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Three inventions or discoveries that you think are the most important in human history:

1.

2.

3.

Look back into history, we can find a lot of famous inventions which have changed our lives

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Starter

UNIT 2

Papermaking （造纸术）

Gunpowder

（火药）

Compass （指南针）

Printing from

movable Type

（活字印刷术）

UNIT 2

UNIT 2

Main idea

The Text tells the story of the blind young man who invented the Braille system.

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Listen to the tape carefully

UNIT 2

Louis Braille (1809—1852)

Louis Braille was a blind Frenchman who invented the braille system of printing and writing for the blind.

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He Helped the Blind

Jeanne K. Grieser

1 Blind and wanting to read — those were the realities

of Louis Braille’s life. The desire to read easily led to the

Braille system. January 4 is Braille Day. That day honors

the blind. But we should also remember Louis and what

he achieved by age 15.

?

N

N

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Text A

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Language Points

blind a. unable to see 瞎的，盲的 e.g. Love is blind. 　

the blind: the blind people 　盲人

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T

爱情是盲目的。

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1) Why is January 4 named Braille Day?

January 4 is Louis’s birthday; it is named Braille Day to remember Louis and his achievement and to honor the blind.

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UNIT 2

Openingremarks

1 January 4 is Braille

Day in honor of

and

Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

Ⅰthe blind

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Read Text A again and complete the following table.

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Louis Braille

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Reading Analysis

_______

__________.

UNIT 2

2 Louis Braille was born on

January 4, 1809, in France. He

lived with his parents, two olde

r sisters, and one older brother

in a small, stone house in Cou

pvray.

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?

N

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Text A

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2) How many people were there in Louis’s family?

six.

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Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

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Read Text A again and complete the following table.

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Ⅱ

Louis Braille’s invention of Braille system

2

Louis Braille was born on in

January 4,1809

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Reading Analysis

_____________,

France______.

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3 Three-year-old Louis went to his father’s workshop.

Louis’s father was a saddle maker who made items out of

leather. Imitating his father, Louis tried to cut a piece of

leather with a small knife. His hand slipped, and the point of

the knife went into his eye. The doctors took care of him

the best they could, but the injured eye got infected. Then

the infection spread to his good eye. Louis became blind.

?

N

N

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Text A

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imitate vt. copy the speech, actions, etc. of (sb.); take or follow as an example 模仿， 仿效，学…的样 e.g.

He imitates the way his father does things.

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他学他父亲做事的样子。

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slip vi. 滑；滑落；溜；悄悄地走 e.g.

He slipped on the ice.

.

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T 她在冰上滑了一跤。

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injure vt. hurt; harm 伤害；损害

e.g.

He injured his knee when he ran in a long distance race.

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T

他在长跑比赛中摔伤了膝盖

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infect vt. cause (sb./sth.) to be affected (by a disease, germs, etc.) 传染；感染

e.g. His ear got infected and he became deaf.

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T

他的耳朵受到感染，他变聋了。

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3) How did Louis become blind?

He injured his eye with a knife by accident, and the infection made both his eyes blind.

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Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

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3 Louis became blind when he w

as years old.three

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_____

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4 Louis went to a public school and learned by listening

to the teacher. To do his homework, his sister and a friend

read the assignments to him. Soon Louis was at the top of

his class.

?

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Text A

UNIT 2

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4) How could he keep up with studies in school?

Although Louis became blind, he didn’t give up his studies.

He learned by listening to his teacher. And his sister and a

friend read the assignments aloud to him so that he could

do the homework.

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Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

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4Louis went to school and was

at the top of his class

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________________.

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5 One day, the pastor of Louis’s church came to Louis’s

house and told his parents of a school for the blind in Paris.

Louis’s parents decided to send him to the school when

he was nine years old.

?

N

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Text A

UNIT 2

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5) What did Louis’s parents decide to do when he was nine years old?

They decided to send him to a school for the blind in Paris.

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Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

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5Louis’s parents decided to

send him to a school for the blind in Paris__________________________________.

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6 Louis wanted very much to read. The school had only

14 books for blind people; the books were big and heavy.

The letters were large and raised; one book took a long

time to read. Louis thought there must be a better way to

read.

?

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Text A

UNIT 2

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6) What were the books for the blind like in the school in Paris?

They were big and heavy. The letters were large and raised.

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6Louis was not satisfied with the

books for blind people and want

ed a better way to read

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________________

Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

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7 When Louis was 12, Charles Barbier, a French Arm

y officer, came to the school. Barbier developed an alp

habet code used by army soldiers. The code was used t

o deliver messages to the soldiers at night. It was

made up of dots and dashes. It kept the messages

secret even if the enemy would see them, but the code

was too complicated for the blind. Louis thought the cod

e was slow and the dashes took up too much space. Onl

y one or two sentences fit on a page.?

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N

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Text A

UNIT 2

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develop : v. 制订；研制；（使）形成；（使）成 长；（使）发育；发展

They spent a lot of time developing the plan.

e.g.

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T 他们花了很多时间制订这个计划。

Language Points

develop an alphabet code

研制一个密码表

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deliver vt. 传送（信息等）；投递（信件等）； 发表（演说 ) 等

Did you deliver my message to my father?

　

deliver a speech

e.g.

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T 你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗？

T 发表演说

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complicated a.（结构）复杂的；难懂的

a complicated problem

a complicated system

e.g.

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T 复杂的问题

T 复杂的系统

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7) Why was the army code no good for the blind?

It was too complicated; the code was slow and the dashes took up too much space.

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UNIT 2

7The developed

by Charles Barbier did not fit

the blind.

alphabet code

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____________

Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

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8 Over the next three years, Louis worked to simplify

the code. On a vacation at home, Louis, age 15,

picked up a blunt awl. Aha! An idea came to him. He

made the alphabet using only six dots. Different dots were

raised for different letters. Later, he made a system for

numbers and music.

?

N

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Text A

UNIT 2

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8) How does the Braille system work?

The alphabet uses six dots. Different dots are raised for different letters.

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UNIT 2

8 At age , Louis developed his o

wn 　　　　　　　　 on a v

acation at home.

15

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__

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Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

six-dot Braille system_________________

UNIT 2

9 Today, Braille is in nearly every language around the

world. Louis Braille, at age 15, changed the lives of blind

people when he created the six-dot Braille system. It is

fitting that January 4, Louis’s birthday, is considered

Braille Day, in honor of the blind.

N

(454 words)

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Text A

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UNIT 2

Now retell the main idea of the passage by using the information in the table you have completed.

9Louis Braille’s creation changed

the

Ⅲ Closing remarks

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Part Topic Paragraph Main Idea

lives of blind people________________

UNIT 2Parts Main idea

1 January 4 is Braille Day in honor of the blind and Louis Braille

2Louis Braille’sInventions ofBraille system

Louis Braille was born on January 4, 1809, in France

He became blind when he was 3 years old.

Louis went to school and was at the top of the class.

His parents decided to send him to school for the blind in Paris.

Louis wanted a better way to read.

the alphabet code developed by Charles Barbier did not fit the blind.

at age 15, Louis developed his own six-dot Braille system

3 Louis Braille’s creation changed the lives of the blind.

UNIT 2

Role Play

1. After learning the text, we know that Louis is great inventor. He helped the blind with his inventions. As mechanical engineering students, you are also great makers, you can use your abilities to do things for our society and help other people.

2. Make up new dialogues according to our text and your major.

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UNIT 2

Summary & Homework

1 、Ｍ aster new words what we have learnt this class

2 、 Duty report according to these new words.