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It was a warm Sunday morning,the breeze sweeping aside the lastwisps of summer, and 31 studentsfrom Pelham Gardens MiddleSchool in the Bronx had signed upto spend the day indoors, at ashowcase for New York City’spublic high schools.

The annual fair kicks off thecity’s high school application sea-son in September, and JaydaWalker, 13, arrived with a plan.

An eager young woman with aneasy smile, Jayda wants to be a di-vorce lawyer, and at the fair, heldat Brooklyn Technical HighSchool, she planned to focus onschools with a legal theme, locat-ed in Manhattan.

She had already looked throughthe high school directory, an in-timidating tome the size of an old-fashioned phone book, andthought Manhattan offered morevariety. Besides, she said, she

wanted to get out of the Bronx.She and her classmates arrived

early and were at the front of theline, with hundreds of people be-hind them eager to get inside.

But for many of the studentsfrom Pelham Gardens, and otherslike them, it was already too late.The sorting of students to topschools — by race, by class, by op-portunity — begins years earlier,and these children were planted atthe back of the line.

Under a system created duringMayor Michael R. Bloomberg’sadministration, eighth graderscan apply anywhere in the city, intheory unshackling themselvesfrom failing, segregated neighbor-hood schools. They select up to 12schools and get matched to one byan algorithm. This process waspart of a package of Bloomberg-era reforms intended to improve

The Broken Promise of ChoiceIn New York City High Schools

By ELIZABETH A. HARRIS and FORD FESSENDEN

Applying to high school is just one area in which Ayana Bryantadvises students at Pelham Gardens Middle School in the Bronx.

CHRISTIAN HANSEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page 18

PALM BEACH, Fla. — For localofficials here, it was one thing tospar with Donald J. Trump, the de-veloper, over the height of his ficushedges, the crowds at his EltonJohn concerts and the roar of jetengines over his private club,Mar-a-Lago.

Mr. Trump would often threatenor cajole. The government wouldoften push back, impose fines orendure lawsuits.

But dealing with Donald J.Trump, the president, is anothermatter entirely.

Since he was elected, officials inPalm Beach County have quicklygranted President Trump’s clubpermission to build a concrete he-lipad, allowed the club to host acharity event for the Navy SEALFoundation featuring a stagedshootout between some comman-dos and pretend terrorists, andagreed to assume the costs, fornow at least, of closing roads andproviding additional security. Be-hind every decision was a balanc-ing act between a desire to bestserve constituents and a politicalinstinct not to anger the nation’schief executive.

“Someone asked me, ‘Do youfeel like you’re going to get into asort of combative situation with

That NeighborWho Grouses?Now President

By MICHAEL LaFORGIAand STEVE EDER

MARK ZEROF/USA TODAY SPORTS, VIA REUTERS

John Velazquez rode the 3-year-old to victory on a soggy trackat Churchill Downs on Saturday. SportsSunday, Page 1.

Always Dreaming Wins Kentucky Derby

WASHINGTON — In a subur-ban Chicago district, KellyMazeski, a breast cancer survivor,used the day of the vote to repealthe Affordable Care Act to an-nounce her House candidacy,vowing to make RepresentativePeter Roskam pay for his vote “tomake Americans pay more andget less for their health care.”

In western New York, Lt. Gov.Kathy Hochul has stirred talk of acongressional race with her slash-ing criticism of RepresentativeChris Collins, who rallied fellow

Republicans to vote for the healthmeasure, then conceded in a na-tional television interview that hehad not read the bill.

And in suburban Philadelphia,Chrissy Houlahan, an Air Forceveteran challenging Representa-tive Ryan A. Costello, said shewould make Mr. Costello’s deci-sion to support the bill in commit-tee, before opposing it on the floor,a central issue.

It is far too early to determinewhether 2018 will bring a politicalwave, but the House’s approval ofa deeply unpopular health carebill on Thursday has handedDemocrats a potent line of attackfor the midterm elections. While

Republicans believe that fulfillinga seven-year promise on healthcare will energize their base nextyear, Democrats are anticipatinga backlash that may put in jeop-ardy a Republican House majoritythat once seemed unshakable.

Democrats are recruiting chal-lengers aggressively, even in con-servative-leaning districts, im-portuning an eclectic group ofcould-be candidates that includesa Minnesota gelato baron, a for-mer candidate for governor ofKansas and the mayor of Syra-cuse.

“No district is off the table,” saidRepresentative Ben Ray Luján of

Democrats Pounce, Seeing Path to Retake HouseBy JONATHAN MARTIN

and ALEXANDER BURNS

Continued on Page 15

From Akron to Youngstown andCanton to Cleveland, as in citiesand towns across the country,workers who once walked out offactories at the end of each shiftnow stream out of hospitals.

While manufacturing employ-ment has fallen nearly 40 percentin northeastern Ohio since 2000,the number of health care jobs inthe region has jumped more than30 percent over the same period.In Akron, the onetime rubber cap-ital of the world, only one of thecity’s 10 largest employers stillmakes tires. Three are hospitals.

“People who used to make de-liveries to factories are nowmaking them to hospitals,” saidSamuel D. DeShazior, Akron’sdeputy mayor for economic devel-opment.

Akron’s transformation is ech-oed in places as varied as Los An-geles, Birmingham, Ala., andPittsburgh, along with rural areaslike Iron County, Mo., where

health care accounts for one-fifthof all employment.

The outsize economic role of theAmerican health care industryheightens the risks posed by theRepublicans’ effort in Washingtonto repeal the Affordable Care Act,enacted in 2010 under PresidentBarack Obama, and it comes at adelicate moment for the broadereconomy.

While the government reportedFriday that unemployment was atits lowest point in more than a dec-ade, the health care industry hasbeen an engine for much of thathiring, adding jobs at more thanthree times the rate of the rest of

Health Act Repeal Could Threaten Job EngineBy NELSON D. SCHWARTZ

and REED ABELSON1 in 8 Private Workers

May Be Affected byShift in Sector

Continued on Page 14

Palm Beach County, Fla., granted a helipad at Mar-a-Lago, where disputes with local officials eased after President Trump’s election. DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page 26

PARIS — France’s presidentialelection on Sunday has alreadybroken all kinds of barriers in acountry whose politics seemedfrozen for decades. The two candi-dates are outsiders. The politicalestablishment has been elbowedaside. The tone of the race be-tween the insurgents has shockedmany for its raw anger and inso-lence.

Then, barely an hour before theofficial close of campaigning atmidnight Friday, the staff of thepresumed front-runner, Emman-uel Macron, a 39-year-old formerinvestment banker, announcedthat his campaign had been thetarget of a “massive andcoordinated” hacking operation.

Internal emails and other docu-ments, some real, some fake, ac-cording to the campaign, wereposted on 4chan, an online mes-sage board favored by white na-tionalists, in an apparent effort toaid his rival, Marine Le Pen, 48,the far-right leader.

Saturday was a surreal day inFrance. The dramatic timing ofthe leaks, coming just as Frenchlaw mandated a 44-hour mediablackout before and during Sun-day’s critical presidential runoff,jolted the final hours of the race.

Government officials warnedthat there could be charges filedagainst those who violated thelaw. The French media largely ob-served the blackout, offering little

about the content of the hacking,which so far appeared to involvemostly mundane exchanges.

Le Monde, the influential dailynewspaper, posted a note explain-ing to readers that it had obtainedthe leaked documents but wouldnot be publishing any of them be-fore the vote, saying that they hadbeen released “with the clear goalof harming the validity of the bal-lot.”

But the hacking attack suc-ceeded in sowing still more confu-sion in a race that was alreadyamong the most unpredictable inmemory. Even before the last-minute attempt at sabotage, theelection represented a big stepinto the political unknown forFrance — the first time in morethan 50 years that neither of theestablishment parties will be rep-resented in the final round.

Instead, voters will choose oneof two starkly different candidateswho have each pledged to changethe system, though in radicallydifferent ways.

Ms. Le Pen, a fierce nationalist,wants to take France out of theEuropean Union and restore thefranc. Mr. Macron, a centrist whoformed his own party, EnMarche!, wants to push marketand labor reforms to make Francemore competitive and deepen itsties to the European Union.

“The experienced politicians

Hacking Gives Final Jolt To France’s Chaotic Race

Searing Battle May Leave Lasting Divisionsas Country Steps Into the Unknown

By ALISSA J. RUBIN

Continued on Page 10

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico — An-gel González, a retired school-teacher facing a 10 percent cut tohis pension, is beginning to won-der whether his three-personhousehold will have to cut back toone cellphone and take turns us-ing it.

Santiago Domenech, a generalcontractor with $2 million of hissavings tied up in bonds PuertoRico just defaulted on, once had450 employees. Now he has eight.His father-in-law, Alfredo Torres,owns Puerto Rico’s oldest book-store, but it has been going down-hill for two years.

“The government is bankrupt,”

said Bernardo Rivera, 75, a pri-vate bus driver who sometimesearns only $40 all day. “Everyoneis bankrupt. There is nothing left.People who do not have jobs donot take the bus to work.”

These are some of the voices ofPuerto Rico’s business owners,retirees and public servants whoare caught in the middle — theywould say the bottom — of thelargest local government insol-vency in United States history.Faced with a $123 billion debt itcannot pay, Puerto Rico filed for akind of bankruptcy protection on

Fiscal Fears Grip Puerto RicansFacing ‘Sacrifice Everywhere’

By FRANCES ROBLES

Continued on Page 17

Militants released dozens of the nearly300 schoolgirls kidnapped three yearsago from the village of Chibok, theNigerian president said. PAGE 8

INTERNATIONAL 4-12

Boko Haram Said to Free GirlsThe most costly part of the diesel emis-sions scandal may have been the cover-up after regulators raised suspicions, aTimes writer says in a new book. PAGE 1

SUNDAY BUSINESS

Inside Volkswagen’s TrickeryBoys who fled civil war in Sudan havebecome standouts for the SavannahPride basketball club in Australia, catch-ing the eye of U.S. recruiters. PAGE 1

SPORTSSUNDAY

From Refugees to RecruitsJudy Woodruff of “PBS NewsHour” isan enduring role model in a majority-female newsroom that is still feeling theloss of her co-anchor, Gwen Ifill. PAGE 1

SUNDAY STYLES

PBS’s Woman of the Hour Ai Weiwei PAGE 12

SUNDAY REVIEW

U(D547FD)v+#!;!_!=!/

Late Edition

VOL. CLXVI . . . No. 57,590 © 2017 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, SUNDAY, MAY 7, 2017

Today, clouds, sunshine, afternoonshowers, cool, high 60. Tonight,cloudy, chilly, low 44. Tomorrow,partly sunny, breezy, cool, high 56.Weather map appears on Page 16.

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