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The Potential Role of Water Quality Modeling in Coastal Acidification Management. Damian C. Brady, Ph.D. Ira C. Darling Marine Center University of Maine August 1 st , 2014. The Potential Role of Water Quality Modeling in Coastal Acidification Management. …or whatchya gonna do about it?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Potential Role of Water Quality Modeling in Coastal Acidification Management
Damian C. Brady, Ph.D.
Ira C. Darling Marine Center
University of Maine
August 1st, 2014
The Potential Role of Water Quality Modeling in Coastal Acidification Management
Damian C. Brady, Ph.D.
Ira C. Darling Marine Center
University of Maine
August 1st, 2014
…or whatchya gonna do about it?
First of all…
• After we determine if acidification is a problem• Now what?...what do we do societally to ‘fix’ the problem
• I know of no model of pH/aragonite saturation/alkalinity/DIC that is currently used to make management decisions
But…there are interesting analogs to consider• We know that degradation of organic matter (and all
respiration) can contribute to lowered dissolved oxygen and pH…increased CO2
• We know that freshwater flow can bring in acidified water (Salisbury et al 2011)
• We know that eutrophication and reduce the buffering capacity of estuaries (Cai et al 2011)
• The relevant knob to turn becomes land derived nutrient and ‘pH’ loading…we’ve essentially been doing this for decades
NOAA
MODELS
• All models are wrong, some models are useful• Models come ins all sort of flavors and colors
• But broadly speaking many of the management models we talk about are either empirical/deterministic or process based
• There are advantages and disadvantages of both
Eutrophication and Hypoxia as Convenient ‘Models’
Empirical Model
• Develop a relationship between loading and hypoxic area (or “acidic” area
• Then show this relationship to farmers and kindly ask them to reduce May nitrate+nitrite loading
This is where your ecology/fisheries/resource
management is added
Empirical Models
• They assume your time series contains all possible scenarios
• Without process level understanding, you don’t know why your relationships work…some argue that without this understanding, predictions are doomed to fail…
Chesapeake Bay Program Decision Support System: “The Cadillac”?
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Management Actions
Watershed Model
Bay Model
CriteriaAssessmentProcedures
Effects
Allocations
Airshed Model
Land UseChange Model
ScenarioBuilder
Sparrow
Process Level Models are Complex and Data Intensive Our challenge will be to fold in the calculation of
aragonite saturation, DIC, pH, alkalinity into thes models
Then determine the size, severity, and duration of non-livable zones
But they give you more power to explore hypotheticals
Scales: Airshed to Watershed to Water Column to Sediments
Watershed Models
What do we have in Maine?
• An amazing hydrodynamic modeling infrastructure• http://www.norwich.edu/about/news/2008/050208-
cascoBayDyeMovie.html• An large monitoring network from DMR’s Division of Public
Health, Citizen Monitoring Groups, NGO’s, Universities, DEP, etc
• WHAT WE DO NOT HAVE?• Biogeochemical modeling• Watershed modeling• Ecosystem based approaches to dealing with abiotic
management issues
Existing Cobscook Bay Model
20 m in the outer Cobscook Bay
Existing Saco-Casco Bay Model
> 8 m in Saco> 20 m in Casco
Working on Downeast Model
100 m nearshore