UCN Facility at TRIUMF

L.Lee

October 3, 2012

PLACE UCN LOGO& ACRONYM HERE

Horizontal Source/Bottle

UCN Source (RCNP-TRIUMF)

This source is being developed in Japan and will be commissioned & tested at RCNP, followed by initial n-EDM measurements there until 2014

A beam line is being prepared for it at TRIUMF, for extended running periods at ~40x higher intensity (goal is to reach ~ 6000 UCN/cc at EDM cell)

pn

UCNvalveopens

phonon

Horizontal Source/BottleExperiment

Spallation Superthermal UCN Source

2012-2014: Develop/Test Source (& nEDM) at RCNP [1+ A] 2015: Source moves to TRIUMF 2016: Commission Source at TRIUMF [ramp to 40A]

D2O cryostat

He-II cryostat

4He (4K,1K)3He (0.8K)Isopure 4He

Status: UCN Source(s) at RCNP

Achieved (with “old” UCN source)UCN prod. rate of 4 UCN/cc/s

UCN density at UCN valve: 15 UCN/cc (90 neV)

UCN density in Source (He-II):180 UCN/cc (210 neV)

Measurement of Ramsay fringesusing nEDM setup at RCNP

“New” UCN source Cool-down of D2O cryostat successful

Cooling tests of He-II cryostat

Tests with beam in Apr-2013 (?)

D2O cryostat

UCN guide

He cryostat

He

Leak Detector

“Old” UCN sourceVertical UCN bottle

– 2011

UCN Facility at TRIUMF: Meson Hall

MainCyclotron

ProposedUCN

Facility

Existing Beamlines in Meson Hall

M13: PIENU Experiment currently running M11: Detector Test-beam Facility BL1B: Proton Irradiation Facility (PIF)

M11

M13

BL1B

BL1A

Proposed UCN Facility (BL1U)

BL1U: UCN Beamline (EDM, n, gravity,…) M11: Beam deflected right (instead of left) when space needed BL1B/PIF: remains operational when BL1A/U off (Cyc. cooldown)

BL1BBL1U

BL1A

M11

N

BL1A

BL1U: UCN Beamline

Spall.n TargetUCN Source

Shield Pyramid

BL1U

nEDM cell

Floorspacefor ActiveMagneticShielding

Kicker Septum

BenderQuadsBL1B

N

Beamline 1A (80-120A, 500MeV)

Beam Sharing in the Meson Hall

Kicker Septum

SpallationTarget

Proton Beam “kicked” every 3rd pulse to UCN Beamline & Spall.n Target

(40A, 500MeV)

Kicker and Septum magnets allow beam to be shared between BL1A(SR) and BL1U(UCN)

SR beam

UCN beam

Beam Sharing between UCN and SR targets

20kW thermal cyclingon Tungsten target

Beam Chopping between UCN and SR

production targets

Kicker ramps (up and down)during notches

N

BL1U: Kicker Magnet

Kicker

Kicker Magnet

Fast-switching, High rep-rate

2 Coils, 6 turns eachLength: ~1.7 m longAperture: 100 mm x 100 mm

Current: 200 A [240 A] B•dL: 0.0545 T•mMax field in aperture: 36.3 mTDeflection: 12 mr [15 mr max]

Rise/Fall time: 50 sMax Voltage: ± 1800 V (ramp)Flattop: 1 ms ( 4% ripple p-p)Rep. Rate: 330 Hz

Non-metallic beamtube (~2m) with vacuum flanges required Technical review completed, tendering soon

N

BL1U: Septum Magnet

Septum

Lambertson-style Septum

Conventional magnet struct.

More robust (no high power current-sheet, coils farther from beam)

Deflected beam is bent in adirection to original “kick”

Modification of an existing magnet (PARITY dipole, pole& upper coil moved down to relocate gap near the top)

B•dL: ~ 0.56 T•mBend Angle: ~145 mr

Technical review completed, detailed engineering underway

N

BL1U: Dipole & Quadrupole Magnets

Bender

Quads

Dipole magnet: 1UB2 Quadrupole magnets: 1UQ7,Q8

Conventional dipole magnetFabricated and mapped (KEK)

Conventional quadrupole magnetsOn-hand (tagged for UCN)

N

BL1U: Spallation Target

SpallationTarget

KEK-inspired UCN Tungsten Spallation Target

4 Tungsten Blocks: 20mm, 20mm, 30mm, 50mm thickness; 78mm x 57mm cross-section20 kW beam power (1 min ON, 4 min OFF), Heat Deposition ~14 kW; Water-cooledConceptual design, Thermal & Stress study (ANSYS) completed

N

BL1U: UCN Source, Shielding & R/H System

UCN Source

Shielding PyramidConceptual Design (“Redesign”)

Target R/H SystemConceptual Design

WaterTreatment

Facility

ConcreteLayer

Steel Layer

Graphite Reflector/ModeratorImmovable

Block

20K D2O Moderator

BL1U: Shielding Pyramid & UCN Source

BL1U

(Downstream Section of BL1U)

(Upper Shielding Layers Hidden)

BL1U: Shielding Pyramid & UCN Source

BL1U

20K D2O moderator

3He/He-IIcryostat

UCN Guide (He-II)

Aluminum Crypt containinggraphite, cooled by flowing

Helium gas

Target Insertionport in

Aluminum Crypt

Target Insertionport

Lead Casket

Tracks

BL1UTarget

LANL-inspired Target Remote-Handling system(Target Fully Inserted)

BL1U: Target Remote-Handling

LANL-inspired Target Remote-Handling system(Target Fully Withdrawn)

BL1U: Target Remote-Handling

Target Insertionport

Lead Casket

Target

Tracks ShieldingPlug

BL1U

Liquid Helium Supply

TRIUMF intends to order a new Linde L1610 helium liquefier (for CMMS & UCN program)

The L1610 uses a piston-type expander engine

Using LN2 for precool, it can produce 62L/hr (improved heat-exch.r)

20% of its capacity will be needed for other TRIUMF programs, leaving 80% for UCN (Allows ~1200L/day for UCN; At 40A, UCN requires ~1600L/day, maybe more)

For the initial phase of the UCN program, this may be adequate For eventual 40 A operation, a second liquefier will be needed

We plan to transfer directly from the large liquefaction dewar into the UCN cryostat via a long (20-40m) low-loss (30-50 mW/m) LN2-jacketed transfer line

Helium auto-fill system will be designed & built this fiscal year (first use will be at RCNP)

2011 2015201420132012 2016 2017ACTIVITY

J A J OJ A J O J A J OJ A J O J A J OJ A J O J A

Schedule( 2010-2016 )2011 2015201420132012 2016 2017

Cleanup M11,1A/1B roof-beamDismantle PIENU & M13-DS

MESON HALL (& Vault):

Core M13 I-block

Shielding

UCN APPARATUS:Spallation Target & R/HUCN Source

BEAMLINE 1U:Kicker

SeptumDipoleBeamline (incl Quads, PS,…)

Design & Review Order/Fabricate/Deliver

Test

Test

Order/Mod

Order/Fabricate

Design & Review

Design & Review Order/Fabricate InstallTest

Specify/Conceptual design

Design/Fabricate InstallUnInstall

Procure shielding blocksDesign & Review Install

COMMISSION @ TRIUMFBeamline Commissioning

HELIUM LIQUEFIER:

Upgrade He Liquefier System

He Liquefier SystemProcure

UCN Source Commissioning

Install/Test & Run @ RCNP

Procure/Install

Install

Kicker Ceramic Beamtube InstallDesign/Order Fabricate

Install

Test

MILESTONES Shutdown Activities Activities Elsewhere(KEK, RCNP, CERN, Acsion)

Non-Shutdown Activities

Mod. 1VQ4/Q5; BL1V & Shld

InstallInstall

Install

Dismantle M13-US, Mod.Shld

UCN Schedule (Draft)

Design/Order/Fabricate Test

Install

Install

Design/Fabr

UCN Installation Schedule

N

2014 Shutdown

2015 Shutdown

2015 Non-Shutdown& 2016 Shutdown

UCN Facility Installation & Beyond

2014-2016 UCN Installation Periods Commission UCN Facility during 2nd half of 2016 nEDM measurements (see Jeff’s talk)

Beyond 2016Helium Facility Liquefier Upgrade (Second Liquefier)

Power Supplies Upgrade Magnet Power Supplies

Facility Upgrade (Experiment Area) for nEDM-Phase2 Active-Shielding (Magnetic) Facility Extend Radiation Shielding for enlarged experiment area

FINIS

N

UCN Facility at TRIUMF

Institutions: TRIUMF, KEK, RCNP, Osaka U., NCSU, SFU, TIT, UBC, U.Manitoba, UNBC, U.Winnipeg

Goal: Produce the world’s most intense source of UCNsfor Fundamental and Materials Sciences Research.

Plan: Develop and Test the UCN Source, as well as then-EDM apparatus, in Japan (RCNP,10-26 e•cm);Move the equipment to Canada (TRIUMF), wherehigher intensity beams are available, in 2015.

1st Phase: nEDM-1 (10-27 e•cm)2nd Phase: nEDM-2 (10-28 e•cm)

Neutron EDM Summary Aim for dn 10-28 e•cm in the next decade Use established technologies (except for Superfluid He UCN source and 129Xe co-magnetometer) Start with small EDM cell (better for systematics, cost effective)

Phased approach to achieve 100-fold improvement in dn limit EDM expt @ RCNP till 2014: dn 10-26 e•cm (UCN source development with beam up to 10mA) (EDM apparatus development, including co-magnetometer) Initial Phase @ TRIUMF, 2016-17: dn 10-27 e•cm (Gradually increase current to 40A & extend running time) 2nd Phase @ TRIUMF, 2018- : dn 10-28 e•cm

UCNs and the Neutron EDM

EDM: dn = (h/2E)( )

Why use UCNs ?

UCNs can be trapped in a material bottle,magnetic bottle,or gravity-well UCNs have long (macroscopic) storage times Neutrons can be 100% polarized

Can manipulate and measure the magnetic moment of UCNs

Neutron EDM Measurement

Method: Measure change in UCN spin precession under B and E fields Use NMR Techniques Ramsey Resonance Method

UCN Sources Around the World