GrammarUNIT1

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

She is Yaya.She is an actress.She works for channel 3.She drives a Brio car.

She is smiling. She is driving a car. She is singing songs. She is going to The Mall.

S + V1 (s/es)- I teach English.

- You study English.- She works for IBM. - He drives to work. He/She/ It + v1 (s/es)I/You/We/They + v1

S + V.to be + v-ing- I am teaching

English.- You are studying

English.- She is working now. - He is driving to work. I am (I’m), He, She, It is You, We, They are

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS STRUCTURE

S + do/does not + v 1- I don’t teach English.

- You don’t study English.- She doesn’t work for

IBM. - He doesn’t drive to

work. He/She/ It + doesn’tI/You/We/They + don’t

S + V.to be + not + v-ing- I’m not teaching

English.- You aren’t studying

English.- She isn’t working now. - He isn’t driving to

work.

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS STRUCTURE

Do/Does + S + V1 ?- Does she work for

IBM?- Does he drive to

work?- Do they study

English?Yes, they do.No, they don’t.

V.to be + S + v-ing ?- Are they studying

English?- Is she working

now?- Is he driving?

Yes, he is.No, he isn’t.

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS STRUCTURE

- works, lives- washes, watches,

passes, fixes, goes- cries- have – has- do - does

- working, walking- living, writing- running,

swimming - eating, kicking- playing, going

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS STRUCTURE

Routine

Jame works for BBC News. Everyday he writes English news.

Moment of speaking

Jame is working at the BBC office now. He is writing news at the moment

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE

Permanent/fact

- The moon goes round the earth.

- Sugar is sweet.

Temporary

Jame is preparing for the final exam. He is reading now.

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE

Permanent/Fact

- The moon goes round the earth.

- Sugar is sweet.

Near the future

- I’m not going to party tonight.

- She’s meeting her friends after work.

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE

Keywords

- everyday, every month

- Adverb of frequency : always, usually, sometimes, often, never

Keywords

- now- at the moment

Present Simple Present Cont.

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE

Verbs of thinking: believe, doubt, guess, imagine, know, realize, suppose, understand

Verbs of the senses: hear, smell, sound, taste

Verbs of possession: belong to, have (meaning possess), own, possess

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

STATIVE VERBS

Verbs of emotion: dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish

Verbs of appearance: appear, seem

Others: contain, depend on, include, involve, mean, measure, weigh, require

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

STATIVE VERBS

Conditional Sentences

Structure :A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts :If-clause + Main Clause

Example :

If I have an important exam, I study a lot.

If-clause Main Clause

Zero Conditional: If /when + present tense ….. / modal

Water boils if it reaches 100 “C.

Conditional Sentences

ZERO CONDITIONALS

Tense :Present tense in both clauses

Example :

If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

If you pour oil into water, it floats.

Present Tense Present Tense

ZERO CONDITIONALS

Use : Talk about universal truth.

If you heat ice, it turns to water

To give commandsIf you are tired, go to bed!

In this case the verb in the main clause is an Imperative