ECOS 2000EUR0T11ERM

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FROM

THERMO-ECONOMICSTO

SUSTAINABILITY

G.G. Hirseditor

Part 1: ECOS 2000 Proceedings, Universiteit Twente, Nederland

TOCUB/TIB Hannover 89121 270 858

ECOS 2000 CONTENTS

Part 1 : From THERMO-ECONOMICS to sustainability

Keynote lectures

Exergy and Energy - In Memoriam Prof.Dr. Willem van GoolF.M.J.A. Diepstraten pag. 19

Thermodynamics. Key discipline for the design of a sustainable societyJ. de Swaan Arons, H.J. van derKooi » 29

Entropies of Statistical Mechanics and Disorder Versus the Entropy ofThermodynamics and OrderE.P.Gyftopoulos »43

1.1 Ther mo-economics

Exergy- aided cost optimization using Evolutionary AlgorithmsS. Uhlenbruck, K. Lucas » 69

An integrated thermoeconomic modeling and optimization strategy foraircraft/aerospace energy system designJ.R. Mufioz, M.R. von Spakovsky » 79

Thermoeconomic analysis of Advanced Solar-Fossil CombinedPower PlantsM. Kane, D. Favrat, K. Ziegler, Y.Allani » 113

Benefits of the Advanced Cheng System in a Deregulated EnergyGeneration MarketM.A. Saad, D.Y. Cheng, A.L.C. Nelson, II, B. Davari » 127

Carbon Exergy Tax (CET): impact on conventional energy systemsdesign and its contribution to advanced systems utilisationA.F. Massardo, M. Santarelli, R. Borchiellini » 139

Thermoeconomic Analysis Method for Cogeneration PlantsV. Athanasovici, O. Le Cone, G. Brecq, M. Tazerout » 157

Optimization of Thermal Storage Based on Load Graph of ThermalEnergy SystemJ.C. Cao pag. 165

Structural Optimization of Marine Thermal Systems via aThermo-Economic AnalysisA. Gogan » 177

About the application of Extended Exergy Analysis to the Optimizationof Industrial Systems Using Cost/Quality RatioI.Ionita » 187

Thermo-economic criteria of energetical marine plants optimal designT.Panait, C. Gheorghiu, K. Uzuneanu, L. Costiuc » 199

Thermoeconomic Aspects of Vacuum Pump Replacement in theCondensor of a District Heating Co-generative PlantM. Sekavecnik, M. Pavlin » 205

Optimal design of nonisothermal flat-plate solar collectors based onminimum entropy generation methodM. Torres-Reyes, B.A. Ibarra-Salazar,M.Picon-Nunez, J.G. Cervantes-de G » 213

Exergonomics in Electrical EngineeringE. Yantovski »225

Thermoeconomic analysis method for optimization of combined heatand power systemsJ.L. Silveira, C.E. Tuna » 233

Thermoeconomic optimization of the retrofit of an existing steamcycle power plantM. Biirer, D. Favrat, S. Pelster »245

1.2 Applied Thermodynamics

About the Thermodynamic Evaluation of Energy Conversion Systemswith more than Three Significant Energy FlowsF. Ziegler »259

On the Performance of Irreversible Combined Heat Pump Cycles/. Chen, Z. Yan, L. Chen, B. Andresen pag. 269

A General Hamiltonian Theory for Optimization of Sequential EnergySystemsS. Sieniutycz » 279

Some Thermodynamic considerations on the physical and quantumnature of space and timeS.H.Sohrab »291

Distillation optimized by thermodynamic geometryB. Andresen, P. Salamon » 303

A thermodynamic approach towards turbulent diffusive reactive flows.D. Isvoranu, M. Marinescu, D. Stanciu » 313

Robust Implementation of Process Simulators and Their AssociatedModelsB. Elmegaard, N. Houbak » 325

Entropy Generation Rate in Reacting FlowsD.Stanciu, D. Isvoranu, M.Marinescu » 333

Pareto optimization in exergonomicsE. Yantovski, Z. Yu » 343

Second Law Analysis of the Turbulent Flat Plate Boundary LayerD. Stanciu, M. Marinescu, D. Isvoranu » 357

Thermodynamic Method of Determination of Solid Material PorosityS. Postrzednik, Z. Zmudka » 367

Oxygen enrichment of combustion airG. Bisio.A. Bosio » 379

Structural Analysis of the Resource Procurement, Allocation andConsumption in Very Large Complex Systems via the ExtendedExergy Accounting MethodE. Sciubba, D. Milia » 391

Practical verification of thermodynamic data qualityJ. Gorski pag. 405

Availability without entropy: An Application to Refrigerant R134aK. Ozekmekci, A. Oztiirk, S. Onbasioglu »415

1.3 Energy conversion1..3.1 Gas and Steam Turbines

Cogeneration of Network Heat in the Set of Humid Air TurbineJ.Szargut »423

Energy as well as exergy evaluation of overall performance ofcombined gas-steam power plantsF.F. Huang, T. Naumowicz »435

Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of New ConceptCombined Cycle "Chemical Gas Turbine" SystemT. Yamamoto.T. Furuhata, N. Aral, K. Mori »447

Simulation of Gas Turbines Operating in Off-Design ConditionA. Walter »457

Analytical solutions and typical characteristics of combined cyclepart-load performancesN. Zhang, R. Cai »469

Combined-Cycles with Supplementary Firing as Peak-PowerGenerating FacilitiesA. Penninger, B. Czinkoczky, T. Veer »481

An integrated Approach for the Assessment of Energy ConversionPlantsA. Mirandola, A. Stoppato, S. Tonon »491

The impact of blade materials on long-term gas turbine profitabilityK. Jordal, T. Torisson, U. Linder » 503

Power control in the gas turbine section of a co-generation plant byair cooling and steam injectionG. Dumitrascu, B. Horbaniuc, O. Marin, O. Charon » 515

Determination of the optimum nominal power rating of a back-pressuresteam turbine in the co-generation system of waste-steam utilizationA. Ziebik pag. 533

On Energy Diagnosis of Steam Power Plants: a Comparison amongThree Global Losses FormulationsM. Reini, R. Taccani, A. Giadrossi » 545

On the rational selection of reheat pressure ratios in supercritical steamcyclesR. Satyakam, A. Malhotra » 557

Thermodynamic Optimisation of The Operative Parameters for theHeat Recovery in Combined PlantsC. Casarosa, A. Franco » 565

Selection Of Replacement Coal For Existing Thermal Power PlantsB. Drobnic, J.Oman » 577

Development of a High Level Steam Addition Gas Turbine CogenerationSystem using Two-Stage CombustionT. Furuhata, D. Zhao, N. Arai, H.Kubota, Y.Hishazumi, S. Sugiyama » 587

A Study on Water Recovery and Re-use for the HAT (Humid Air Turbine)CycleR.P. W. Poels, W.L.R. Gallo » 599

Part 2 : From thermo-economics to SUSTAINABILITY1.3.2 Piston Engines

Simulation of the small-scale CHP system performance for given heat andelectricity load profilesJ. Kalina, J. Skorek » 627

Optimal swept volume ratio and gas particle trajectories in Stirling enginesP.Stouffs »639

Heat transfer conductance or area minimization in a Stirling cycle engineM. Feidt, M. Costea, S. Petrescu » 647

Determination of the pressure losses in a Stirling cycle through use of aPV/Px diagramS. Petrescu, M. Costea, T. Florea, C. Harman pag. 659

A New Methodological Approach of Sizing and Operation Optimizationfor Cogeneration by Internal Combustion EnginesR. Dupleac, M. Tazerout, B. Leduc » 671

Work of the Internal Combustion Engine Fuelled with the Gaseous FuelS. Postrzednik, Z. Zmudka » 679

Exergy and Pinch Analysis of Diesel Engine Bottoming Cycles withAmmonia-Water Mixtures as Working FluidM. Jonsson, J. Yan » 691

Effect of supercharging pressure on internal combustion engineperformances and pollutants emissionsP. Podevin, G. Descombes, C. Charpentier »703

Performance analysis of a Diesel Engine Cooling SystemN.Eskin » 713

1.3.3 Miscellaneous energy conversion

Steady-state Model of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systemor Automotive ApplicationsK. Johansson, P. Alvfors » 725

Energy Analysis of a Hybrid Electric BusD. Jackovitch, R.F. Boehm, Y. Baghzouz »737

Hybrid Photovoltaic/Diesel Systems for Isolated Communities in theBrazilian Rain ForestE. Bazzo, R. Rtither, D.C. Martins » 745

Thermal Systems Analysis and Evaluation of Space Based Laser PowerSystem Architecture ConceptsB. Donovan, J. Beam, M.L. Ramalingam » 755

Terrestrial Unmanned Power System Applications Based on advancedEnergy Conversion TechnologiesT. Lamp, M.L. Ramalingam pag. 771

The Pumping of Gas-Solid MixturesN. Baran, D. Stanciu » 785

Consideration related to the Energetic and Ecological Performances ofSmall Hot Water Boilers in accordance to the Romanian Legislation/. Ionel, C.V. Ungureanu, L.M. Dungan » 791

Evaluation of Removing Pipe Fire Insulation in an Oil and GasProcessing Plant by Using Dynamic SimulationsW.He »8O3

1.4 Heat pumps and cooling

Experimental study of an Absorption Heat-Transformer using a partiallymiscible mixtureD. Alonso, T. Cachot, F. Husson » 813

Development of Thermodynamic Models for a Stirling Cooler andValidation against Numerical Model and Experimental DataS. Bhattacharyya, G. Wake » 823

A modification of the conventional adsorption refrigeration cycle toimprove the specific cooling powerR.G. Oliveira, V. Silveirajr., T.G. Kiekbusch » 835

In-tube Evaporation of Natural Refrigerant R 290 (Propane)X.H.Nan, C.A. Infante Ferreira » 845

Ice slurries or brines in cold distribution systems?J.W. Meewisse, C.A. Infante Ferreira » 857

Feasibility and Design of Leakage Experiments on a Running TwinScrew CompressorJ. Prins, C.A. Infante Ferreira » 869

Studies of the performance of the ammonia water absorption refrigeratingplant with regenerative heat exchange between absorber and evaporatorS. Porneala, M. Neagu, D.C. Porneala pag. 881

R12, R134a, R502, R407a. Generalized compressibility charts withisentropic exponents. Thermodynamic efficiency of refrigerating cyclesA. Stegou-Sagia » 889

Simulation of the Wet Compressor for Compression/Resorption HeatPumpsD. Zaytsev, C.A. Infante Ferreira » 899

Analysis of the Real Thermodynamic Cycles of CompressorThermotransformers working with mixtureT. Morosuk., L. Morosuk » 911

Energy Performance Targeting and Design of ThermochemicalRefrigeratorsM. Sorin, B. Spinner, D. Stitou » 919

Optimization and Fault Evaluation of a Building's Cooling Plant usingNeural NetworksD.D. Massie, M.B. Bailey » 941

1.5 Sustainable production

Sustainability Context Determining Energy ResearchH.J. van derKooi » 955

Towards sustainable energy systemsN. Woudstra » 965

Alternative routes for ethanol production from renewable resourcesJ. Mulder, H.J. van der Kooi, J. de Swaan Arons, J. Dewulf. » 979

The Principle Role of Electrochemistry in the Energy Supply of the 21stCenturyK. Hemmes, S.F. Au, G. Bart, N. Woudstra » 995

Modeling and control of a vertical earth heat exchangerM.Gr. Vrachopoulos, K.H. Kiritsis, A.E. Filios, CM Tzivanidis » 1003

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The indoor surface thermal capacitance model used in the analysis of nightventilation of buildingsK.A. Antonopoulos, C. Tzivanidis, E.P. Koronaki pag.1013

Energy saving and thermal comfort during intermittent operation ofspaceheating systems in the Athens climateK.A. Antonopoulos, M. Vrachopoulos, C. Tzivanidis » 1023

Effects of orientation on the dynamic thermal response of typical Greekbuildings in the summer climatic conditions of AthensK.A. Antonopoulos, C. Tzivanidis » 1035

Life Cycle Assessment and Exergetic Life Cycle Assessment of aCO2 Low Emission Power CycleL. Lombardi, G. Manfrida » 1047

An Innovative Energy Cycle with Zero CO2 EmissionsA. Fioravanti, L. Lombardi, G. Manfrida » 1059

A quasi zero emission O2/CO2 combined cyclePh. Mathieu, R. Dubuisson, S. Houyou, R. Nihart » 1071

Further elaboration of quasi-combined zero-emission power cycleE. Yantovski, J. Gorski » 1083

LCA Estimation Scheme of Co-generation Systems ReconcileEnvironmentally and Economically Eco-operations with a NETS ConceptN. Maruyama, S. Kato, Y. Kojima » 1093

Methodical Design support for LCA-designW.Zeiler » 1105

General Exergy Balance of a System with Variation of EnvironmentalConditions and Some ApplicationsY. Gogiis, U. Camdali » 1117

Exergetic Life-Cycle AnalysisR.L. Cornelissen, P.A. van Nimwegen, G.G. Hirs » 1131

Aspect Ratio Effects on the Freezing and Melting Processes Inside aThermal Storage CellA. Hernandez-Guerrero, S. Aceves-Saborio,E. Cabrera-Ruiz, R. Romero-Mendez pag. 1143

Stress Analysis of Formed Bed of Micro-encapsulatedHydrogen-absorbing AlloyA. Hideyuki, T. Nakagawa, A. Inomata, T. Miura » 1157

Thermodynamics Based Sustainability ConceptM.P.G. Sewalt.M.E. Toxopeus, G.G. Hirs » 1169

Hydrogen from Supercritical Water by in-situ oxygen transfer to organicsubstratesJ.M.L. Penninger » 1181

Part 3: Eurotherm seminar 652. PROCESS INTEGRATION2.1 Process systems

Process Integration as a Decision-making Tool for Cost-effectiveGreenhouse Gas Reduction in IndustryA. Adahl, S. Harvey, T. Berntsson » 1213

Process Integration in the Danish Food Industry. A Case StudyH. Dalsgdrd, L.Munkoe, B. Qyale » 1225

Some thermodynamic bases for design of energy saving chemicalprocessesI.LLeites » 1235

Through exergy approach to more efficient processesP.J. Ploumen, F.J.J.G. Janssen » 1247

Gas turbines for crude oil heating; new process integration opportunitiesfor refineriesE. Goudappel » 1259

Indirect and mixed direct-indirect heat integration of batch processesbased on Pinch AnalysisP. Krummenacher, D. Favrat » 1285

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Conceptual Design of Water Re-Use NetworksM. Sorin, S. Bedard ... pag.1299

Exergy Analysis of Sodium Tripolyphosphate ManufactureL. Atanasova, D.A. Rasheva » 1321

Thermodynamic Estimation of the Environmental Impact of MineralFertilizers Production and Use: Simulation Modeling with GeneralizedNetsZ. Kirova-Yordanova, K. Atanassov, N. Nikolov, N. Nikolova » 1329

Proposal for revamping of a Colombian nitric acid plant considering pinchtechnology and thermoeconomicsM. Mora, E. Castillo » 1341

Exergy Analysis of the Production of Whey Protein ConcentratesK.J. Ptasinski, J.M.K. Timmer, G.J.C. Kraaijveld » 1351

Exergy Analysis of the Akzo Nobel Carbon Disulfide ProcessA.H. van der. Zijde, H.J. van der Kooi,T. van Pelt, J. deSwaan Arons » 1363

Application of Plate Heat Exchangers in Optimization of HeatExchanger NetworksL. Wang, B. Sunden » 1381

Exergy Analysis of Food Snack Process by EUDR. Taprap, S. Raungrusmee » 1393

Process Integration of Ironmaking Blast Furnace with MethanolSynthesisJ. Yagi, T. Akiyama » 1401

Optimum Operation of a Thermal Plant with Cogeneration and HeatPumpsM. Dentice d'Accadia, M. Sasso, S. Sibilio » 1411

Exergy Analysis and Environmental Impact Assessment of CementProduction: Tanzania and South African Case StudiesP.P.A.J. van Schijndel, F.J.J.G. Janssen, G. Mrema, I.L. Greeff. » 1425

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2.2 Process units

Reducing the Energy Demand of Continuous Distillation Processes byOptimal Controlled Forced Periodic Operation/. Bausa, G. Tsatsaronis, T. Jockenhovel pag.1437

Minimizing Entropy Production Rate in Binary Tray DistillationG.M. deKoeijer, S. Kjelstrup » 1451

Exergy Analysis of Hydrotreating UnitY. Chung, HE. Cho » 1461

Exergy Balance in a Distillation ColumnM. de Lourdes Oliveira Maia, R.J. Zemp » 1469

Exergy Analysis of a Diabatic Distillation System for NaphthaStabilizationR. Rivero, L. Monroy » 1477

A Case Study on Retrofit Design for Energy SavingO. Kincay, E. Bolat » 1491

Minimizing the Entropy Production for the Methanol ProducingReaction in a Methanol ReactorS. Kjelstrup, E. Johannessen, A. Rosjorde » 1503

Exergetic Analysis of Anaerobic Digestion of Stillage: Case Study inBrazilC.P. Pinto, S.A Nebra, L.A.B. Cortez » 1517

Prediction of local deposition rates for gas-side particulate fouling inrefuse waste incineratorsM.C. van Beek, C.C.M. Rindt, A.A. van Steenhoven, J.G. Wijers » 1529

Exergy Analysis of a Reactive Distillation System for MTBEProductionR. Rivero, M. Garcia » 1543

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2.3 Processes with combined heat and power

Demand Variability and Mis-Matches in the Cogeneration of Powerand Process HeatY.El-Sayed, Y. Gogtts pag.1555

Designing industrial cogeneration systems with the help of a geneticalgorithm: an application for an oil refineryR.A. Almeida, A.H.M, Santos, S.V. Bajay » 1567

Exergetic analysis of a natural gas cogen plant in a sugar refinery inOporto - PortugalL.M.D. Peixoto Braga, C.F.A. Afonso » 1575

Predicting Performance of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration System withInlet Air CoolingD.B.E. Santo, W.L.R. Gallo » 1587

Absorption Refrigeration Systems in Cogeneration - ThermoeconomicAnalysis of a System Using Natural Gas in BreweryA.G. Gallego, G. Martins, S.A. Nebra » 1597

Thermoeconomic Analysis of Cogeneration in a Brazilian Sugar-AlcoholFactoryE.R. Barreda del Campo, S.A. Nebra » 1609

Cogeneration in the Brazilian sugar cane sector: future scenarios andthe new legislationM.A. Teixeira, L.F. Milanez » 1621

Thermoeconomic Evaluation of Cogeneration Systems for aChemical PlantM. deSousa Teixeira, S. de Oliveira Junior » 1631

2.4 Tools for design and optimization

Graphical Analysis on Performance of an Entire System Based onExternalsM. Ishida, M. Yamamoto » 1645

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Exan Pro: A tool for the instant visualization of steady state processesusing Energy and Exergy AnalysisA.J.G.G. Graveland pag.1657

Optimization of Energy Utilization In The Course of Material ProcessingK. Babets, E.S. Geskin » 1673

Application of Darbotek computer code to a sample heat exchangernetworkS. Ozkan, S. Dincer » 1683

PRODESign. A program for optimisation and dimensioning of energyconversion systemsA.C.B. denOuden » 1691

A method for assessing the potential of regional utilisation of low-gradeheatH. vanPoelje » 1705

Towards an "Optimum Design of Energy Supply Systems"H.Boot » 1717

Industrial Application of the Exergy Concept Using IEUDA. Budiman, D. Harianja » 1735

A heuristic algorithm for drawing flow diagrams of energy systemsusing graph theoryD.N. Grekas, C.A. Frangopoulos » 1743

Part 4: Eurotherm seminars 66 en 673 BIOMASS, COAL AND OIL GASIFICATION3.1 Gasification technology, including design and future development

Fuel Gas from Biomass - Utilisation Concepts based on Lurgi CFBGasification TechnologyC. Greil, H. vanLeeuwen » 1773

Criteria for .Design of Gasifier and Syngas CoolerG. Keintzel, L. Gawlowski » 1783

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Biomass and Co-generationH.J. Veringa, H. den Uil, H. Mozaffarian pag. 1799

Gasification, pyrolysis and liquefaction of biomass at TNOG.Brem » 1813

Experiences with the Siemens Syngas Combustion System forIGCC ApplicationsA. Heilos, M. Huth, B. Kostlin, J. Karg » 1825

3.2 Operating experience of gasification plants

Polk Power Station IGCC Project - VA Years of OperationJ.E. McDaniel, Th.E. Berry, M.J. Hornick » 1843

Current Operating Status of M501G Gas TurbineT.Murase, Y. Tsukuda, E. Akita, Y. Iwasaki » 1857

Biomass gasification in Geertruidenberg, The NetherlandsW. Willeboer » 1869

3.3 Technology related to gasification

Air Separation Units, Design and Future DevelopmentR.J. Allam, H. Castle-Smith, A.R. Smith, J.C. Sorensen, V.E. Stein » 1877

The Flow of Liquid Coal-Ash Slag down the Refractory Wall of aGasifierJ.A. Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.G. Hirs, E. de Korte » 1889

3.4 Research on gasification aspects

System Analysis of Part Flow Humidified Closed Cycle Gas TurbinesFueled by BiomassM. Ahlroth, F. Dalili, M. Anheden, G. Svedberg » 1899

Study of the Performance for Coal-fired Combined Cycle with PartialGasification and Fluidized Bed CombustionN. Cai, T.Yu, J. Xiao » 1913

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The Pinch-method Applied on a Biomass Gasifier SystemF. Fock, K.P.B. Thomsen, N. Houbak, U. Henriksen pag. 1923

Efficiency of electric energy generation in gas-steam power plantintegrated with coal gasificationB. Zaporowski, J. Roszkiewicz, K. Sroka » 1933

Cogeneration Based on Gasified Biomass - a Comparison of ConceptsF. Olsson, T. Torisson » 1945

Optimisation of a Two-stage Combustion Process for High-PVC SolidWastes with HCI RecoveryR. Zevenhoven, L. Saeed, C.J. Fogelholm » 1959

Study on thermodynamic performance of various CFCC systemsL. Jiang, R. Lin, H Jin, R. Cai » 1971

4 ACOUSTICS OF COMBUSTION4.1 Combustion

NOx Reduction in Oil Fired Glass Melting FurnacesM. Tamura, M. Takei, J. Haas, S.Orsino, R. Weber » 1983

Pollutants Emission in the Counterflow Diffusion FlameS.A. Rashkovsky » 1993

Experimental Investigations of PAHs Formation in PremixedFlames of Gaseous FuelsR. Wilk, A. Ksiadz, A. Szlek »2005

Development of an Industrial Power BoilerE. Mozes, J.B.W. Kok »2013

Isothermal turbulent round jet optimizationD. Isvoranu, M. Marinescu, D. Stanciu » 2023

4.2 Thermoacoustic 1

Combustion Driven Oscillations in a Gas Turbine CombustorD.J. Abbott »2033

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Damage of hot gas components in gas turbine due to combustioninstabilitiesAJ.L. Verhage, H.J. Jansen, H Spiele pag. 2049

Effect of Burner Design Parameters on Thermoacoustic Stability ofAnnular Gas Turbine CombustorsW. Krebs, R. Walterskotter, P. Flohr, G. Walz, S. Hoffmann » 2061

Pulsations in hot blast stove burnersR. Boonacker, J. van den Bemt » 2079

Active and Passive Control of Combustion Oscillations in a 260 MWHeavy-Duty Gas Turbine/. Hermann, A. Orthmann » 2089

Numerical Simulation of self-excited Combustion Oscillations in a50kW burnerC.C. Hantschk, D. Vortmeyer »2103

4.3 Thermoacoustic II

Investigation of Thermoacoustic Oscillations in Combustion Systemsusing an Acoustic Network ModelB.B.H. Schuermans, CO. Paschereit » 2115

The Acoustic Behaviour of a Swirling Turbulent Non-premixed Coal GasFlameS.A. Klein, J.B.WKok » 2131

Numerical simulation of vortex shedding at the exit of an air/fuel-nozzleH. Schiitz, B. Noll, B. Lehmann, M. Aigner » 2143

Combustion Driven Oscillations in Gas Turbines: Theoretical PredictionandEvaluation of Passive Suppression MethodsU. Kruger, D. Bohn » 2155

The acoustic response of a burner stabilized premixed flat flameK.R.A.M. Schreel, R. Rook, L.P.H de Goey » 2167

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