UniKL MICET FYP IMPLEMENTATION 2014 Prepared by: UniKL MICET FYP COMMITTEE

UniKL MICET FYP IMPLEMENTATION

2014Prepared by: UniKL MICET FYP COMMITTEE

Agenda

Project Implementation

Important Deadlines

Project Assessment

Proposal

Project Planning & Execution

Data Presentation & Discussion

Research Ethics

Thesis Format

Project Implementation Over 1 semester (Diploma),

2 semester (Degree)

Selection of FYP Title and Supervisor

Project Proposal

Project Implementation (rest of semester)

To utilise semester break

Implementation Issues:

A lot of assignments, lab reports, mini-projects, site visits, quizzes and tests during semester;

Project Title not clear; Project has >2 Objectives; Supervisor not contactable; Delays due to:

Broken Equipment, Strong Demand for Equipment, Missing Chemicals, Limited Access to Research Journals, Limited / no access to Company Data

(Confidentiality), Lab not open after working hours;

Be SMART get early START!

Important Dates (FYP 1)

Week 1-14: Progress & Logbook (30%) Consultation with Supervisor at least once a

week

<Week 5: Submission of JHA & RA Form

Week 5-12: Proposal Presentation (35%) Exact Date to be announced by Section FYP

Coordinator.

<Week 15: Submission of Project Proposal

Report (35%)

Important Dates (FYP 2) Week 1-14: Progress & Logbook (20%)

Consultation with Supervisor at least once a week Week 14: Submission Final Draft to

Supervisor and 2nd Examiner for Marking Submission on Date of Presentation, some

Supervisor may required earlier. Week 15: Project Presentation (30%)

Exact Date to be announced by departmental FYP Coordinator;

<Week 18: Submission of Hardcopy corrected Thesis, CD, Poster, Clearance Form, and Library Form to Supervisor (50%) Get Signature of Supervisor before printing the

Hardcopy of corrected Thesis Failure to submit signed Thesis to SV on Time will result

in 30 % Mark Deduction.

Important Dates (FYP Diploma) Week 1-14: Progress & Logbook (20%)

Consultation with Supervisor at least once a week <Week 5: Submission of Proposal

<Week 5: Submission of JHA & RA Form Week 14: Submission Final Draft to Supervisor

and 2nd Examiner for Marking Submission on Date of Presentation, some

Supervisor may required earlier. Week 15: Project Presentation (30%)

Exact Date to be announced by departmental FYP Coordinator;

<Week 18: Submission of Hardcopy corrected Thesis, CD, Clearance Form, and Library Form to Supervisor (50%) Get Signature of Supervisor before printing the Hardcopy of

corrected Thesis Failure to submit signed Thesis to SV on Time will result in

30 % Mark Deduction.

Project Assessment (FYP 1)

Progress Report: Log Book (30%)

Project Proposal Report (35%)

Proposal Presentation (35%)

Project Assessment (FYP 2)


Project Presentation (30%)

Project Thesis (50%)

Project Assessment (Diploma)


Project Presentation (30%)

Project Thesis (50%)

Proposal

First step in implementing a research project;

Indicator of your understanding of the research project;

Outlines the feasibility/viability of the research project.

Proposal Components

Title Problem Statement Background Study Objectives Methodology

Proposal Title Represents what you actually plan to

do Sometimes useful to use catchy

phrases or direct statement to make your title more interesting

Important when your proposal is being evaluated for some competition - funding, prize, scholarship

Be creative but most important, be precise and accurate

Example of Title Selection

“Measure O2, nitrite, nitrate, pH in Merbok area, use data and apply in mathematical model 5555 and use model to assess/predict ecosystem behaviour”

Possible TitlesTitle 1: Water quality and mathematical

model in environmental studies.

Title 2: Fluctuation of O2, nitrite, nitrate and pH in Merbok estuarine area and application of data in mathematical modelling for ecosystem prediction and assessment.

Title 3: Monthly fluctuation of crucial water parameters in the Merbok estuarine area and its application in bio-modelling

Exercise

Modify following Titles so that they fulfill aforementioned Criteria:

Pollution Prevention Practices – A Case Study;

Properties of Biocomposites; Food Contamination Monitoring Fermentation of Sugar for

Downstream Applications Optimisation of Distillation Process

Exercise (Solution)

All titles are too general, we need to narrow down the topic.

How?:

1. Take each keyword and ask yourself what

Proposal: Problem Statement

A hypothesis?

A hunch?

Can be general / broad in nature.

Examples of Hypotheses1. Leaving yoghurt outside the fridge

for 2 days will make it look green and turn sour.

2. Presence of H2S in the car exhaust will reduce the catalytic conversion efficiency of Carbon Monoxide to Carbon Dioxide.

3. Saccharomyces cerevisae fermentation activity is inhibited at a certain ethanol concentration.

Proposal Objectives These are statements qualifying what

you wish to achieve in the project in relation to your problem statement.

Can use specific phrases such as ‘to measure’, `to compare’, ‘to assay’, ‘to isolate’, ‘to determine’ etc.

Very closely related to the actual experiments you are planning to do.

Proposal Objectives: Example Hypothesis 1:

To determine the organo-leptic properties of natural yoghurt at 4 and 25°C over a 5 day period;

To monitor the total microbial concentration of natural yoghurt at 4 and 25°C over a 5 day period;

To carry out a statistical analysis to test the validity of the hypothesis;


To measure the car exhaust gas concentration of H2S, CO and CO2 before and after the catalyst;



To monitor the fermentation activity of S. cerevisae in defined growth medium at 25°C in the presence of various ethanol concentrations;


Methods & Materials Describe precisely how the

experiments are to be done.

Proper citations – record author(s), year, journal title, volume, page numbers.

Are the experiments ‘DO-ABLE’ here in our laboratories? Discuss with your supervisor!

List chemical requirements and place order early!

Everyday ExamplePreparation of D.I.Y. Cake:

Ingredients (Chemicals) 3 eggs 150 g sugar 300 g flour 125 g butter 50 mL milk 3 tbsp. oil ½ tsp Vanilla essence 1 pack Custard powder

Chicken?

Duck?

Ostrich?

Turtle?


Ingredients (Chemicals) 3 medium-sized chicken eggs 150 g fine-grained white sugar 300 g self-raising sieved wheat flour 125 g salted butter 50 mL full-cream cow milk 3 tbl refined sunflower oil ½ tsp Vanilla essence 50 g Custard powder (Vanilla

flavour)


Cooking Ware (Materials)

Bowl Whisker Tablespoon Grease paper Spring form Sieve Oven


Procedure (Methods)1. Take 3 egg yolk and manually mix

with 150 g of sugar;2. Add 125 g of butter (room-

temperature) to the egg yolk – sugar mix and homogenise manually;

3. Add the sieved flour and form a dough;

4. …

PROJECT PLANNING & EXECUTION

Prepare a time-line for the project – Gantt chart - must take into account holidays, exams, writing-up, submission dates.

Very little time..so preparation must be meticulous – there may not be time for repeat experiments.

Experiments must be so designed such that results can be presented either graphically or tabulated and amenable for statistical analyses.

Example Gantt Chart

W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 …

Proposal writing

Ordering chemicals

Experiment 1

Submit Chapter 1 to Supervisor

Hari Raya

…

Documentation All experimental procedures, raw and

processed data are to be recorded in a hard-cover LABORATORY BOOK.

The lab book is the property of your lab and is to be left with supervisor after completion of project!

All raw data must be processed as soon as possible (e.g. transfer to Excel).

Documentation (cont’d) Thesis writing should start on Day 10

of project – thesis writing is both laborious and time consuming!

Format of theses – similar to past years

Completed sections can be submitted to supervisor for corrections / comments as and when they are ready; do not leave it to the last day!

Remember to BACKUP your work (pen drive, CD)!


Purpose: Generate new Knowledge and enhance our Understanding

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DIKW.png

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/93/DIKW.png


Data can be qualitative or quantitative;

Qualitative data: Is subjective, rich, and in-depth

information normally presented in the form of words; derived from 1) interviews and 2) other

sources - observations, life histories and journals (paper review) and documents of all kinds including newspapers.

Example: Taste (sweet, sour, bitter, salty)

Example of quantitative Data

20min, 0min, 10min, 50min, 40min, 30min;

298K, 299K, 299K, 298K, 298K

16mg/L, 1mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 1mg/L, 2mg/L;

15mg/L, 0.7mg/L, 6mg/L, 5mg/L, 1.1 mg/L, 2.5mg/L;

17mg/L, 1.3 mg/L, 7 mg/L, 3mg/L, 0.8 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L.

Information

Information = Arranged, organised Data.

Time [s]

Temp. [K]

Conc. 1[mg/L]

Conc. 2[mg/L]

Conc. 3[mg/L]

0 298 1 0.7 1.3

10 299 1 1.1 0.8

20 298 2 2.5 1.5

30 298 4 5 3

40 299 8 6 7

50 298 16 15 17

Knowledge

Knowledge = Processed Information; Average and standard deviation were

calculated from arranged data;

Time [min]

Temp. [K]

Average Conc.[mg/L]

StDev[mg/L]

0 298 1 0.310 299 1.0 0.1520 298 2 0.530 298 4 140 299 7 150 298 16 1

Knowledge (cont’d)

Concentration of ... increases exponentially at 298K;

Reaction is first order; Rate constant, k = 0.0586 mg/(L·min).

y = 0.7142e0.0586x

R2 = 0.9599

200

250

300

350

400

0 20 40 60Time [min]

Tem

per

atu

re [

K]

024681012141618

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n [

mg

/L]

Temperature [K]

Concentration [mg/L]

Understanding

Understanding = Ability to explain Knowledge;

Example: The increase in microbial concentration is first order because microorganisms produce daughter cells every 10 min.

y = 0.7189e0.0594x

R2 = 0.9643200

250

300

350

400

0 20 40 60Time [min]

Tem

per

atu

re [

K]

0

5

10

15

20

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n [

mg

/L]

Temperature [K]

Concentration [mg/L]

WisdomWisdom = Apply Knowledge the right

Way.

Example (The Right Way): Fermenter operator understands that ethanol concentration of 15 % kills the yeast culture. Hence ethanol concentration is monitored and controlled to remain <15 %.

Example (The Unethical Way): Colleague has a grudge against of fermenter operator and decides to sabotage. Colleague also understands toxic effect of ethanol and decides to turn off monitoring system so that ethanol concentration spirals out of control and inhibits yeast culture.

Presentation of Information Table Line graph Bar chart Pie chart Figure from software/instrument used

Please take Note! Whatever diagram you use, an

associated commentary is essential. Do not leave it to the reader

(especially supervisor and internal examiner) to work out what the diagram shows.

Presentation of Information Table

Make comparisons between quantities which are totals and/or have sub-divisions, at the same point in time

Show data that is time series, nominal or ordinal

Presentation of Information Table (Example)

Source: K. Openshaw / Biomass and Bioenergy 19 (2000) 1-15.

Presentation of Information Line Graph

Source: As. J. Energy Env. 2009, 10(04), 221-229

Presentation of Information Line Graph

Source: Agricultural Wastes 4 (1982) 411-426

Presentation of Information Bar chart

Make comparisons between quantities which are totals and/or have sub-divisions, at the same point in time

Show data that is time series, nominal or ordinal

Bar charts are inappropriate for large data sets with many bars and numerical data.

Presentation of Information Bar chart (Example)

Source: M. Franz et al. / Carbon 38 (2000) 1807 –1819


Source: Renewable Energy World, Vol. 14(4), p. 8.


Source: Renewable Energy World, Vol. 14(4), p. 47.

Presentation of Information Pie chart

show the percentage parts of the whole; they are the circular version of a percentage component bar chart;

highlight a particular component using an exploded or dynamic pie chart, where a slice of the pie is extracted.

Presentation of Information Pie chart (Example)

Bulb2%

Water heater2%

Others6%

Electric kettle5%

Fluorescent light3%

TV6%

VCD / VCR / DVD7%

Iron8%

Refrigerator21%

Air-con12%

Washing machine10%

Rice cooker8% Fan

10%

Figure 3. Breakdown of residential electricity consumption in Malaysia. Refrigerators and air con’s top the list followed by washing machines, fans, rice cooker, irons etc.Source: Energy Policy, Vol. 35(2), pp. 1050–1063.

Research Ethics DO NOT CHEAT!

Present the data you obtained experimentally and not what you think it should be!

DO NOT PLAGIARIZE!

‘Cut-n-paste’ is not an acceptable practice!

If you have to use certain phrases from a particular source, credit must be given to original author(s)

FYP Guidelines & Materials

Available online at: E-Learning: http://elearning.micet.edu.my/

http://elearning.micet.edu.my/

http://elearning.micet.edu.my/

Documents

UniKL MICET FYP IMPLEMENTATION 2014 Prepared by: UniKL MICET FYP COMMITTEE