Th

e L

egac

y o

f A

nci

ent

Ro

me

What We

What We

What We

What We N NNNeed to Know:

eed to Know:

eed to Know:

eed to Know:

Identify

Identify

Identify

Identifymajor co

ntributions of Rome and explain

explain

explain

explain

their influence

on m

odern society

Evaluate

Evaluate

Evaluate

Evaluate

the extent to which Rome’s contributions

influence

society today

Th

e L

egac

y o

f R

om

an A

rt

ORoman art was largely influence

d by the

Greeks.

O“G

reco

-Roman” is a term

referring to the

influence

of the Greeks and the Romans.

ORomans adopted art tech

niques from other

cultures

OFor example, Roman scu

lptors were

particularly good at making life-like busts

and statues.

Am

eric

an a

rtis

ts o

ften

ad

op

ted

a R

om

an s

tyle

to

ad

d n

ob

ilit

y to

scu

lptu

res

and

p

ain

tin

gs

of

her

oes

. T

he

Ro

man

sta

tue

on

th

e le

ft i

s th

e em

per

or

Au

gu

stu

s, t

he

Am

eric

an s

tatu

e o

n t

he

rig

ht

is t

he

firs

t p

resi

den

t o

f th

e U

.S.-

Geo

rge

Was

hin

gto

n.

Ho

w a

re t

hes

e st

atu

es a

lik

e?

Oth

er A

rt S

tyle

s in

th

e R

om

an W

orl

dMosa

ics

•A picture m

ade up of

small piece

s of tile,

glass, or co

lored

stone

Frescos

•Sce

nes painted on

the m

oist plaster of

walls or ce

ilings

with water-base

d

paints

Bust-m

aking

and

Scu

lptures

Ro

man

-In

flu

ence

d A

rt i

n

Mo

der

n T

imes

OAncient Roman influence

emerged during

the Renaissa

nce

period (1300s-1600s).

OMichelangelo revived the Greco

-Roman style

in m

any of his painting and scu

lptures.

OUnder the patronage of Pope Juliu

s II,

Michelangelo painted a famous fresco in

The Sistine Chapel that depicts sce

nes from

the bible.

ODuring the early years of the United States,

Roman-style statues were created

throughout Wash

ington ,D.C.

Mic

hel

ange

lo’s

fre

sco

in

th

e S

isti

ne

Ch

apel

Fin

anci

ng

th

e A

rts

OPatrons: citizens who sponso

r the arts.

OWealthy Roman families deco

rated their

homes with colorful murals and m

osa

ics.

Leg

acy

of

Ro

man

A

rch

itec

ture

an

d E

ng

inee

rin

g

OThe Romans borrowed the architectural and

engineering ideas of the Greeks and other

cultures but would improve on these

in ways

that future architects and engineers would

imitate.

Arc

hit

ectu

reOThe Romans often use

d three architectural

features to build

large structures.

1)

1)

1)

1)The Arch

The Arch

The Arch

The Arch

curved sym

metrical structure spanning an opening

curved sym

metrical structure spanning an opening

curved sym

metrical structure spanning an opening

curved sym

metrical structure spanning an opening

and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,

and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,

and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,

and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,

roof, or wall above it

roof, or wall above it

roof, or wall above it

roof, or wall above it

2) The Vault

An arch use

d for a ceiling or to

support a ceiling or roof

3) The Dome

Avault in the shape of a half-circle

that rests on a circu

lar wall.

Co

ncr

ete

OThe Romans were the first to m

ake

widesp

read use

of co

ncrete

OThe Romans use

d concrete to help them

build

bigger arches.

OConcrete is made by mixing broken stone

with sand, ce

ment, and water and allowing

the m

ixture to harden.

Th

e P

anth

eon

OThe Pantheon, is an example of Roman architecture

that is famous for its dome.

dome.

dome.

dome.

OIt was built as a temple to honor all of the gods of

Ancient Rome.

Th

e C

olo

sseu

m

OThe Romans invented a new type of stadium that co

uld

seat thousa

nds of sp

ectators.

OConcrete was use

d to build

tunnels into the stadium to

make it easy for sp

ectators to reach

their seats.

OThe Colosseum, where gladiators fought for the

entertainment of sp

ectators, is an example of the

Roman’s use

of the arch

Exa

mp

les

of

Ro

man

-in

flu

ence

d a

rch

itec

ture

OSU Football Stadium: The Horsesh

oe

Paris France

: L’Arc De Triomphe

Th

e U

.S.

Cap

ito

l B

uil

din

g

Discuss w/ your partner:

Discuss w/ your partner:

Discuss w/ your partner:

Discuss w/ your partner: W

hat features of

Roman architecture can you identify in the

U.S. Capitol build

ing? W

hat feature of Greek

architecture can you identify?

En

gin

eeri

ng

OThe Romans were the greatest build

ers of

roads, bridges, and aqueducts in Antiquity!

“All

Ro

ads

Lea

d t

o R

om

e”

Ro

man

Ro

ads

ORomans set the standard for road build

ing for more than

2,000 years.

OThey built m

ore than 50,000 m

iles of road throughout

the Roman Empire

OThey build

their roads using layers of stone, sa

nd, and

gravel

The Appian Way:

Originally built to

transport troops

Aq

ued

uct

sOAqueduct:

Aqueduct:

Aqueduct:

Aqueduct: a pipe or raised channel built to carry water

over a long distance

OSystems of aqueducts brought water from over 60 m

iles

away into the city.

OAqueducts su

pplied water to Rome’s wealthy citizens,

public baths and fountains

OThe ruins of these

ancient aqueducts ca

n still be seen

throughout Europe, North Africa, and Southwest Asia.

Leg

acy

of

Ro

man

Lan

gu

age

and

Wri

tin

g

OThe official language of the Roman Empire was

Latin.

OLatin remains influential throughout the world today.

OMany modern European languages developed from

Latin.

OWe still use

the Latin alphabet

O23 Latin Letters….we use

26 letters

OThe English language borrows heavily from Latin.

OLatin Prefixes

OLatin roots

Lat

in P

refi

xes

Lat

in R

oo

ts

Leg

acy

of

Ro

man

Lan

gu

age

and

Wri

tin

g

OThe calendar we use

comes from the

calendar adopted by Juliu

s Caesa

r.

OAugust honors Caesa

r Augustus

OSeptember co

mes from Latin m

eaning “the

seventh m

onth” (The Roman year started in

March, so

September was the 7

thmonth)

OOctober means “the eighth m

onth

Lat

in P

rove

rbs

OProverb:

Proverb:

Proverb:

Proverb: a popular saying

meant to express

something wise or true

OThe United States motto

was adopted from a Latin

proverb m

eaning, “O

ut of

Out of

Out of

Out of

many, one

many, one

many, one

many, one”.

Ro

man

Nu

mer

als

ORoman numerals

are use

d on clocks,

sundials, and pages

of books.

Th

e L

egac

y o

f R

om

an

Ph

ilo

sop

hy

OPhiloso

phy:

Philoso

phy:

Philoso

phy:

Philoso

phy: the study of wisdom, knowledge, and the

nature of reality

OThe Romans adopted a Greek sch

ool of thought ca

lled

Stoicism.

OStoicism:

Stoicism:

Stoicism:

Stoicism: the philoso

phy that a divine (godly)

intelligence

ruled all of nature.

OStoics believed:

O“living rightly”–living in a way that agreed with nature

OMust have good character

OMust possess virtues of se

lf-control and courage

ODuty and welfare of co

mmunity over personal co

mfort

Leg

acy

of

Law

an

d J

ust

ice

ORoman Law covered

OMarriages, inheritance

s, and contracts

OMany modern legal co

des in European countries

are base

d on ancient Roman Laws

OThe idea of Justice

OUniversal Law of justice that ca

me from nature

ONatural law—every person was guaranteed rights

Infl

uen

ce o

f R

om

an L

aw

and

Ju

stic

e

OThe Declaration of Independence

borrows from the

Roman’s idea of natural rights and natural law.

OMany people believe in the conce

pt of Natural

Rights (rights that ca

nnot be taken away)

OModern day judges make decisions on the ideas of

justice

Th

e L

egac

y o

f C

itiz

ensh

ipOInitially, to be “Roman” meant to be a citizen of

the city-state Rome. As the empire grew

citizensh

ip was granted to the expanding

territories.

OAll citizens of the empire were protected under

Roman Law, enjoyed the same rights, and were

loyal to the emperor

OIn the United States, citizens are:

Oborn in America

or

Oare immigrants who are granted citizensh

ip

OThe rights and resp

onsibilities of citizensh

ip are

outlined in the Constitution and Bill of Rights