Tree Service Canada Magazine Issue #29 Summer 2014

Volume 8 Issue 3 Summer 2014 $5.00

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T H E V O I C E O F C A N A D A ' S T R E E S E R V I C E S I N D U S T R Y

TORONTO

Enter on page 12

INSIDEWill Blue Ash survive EAB? .....................................................7

TREES AND THE LAW - Tree roots and sidewalks ....................8

Eight ways to make summer time better in accounts receivable .............................................................. 14

continued on page 5

continued on page 4

RESEARCH

SAFETY

Cut t ing edgeinnovat ionsince 1689.

Ice storm aftermath Arborist favours indigenous species as replacements

BY J E F F R E Y C A R T E R

It’s been six months since the ice storm wreaked havoc in the Greater Toronto Area but canopy impacts will be felt for years to come. Arborist, Jose Rubio Lazo, hopes municipal and private arborists can learn from the disaster. He favours replacing downed trees with species native to the region. “A lot of the native species came out of it very well, like the sugar maple and white oak. It’s about their morphology — the way they’re structured.” No one knows the extent of the damage, even now, Lazo said. Many GTA tree experts have talked about a 20 per cent canopy loss but the true extent of the damage will only be known as arborists deal with damaged trees in the coming months and years. The Siberian elm was one species hit especially hard although Lazo says if not too heavily damaged the species can recover with proper pruning. They’re often found in rows since the weak-wooded species has been favoured for hedges. Well-known Toronto-area arborist Philip van Wassenaer said in some neighbourhoods the crowns of Siberian elms were reduced to piles of branches at the base of their trunks. “If we remove all the Siberian elms from the City of Toronto, that alone will leave a big hole in the canopy,” Lazo said. Other trees that had poor resistance to the ice include: Manitoba maples with their weak wood and poor structure; older Norway maples,

BY PAT K E R R

“Seedlings are very vulnerable to drought conditions during their first year after planting,” said Joanne MacDonald, a researcher with NRCan in Atlantic Canada. Her work is primarily directed toward forestry but it has huge potential for urban forestry.

“Climate change scenarios suggest that parts of Canada will experience longer periods of hot, dry weather during spring and summer. Our aim is to provide an innovative cultural practice for forest nurseries that will help seedlings survive drier conditions after planting.”

The research project has proved that when spruce and lodgepole pine are given low doses of Ascophyllum nodosum extract at the correct time, in the greenhouse, they will grow more roots. This increases their drought tolerance and stress resistance. The cost is under one cent per seedling.

Ascophyllum nodosum extract is a naturally occurring product in large common brown algae, also called seaweed or kelp. Seed weed has been composted for centuries to add organic matter to gardens.

It is found in sheltered sites in the Atlantic from Greenland, Portugal, NW Europe and Canada’s eastern coast.

Commercial trials start to increase drought tolerance in seedlings

When spruce and lodgepole pine are given low doses of the kelp extract Ascophyllum nodosum at the correct time, in the greenhouse, they will grow more roots. This increases their drought tolerance and stress resistance.

When it comes to practicing rescue scenarios it is

important to follow the “low and slow” rule.

Always practice close to the ground and perfect

the rescue technique before trying it at height. Remember fail to prepare . . .

prepare to fail.

See "Techniques" page 10.

Page 2 TREE SERVICE CANADA SUMMER 2014

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Page 3TREE SERVICE CANADA SUMMER 2014

NEWS

A costly cut

SaskPower crew goes to wrong addressBY S H I R L E Y BY E R S

Picture this: You and your crew arrive at a yard site for what you assume will be a fairly straightforward task: Cut 13 trees, most in the 25 foot height range, down to 2.5 – 3 feet. You do the job, pack up your equipment and move on to the next job. But wait, there’s one little problem. You’ve cut the wrong trees on the wrong property. All 13 of them. Now, what do you do? Sadly, this isn’t a hypothetical situation created to teach a lesson. It really happened — to a SaskPower (the provincial electrical utility) crew somewhere in Saskatchewan in 2013. “It was a case of simple human error,” said Heather Johnson, consultant, Media Rela-tions & Issues Management for SaskPower. The mistake was discovered when property own-ers, “Gerry and Felicia,” whose real names were not released due to privacy concerns, arrived to find that 13 Siberian elms along one side of their property had been whittled down to a about a metre high. They learned that a SaskPower crew had been responding to a request from a nearby property owner and had gone to the wrong address. Gerry and Felicia received an apology from the workers and believed they would receive some mon-etary compensation when SaskPower had assessed the situation. But SaskPower didn’t see it that way. At least not at first. Gerry and Felicia received a letter which acknowledged the trees had been cut by mis-take but reasoned that they needed pruning to protect SaskPower’s overhead lines. And since, the utility company had the authority to prune them, there would be no compensation. Gerry and Felicia felt that there were other issues to be considered such as loss of privacy, loss of wind and snow break, loss of visual appeal, potential loss of property value and the cost to repair the damage.

When they were unable to reach an agreement with SaskPower on these issues, SaskPower referred them to the Provincial Ombudsman. And, there’s moreWhen the Office of the Ombudsman reviewed the situation, they found that the cutting had been done during a pruning ban. If the trees had to be cut, said a specialist from the Ministry of Environment, they should have been taken all the way down and stumps should have been treated or ground out. “Yes, there was a pruning ban in place at the time, as the trees in question were Siberian Elms,” said Johnson. “Again, a matter of human error.” After inspecting the site, the Ministry instructed SaskPower on how to clean up the area. SaskPower followed this directive and also offered compensation to Gerry and Felecia, which they accepted. The district staff involved in the incident had taken training, but they were not ISA certified arborists. The crew employed to do the remediation work were certified. The last line in the Ombudsman’s report on the situation reads: Status: Situation improved. “Our goal is to make sure this doesn’t happen again,” said Johnson, “We’ve reviewed our tree trim-ming practices to ensure that SaskPower complies at all times with applicable rules and regulations.”

“It was a case of simple human error.”

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Urban Forests by DesignAnnual Canadian Urban Forest Conference in Victoria

BY S H I R L E Y BY E R S

Dr. Kalanithy Vairavamoorthy, an internationally recognized expert on urban water issues, will be the keynote speaker at the Canadian Urban Forest Conference, September 30-October 2, 2014, in Victoria, B.C. Urban Forests by Design is the title of the conference.

Dr. Vairavamoorthy, Professor and Director, School of Global Sustainability, University of South Florida, has worked to create clean and sustainable water and sanitation systems through programs for UNESCO and the European Union. His keynote lecture in Victoria will be titled: “Adapting cities to a rapidly changing world.”

Four plenary sessions will focus on:• Getting to Smart, Clean and Green: biomimicry (see sidebar)

and the self-sustaining city of tomorrow

• Designing the City as a Habitat: health and happiness in the urban forest

• Learning from the Social Sciences: a little (un)common sense

• PULLING TOGETHER: weaving the strands of effective change. This Plenary session will begin to pull together the streams and themes developed during the conference.

Four speakers in the Breakout sessions will speak on:• Confronting the Growing Threats to the Urban Forest

• Showcasing innovation in Urban Forest Research

• Funding, Planning, Practice and Design

• Community-based Solutions to Urban Forest Challenges There will also be a trade show at the conference and three field trips. Field trip options will include: • Heritage Buildings & Significant Trees (option to bike or

walk)• Stormwater Management (option to bus, bike or walk) • Urban Centre Parks — Community Partnerships, Steward-

ship, Volunteerism & Restoration (option to choose one of 4 districts — travel will be by bus)

During the conference and for three days before and after, delegates can take advantage of the preferred conference rate at The Fairmont Empress Hotel, adjacent to the Victoria Confer-ence Centre where CUFC11 will be held. Standard rooms are available to conference delegates for $169 per night plus taxes, double occupancy. Check http://www.cufc11.ca/en/ for updates.

Merger to enhance tree programs BY PAT K E R R

Trees Ontario and the Ontario Forestry Association officially grew together on March 19, 2014. The two non-profit organizations that once separated tree planting and education into urban and rural are now one. The new name is “Forests Ontario.”

Their official statement said, “Forests Ontario is the voice for Ontario’s forests,” said Rob Keen, CEO of Forests Ontario (formerly Trees Ontario CEO). “This merge has created an organization

with enhanced capacity and allowed us to expand our delivery of environmental education, events and programs. It also allows all Ontarians to invest in the future of our forests through donations, sponsorships, volunteerism, tree planting, community awareness events and forest management.”

“Previously, Trees Ontario committed itself to the re-greening of Ontario through tree planting efforts on private rural lands and in urban areas, while the OFA supported the stewardship of forest ecosystems.”

“As a combined organization, Forests Ontario and its 85 plus partners will continue to offer a broad suite of programs and services as well as create a stronger public presence advocating for abundant, healthy and sustainable forests.”

“This merge has created an organization with enhanced capacity and allowed us to expand our delivery of environmental education, events and programs.”

Dr. Kalanithy Vairavamoorthy’s keynote lecture in Victoria will be titled: “Adapting cities to a rapidly changing world.”

What is biomimicry?“. . . It’s about looking to nature for inspiration for new inventions . . . It’s learning to live gracefully on this planet by consciously emulating life’s genius. It’s not really technology or biology; it’s the technology of biology. It’s making a fibre like a spider, or lassoing the sun’s energy like a leaf.”From A Biomimicry Primer, by Janine M. Benyus


COVE R

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It has long fronds and large egg-shaped bladders and lives 10 to 15 years. It is currently in use as a meal for both animal and human consumption.

Kelp is a natural, organic, Canadian product containingnitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and much more. It is easily available, and it is cheap.

Like all good things, however, moderation is key. In Canada, although you can compost kelp for your garden, the extract is only licensed as a supplement. It is not a fertilizer. Studies have shown used incorrectly or in the wrong dose and it will not produce drought tolerance and it can even burn the roots. MacDonald said, “It must be used in the right window. New root growth is essential for seedling survival.”

The second concern is that over-use of kelp has produced non sustainable harvesting in some countries. The extract, under study by NRCan, is sustainably harvested in Eastern Canada by Acadian Seaplants Limited. It is hand harvested from boats. “There is a lot of Canadian science in this project.”

This summer, the extract is to be tested in commercial settings in B.C. as part of a two year study on its use on conifers. In Atlantic Canada, the next project is to test the extract in a laboratory setting on chokecherry and shrub species with potential usage for land reclamation projects.

“Our aim is to provide an

innovative cultural practice

for forest nurseries that will

help seedlings survive drier

conditions after planting.”

Commercial trials start to increase drought tolerance in seedlings continued from cover

CorrectionThe profile on p. 8 of the Spring issue of TSC contained two errors. The name of the company in the subtitle should have been Precise Pruning Ltd. Also, Rod Toth received his vocational training in Calgary.


COVE R

especially those that had been poorly pruned; older white pines that trapped the ice in their long needles; young green ash that had been poorly pruned; weak-wooded white birch and old silver maples planted around a century ago. The silver maples that succumbed tended to be at the end of their lives. Many had been pruned away from wires leaving long, lanky branches. Along with the oaks and sugar maples, evergreens other than white pine tended to survive the ice storm. Cedars are described as being “super-resilient,” literally bending over with the ice load but not breaking. In moving forward Lazo has several suggestions. He feels the municipalities and private companies should focus on planting true native trees rather than the cultivars often carried by nurseries. They may be more expensive but a tree is a lifetime investment, or at least should be. Concerning older Norway maples, viewed as a “weed” species by some, Lazo suggested arborists should not be in too big a hurry to remove them. Those that do not pose a risk or are not yet near at the end of their lifespan can continue to provide environmental services. It’s also important for homeowners to seek out a qualified arborist as opposed to a chainsaw jockey out for a quick buck, Lazo said. A poor pruning job can kill a tree that might otherwise been saved. In addition, uninsured and untrained workers pose a risk to both themselves and the homeowners they work for. Lazo, who had previously worked as a tree climber for a large company, founded Jose the Arborist in 2007. He continues to climb and brings with him a true love for trees. “Sometimes I get called to remove a beautiful tree and I say, ‘I’m the wrong person for this job,’ ” Lazo said. “I’m at the right part of my life. I can do that.” One of Lazo’s signature projects was the rehabilitation of the small ravine woodlot at Havergal College, a private school for young women founded in 1894. After completing a survey of the ravine, he worked with students, faculty and staff to plant seedlings and 400 larger trees among which were 29 Carolinian species. Lazo was born on a farm in Honduras where trees provide food, fuel, shade and shelter for his family.

Jose Lazo developed and implemented a plan to rehabilitate the small woodlot at Toronto’s prestigious Havergal College with 29 Carolinian species.

Ice storm aftermath continued from cover

“A lot of the native species came out of [the ice storm] very well, like the sugar maple and white oak. It’s about their morphology — the way they’re structured.”

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THREATS

BY PAT KERR

At this time, scientists don’t know whether blue ash has some resistance to the emerald ash borer and is likely to survive the insect’s first wave.

The EAB is killing urban ash at a rate close to 100 per cent. However, there are mixed messages from experts about blue ash. Researchers in the U.S. are reporting blue ash is surviving as well as some of the Chinese ash thought to be resistant, while an Ontario study showed blue ash failing at the same rate as green ash.

Barb Boysen of Forest Gene Conservation said, “Blue ash is a rare tree in Canada so we can’t get a good sample size.”

There are a number of theories on the topic. Some of the blue ash that don’t survive could be failing because they are already under stress because they are growing outside their preferred climate zone or because southern Ontario experienced a severe drought.

Point Pelee National Park did a survey in 2004 looking to see how EAB would affect the ecology of the park. They found ash was 9.2 per cent of the total. Red ash had the majority at 84.6 per cent and blue ash represented 3.95 per cent of the ash. With these numbers it was expected ash would die back and hackberry, walnut and basswood, already the dominant species, would move in. They felt this was not a significant impact and no treatment and no removal of infected trees was advised, but it was recommended they do follow up monitoring and seed collection.

Gard Otis of Guelph University followed up and counted 2,480 blue ash. In 2006, no seed was produced although 130 were at a reproductive age. There was no concern as blue ash produces seed at irregular intervals and it was a poor seed production year for blue ash across southern Ontario.

Shelley Carson working with Otis did the final report in 2013. The last two green ash died. Almost 70 blue ash remain generally unchanged. Some of the blue ash were infected but most were unaffected. A few had exit holes but these showed healing. “While a few blue ashes that had exit holes on their trunks had dead crowns, there remained many healthy epicormic shoots on the trunks in virtually all of these instances. It therefore appeared that blue ashes continued to have some resistance/tolerance to EAB infestation,” reported Carson.

However, Carson also reported an unexpected observation; ash is surviving in the park, not just blue ash. (U.S. researchers have previously reported ash surviving in forest settings,)“By the conclusion of the study in 2011, the number of emerging EABs was low contrasted to the peak in 2009 despite the persistence of many healthy ash trees within the study plots. The rate of crown health decline also decreased from 2008 to 2011. Fewer healthy crowns became damaged, and more of the overall decline was a result of mortality of already infested trees. This supports the conclusion that fewer trees were being infested within the study plots. Further, during a brief census in October 2013 many trees were observed to be not only surviving, but thriving, despite the presence of infested and/or dead ash trees around them.”

The suggestion is: “Reasons for this are unknown; while it is possible that the healthy trees that remained are resistant to EAB, this has not been known to occur in other locations, and it is more likely that the beetle population dispersed to a more desirable location containing hosts that were more suitable.”

Guelph University has done blue ash seed collections but they are clear. They are collecting the seed because the tree is rare and they started the collection long before we heard of EAB. Ric Jordan, Manager of the Guelph University Arboretum, said they sent a group to Windsor this spring to look at blue ash. They found lots that survived and a few that succumbed. “It is not the initial food source for EAB but we don’t know much about it. We don’t even know where to start looking.”

2014 is the third year since EAB was discovered in Guelph and the arboretum and the University have treated most of the susceptible ash on the property with TreeAzin. “Almost all ash over 10cm dbh were treated. It was decided they make a significant contribution to the landscape. TreeAzin will be used on a two-year cycle unless we decide a specific tree is extremely valuable.”

The collection has about 30 blue ash grown from seed collected all over the province in the eighties. Blue ash was planted for its rarity and the collection has supplied seed for restoration and distribution of the species.

“Blue ash is a fantastic tree. For whatever reason, it could be

the ash that goes on to represent the species as an urban tree. In the ice-storm our blue ash lost only a few branches. It is not fast growing. It has a different structure then the other ash. It doesn’t like it super wet but otherwise it does well in urban areas.”

A spokesperson for Parks Canada said, “The loss of ash trees in the park may not have a major ecological impact, the loss of any species would diminish the biodiversity of the park, which negatively affects ecological integrity. The evidence so far is that the infestation does not kill all ash trees and that many affected trees continue to sucker from dead trunks, ensuring their

survival for many years to come.

“Blue ash, given its rarity in Canada and its status as a Species at Risk, is especially important for the park to monitor and protect. Parks Canada has a proven track record of effective recovery for species at risk. Since no mortality of the park’s blue ash trees have been recorded to date, the recommended course of action is to collect seeds and continue to monitor and contribute to research.”

Will Blue Ash survive EAB?

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Tree roots in urban areas often cause structural damage to adjacent roads and sidewalks. Heaving of sidewalk slabs is not unusual and many cities have a policy in place to inspect and correct these problems as they are identified. These policies are generally designed to provide the responsible department with a current assessment of sidewalk conditions, so that defects and likely tripping hazards can be identified and repaired in a timely manner.

The re-inspection interval is established in the policy, along with the minimum vertical difference that will trigger the need for repairs. There may be several levels of heaving identified, in order to classify the problems into those most in need of attention and those that need to be monitored but are presently not deemed to be too serious.

By extension, and court decisions have reinforced this approach, not every elevation difference along a sidewalk will automatically be classified as a tripping hazard. In other words, a “Standard of Perfection,” where there were never any variations in the sidewalk surface, is unlikely to be met or to be required. Cities or municipalities are not insurers for members of the public using the sidewalks (Bracken v. City of Vancouver et al, 2006 BCSC 136. Assman v. Etobicoke, 1997 OSCJ).

As long as the sidewalk inspection policy is reasonable and has been reasonably implemented, unfortunate accidents resulting from tripping will not automatically result in successful claims of negligence (Hugh v. Vancouver (City) 1981 BCSC; Lennox v. New Westminster (City) 2102 BCSC 410; Pamaran v. The Corporation of the City of Victoria, 1996 BCSC; Tambeau v. City of Vancouver 2001 BCSC).

There are cases where the standard of care was found

to be lacking, and liability has ensued. For example Kirwan v. London (City), 2011 ONSC deals with a sidewalk in an unacceptable state of repair (though not caused by tree roots).

There is an expectation that the users of sidewalks will do so exercising some degree of due care and attention; that is they should be watching where they walk or run to some degree. If it can be proven that the user was not paying attention some degree of contributory negligence may apply (Furlong v. Cambridge (City), 2009 ONSC).

These cases suggest the following cautions for cities and municipalities responsible for sidewalk maintenance. A well written policy is essential. It should consider including:- the types and scale of sidewalk elevation changes and a classification of them- the manner in which sidewalks will be inspected and by whom- the procedure used to respond to citizen complaints about sidewalks problems- the frequency of inspections, perhaps based on level of use- the actions necessary to correct problems once they have been identified- the time frame in which problems will be corrected.

Julian Dunster is not a lawyer and the above should not be construed as legal advice. If you have an issue requiring legal advice please consult a lawyer. Additional case law can be found in the book Arboriculture and the Law in Canada. Copies are available from Julian Dunster. [email protected] www.dunster.ca Julian Dunster also maintains an extensive data base of Canadian case law involving trees. Please contact him for more information.

Tree roots and sidewalksPolicy and inspection are critical

As long as the sidewalk inspection policy is reasonable and has been reasonably implemented, unfortunate accidents resulting from tripping will not automatically result in successful claims of negligence.

Heaving of sidewalk slabs is not unusual and many cities have a policy in place to inspect and correct these problems as they are identified.

Dunster & Associates Environmental Consultants Ltd.

Dr. Julian A. Dunster R.P.F., M.C.I.P. ISA Certified ArboristASCA Registered Consulting Arborist

Tree Risk Assessor # 1Honourary Life Member ISA and PNWISA

Risk Assessments - Expert Witness - Appraisals Tree Protection - Urban Design - Policies and Bylaw Development

Research and Training

4621 Cliffwood Place, Victoria, B.C. CanadaT:(778) 433 8465 C:(778) 977 1395

[email protected] www.dunster.ca

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2555 f-a TreeService_543XP.qxp_Layout 1 May/13/2014 10:30 AM Page 1


Fail to prepare... prepare to failIn order to prepare for an aerial rescue it is helpful to know what kind of emergency would likely occur. Statistics and usual work scenarios can help narrow the focus. Statistics show that struck-bys and electrical contact are the most frequent cause of accidents and fatalities. However, actual rescues are often performed as a result of trapped or pinned scenarios.Workplace accidents and fatalities are categorized based on the cause of the incident. There are six categories commonly used:

1) Struck-bys or contact with an object: A worker is struck or hit by an object, and in the case of arborists it is usually a tree or branch falling on them.

2) Exposure to harmful substances: This includes electricity, sour gas or even water. For tree workers, electrical contact is the leading cause of exposure incidents.

3) Falls: Every year several accidents and deaths occur when arborists fall from trees or aerial lifts. The most common cause of falls is being disconnected or cutting through fall protection and/or work positioning system.

4) Transportation accidents: A worker is injured or killed in a vehicular accident. Arborists need to drive as part of our job and injuries and fatalities can occur.

5) Assaults or violent acts: This is an infrequent incident in the arboriculture industry. There are few incidents in which upset people assault or injure a tree worker.

6) Fire or explosion. This is also an infrequent incident in our industry. To my knowledge no tree worker has ever been burnt or blown up on the job. These last two categories show police officers and firefighters have a much higher rate of incidents.

Based on the statistics, the best form of protection is wise work planning and clear communication. Prevention is the best form of emergency response preparation.

However, accidents do happen and it is wise to be prepared for what may occur. In most situations when an emergency arises, professionals should be notified as standard op-erating procedure and the crew on scene should act as a support and work under the direc-tion of emergency personnel, attending to the casualty and performing first aid until help arrives and then proceeding as per their instruction.

In certain cases, a crew member is likely to be best suited to perform the rescue. One example of this could involve a spar pole situation where a worker is injured while rigging down or removing a tree and it is likely that spurs need to be involved in the rescue. Pro-fessional rescue crews are not equipped with spurs, and if access prohibits the use of a lad-der truck or lift another arborist on spurs would be best suited to perform the rescue.

The spar pole rescue scenario is one that is realistically likely to occur and worth prac-ticing as many tree companies perform these types of removals on a frequent basis. There are unique challenges involved in rescuing a person who is incapacitated on spurs. The most obvious is getting the weight of the casualty off the spurs which can often be dug deep into the wood.

The next challenge is lowering the casualty safely to the ground. Practicing rescues almost always reveals limitations that may be present in work practices. One common limitation is rescuing a worker who is using spurs and only a lanyard. The absence of a climbing system gives the rescue a significant challenge, because in order to lower someone safely a rope system must be employed.

Many times after practicing a spar pole rescue, it is decided that a company or organi-zation will implement standard operating procedures for climbing with spurs that includes using a climbing system in conjunction with a lanyard. In this way if a rescue is required, a climbing system is already in place and it is much easier to rescue a climber using their climbing system. The rescuer should always inspect the casualty’s climbing system for safety and integrity before using it to lower the climber.

Due to the wide variety of equipment and climbing systems used by tree workers it is impossible to describe only one way to rescue an injured worker from a spar pole on spurs, and again the need for training and practice is evident.

Trapped or pinned rescue practice.

Spar pole rescue.


The following is a rescue checklist:

1.) Try to make contact with the casualty by calling out. Try to get as much information about what happened as possible through verbal communica-tion. If there is no response from the casualty then it is advisable to ascend to the casualty as efficiently and safely as possible. Remember that you are no good if you become a second casualty.

2.) Request the designated crew member to call 911 and inform the operator that it is a high angle situation. The caller should be pre-selected in the job pre-plan. In addition, the pre-plan should state the site address or location, so that the caller has this readily available in an emergency. The rescuer cannot both perform a rescue and call 911.

3.) Gather first aid supplies and assemble the climbing equipment and system appropriate for the incident.

4.) A) Ascend to the casualty and administer first aid until professional help arrives.

B) If the casualty is not breathing, begin descent.

5.) Proceed as emergency personnel directs.

When it comes to practicing rescue scenarios it is important to follow the “low and slow” rule. Always practice close to the ground and perfect the rescue technique before trying it at height. Remember fail to prepare . . . prepare to fail.

TREE ACADEMYSaturday–Sunday, August 2–3

• hands-on 3-hour workshops • earn up to 9 ISA CEUs• $85 per academy before July 9

ITCCSaturday–Sunday, August 2–3

• top tree climbers compete for the title of world champion

• demonstration of best practices and the latest techniques

Conference Activities

TRADE SHOWMonday–Tuesday, August 4–5

Walk the trade show and see the latest in:• tree equipment • diagnostics tools• herbicide and fertilizers• climbing gear• professional goods and services

CLIMBERS’ CORNERMonday–Tuesday, August 4 –5

• educational demonstrations for the tree worker

• earn up to 7.5 ISA CEUs

2014 ISA Annual International Conference & Trade Show

EDUCATIONAL SESSIONSMonday–Wednesday, August 4–6

• hear about the latest research• learn from colleagues• network with other industry

professionals• earn up to 16 ISA CEUs

Registration Information—Pre-Register by July 9ISA Members —$495 USD; Non-Members—$625* USD Full-conference registration: Includes Sunday Opening Ceremony and Welcome Reception, Monday – Wednesday Educational Sessions, and Monday–Tuesday Trade Show.

Hosted by: Milwaukee, WI, US — August 2–6 2014

(*Non-member rate includes an ISA Professional Membership for the 2015 membership year, which begins on September 1, 2014)

For detailed information on registration and hotels visit www.isa-arbor.com/conference.

When it comes to practicing rescue scenarios it is important to follow the “low and slow” rule.

A sample pre-plan document.

Professional rescue crews are not equipped with spurs, and

if access prohibits the use of a ladder truck or lift another

arborist on spurs would be best suited to perform the rescue.


ACC IDENT REPORTS

UNITED STATES• On April 6, a worker with David DiBonaventura

dba Timberland Tree, in Ventura, Fayetteville, North Carolina, died from a fall while cutting tree branches.

• On March 27, a worker with TJB Enterprises, Inc., from Salkum, Washington, was struck and killed by a falling limb while performing tree cutting operations.

• On March 22, a worker with Graham County Land Company of Hannibal, Ohio, was struck and killed by falling tree.

• On March 10, a worker with Aloha Tree Service, in Long Beach, California, died from a fall while performing tree trimming operations.

• On February 28, a worker with East Coast Mines & Materials Corp., in East Quogue, New York, was killed after being engulfed by mulch.

• On February 21, a worker with Vintage Gardens Nursery & Feed, in Portola, California, was struck and killed by a falling tree.

CANADAMost Canadian provinces reported no injuries this quarter including Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba. Saskatchewan is experiencing computer issues and could not report this quarter.

ONTARIO

Ontario reported one critical injury and seven non critical injuries this quarter. • On April 26, a tree-trimmer was knocked out of a

tree by branch.Non-critical injuries include:• On May 17, two workers were cutting trees. The

chainsaw slipped and hit the second worker’s leg.• On March 19, a worker was trimming trees and

was hit by a falling branch. • On April 7, a worker was cutting a tree when

struck by a tree limb.• On April 10, a worker was trimming trees using a

chainsaw, when the worker was hit by chainsaw.• On April 14, a branch fell forcing worker to fall

onto chainsaw.• On April 14, two workers were removing limbs. A

branch came down and hit chainsaw into worker.

BRITISH COLUMBIA • On Vancouver Island a worker experienced

fractured vertebra and an unknown shoulder injury. The certified faller was seriously injured when struck by a dead cedar danger tree (18 inches

in diameter, 76 feet tall) that fell from inside the falling face.

• Also on Vancouver Island, a worker experienced multiple fractures of body and leg. The faller was struck by a sucker limb 27 feet long (8 inches in diameter) that came down as he was wedging the hemlock tree being felled.

• A worker experienced multiple fractures of one leg in February. The worker was falling a cedar tree (3 feet in diameter, 100 feet tall). As the tree started to fall, the faller tried to retreat to a safe location but lost his footing and fell. The butt of the cedar tree struck the faller.

• A worker experienced temporary loss of consciousness, concussion and head laceration when delimbing a tree on Vancouver Island in February. The worker was holding the base of a ladder when an overhead tree branch that was being cut by the worker on the ladder fell and struck the ladder. The branch contact with the ladder caused the base of the ladder to strike the first worker. He was thrown backwards onto the roadway. The branch was about four inches in diameter and 20-25 feet long.

BY PAT K E R R

Although forestry accident reports are often full of dramatic chainsaw and tree fall injuries, Worksafe BC says the largest number of workplace incidents in the forest industry are musculoskeletal, or sprains and strains. They state these injuries cause: decreased income and reduced work performance. As well, other workers on team must work harder, the project takes longer, the costs for the job are increased and it is harder for the injured worker to complete his/her duties. Prevention techniques include: use equipment that fits and is appropriate for conditions; ensure adequate sleep, nutrition and hydration; start at a slow, steady pace to warm up each day; use proper techniques and neutral body posture; pace yourself; maintain equipment; wear shock/vibration absorbing gloves. When an injury does occur, make sure ice or cold packs are used immediately and the symptoms are reported. Nova Scotia started a program in 2004 called Direct Access. This program avoids significant delays in medical management and returns employees with strains and sprains sooner by allowing early intervention and encourages employers to bring the workers back on modified or lighter duties. The concept is to reduce costs to the industry group by lowering the length of time workers are off work. Julie Trites of WCB NS said, “This approach espouses a ‘rehabilitate at work’ philosophy. Namely, the physiotherapist is required to call the employer to start discussions about the worker’s functional ability and transitional return to work options within the first five days of injury.” “When we began this program back in 2004, soft tissue sprain/strain injuries had an average duration of around 12 weeks. When we began using Direct Access, we saw an approximately 40 per cent reduction in sprain/strain durations. In 2001, the average was 5.5 weeks, in 2009 5.1 weeks and in 2012, 4.1 weeks. Since introducing the program, employers are more engaged in the return to work process and more transitional duties are being offered. Because more people are being accommodated at work this has resulted in reduced number of time loss days, decreased costs and improved return to work outcomes. Injured workers are also more engaged in their recovery and the return to work process,

and in many cases they can stay at the workplace while recovering with no loss of earnings.” Jamie Noonan of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association said, “Eight provinces/territories now have direct access for WCB.” Each province has separate rules but injured workers in these regions can contact a physiotherapist or sometimes a chiropractor before they see their personal physician and still have the service covered by the provincial worker’s compensation. This avoids the delay between appointments, starting treatment sooner. For B.C. see: http://www.worksafebc.com/health_care_providers/Assets/PDF/IB201162.pdfFor Alberta:http://www.wcb.ab.ca/pdfs/providers/HCP_physiotherapists_first_reporters.pdfSaskatchewan:http://www.wcbsask.com/care-providers/physical-therapists/Manitoba: http://www.wcb.mb.ca/sites/default/files/files/Physio%20Manual%20-%20May-2011.pdfOntario:http://www.wsib.on.ca/en/community/WSIB/OPMDetail?vgnextoid=1f37fcea9bfc7210VgnVCM100000449c710aRCRDNova Scotiahttp://www.wcb.ns.ca/app/DocRepository/5/News/Direct_Assess_Physio_Background.pdf )Newfoundland Labrador:http://www.whscc.nf.ca/physiotherapists.whsccYukon:http://wcb.yk.ca/Document-Library/Policies/Health-Care-Services/LIB0079.aspx

Sprains and strains largest number of injuries in B.C.


NEW PRODUCTS

Great Careers ...Great Jobs.

Immediate Positions for Tree trimmers and Foremen, Utility Line Clearing and Residential/Commercial Arborists

Positions available in most areas across Canada

Davey Representatives & Contacts:

BC & AB Residential Tree Care Mike Nash 1-800-465-6367 [email protected], Vancouver, Victoria, Edmonton & Calgary

AB, BC, SK Utility & Line ClearingAlberta - Daniel Gregory (780) 428-8733 [email protected] - Mark Turnbull (250) 755-1288 [email protected] SA - Steve Soderstrom (780) 428-8733 [email protected]

Ontario Residential Tree Care & Utility Line Clearing Mike Nash 1-800-465-6367 [email protected], Kitchener, Hamilton, Mississauga, Toronto, Muskoka, Ottawa, Niagara

The Davey Tree Expert Co. of Canada, Ltd.Ancaster, ON and Nanaimo, BC

An Equal opportunity Employer

Visit www.daveytree.ca

The latest in herbicides for brush controlUtility foresters are facing increasing pressure from their stakeholders to manage brush cost effectively and increase site safety with minimal impact on the environment. At the same time, overgrown vegetation can interfere with utility reliability and put safe access to railway, pipeline and other rights of way at risk.

Now, there’s an easier and more effective solution they can count on. In May 2014, DuPont™ Navius™ VM was approved for use in Canada. It is expected to be available in Ontario in July, following classification by the Ontario Pesticide Advisory Committee. The product is easy for application crews to work with, has a favourable environmental profile and helps vegetation managers do their jobs in harmony with the communities they serve.Easy for application crews “DuPont™ Navius™ VM has a lot of new benefits that application crews and their customers will love,” says Margaret McIntosh, launch manager at DuPont. “There’s no daily application limit, workers can re-enter as soon as sprays have dried, and there is no respirator required for mixing or application.”

The new technology helps customers maintain reliable power delivery and safe access to track, pipelines and other rights of way with a product profile that is new to brush management. The product has an extremely low use rate, meaning crews now need only deal with grams, not litres of herbicides. That allows for

less handling, hauling and storage. And, Navius™ VM tackles hard-to-control conifers, including spruce.

“Utility Foresters and other Vegetation Managers will be happy because the job gets done right the first time, freeing crews up to complete other vital work,” McIntosh says.Favourable environmental profileStudies have shown that the active ingredients in Navius™ VM have low toxicity to mammals, birds and insects and are rapidly absorbed and eliminated in warm — and cold-blooded animals — and they do not bio-accumulate.In harmony with your communityCommunities will feel at ease with DuPont™ Navius™ VM because it controls difficult-to-control brush species including maple, pine and spruce, but it is selective to many perennial and native grasses, allowing non-target plants to stay green.

“There’s low to no odour with DuPont™ Navius™ VM, and the natural looking results can leave little evidence a herbicide has been used at all,” McIntosh says. It leaves landscapes as they are meant to look—minus the brush that can cause big problems for our Canadian infrastructure, and our customers’ businesses”

DuPont™ Navius™ VM is sold in Canada by Engage Agro, and can be ordered through Univar Environmental Sciences.

EVENTS

JULY 2014

July 27-Aug 2: Wisconsin, USA

Stihl Tour de Trees

http://stihltourdestrees.org/

AUGUST 2014

Aug 2-6: Milwaukee, Wisconsin

ISA 90th Annual International Conference and Trade Show

www.isa-arbor.com/events/resources/events_Conference_2014RegBrochure.pdf

SEPTEMBER 2014

Sept 25: Everywhere!

National Tree Day

www.nationaltreeday.ca

Sept 30-Oct 2: Victoria, BC

Canadian Urban Forest Conference

www.cufc11.ca/en/


www.craneandhoistcanada.comTo subscribe by phone call 1-800-661-0368

The Voice of Canada'sHeavy Lifting Industry

BY SHIRLEY BYERS

Summer time is a good time to be in the tree service business. There’s lots of work and working conditions are probably as good as it gets for the boys and girls out climbing the trees. Folks back in Accounts Receivable are also hitting their most hectic season. If that’s you, here are a few sugges-tions to keep your summer sweet.

1. If you’re not already doing so, install software such Quick-Books and track your Accounts Receivable. Such a system will allow you do your invoicing, bookkeeping and billing, track sales, scan receipts and pay employees all in one place. And, you’ll be ready for tax time too.

2. Be quick to bill. The sooner you invoice your clients and customers, the sooner you are likely to receive pay-ment. The customer is less likely to find problems with a prompt invoice as the services provided should be fairly fresh in their minds.

3. Offer many ways to pay. If you can accept credit cards and services such as PayPal as well as cash you’ll reduce accounts receiv-able and bills on credit, and the

extra costs associated with credit cards will be offset by a reduction in administrative costs.

4. Offer discounts for early pay-ment. Everybody likes a bargain. One popular credit term is 2 %/10, Net 30 Days which means that a cli-ent receives a 2 per cent discount if they pay within 10 days and the total balance is due within 30 days of the date of the invoice.

5. Deal decisively with delin-quent accounts. It’s a sad truth but people have been shown to prioritize pay-ments based on how much of a hassle they expect to receive. (The squeaky wheel gets the grease?) Don’t take this to the extreme. Aim for polite, gracious and firm.

6. Consider working out a pay-ment plan if customers cannot pay all at once.

7. Make sure customers are aware you add interest to over-due accounts.

8. Consider Insuring Accounts Receivables: Accounts receivable insurance can be costly and works best when you have a lot of high value receivables and a lot of uncollectibles. And, there can be restrictions on types of customers and balance limits. AON, a company that is in the business of Accounts Receivable insurance, states on their website that AR insurance can:

• Reduce bad debt significantly. • Reduce bad debt reserves, free-

ing capital for investment.• Expand your market to buy-

ers or developing markets that would otherwise be considered too risky.

• Gain a competitive advantage by being able to offer customers more liberal payment terms.

And one further advantage: AR insurance is tax deductible.

For an example of an application for AR insurance go to: http://www.gccrisk.com/global-commer-cial-credit-application-forms.php

9. Submit to a collection agency. Collection agencies can tend to be quite aggressive in their collection efforts but they usually charge based on amounts collected, so there is no upfront cash outlay.

Sounds good, but what about people in the real tree service world? How many of these suggestions do they follow? We talked to Christine Siemens, office manager at CLC Tree Services in London, Ontario, and An-nette Wilpstra, Accounts Payable and Receivable, at Arborotech in Strathroy, Ontario, to find out. Christine already uses Quick-Books and Arborotech is making the switch to that system. Chris-tine charges two per cent monthly interest on overdue accounts, but she hasn’t had to do that in a very long time. She offers no discounts for early payments. Annette says she usually gives customers an extra month (after the first month) before she charges interest. She also does not offer discounts for early payment. Both are prepared to consider alternate payment plans. Neither company carries Accounts Receiv-able insurance. Christine looks at AR reports weekly and sends reminder state-ments to any accounts due over 10 days. She sends statements again after another 10 days and makes phone calls at the 30 day mark. If she still has not heard in three or four more days the bill goes to the company’s collection agency, which first sends out a pre-col-lection letter. The pre-collection letter notes the date of the invoice and warns that if payment isn’t received collection will take place. “The last time I had to send out a pre-collection letter was a year ago,” she says. Arborotech doesn’t use a collec-tion agency. So far, they haven’t needed to. Annette’s not quite sure why, possibly, she says with a chuckle it’s her secret, sweet reminder calls. “Well, I don’t get angry. I say, ‘You know you’re a little late.’ They say they’re so sorry and then in a few days there’s a cheque. Yeah, we don’t get mad and we don’t call a collec-tion agency. For regulars we don’t charge interest on the overdue balance.” Joking aside, she says she has no idea why, but in the ten years she’s worked at Arborotech there have been maybe three customers who didn’t pay.

BUSI NESS

Eight ways to make summer time better in accounts receivable

The sooner you invoice your clients and customers, the sooner you are likely to receive payment.

6 issues

from $36per year


PUB: Tree Service Canada AD #: DUP-NAV-001014-TSCPrint Production Contact: FORMAT: Newspaper FILE: 02-39118-DUP-NAV-001014-TSC-NWS.pdf

Chris Rozak TRIM: 10.25" x 13" CLIENT: Dupont West

RedWorks Delivery/Technical Support: (416) 945-2388 JOB #: P.DUP.DUPCMW.14005.K.011

O G I LV Y O P E R AT O RK B

PA S SF I N A L

With all land management products, always read and follow label instructions carefully.

The DuPont Oval logo, DuPontTM, The miracles of scienceTM and NaviusTM are registered trademarks or trademarks of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. E. I. du Pont Canada Company is a licensee. Member of CropLife Canada. © Copyright 2014 E. I. du Pont Canada Company. All rights reserved.

COUNT ON DUPONT TO HELP KEEP YOUR CUSTOMERS OUT OF THE DARKManaging vegetation on utility rights of way requires a balance of effective control andenvironmental responsibility.

That’s why we developed new DuPontTM NaviusTM VM herbicide. NaviusTM VM can help you provide uninterrupted power to your customers by keeping challenging brush species such as maple, pine, spruce and poplar out of the right of way. With an exceptionally low use rate and favourable environmental profile, NaviusTM VM delivers maximum convenience and productivity while providing selective control and preserving desirable vegetation.

For more information contact your Engage Agro Representative, call the DuPont Land Management Support Centre at 1-800-667-3925 or visit navius.dupont.ca.

Trim: 10.25”

Trim: 13”


www.banditchippers.com | 1.800.952.0178 | Remus, MI - USA

You Deserve the Best.There are thousands of reasons why professionals all around the world turn to Bandit for chipping and grinding equipment. Rugged construction. Custom-built machinery. Excellent fuel economy. Exceptional performance. These are just a few reasons, but there’s one reason that trumps them all. When you buy a Bandit, it’s not just another purchase. It’s an investment. An investment into your company. Your livelihood. Your future. For 30 years, companies large and small have trusted Bandit to build the equipment they need. So shall it be for 30 more. There’s no reason why you shouldn’t own a Bandit... so what are you waiting for?

Invest in your future today—invest in a Bandit.

Invest in experience.

MODEL 990XP

SHARE YOUR BANDIT STORY!#INVESTINBANDIT

VISIT YOUR NEAREST AUTHORIZED DEALER LOCATION

NORTHLAND CHIPPER SALES, LTD.#104 - 20551 LangLey Bypass

LangLey, BC V3a 3e8pH: 1-800-665-2447

ARBORIST SUPPLY CO.30 artist View DriVeCaLgary, aB t3Z 3n4

pH: 403-240-3993

POWERTECH240 rODOLpHe Besner - Unit 40VaUDreUiL - DOriOn QC J7V 8p2

pH: 1-888-892-7777

Model 1590XP18” DIAMETER CAPACITYDRUM-STYLE BRUSH CHIPPER

As we look back on 30 years of success, we are extremely grateful to all the hard working professionals in the tree care industry that have made us the company we are today. the first Bandit chipper was built in 1983 by just six people in a small mid-Michigan shop; today that shop is part of 240,000 square feet of manufacturing space, staffed by a workforce of over 400 to produce nearly 50 different innovative wood processing machines sold all around the world.

We’ve stayed close to the professionals who use our equipment, asking for your input to make these machines even better. as a result you’ve helped us grow through the years, from hand-fed chippers to whole tree chippers, horizontal grinders, stump grinders, forestry mowers, and the expansion continues for 2013.

We couldn’t be more proud of this industry and the dedicated people who show up every day to suit up, rope in, climb, cut, chip, and grind – then get up early the next morning to do it all again. it’s a tough job, and we thank you for trusting us to help you do it. From everyone at Bandit industries, thank you for 30 great years. trust us when we say the best is yet to come.

30 years OFINNOVATION...

Made possible by partners like you.

Model 2250HYDROSTATIC DRIVE

STUMP GRINDER

NORTHLAND CHIPPER SALES, LTD.#104 - 20551 LANGLEY BYPASS

LANGLEY, BC V3A 3E8PH: 1-800-665-2447

ARBORIST SUPPLY CO.2222 33 AVE SW

CALGARY, AB T3Z 3N4PH: 1-888-240-3993

POWERTECH240 RODOLPHE BESNER- UNIT 40VAUDREUIL-DORION, QC J7V 8P2

PH: 1-888-892-7777

HEPBURN ENTERPRISES INC.7945 WILKES AVE

HEADINGLEY MB. R4H 1B4PH: 1-866-258-6078

WWW.HEPBURNENTERPRISES.COM

MODEL 2250

Documents

Tree Service Canada Magazine Issue #29 Summer 2014