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David Brooks PAGE A23

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A22-23

TODD HEISLER/THE NEW YORK TIMES

New York City’s school system, the nation’s largest, has finished welcoming back 500,000 students for in-person instruction. Page A8.A Test on the First Day

MOSCOW — The officials froma secretive Russian security forceseemed to know exactly whatthey wanted when they reachedout to Olga Izranova’s companylast spring.

They wanted movable tunnelsthat douse people in clouds of dis-infectant.

“They said it had to be donevery fast,” Ms. Izranova recalls.

She admits the tunnels are oflimited efficacy in the coronaviruspandemic, but for her most impor-tant customer, every bit counts.The Federal Protective Service,Russia’s answer to the SecretService, has helped build a virus-free bubble around President Vla-dimir V. Putin that far outstripsthe protective measures taken bymany of his foreign counterparts.

Russian journalists who coverMr. Putin have not seen him upclose since March. The few peoplewho meet him face to face gener-ally spend as much as two weeksin quarantine first. The presidentstill conducts his meetings withsenior officials — including with

his cabinet and his Security Coun-cil — by video link from a spartanroom in his residence outsideMoscow, which has been outfittedwith Ms. Izranova’s disinfectanttunnel.

In the coronavirus pandemic,Mr. Putin’s Russia has often beencompared to the United Statesand Brazil, two other large coun-

tries whose leaders have playeddown the disease’s risk and saw itspiral out of control. But whilePresident Trump and PresidentJair Bolsonaro of Brazil havechafed against restricting theirown movements, Mr. Putin has re-treated into an intricate cocoon ofsocial distancing — even as he hasallowed life in Russia to essen-

tially return to normal.The contrast between the be-

havior of Mr. Putin and that of hispeople now looms large, as a sec-ond wave of the pandemic threat-ens to wash over Russia. In Mos-cow, where people packed indoorbars and restaurants all summerwith few masks in sight, the num-

In Russia, the Lockdown Is Over. But Putin Stays in His Bubble.By ANTON TROIANOVSKI

Vladimir V. Putin meeting with senior officials by video, in a photograph provided by the Kremlin.ALEXEY DRUZHININ/SPUTNIK, VIA AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

Continued on Page A9

BINGHAMTON, N.Y. — Zu-layka McKinstry’s once silly, so-ciable daughter has stopped see-ing friends, talking to siblings andtrusting anyone — changes Ms.McKinstry dates to the day in Jan-uary 2019 when her daughter’sschool principal decided that “hy-per and giddy” were suspiciousbehaviors in a 12-year-old girl.

Ms. McKinstry’s daughter wassent to the nurse’s office andforced to undress so that she couldbe searched for contraband thatdid not exist.

“It’s not fair that now I have tosay, ‘It’s OK to be Black and hyperand giddy,’ that it’s not a crime tosmile,” Ms. McKinstry said. “Andshe doesn’t believe me.”

The Binghamton case is nowthe subject of what might be agroundbreaking federal lawsuitby the NAACP Legal Defense andEducational Fund, which hasdrawn on the disparate treatment

and discipline rates of Black girlsto pursue it.

The disproportionate disciplinerates of Black boys have longdominated discussions about theharmful effects of punitive disci-pline policies, but recent high-pro-file cases have begun to reframethe debate around the plight ofBlack girls.

In Florida, Kaia Rolle was only 6last year when police officers es-corted her, hands bound behindher with zip ties, from her schoolin Orlando after employees theresaid she had a temper tantrum.

In Sacramento, the first “virtualsuspension” to draw national at-tention was meted out to a 9-year-old Black girl who was kicked outof her Zoom classroom for report-edly sending too many messages.In Michigan, a teenager was sentto juvenile detention for not com-pleting her online schoolwork.

Just this week, the Common Ap-plication for colleges and universi-

Racism in the Principal’s Office:Seeking Justice for Black Girls

This article is by Erica L. Green,Mark Walker and Eliza Shapiro.

Continued on Page A18

The American economy is be-ing buffeted by a fresh round ofcorporate layoffs, signaling newanxiety about the course of the co-ronavirus pandemic and uncer-tainty about further legislative re-lief.

Companies including Disney,the insurance giant Allstate andtwo major airlines announcedplans to fire or furlough more than60,000 workers in recent days,and more cuts are expected with-out a new federal aid package tostimulate the economy.

With the election a month away,an agreement has proved elusive.The White House and congres-sional Democrats held talks onThursday before the House nar-rowly approved a $2.2 trillion pro-posal without any Republicansupport. It was little more than asymbolic vote: The measure willnot become law without a biparti-san deal.

After business shutdowns in theearly spring threw 22 million peo-ple out of work, the economy re-bounded in May and June with thehelp of stimulus money and rock-bottom interest rates. But the lossof momentum since then, coupledwith fears of a second wave of co-ronavirus cases this fall, has leftmany experts uneasy about themonths ahead.

“The layoffs are an additionalheadwind in an already weak la-bor market,” said Rubeela Fa-rooqi, chief U.S. economist forHigh Frequency Economics. “Aslong as the virus isn’t contained,this is going to be an ongoing phe-nomenon.”

The concern has grown asmeasures that helped the econ-omy weather the initial contrac-tion have wound down. The expi-ration of a $600-a-week federalsupplement to unemploymentbenefits was followed by a 2.7 per-cent drop in personal income inAugust, the Commerce Depart-ment said Thursday.

In a separate report, the LaborDepartment said 787,000 peoplefiled new applications for statejobless benefits last week. The to-tal, not adjusted for seasonal vari-ations, was a slight decline from

WITH AID STALLED,MORE COMPANIESTURN TO LAYOFFS

60,000 NEW JOB LOSSES

Tougher Economic RoadIs Feared as Congress

Fails to Act

By NELSON D. SCHWARTZand GILLIAN FRIEDMAN

Continued on Page A8

Philadelphia voters will soonhear a familiar election-yearsound at their front door: the rap-rap-rap of a Democratic officialcanvassing for support. But themessage they hear might takethem by surprise.

After a monthslong effort to getvoters to embrace mail-in voting,Democrats in Philadelphia willpush supporters to vote in personif they have not already requesteda ballot.

The sudden shift in tactics in thebiggest city in Pennsylvania, acritical swing state, reveals un-ease over President Trump’s waron mail-in voting and a rash ofcourt rulings that are still alteringthe regulations that will governhow ballots are cast and countedin November.

“The only secure thing is towalk to the polls, put your maskon, bring some hand sanitizer —just go vote,” said Bob Brady, a for-mer congressman and the chair-man of the Philadelphia Demo-crats. “This president is going todo everything he can to fight anystate, or any city that has an over-whelming vote against him — andwe will have an overwhelmingvote against him. And we’ll be inhis cross hairs.”

Democrats nationally have notabandoned their efforts to vote bymail, largely because their elec-toral fortunes are wedded to theprocess. Democrats vastly out-number Republicans in absenteeballot requests in key battle-ground states; in Pennsylvania,nearly 1.5 million Democrats haverequested a mail-in ballot, threetimes the requests from Republi-cans. Since Wisconsin began mail-ing absentee ballots on Sept. 16,nearly all of the state’s countiesthat voted for Hillary Clinton in2016 have returned ballots at ahigher rate than counties thatbacked Mr. Trump.

Many state parties and officialscontinue to view voting by mail asessential amid the coronaviruspandemic. Joseph R. Biden Jr.’scampaign is still encouraging itssupporters to have a plan to voteand to know their options, andthat includes voting by mail.

But the change in Philadelphiaindicates that some voters are be-coming increasingly worriedabout placing completed ballots inthe mail — and that election offi-cials are adjusting accordingly.

As the president falsely claimsthat mail balloting is rife with

Doubts on MailPrompt a PushTo Vote on Site

Democrats Uneasy asTrump Sows Discord

By NICK CORASANITIand REID J. EPSTEIN

Continued on Page A17

In rural Iowa, just one of the 875students on Cornell College’s cam-pus has tested positive for the co-ronavirus this semester. At Am-herst College in Massachusetts,the number of undergraduate vi-rus cases has been a bit higher:three.

And Colby College’s rigorousmeasures have so thoroughly con-tained the virus that students likeLogan Morrione can wander onand off the Waterville, Maine,campus, attend most classes inperson and even do withoutmasks in some social situations —privileges that students else-where can only dream of.

“At first, we weren’t allowed tosee anyone except for our room-mates, but now it’s kind of freerange,” said Mr. Morrione, a 19-year-old sophomore. “Honestly,it’s not that terrible.”

As campuses across the coun-try struggle to carry on amid ill-nesses and outbreaks, a deter-mined minority are beating thepandemic — at least for the mo-

ment — by holding infections to aminimum and allowing studentsto continue living in dorms and at-tend face-to-face classes.

Being located in small towns,having minimal Greek life and ag-gressively enforcing social-dis-tancing measures all help in sup-pressing the contagion, expertssay. But one major thread con-nects the most successful cam-puses: testing. Extensively.

Small colleges in New England— where the Broad Institute, alarge academic laboratory affiliat-ed with M.I.T. and Harvard, is sup-porting an ambitious regionaltesting and screening program —are showing particularly low ratesof infection. But some largerschools elsewhere also have heldthe line, even in densely popu-

For the Colleges That Beat Back The Virus, Testing Was the Key

By SHAWN HUBLER Rigid Regimen AllowedSome Campuses

to Stay Open

Continued on Page A6

OSHKOSH, Wis. — Steve Van-derLoop, 64, heard that several ofhis co-workers at a manufacturingplant in Wisconsin had fallen illfrom Covid-19. Then there was hisbrother-in-law’s entire family innearby Washington County. Agood friend in Appleton, up theshore of Lake Winnebago. Andlast week, the gut punch: Mr. Van-derLoop’s 96-year-old motherlearned she had the virus.

“It’s just crazy here now,” hesaid of his home state, standing onhis porch on a block whose yardsand fences were festooned withBiden signs, billowing Trumpflags, hand-painted posters andbumper stickers with peace sym-bols.

He adjusted his cloth mask tocover his nose. “Then you throw inthe campaign and everythingelse. It’s a big snowball.”

Mr. VanderLoop is one of manyWisconsinites living uncomfort-ably in a dual hot spot: of the co-ronavirus, which has spiked un-controllably in counties through-out the state in recent weeks, and

of the presidential campaign,whose attention seems to be un-blinkingly focused on Wisconsinvoters.

They have watched with grow-ing alarm as coronavirus caseshave exploded. Three of the fourmetro areas in the United Stateswith the most cases per capitawere in northeast Wisconsin, andone hospital in Green Bay, thethird-largest city in the state, wasnearly full this week.

Daily statewide deaths becauseof the coronavirus hit a record onWednesday when officials re-ported that 26 people had suc-cumbed to the virus. On Thursday,hospitalizations were at a highsince the pandemic began, andmore than 3,000 new cases werereported, another record.

The mayor of Oshkosh, Lori

Covid and Campaigns CollideIn Battleground of Wisconsin

By JULIE BOSMAN State Now Hot Spot forPresidential Electionand Virus’s Spread

Continued on Page A16

Rising nationalism is making it harderfor the island’s chip makers to hold themiddle ground. PAGE B1

BUSINESS B1-6

Taiwan Feels U.S.-China HeatItaly is using “the largest 3-D printer inthe world” to make an exact copy ofMichelangelo’s masterpiece. PAGE A10

INTERNATIONAL A10-12

A ‘David’ for the Digital AgeAn exhibition of David Hockney’s workslooks at the nature of relationships.Above, “Gregory. Los Angeles. March31st 1982,” composite Polaroid. PAGE C1

WEEKEND ARTS C1-12

Portraits of Changing Love

Cybercriminals have stolen millions inunemployment because the usual secu-rity methods aren’t working. PAGE B1

Black-Market Jobless Benefits

Senator Martha McSally, an ArizonaRepublican, is betting a push to seatJudge Amy Coney Barrett will helpreverse a rival’s steady lead. PAGE A13

NATIONAL A13-21

Aiming for a Supreme Boost

Some workers and families say theyfear infections as the federal systemopens to visits on Saturday. PAGE A9

TRACKING AN OUTBREAK A4-9

U.S. Prisons to Permit VisitorsNegotiations over a sea border are arare breakthrough, but officials said apeace deal wasn’t on the table. PAGE A12

Lebanon and Israel Plan Talks

The league’s top two teams — the Aces,led by A’ja Wilson, and the Storm, pro-pelled by Breanna Stewart — are facingoff for the title. We break down thebest-of-five series. PAGE B7

SPORTSFRIDAY B7-11

Stars Clash in W.N.B.A. Finals

The league took a risk by allowingteams to travel freely. Now a spate ofinfections in the Titans’ clubhouse hasforced their game on Sunday to bepostponed. On Pro Football. PAGE B7

Virus Has N.F.L. Scrambling

Late Edition

VOL. CLXX . . . . No. 58,834 © 2020 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2020

Hope Hicks, a senior adviser to Presi-dent Trump, traveled with him to Min-nesota for a campaign rally. PAGE A21

Hicks Tests Positive for Virus

Today, rain at first, clearing later,cooler, high 64. Tonight, partlycloudy skies. low 52. Tomorrow,mostly sunny, cooler than average,high 65. Weather map, Page B10.

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