UNIT 5CHAPTER 20 – POSTWAR SOCIAL CHANGECHAPTER 21 – POLITICS AND PROSPERITY

THE ROARIN 20’s

OBJECTIVES• CORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the social, political, and economic impacts on the United States after World War I.• Objective 5.2: How did mass media, jazz, and

literature affect American life in the 1920’s?

• THEME:

PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES

• George Washington; Federalist (1788)• John Adams; Federalist (1796)• Thomas Jefferson (1800)• James Madison (1808)• James Monroe (1816)• John Quincy Adams (1824)• Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828)• Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836)• William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840)• John Tyler; Whig (1841)• James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)• Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)• Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)• Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)• James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)• Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)• Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)• Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)• Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)• James Garfield; Republican (1880)

#21 - …Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)William McKinley; Republican (1896)Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901)William Howard Taft; Republican (1908)Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1912)Warren G. Harding; Republican (1920)Calvin Coolidge; Republican (1923)Herbert Hoover; Republican (1928)

America: Pathways to the PresentAmerica: Pathways to the Present

Section 1: Society in the 1920s

Section 2: Mass Media and the Jazz Age

Section 3: Cultural Conflicts

Chapter 20: Postwar Social Change (1920–1929)

MASS MEDIA AND THE JAZZ AGE

CHAPTER 20 SECTION 2

THE MASS MEDIA• Mass Media, methods for communicating

with large numbers of people, helped form a common American popular culture during the 1920’s.• The popularity of motion pictures grew

throughout the 1920s; “talkies,” or movies with sound, were introduced in 1927.• Newspapers grew in both size and circulation. • Tabloids, compact papers which replaced serious

news with entertainment, became popular. • Magazines also became widely read.

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SILENT FILM!

• Charlie Chaplin• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpjEyBKSfJQ• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bp3uGJu-kIE

• Disney’s Oswald the Lucky Rabbit• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbMW51SLFX8&list=PL124468B90E7A43EC

THE JAZZ AGE• Jazz, a style of music that grew out of the

African American music of the South, became highly popular during the 1920’s.• Harlem, a district in Manhattan, New York, became a center of

jazz music.• A purely American creation, relied on traditional themes from

southern communities and improvisation. • Spread throughout America and be adopted by white musicians

and audiences.

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Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg/250px-

Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg

The Jazz Age is a period in the 1920’s when jazz and dance became popular

The spread of jazz was encouraged by the introduction of large-scale radio broadcasts in 1922

THE CHARLESTON

• Flappers and others heard jazz in clubs and dance halls; the Charleston, considered by some to be a wild and reckless dance, embodied the Jazz Age.

THE LOST GENERATIONGertrude Stein remarked to Ernest

Hemingway that he and other American writers were all a “Lost Generation”

• Writers who disconnected from their country and its values. Soon, this term was taken up by the flappers as well.

The Lost Generation

Chillin’ At A Cafe

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americannovel/timeline/images/

lostgeneration.jpg

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• Nickname given to a group of American writers after World War I.

• Critical of American society for it’s WWI values and materialism• Disillusioned by the society and politics of the

1920s.

THE LOST GENERATIONBACKGROUND

• Flocked to Paris or Greenwich Village, NY to live cheaply and create.• Wanted to “escape

the conspiracy against the individual.”

Entering Greenwich Villagehttp://ephemeralnewyork.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/

washingtonarch.jpg

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THE LOST GENERATIONF. SCOTT FITZGERALD

• From Minnesota, attended Princeton, and served in World War I.• The Great Gatsby, 1925.• Most famous work of

Fitzgerald, described the life a modern millionaire as being coarse, unscrupulous, and in love with another man’s wife.• Wastes his money on

parties and women.F. Scott Fitzgeraldhttp://10cities10years.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/f-scott-fitzgerald.jpg

THE LOST GENERATIONERNEST HEMINGWAY: A FAREWELL

TO ARMS• Considered one of the greatest

American novels ever.• Discussed the confusion and

horrors of World War I.• Summed up in the following

passage: “I was embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, and sacrifice…We had…read them, on proclamations, now for a long time, and I had seen nothing sacred, and the things that were glorious had no glory and the sacrifices were like the stockyards in Chicago, if nothing was done with the meat except to bury it….Abstract words such as glory, honor, courage were obscene.”

Hemingway In The

Spanish Civil War

http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/fall01/jamieson/

rifle.jpg

THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE

• In addition to being a center of jazz, Harlem emerged as an overall cultural center for African Americans.

• An African American literary awakening took place in Harlem in the 1920s that was known as the Harlem Renaissance.

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The Famous Cotton Club

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xEehooYC6Rk/TA8kJPDzd-I/

AAAAAAAACYU/jbiZjTgXYbY/s1600/cottoncb.jpg

• Why Harlem?• Largest African American city

in the world, would become the cultural capital of African Americans, as well as a place for Whites to flock to experience jazz and other forms of African-American culture.

HARLEM RENAISSANCEIMPACT OF GHETTO LIFE

• Even though life was hard, it did produce some advantages.• Enabled African-Americans to

elect representatives of their own by having one solid voting block.

• Stimulated self-confidence, offering economic opportunity, political rights, and freedom.

• A “black world” where African-Americans could act like themselves and develop their own culture.

Harlem Ghetto In The 1920shttp://media.tumblr.com/tumblr_ljfxwjAHUj1qf4u8p.jpg

WHAT DID THEY WRITE ABOUT?

• Expressed a range of emotions from bitterness to joy and hope.

• Expressing the joys and challenges of being African American• Writers such as James

Weldon Johnson, Zora Neale Hurston, and Langston Hughes enriched African American culture as well as American culture as a whole.

Langston Hugheshttp://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1OwcuI9Xi7A/TwpH5If4qEI/AAAAAAAAESI/SqyzXsiPKOo/s1600/

Langston%2BHughes.jpg

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MASS MEDIA AND THE JAZZ AGE—

ASSESSMENTWhich of these best describes how the growth of mass media affected American culture?

(A) It allowed local cultural traditions to flourish.(B) It made learning the Charleston easier.(C) It spread the work of Lost Generation writers.(D) It helped create a common American popular culture.

What was the Harlem Renaissance?(A) A style of jazz music(B) An African American literary awakening(C) An increase in the popularity of newspapers and

magazines (D) A type of jazz club found in Harlem

MASS MEDIA AND THE JAZZ AGE—

ASSESSMENTWhich of these best describes how the growth of mass media affected American culture?

(A) It allowed local cultural traditions to flourish.(B) It made learning the Charleston easier.(C) It spread the work of Lost Generation writers.(D)It helped create a common American popular

culture.

What was the Harlem Renaissance?(A) A style of jazz music(B)An African American literary awakening(C) An increase in the popularity of newspapers and

magazines (D) A type of jazz club found in Harlem