The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan 1

The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

Chapter 7


Principles and Learning Objectives

• The Internet is like many other technologies—it provides a wide range of services, some of which are effective and practical for use today, others are still evolving, and still others will fade away from lack of use.

– Briefly describe how the Internet works, including alternatives for connecting to it and the role of Internet service providers.

– Identify and briefly describe the services associated with the Internet.



• Originally developed as a document-management system, the World Wide Web is a menu-based system that is easy to use for personal and business applications.

– Describe the World Wide Web and how it works.– Explain the use of Web browsers, search engines,

and other Web tools.



• Before the Internet and the World Wide Web become universally used and accepted for business use, management issues; service and speed issues; and fraud, security, and unauthorized Internet sites must be addressed and solved.

– Identify who is using the Web to conduct business and discuss some of the pros and cons of Web shopping.

– Outline a process for creating Web content. – Describe Java and discuss its potential impact on the software

world. – Define the terms intranet and extranet and discuss how

organizations are using them. – Identify several issues associated with the use of networks.


Use and Functioning of the Internet


Use and Functioning of the Internet

• ARPANET• Internet Protocol (IP)• Wireless Internet• Research for a faster Internet

– Internet2 (I2)– Next Generation Internet (NGI)– Corporate efforts


Routing Messages Over the Internet


U.S. Internet Usage


How the Internet Works

• Hosts• Routers forward packets to other networks• Internet Protocol Stack (TCP/IP)

– Internet Protocol (IP)– Transport Control Protocol (TCP)

• Backbones


Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

• http://www.course.com

Hypertext transfer protocol

World Wide Web Domain category

Host Network Name

http://www.course.com/


U.S. Top Level Domain Affiliations


Accessing the Internet

• Connection via a LAN server– Network adapter card– Open Datalink Interface (ODI)– Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS)


Accessing the Internet


Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

• Provide Internet access to account holders• Monthly fee varies • Some are free


Internet Service Providers (ISPs)


Internet Services


Internet Services


Internet Services


E-mail and Instant Messaging


ICQ


Usenet Newsgroups


Internet Phone and Videoconferencing Services


Other Internet Services


The World Wide Web


The World Wide Web

• Menu-based system that uses client/server model• Hypermedia• HTML, XML• Web browsers• Java• Search engines

– Keyword indexes: fast & broad– Subject indexes: focused searches


Interesting Web Sites


Hypertext Markup Language


Google


Popular Search Engines


Java


Java


CVS.com


Intranets and Extranets


Intranet

• Internal corporate network built using Internet and World Wide Web standards and products

• Slashes the need for paper

• Provides employees with an easy and intuitive approach to access information that was previously difficult to obtain


Intranet


Extranet

• A network that links selected resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners.


Internet, Intranet, and Extranet Users


Virtual Private Network


Developing Web Content

• Computer must be linked to a Web server• Need Web browser program• Add links to home page • Advertise• Tools

– Word processors– HTML editor– HTML template– Text editor


Push Technology

• Used to send information automatically over the Internet

• Relies on HTTP or Java technology• Drawbacks include:

– Information overload– Volume of data broadcast


Business Uses of the Web

• E-mail• Linking buyers and sellers• Tool for marketing, sales, and customer support• Low-cost alternative to fax or express mail


Net Issues

• Management issues

• Service and speed issues– Routers can become bottlenecks– Connection agreements


Net Issues

• Privacy– Cookie: text file placed on the hard disk of a computer system

• Fraud• Security with encryption and firewalls

– Digital signature– Cyphertext– Cryptography

• Unauthorized sites


Cryptography


FedCIRC


The Web in Three Dimensions


Summary• Internet - started with ARPANET, a project started by the

U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)

• Internet services include:– E-mail – Telnet– FTP– Usenet and newsgroups– Chat rooms

• Web site - like a magazine, with a cover page called a home page that has graphics, titles, black and highlighted text

Documents

The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets