dead. So many questions. It’s overbearing. I’m speechless.3rd speaker: I am saddened. I am numb. I am scared. I am devastated. It all seems unreal, totally unbelievable. My heart just gets crushed whenever I think of what it must have been like for those people who died. The ones in the hijacked planes, or the ones who jumped out of the Trade Center buildings before they crashed to the ground. It hurts to imagine it, to try to fathom what happened.


My art teacher decided that we are starting a new art project called the “art of healing.” You use your personal feelings in your art, although most art is like that. I have an idea. And I think my picture will make the impact I want it to make. I am anxious to start. I want to see the people’s expressions. I want to see emotion. Pictures will say what words cannot ... I refuse to live in fear, but I’m shocked and grieving and feeling so powerless.


1st speaker: I’m still addicted to the news coverage, even though it’s filled with absolutely heart-wrenching coverage of desperate people trying to find their missing loved ones, doing anything possible trying to find them. The unspeakable horror lies only seven miles away from where I’m sitting. I thought that getting out of the house might help, maybe meeting up with a few friends. I wanted to walk over the Brooklyn Bridge, but the police had it cordoned off. So, instead, I found my way to the Manhattan Bridge, with its pedestrian walkway. I expected to be filled with


more grief upon the clearer sight of the lack of the Twin Towers. I don’t know, though, walking across the bridge in the beautiful glow of the sunset, seeing the boats cut waves through the East River, and the mighty subway trains run on their rivers of steel, well, I managed to find some inspiration. Maybe that’s what I need, just the idea that life will go on, albeit much different than we could ever imagine. And when the No. 6 train roared into the Canal Street Station, well, I felt that much better. The terrorists couldn’t stop New York, nobody can. And for that matter, nobody will stop the United States.


2nd speaker: When I was watching it happen on TV, I kept thinking about how this was history. Nothing this important has happened to my generation. No matter what this may lead to, we will have gone through this terrible ordeal. For the first time in my life I felt overwhelming love for my country, the desire to protect it. I thought about my parents, and grandparents, and each generation before that. Everyone remembers where they were, exactly what they did and felt, when we went to war with Vietnam, or Pearl Harbor was bombed. I’ll always remember this. This will be a part of me. History in the making.


For now I have my TV turned off. I have heard all I can stand to hear. I have seen all I can take. This digs at my soul. This makes my heart ache, and I still cry. So much violence, so many dead. So many questions. It’s overbearing. I’m speechless.3rd speaker: I am saddened. I am numb. I am scared. I am devastated. It all seems unreal, totally unbelievable. My heart just gets crushed whenever I think of what it must have been like for those people who died. The ones in the hijacked planes, or the ones who jumped out of the Trade Center buildings before they crashed to the ground. It hurts to imagine it, to try to fathom what happened.


My art teacher decided that we are starting a new art project called the “art of healing.” You use your personal feelings in your art, although most art is like that. I have an idea. And I think my picture will make the impact I want it to make. I am anxious to start. I want to see the people’s expressions. I want to see emotion. Pictures will say what words cannot ... I refuse to live in fear, but I’m shocked and grieving and feeling so powerless.

Text II Memorable quotes

Lead-in questions

Text

Questions for discussion

What do you think of the skyscrapers shooting up in the city with the urban development?


Rethinking SkyscrapersJerkily Watson

Most of the world’s tall buildings, called skyscrapers, are in the United States. However, the recent terrorist attacks have caused some Americans to worry about the safety of these extremely tall buildings. For almost 30 years, the World Trade Center stood more than 410 meters above New York City’s financial center. The two towers of the Center were the tallest buildings in the city. They had more than 100 levels. Then on the morning of September 11th, two hijacked airplanes struck the buildings.


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Many people died immediately in explosions and fires. Others ran down many levels of steps in an effort to escape the buildings. Others waited for help in their offices. Then, one after another, both buildings fell. The collapse of the towers killed thousands of people. It also wrecked or damaged surrounding buildings.

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Engineers from the state of Illinois soon will investigate the collapse of the buildings for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Their early study, however, shows that the buildings held up well. One tower remained standing for about forty-seven minutes after the plane hit it. The other tower stayed up for about one hour and forty minutes after it was struck. The fact that the towers stayed up as long as they did permitted many people to escape.

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Several experts have said no building could have resisted the attacks. The terrorists meant to cause the largest explosions and the hottest fires possible. So they hijacked planes heavily loaded with fuel. The heat from the burning fuel weakened the steel structure of the towers. These fires burned far hotter than fires used to test building materials. They also burned longer. The intense heat caused the upper levels of the buildings to fall. Then the lower levels also fell.

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Some pieces of building wreckage caused destruction in the area. Mainly, however, the towers imploded and fell down in their own space. Several engineers praised the World Trade Center for this. Many more people would have died if the buildings had fallen to the side. Officials say the wreckage will take months to clear. After the attacks, broken glass and smoking metal lay 12 meters above the ground. The World Trade Center had contained 200,000 tons of steel. It also had 43,000 windows.

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About 50,000 people worked in the World Trade Center. Some estimates say as many as 90,000 people passed through it on some days. The towers represented business and trade in the biggest city in America. Many people throughout the world recognized pictures of the World Trade Center against the skies of New York.

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People in New York are discussing ways to remember the World Trade Center and the people who died in the attack. Several artists and building designers suggest a memorial called Towers of Light. The arts group Creative Time proposes forming two towers of light in the shape of the fallen buildings. These lights would reach toward the sky. The artists currently are researching methods that could produce lighting with such power.

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Businessman Larry Silverstein currently controls use of the World Trade Center property. Mr. Silverstein says he will rebuild the Center. However, it is unclear what the new center will be like. Some architects have suggested creating four shorter buildings. These structures would have about 50 levels. A park between the buildings would contain a memorial to victims of the attack.

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Other New York citizens called for rebuilding the World Trade Center as it was. For example, former mayor Ed Koch urged replacement of the two skyscrapers. He said this would show the terrorists that New York remained undefeated. However, some city planners believe such extremely tall structures should not be replaced. Instead, some experts advise copying other New York buildings that are not as tall.

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The Urban Land Institute is a research and educational organization for planners and building designers. Some members believe skyscrapers waste space. These experts say some buildings use their lower levels mainly to get people to the upper levels. Some experts also believe the office needs of businesses are changing. Most large companies now have their headquarters in skyscrapers. This permits their employees to work together in one place. However, employees today can communicate easily though electronic mail and other technology. So some planners believe there will be less need for skyscrapers in the future.


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The Empire State Building is now the tallest building in New York City. It was built in 1931. It was the tallest building in the world for more than 40 years. It still is one of the most popular. Thousands of millions of visitors have seen New York from observation areas in this building. Some Americans now say they are worried about the Empire State Building. However, a wealthy New York property owner has offered as much as 57 million dollars to buy it. He says he believes fear of skyscrapers will be temporary.


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Many of American skyscrapers have increased safety measures since the terrorist attacks. Owners have placed barriers around the buildings at street level. Security devices and guards examine people who enter the buildings. Building occupants are receiving information about what to do in an emergency. Skyscrapers were invented in the United States. As early as the 1880s, two new technical developments made these taller buildings possible. One development was the mechanical elevator. It meant that people would not have to climb many steps to reach the upper floors of tall buildings. The development of steel also helped make taller buildings possible.


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The first skyscraper was built in Chicago, Illinois in 1885. The Home Insurance Building was almost 55 meters tall. Chicago became home to the world’s tallest buildings in 1973 when the Sears Tower was built. It is 442 meters tall. The Sears Tower was the tallest building in the world for 23 years. Then, in 1996, two taller buildings were completed. They are the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. They are about 452 meters tall.


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Recently, businessman Donald Trump proposed another very tall building for Chicago. Mr. Trump and the owners of the Chicago Sun-Times newspaper wanted to build a structure 457 meters high along the Chicago River. Mr. Trump and the newspaper owners have been seeking more money for the project. Now, however, it is unclear if they will continue proposing such a big skyscraper. Developers in China want to build the tallest skyscraper ever. They are planning an International Financial Center for Shanghai. The Center is to be more than 487 meters tall.


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The building would have several safety measures not included in the World Trade Center buildings. For example, the areas containing steps would be wider than those in the World Trade Center. Areas called refuge floors would be placed every ten to twelve levels. These open-air places are designed to protect people from smoke. They are legally required in China and some other Asian countries. Experts say there is almost no engineering limit to the height a skyscraper can be. Still, people’s feelings may limit the size of skyscrapers in the future.


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For example, a New York City stock trader works in an office high in a skyscraper. He said he once liked to look out his office window and see the other tall buildings of the city. But his feelings have changed since the terrorist attacks. Now, he says, he would like to work much closer to the ground.


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… the buildings held up well. : … the buildings stayed in a reasonably good condition after it was struck.

… the towers imploded and fell down in their own space. : … the towers burst inward instead of outward and fell down in their own space.


the Empire State Building: The Empire State Building is a 102-storey Art Deco skyscraper in New York City at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street. It stood as the world’s tallest building for more than 40 years, from its completion in 1931 until construction of the World Trade Center’s North Tower was completed in 1972. The Empire State Building was named by the American Society of Civil Engineers as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.



the Sears Tower: Standing at 1,450 feet and 110 storeys high, Sears Tower is the tallest building in North America. Offering more than 3.8 million square feet of office and retail space, Sears Tower is the business location in Chicago.


Petronas Towers: Kuala Lumpur, being the capital of Malaysia, is full of high-rise buildings and skyscrapers. Petronas Towers, the tallest in the world with the height of 1,438 ft, are located there.

Donald Trump: He was born in 1946 and is a billionaire real estate developer that has massed a fortune through owning key New York properties (e.g. Trump Towers) and Atlantic City casinos. Donald Trump took over his father’s New York real estate business and by the 1970s had fashioned himself a deal-maker in Manhattan.



an International Financial Centre for Shanghai: It refers to the skyscraper officially known as the Shanghai World Financial Centre, abbreviated as SWFC. It is a 101-storey supertall skyscraper with multiple functions, located in the Lujiazui Financial District, Shanghai, China. Its foundation stone was laid on August 27, 1997. Because of fund shortage caused by the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, its construction was delayed, and was not completed until September 14, 2007, on which day the skyscraper was topped out at 492 meters. It is currently the world’s third tallest completed building


by roof. On August 28, 2008, the SWFC officially opened for business. On August 30 the Observation Deck opened with a view from 3 levels. The highest view is at 474 meters above sea level.

1. What was special about the World Trade Center in New York?The World Trade Centre, a symbol of New York, was the tallest building in the city with more than 100 levels. Its sturdy structure was shown by the fact that it remained standing for a fairly long time after it was hit in the September 11 attacks. Besides, when it did fall down, it collapsed within its own space.


2. What makes Americans feel uneasy about extremely tall buildings?

The September 11 attacks make them worry about the safety of extremely tall buildings.

Some think skyscrapers are only a waste of space; others do not think skyscrapers are a must any more, as modern technology enables employees to communicate easily without having to work in their headquarters in skyscrapers.

3. What do some experts think of skyscrapers now? What’s your idea about skyscrapers?



Four ways of restoring the World Trade Center are mentioned in the text: 1. putting up a memorial called Towers of Light; 2. rebuilding the Centre, but it’s unclear what the new one will be like; 3. creating four shorter buildings of about 50 levels with a memorial to victims of the attack in a park between these buildings; 4. rebuilding the World Trade Center as it was. On the other hand, however, some city planners believe that such tall structures should not be replaced at all. Instead, some experts advise

4. How many ways of restoring the World Trade Centre are mentioned in the passage? Which of them do you think is the best one? Why?


copying other New York buildings that are not as tall. Personally I think the last alternative, i.e. not replacing such skyscrapers at all, is the best choice, not only because it seems to be safer, but also because we are closer to our Mother Earth when we live and work in lower buildings.

Read the following quotes and find out the meaning of life implicated by them.


1. But whether on the scaffold highOr in the battle’s van,The fittest place where man can dieIs where he dies for man!

— Michael J. Barry

The most suitable way for man to die is to die for the mankind no matter he is sentenced to death on the scaffold or dies in the battlefield.

Humanity has undergone sad suffering, and deep in great pain are you who long for the future, but are afraid to die. Although you are painfully tested, be patient with life.

2. O suffering, sad humanity!O ye afflicted ones, who lieSteeped to the lips in misery,Longing, yet afraid to die,Patient, thou sorely tried!

— Henry Wadsworth Longfellow


Michael Joseph Barry (1817 –1889) was an Irish poet, author, and political figure.


Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807 – 1882) was an American educator and poet. This quotation is taken from his “The Goblet of Life” which is about how to live our life to the fullest.


Documents

Unit1