The Intermediate

Modern English Course

Second year

(abridged)

CONTENTS page

Lesson Seven 4 Text: "Ball of Paper" by William Cooper. Grammar: Modal Verbs must, can (could).

Lesson Eight 25 Text: "The Case for the Defence", G. Greene. Grammar: Modal Verbs (contd.) May (might).

Lesson Nine , 44 Text: From "The Hotel" by Arthur Hailey. Grammar: Tenses. Voice. Subjunctive Mood. General Review.

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LESSON SEVEN

Text: "Ball of Paper" by William Cooper1

Grammar: Modal Verbs must, can (could)

BALL OF PAPER I was in my lab2 one afternoon. It must have been about half-past

five, anyway, time to think about going home. There were a couple of observations I wanted to make before I went and it was a quarter of an hour before I could make the second check. During that quarter of an hour the wretched Johnson incident happened.

I decided to use the spare time filling up a form. This form was to do with Johnson's promotion. Johnson had got to go up for an interview3

and he couldn't go till the form was completed. I'd given our Establish­ment Officer4 my word that I'd definitely do it before I went home this afternoon. I was Johnson's senior officer and whoever read that particu­lar bit of paper was probably going to pay some attention to what I said on it. I hoped they would anyway.

Since Johnson came to me he'd done a good job as an Experimental Officer." I could put my hand on my heart and say that. But he was not everything he ought to be. He was inconsistent, inconsistent in a way I just somehow couldn't put up with.

I'm not consistent at all myself. I work in bursts and keep irregular hours. But I can see the sense in that. I couldn't see the sense in the way Johnson went on. Re wasn't consistent intellectually. He wasn't consistent in his attitude either. More than once I caught him going behind my back for something he wanted. In fact, he'd have done me one or two dirty tricks if I hadnt found out and stopped him. But that's the personal side of it. What really bothered me was the way he was erratic in his ideas.

To be fair to the man, I've got to admit that he'd had a lot of experi­ence. He had some good ideas as well I'd even go so far as to say one or two of them were really good, far beyond what you could expect from an E. O.4 He'd also had quite a few bad ones, in fact bad is hardly the word for them. They were blunders. On top of all he had an ungovernable temper.

It was a very difficult decision to make. Moving Johnson up from E. O. to S. S. O.4 was risky, A man as erratic as Johnson is a risk anywhere. In our kind of work he's a menace, But I had to admit that as the years went by he was getting more sensible. He was having his good ideas just as often and he was making blunders less frequently, I was coming round to thinking the risk might be worth taking. These were the lines I was

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thinking along, and I should have gone on thinking along them if John­son hadn't come into the room that evening just at the critical moment. I suppose you must have guessed that Johnson thought the reason he had­n't succeeded in getting promoted already was because I'd given him a bad write-up,5 that I was responsible for the delay. Mind you, it was a difficult thing to do, to get the kind of appointment he was aiming at. Johnson had it fixed in his head that a poor write-up from me would not permit our people to promote him. As usual he was exaggerating: I'd first reported impartially on his actual work, and then given my personal opinion of the risk of making him an S. S. O. After that it was up to them. On the last two occasions the Commission had come down on my side of the line. Now I'd come to the conclusion that the line didn't quite stand where it did. The man was definitely taking himself in hand, both in his ideas and in his personal behaviour. I thought the risk was defi­nitely less than it had been, and I was prepared to say so. And that, I thought, might that this time Johnson would get what he wanted.

I picked up my pen. Now I'd got down to it, the job was not as dis­agreeable as it might have been. I was just reading the form over before I put my name to it when the door flew open. It was Johnson. I could tell by the look in his eyes that he knew what I was doing.

I shall now have to describe the lab. It was what's called a hot lab.6

This means there are radio-active substances about the place that can do you serious harm if you expose yourself to too much radiation from them. You've probably seen pictures of people working in hot labs, handling things by remote control, wearing protective clothing and all the rest of it. The labs are air-conditioned, they don't have any windows and they are constantly being swept and polished. What caught your eye when you came into my lab was an object called a coffin7 in the middle of the floor. A coffin is a large brick-shaped block of solid lead with a cavity on the top. Lead is one of the best materials for stopping radiation. At the bottom of the cavity lay a uranium slug-that's where the radiation was coming from. The slug was fresh from the reactor. What goes on in an atomic pile is this. Bars of uranium, called slugs, are pushed along channels through the reactor, and while they're there fission of the uranium takes place, so that when they come out at the other end they've been partly transformed into piutonium and fission products. What I have to draw your attention to is that the longer the slug has been in the pile, the more active it's likely to be when it comes out.

I can't describe the experiments I was doing because they are secret. The only two things you need to know I actually can tell you. First, the

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slugs I was experimenting with had been kept in the reactor a long time. Second, the coffin I was using was one I had designed myself, and it gave very little protection. I didn't like that, naturally. But I couldn't do the experiments on the slug that I wanted to do unless I had that design of coffin. So there it was. When we weren't doing any experiments we covered the cavity over with lead bricks. When the bricks were off you had to keep way.

So there we were, Johnson and I facing each other. Johnson's eyes were bulging. His specs2 were slipping off his nose. "Oh. hello," I said. I put down my pen. "Hello, Curtis." He spoke in a menacing tone and what's more he dared to come and

stand not far from my elbow. I was used to dealing with him in this mood. I said:

"You've just come in time, Johnson. The next observation is due at -"I don't remember now actually what time it was, but I told him then.

"O.K.," he said. "That leaves us eight minutes. I wanted to have a word with you about that, Curtis."

"About what?" I said. "About that confidential report on me." There was no denying it. "I'm

not going to pretend it's not what you think it is, Johnson." I said. "It is." He came still nearer. His eyes were now popping out of his head, not

at me, but in an effort to read what I'd written. "What I'd like to know," he said, "is whether you're going to wreck

my chances again." "Who said I wrecked your chances before?" "Come off it,8 Curtis; you know you did. That's why I'm going to

have it out with you now. I want to know where I stand." "You seem to know more than I do." "For once I don't." I was pretty fed up9 with him. "I'm going to tell you what I've written about you, and then you can

judge for yourself. It'll be up to you then to decide whether I'm wrecking your chances or not. I've given a very fair account of what you've done so far. I've said I think there's a risk in putting you up to S.S.O. but" - I paused - I'd be willing to take it."

"If that's what you've written, let me see it!" I lost my temper with him. I don't lie. Nothing would make me lie.

Not about that sort of thing, anyway.

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"You're not going to see it." "Then that proves my point!" He jumped towards me and seized the

form. "Give that back!" I jumped up. To stop me getting it he crushed it into a ball between his hands.

"Give it back!" I pulled at his forearm and he pulled it away. The ball flew out of his hands, through the air, across the floor till it came to the coffin. "Come back!" He was already picking the ball of paper up, open­ing it, READING IT WHERE HE WAS STANDING.

I'd got the telephone receiver off and was asking for Health Phys­ics10 before I knew what I was doing. I was telling Health Physics what he'd done. I looked at him and put the telephone down.

"They're going to be here for you in about three minutes!" He said nothing and neither did I. When he did speak his eyes were fixed on my face. "Do you think I've got it?"

I said: "I think you've had something." I don't know why, but I sud­denly thought about his wife and kids.

I noticed him touching the film-holder on the lapel, as if he was making sure it was there. It was the sort of badge we all wear. It contains a piece of photo-graphic film between two thin sheets of lead with win­dows in the front one. when the Health Physics people develop the film they can tell the amount of radiation that has fallen on it. I suppose the first thing they'd do when they took him away now was develop his film. He must have been thinking the same thing.

Johnson couldn't have had a fatal dose,11 I was convinced of that. If he'd had the sort of dose I thought he'd probably get away with it. Then another thought occurred to me - it was a hundred to one the medicals would say he wasn't to come near any more radiation for quite a time. And it was beyond my power to do anything either. He had put himself out of just the job he wanted and just the job he was most useful for.

NOTES 1. William Cooper (1910): a modern English writer, critic and expert on

atomic energy. His main works are: "Scenes from Provincial Life" (1950); "Scenes of Married Life" (1961); "The Novel and Antinovel" (1961).

2. lab (coll): an abbreviated form of "laboratory". Note also: specs: spectacles; doc: doctor; bike: bicycle.

3. interview: a meeting to test the suitability of a candidate for a post. 4. Experimental Officer, Senior Scientific Officer; Establishment

Officer: terms loosely corresponding to the Russian: младший, стар-

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ший научный сотрудник; работник отдела кадров 5. write-up: (зд.) характеристика 6. a hot lab: лаборатория для исследования радиоактивных веществ 7. coffin: (зд.) контейнер, хранилище 8. Come off it! (coll): Stop pretending! 9. fed up: (si), sick and tired (of) 10. Health Physics study the ill-effects of ionizing radiation on hu­

mans and their protection from them дозиметристы 11. the fatal dose for man is put down at 400 r. (r. = roentgen = Rtgn.)

Roentgen W.K. (1845-1923) German physicist, discoverer of X-rays.

VOCABULARY

observe vt 1. наблюдать, следить (за) to observe planets (changes, smb's behaviour, etc.) 2. соблюдать, придерживаться to observe a rule (law, order, etc.); observation n наблюдение Phr. make an observation (of smth) делать, проводить наблюдение; (un/in)observant a (не)наблюдательный, (не)внимательный

check vt 1. проверять, контролировать to check facts (figures, money, luggage, speed, etc.) 2. останавливать, сдерживать, препятствовать to check one's anger (progress, inflation, etc.); check (-up) n проверка, контроль

spare а свободный, лишний, запасной spare time (money, etc.); a spare ticket (notebook, room, etc.); spare parts запасные части; spare vt уделять, располагать (временем и т.п.) I have no time to spare today. Can you spare me a minute (a cigarette, a pen, etc.)?

establish vt устанавливать (истину, факты и т.п.); основывать, создавать (государство, научный центр и т.п.) to establish the truth (a fact, etc.; a theory, a law, a rule, a custom, contacts, etc.; a state, a new scientific centre, etc.) The law of gravity was established by the English scientist Newton.

attitude n позиция, отношение What's your attitude to (towards) the question? Phr. take an attitude занять позицию (в отношении во­проса и т.п.)

bother vt/vi надоедать; беспокоить(ся), волновать(ся) Don't bother me with your questions. You needn't bother about such little things. Don't bother to do it now, it can wait. He even did not bother to answer my ques­tion, bother n беспокойство, хлопоты We had much bother driving through the fog. The boy seemed to be quite a bother to his parents.

fair а честный, справедливый a fair demand (attitude, treatment,

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arrangement, price, compensation, etc.); to be fair to smb; to be fair in one's judgement (attitude, etc.); unfair а нечестный, несправедливый

admit vt 1. признавать, сознавать (ошибку, вину и т.п.) Не admit­ted his mistake (having made a mistake; that he had made a mistake). 2. впускать (в помещение) Visitors are not admitted into the office af­ter working hours. 3. принимать (в институт, клуб и т.п.) Не was ad­mitted to the pilot school after medical examination, admission n 1, признание (вины и т.п.) Не refused to так (by tickets, etc.) 3. прием (в учетное заведение и т.п.) Admission to the institute is by examination.

beyond prep по ту сторону, за; вне, сверх, выше The village is beyond the forest, beyond doubt (suspicion, recognition, reason, etc.) What are you saying is beyond me (my understanding).

experience n 1. опыт (жизненный, трудовой) He has much (little, no, etc.) experience in life (teaching, etc.). Phr. by/from experience no опыту 2. переживание; ощущение to have a pleasant (interesting, un­usual, etc.) experience; He told us about his experiences in the Arctic, experience vt ощущать, испытывать to experience joy (pain, disap­pointment, etc.) (in/un) experi-enced а (не)опытный an experienced doctor (teacher, driver, etc.)

guess vt/vi 1. угадать, отгадать to guess an answer (smb's age, smb's intentions, etc.); You guessed right (wrong). I could not guess what he meant. 2. (Am. coll) полагать, считать I guess you are right.

responsible а ответственный a responsible post (position, decision, etc.); to be responsible for smth/smb to smb. responsibility n ответст­венность delay vt задерживать The train was delayed by the heavy snowfall, delay n задержка, промедление We must start without delay.

appoint vt 1. назначать, определять (на должность) Не was ap­pointed director of the automobile works. 2. назначать (время, встречу и т.п.) The meeting was appointed for five o'clock. They all came at the appointed time, appointment n 1. назначение; должность He was highly pleased with his new appointment. 2. свидание, условленная встреча (деловая) to have (make, keep, break, miss, etc.) an appoint­ment with smb

aim n 1. цель, намерение His aim in life is to be useful to people. Phr, reach one's aim достигать цели; aim vt стремиться (к чему-л); нацеливаться (на что-л) Soviet foreign policy aims at promoting friendship among nations.

fix vt 1. укреплять, устанавливать; фиксировать Help me fix the shelf to the wall. The fact (event, day, etc.) was fixed in my mind. Phr.

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fix one's eyes (one's attention, one's mind) on smth/smb остановить взгляд (внимание) на чем-л/ком-л 2. назначать (цену и т.п.) to fix а price (a date, etc.) 3. (coll) чинить, исправлять; приводить в порядок to fix a watch (a machine, a TV set; one's hair, etc.)

opinion n мнение, взгляд to have a good (bad, etc.) opinion of/about smb/smth In my opinion he is right. What is your opinion on the matter? I am of the opinion that this matter should be dealt with without delay. Phr. public opinion общественное мнение

permit vt разрешать, позволять; давать возможность Smoking is not per-mitted here. The new model of the engine permits a speed of one hundred kilometres, permission // разрешение to ask (give, get, etc.) permission. He needed the professor's permission to make the experiment conclude vt/vi 1. заканчивать, завершать; делать вывод to conclude a speech (a lecture, an experiment, etc.) As he did not come at the appointed time we concluded that he was ill. 2. заключать (договор и т. п.) to con­clude a contract (an agreement, etc.); conclusion n 1. окончание, завер­шение; вывод Phr. in conclusion в заключение What did he say in con­clusion? come to (arrive at, reach) a conclusion прийти к выводу, заклю­чению; make (draw) a conclusion сделать вывод, заключение 2. заклю­чение (договора) The conclusion of the new agreement was of great im­portance to both countries.

expose vt 1. подвергать (опасности и т. п.) to expose oneself/smb to danger (unnecessary risks, difficulties, suspicion, criticism, etc.) 2. разоблачать (кого-л/что-л); to expose smb (smb's intentions, a plan, a secret, etc.); He lived in fear of being exposed.

tell (told) vt (used generally with can) отличать, различать; узна­вать, определять и т. п. to tell one thing from the other; to tell the dif­ference between (the) colours, etc.; I could tell by his tone that he was annoyed.

handle vt обращаться с (кем-л/чем-л); управлять to handle a person (a child, a tape-recorder, a yacht, etc.) Handle the box with care, please.

constant a 1. постоянный, неизменный a constant visitor (noise, demand, complaint, habit, fear, etc.); to be constant in one's idea (princi­ples, tastes, etc.); inconstant а непостоянный

mood n настроение; расположение духа to be in a good (cheerful, joyful, bad, nasty, etc.) mood; to be in a (the; no) mood for smth (doing smth) He was not in the mood for talking business that night.

due a 1. должный, надлежащий due respect (attention, etc.) They treated him with due respect. Phr. in due time в свое время, своевремен-

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но 2. ожидаемый The plane was due at the airport at six o'clock, to be due to do smth The meeting was due to start at five o'clock. Phr. due to = be­cause of The delay in the arrival of the ship was due to the thick fog.

deny vt отрицать; отвергать; отказываться to deny one's words (signature, etc.) He flatly denied that he had said it (having said it), de­nial n отрицание, опровержение

pretend vt притворяться, делать вид, симулировать Не pretended to be asleep (ill, surprised, etc.); pretence n отговорка, притворство Don't believe him, that's all pretence.

dare vt (модальный глагол, употр. в вопросит, и отрицат. пред­ложениях) сметь, осмелиться, отважиться Не dared not say a word against the arrangement She did not dare to go there alone. How dare you say that?

account vt отчитываться; объяснять to account to smb for smth. His illness accounts for his absence, account n отчет; счет (денежный) They gave a detailed account of the work done. Do you have an account with a bank? Phr. take smth into account принимать во внимание (в расчет), учесть что-л You should take all these facts into account, on account of из-за, вследствие He missed classes on account of his illness.

convince vt убеждать; доводить до сознания She was difficult to convince. We finally convinced him that he should give up smoking. (in)convincing а (не)убедительный a convincing fact (argument, tone, etc.); conviction n убеждение, убежденность

power n 1. сила, мощь; энергия water (electric, atomic, etc.) power I can't help you, it's beyond my power. 2. власть, могущество; полномо­чие Which party is in power in Great Britain now? He was charged with special powers. 3. держава, государство the Great Powers великие державы; powerful а мощный, могущественный, сильный a powerful person (position, argument, imagination, low, etc.); powerless а бес­сильный. He was powerless to do anything.

WORD COMBINATIONS do with smb/smth иметь отношение к кому-л/чему-л, касаться

кого-л/чего-л do a good (poor, etc.) job хорошо (плохо) справиться с работой pat up with smb/smth терпеть, мириться с кем-л/чем-л work in bursts работать рывками catch smb doing smth застать кого-л (на месте преступления) come round to thinking склоняться к мысли

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take oneself in hand взять себя в руки all the rest of it и всё такое прочее catch the/one's eye попасть в поле зрения, попасться на глаза fresh from (school, the country, etc.) только что (со школьной скамьи, из деревни и т. п,) draw smb's attention to smb/smth = call smb's attention to smb/smth have a word with smb переговорить с кем-л (по делу) have it (a question, a matter) out with smb выяснить (вопрос, дело) до конца с кем-л for (this) once на этот раз, в виде исключения judge (see) for oneself убедиться самому be willing to do smth быть готовым сделать что-л охотно make sure убедиться, удостовериться get away with (it) сойти с рук, остаться безнаказанным, выйти

сухим из воды so far as настолько; поскольку so far до сих пор, пока prove one's point доказать свою правоту

EXERCISES ON THE TEXT

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions. 1. What kept Curtis busy at the lab? 2. Why was it so difficult for

him to make up his mind about recommending Johnson for promotion? 3. What was wrong with Johnson in Curtis's opinion? 4. What reasons did Curtis have to doubt Johnson's sense of responsibility? 5. What made Curtis come to the conclusion that the risk might after all be worth tak­ing? 6. What did Johnson think were the reasons for the delay in his promotion? 7. WTiat brought Johnson to the lab? 8. What was the lab like inside? 9. Why was Johnson beside himself with nervous excitement? 10. WTiat accounted for the aggressiveness of Jonh-son's mood? H. Was Johnson right in his suspicions about Curtis's role in delaying his promo­tion? 12. What actually set off the argument? 13. Why wouldn't Curtis show Johnson the write-up? 14. How did Johnson get hold of the form? 15. How did it happen that the form, crushed into a ball, came to rest beside the coffin? 16. Wrhy was it dangerous to be near the coffin? 17. Why didn't the coffin offer adequate protection against radiation? 18. Why did Curtis call Health Physics at once? 19. What made Curtis suddenly think of Johnson's wife and kids? 20. How would Health Phys­ics establish the exact amount of radiation Johnson had exposed himself

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to? 21. Whose fault was it actually that Johnson lost his job? 22. Know­ing Johnson for what he was, did Curtis do right in not showing him the write-up? 23. Would the accident have occurred if Curtis had shown Johnson the write-up immediately on his request?

Ex. 2. Find in the text the English for:

a) 1. неприятный инцидент; 2. использовать свободное время; 3. пройти собеседование; 4. дать слово кому-л; 5. хорошо проявить себя; 6. сказать что-л с полной ответственностью; 7. не придержи­ваться режима; 8. поймать (с поличным); 9. «подложить свинью»; 10. справедливости ради; 11. склоняться к мысли; 12. дать плохую характеристику; 13. вбить себе в голову; 14. дать объективную оценку проделанной работе; 15. выразить личное мнение; 16. опре­делить по выражению глаз; 17. бросаться в глаза; 18. держаться по­дальше от чего-л; 19. испортить чьи-либо шансы; 20. справедливая оценка; 21. выйти из себя; 22. смять в комок; 23. не сводить глаз с чьего-л лица; 24. лацкан пиджака

b) 1. проводить наблюдение; 2. проверка; 3. лаборатория для ис­следования высокоактивных веществ; 4. подвергнуться облучению; 5. дистанционное управление; 6. защитная одежда; 7. чистый свинец; 8. поглощать радиацию; 9. урановый стержень; 10. атомный реактор; П. расщепление (атомного ядра); 12. превратиться в плутоний и про­дукты распада; 13. ставить опыт; 14. кассета; 15. свинцовая пла­стинка; 16. проявить пленку; 17. определить дозу облучения.

Ех. 3. Give the four forms of the following verbs:

pay, keep, catch, find, stop, admit, think, permit, mean, fly, handle, wear, sweep, lie, push, draw, need, slip, deal, deny, feed, lie (лежать), fall, occur, dare.

Ex. 4. Begin or complete each sentence with "there is (was) no+ + gerund", translate the sentences into Russian.

Model: (to mistake)..., it was his fault. There is no mistaking it was his fault.

1. (to tell)... how it all would have ended. 2. (to get away)... from the fact that he is seriously ill. 3. (to know) ... what he will do next. 4. Now he will talk for hours, ... (to stop him). 5. She was right, ... (to argue about it). 6. It was a hard blow, ... (to get over it). 7. He is an ex­pert in art, ... (to deny it). 8, She seems to like this combination of col­ours, ... (to account) for tastes.

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Ex* 5. Translate the following sentences according to the model. Model: 1)"... the longer the slug has been in the pile the more active

it is likely to be when it comes out" 2) The more he reads, the better he will know the subject,

1. Чем меньше он будет волноваться, тем скорее поправится. 2. Чем больше ребенок находится на воздухе, тем лучше для его здоровья. 3. Чем скорее вы поймете это, тем лучше. 4. Чем дешевле вещь, тем скорее она изнашивается. 5. Чем скорее он признает свою ошибку, тем лучше будет для него. 6. Чем больше старания, тем лучше результат.

EXERCISES ON PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS

Ex. 6. Study the following phrases: a) recall the sentences in which they are used in the text, and b) use them when retelling the text

do with smth/smb; put up with; work in bursts; sense in smth/doing smth; erratic (inconsistent, mistaken, etc.) in smth; be fair to smb; come (round) to thinking; at the critical moment; responsible for smth/ smb; aim at smth/doing smth; have smth fixed in one's head; come to the conclu­sion; take oneself in hand; get down to (work, business, etc.); put one's name to (a document, paper, etc.); tell by (the look, smb's words, etc.); expose oneself to (radiation, light, etc.); by remote control; all the rest of it; fresh from; transform into smth; draw smb's attention to smth/smb; make/do experiments on smth; keep away (from); speak in a (menacing, etc.) tone; be used to doing smth; in a mood; be due at; have a word with smb; a report on smb/smth; in an effort to do smth; for once; have it out with smb; be fed up with smb/smth; to judge for oneself; pull at (the arm, sleeve, etc); be convinced of smth; get away with (it); a hundred to one.

Ex. 7. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs.

A. 1, To be fair ... her, she handled the situation expertly. 2. Hasn't it ever occurred ... you that you might have been the one responsible ... the accident? 3. Though I've been following you... the greatest attention, I must admit that I don't quite see what your suggestions are aimed ... .4. It was a painful minute before the colour came ... to his face and he took him­self ... hand. 5. Having filled ... the form he put his name ... it and handed it... the Customs Officer. 6. Nobody was admitted ... the labora­tory while the experiment was ..., and pictures ... what was going ... in­side were taken ... a remote-control camera. 7. The train is due ... five, that leaves us twenty minutes ... a quick meal. 8. Before writing an ac-

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count... the incident, I thought 1 had better get a clear picture ... my mind ... what exactly had happened. 9. May I have a word ... you ... a business matter? 10. Don't bother ... the tea, I've just had mine. 11. I have an appointment... the head engineer which I can't break even ... account... your arrival. 12. Your story doesn't sound true enough, you won't be get­ting... ... it. 13. The sooner he gets work, the better. 14. The matter ought to be dealt delay. 15. ... judging of the results ...the experi­ment we must take ... account the fact that he has been working under great difficulties ... several months. 16. Trains ... Rockwell may be up to twenty minutes late... account... repairs to the track. 17. I always found his attitude ... me rather puzzling. 18. His chances ... recovery after the operation were a hundred ... one, but he did get well. 19. He clearly felt that he couldn't put such unfair treatment any longer and decided to have it......the manager that same afternoon. 20. There is no better way ... learning something than ... experience. 21. If he gets something fixed ... his head there's no power... earth that can stop him.

B. THE NEW LABORATORY Joyce had great respect ... science but no understanding. Often she

would ask Martin to explain his work, but when he started on some sub­ject, ... the most interesting moment, she would interrupt him. Her serious face would transform ... a charming smile, and ... a sweet voice, she would ask him to light a cigarette ... her, and Martin could tell... the look... her eyes that her thoughts had been far away.

Martin was fed the constant parties Joyce had ... the house, and he didn't want to have anything to do ... all these wealthy* people who didn't care ... his work.

He worked ... bursts, sometimes ... night. Joyce saw no sense ... the way he went... and pointed it... more than once. She had it fixed ... her head that he worked evenings because he didn't want to stay ... her guests, which was true,... a way.

"But I've got to work evenings and nights; when I get down ... some experiment I just can't interrupt it, don't you see!"

"I know but - Darling, couldn't you put... your work just... once so that we could -"

Time went ... and Joyce seemed to have got used ... his late hours. She kept... ... the laboratory and Martin came thinking that Joyce had finally learnt to put her husband's work.

* состоятельный

15

Joyce was wealthy and energetic and Martin never suspected what she was doing ... his back until one day Joyce came ... the laboratory with: "I've got a surprise ... you."

She led him ... the spare room they had over the garage. There she had set him the best bacteriological laboratory he had ever seen: white floor and enamelled walls, ice-box and incubator and all the rest... it. "There!" sang Joyce ... a triumphant smile. "Now when you simply must work, evenings and nights you won't have to go ... the university. If you don't want to stay ... my guests all evening, you can slip* ... here, and work as late as you please. Have I done it right? I tried so hard - I got the best men I could to do the job." "Now," Martin was thinking, "Г11 never be able to get here."

(after "Martin Arrowsmith" by Sinclair Lewis)

Ex. 8. Give the English for the following phrases, using the pre­position "about" in its different meanings. Use the phrases in sentences of your own.

I. ходить по комнате; бродить по лесу; разъезжать по городу на машине; путешествовать по стране; бегать по саду; искать по всему дому; осматриваться.

II. около двух часов; приблизительно 4 км; около 30 человек; III. а) говорить (рассказывать, болтать, спорить) о чем-л; читать

(писать) о чем-л; б) думать о чем-л; слышать о чем-л; знать (узнать, разузнать,

спрашивать, наводить справки) о чем-л. IV. беспокоиться (волноваться, заботиться) о чем-л; нервничать

по какому-л поводу; докучать кому-л чем-л; суетиться из-за чего-л; быть привередливым/разборчивым в чем-л.

V. что-то странное (необычное, неприятное, примечательное) в чьем-л ведении (внешности, манерах).

MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES

собираться сделать что-л; иметь сомнения относительно чего-л; жало-ваться на что-л; носить всегда при себе; находиться где-то поблизости

* ускользнуть

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EXERCISES ВЧ LEXICOLOGY

Ex. 9. Study the following sentences. Give the meaning of the prefix "fore-".

1. He had a nasty fall and put out his forearm. 2. The boy pointed at the map with his forefinger. 3. The horse slipped on the ice and broke its foreleg. 4. His forehead was heavily lined. 5. Judging by the foreword the book prom-ises to be interesting. 6. Having been forewarned about the change in the arrangement he rearranged his time-table. 7. Have you heard the weather forecast for tomorrow? 8. It's his fault that the project failed. He ought to have fore-seen the difficulties. 9. The results were easy to foretell. 10. If you had had more foresight, you would have saved yourself a lot of trouble. 11. The work of the builders' team was directed by a foreman.

Ex. 10. Recast using verbs instead of nouns with the suffix "-ment". Make other necessary changes.

1. The establishment of business contacts between the Soviet Union and Great Britain took place in 1924. 2. They all agreed to the post­ponement of the experiment till a later date. 3. The payment for the goods was to be made by the buyers within fifteen days after signing the contract. 4. How long does the development of a photographic film take? 5. Schoolboys usually take great enjoyment in reading science fiction. 6. The failure of the business was due to improper management. 7. His appointment as head of the department came as a surprise to many of us. 8. It did not take them long to come to an agreement about the most im­portant question under discussion.

Ex. 11. Paraphrase the following sentences using a noun instead of an adjective. Make other necessary changes.

Model: They were convinced that the decision was important. They were convinced of the importance of the decision.

1. The professor was convinced that the operation was necessary. 2. The members of the expedition were convinced that the discovery they had made was important. 3. I am firmly convinced that he is an honest person. 4, Are you convinced that the experiment will be successful? 5. He was convinced that the argument was use-less. 6. They were con­vinced that the conclusions they had drawn were correct.

Ex. 12. Give words of the same root in Russian. Compare the meaning.

observatory, fix, radio-active, substance, serious, exposition, radia-

17

tion, control, protection, reactor, atomic, transform, naturally, actually, pause, fatal, dose, container, trick. *?**№•

Ex. 13. In the following groups of sentences compare the meaning of the words in bold type. Translate the sentences into Russian. Give your own examples.

A. 1. a) The boy looked up to watch the plane going out of sight, b) The Browns are old friends of the family and my brother could not have left town without looking them up. 2. a) There was little sense in putting off what had to be done, b) It must have been the responsibility going with the appointment that put him off. 3. a) The man moved up and I took my seat beside him. b) On the way home he wondered if they would dare to move Nicholls up over his head. 4. a) On finishing school he gave away all his textbooks saying he had no further use for them, b) We guessed he was an American. It was his accent that gave him away. 5. a) In the end I found out what was wrong with my TV set. b) Being convinced that we would never ifind him out, he went on practising his little jokes on us.

B. 1. a) He said he had caught an enormous fish but it got away. b) He's constantly missing classes. It's a wonder how he manages to get away with it. 2. a) We had already crossed the river and were well into the forest when he caught up. b) He had missed a whole term and would have to work hard to catch up with the class. 3. a) I could tell by the look in his eye that he was fed up. b) We were all fed up with this wet weather.

VOCABULARY EXERCISES Ex. 14. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in the correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian.

to account; admission; to admit; to aim; aim; to appoint; appoint­ment; attitude (2); to bother (2); to check; check; conclusion (2); conviction; convincing; to dare; to delay; delay; to deny; experience (2); to fix; to guess; guess; mood; observation (2); opinion; permit; responsible; responsibility; to tell (2)

1. ... of the moon's surface made by the Luniks ... the scientists to draw important... about the origin and age of the moon. 2. Directing the work of a chemical laboratory was a highly ... job. 3. For one who has spent his life in town a trip into the mountains could prove an unforget­table ... . 4. He... at quick results and, therefore, could not be bothered with details. In my ... it was just this that... for his failure with the ex-

18

periment. 5. You can hardly expect a frank ... from a person who has made a habit of lying. 6. He had done what he believed to be right and was fully prepared to take the ... for his action. 7. Before drawing any ... he intended to make a careful... of the facts connected with the case. 8. Once he had set himself an ... there could be no doubt whatever that sooner or later he would reach it. 9. It had always been his firm ... that the best way to learn was to learn by .... 10. Unable to ... his annoyance at the unforeseen ..., he struck the table with his fist. 11. People suffer­ing from colour blindness can't... colours. 12. His reasons for taking that particular... to the problem were not difficult to .... 13. He felt restless, though he knew that everything was taken care of and there was no need for him to ... . 14. The doctor's instructions on leaving were that the pa­tient should be kept under constant... . 15. When questioned; the night watchman flatly ... having seen or heard anything suspicious. 16. From where I stood it was difficult to '... the exact distance to the mountain top. I could only make a rough ... . 17. Though the story may have sounded ... enough, I still had my doubts. 18. The thought that he may have misjudged hi? friend kept... him. 19. He had been unexpectedly ... at the office and was now in a hurry to keep his ...with the dentist 20. Looking back on the incident he had to ... that he had mishandled the job. 21. Her quickly changing ... made her a difficult companion. 22. His beliefs and ... were something he did riot care to discuss in company. 23. She would never... to disobey her mother's orders. 24, My friend's'... to the matter puzzled me beyond words. 25. You ought to have a special­ist look at your radio. Maybe he could ... it. 26. He wondered who would be ... chairman of the newly-established committee. Ex. 15. Paraphrase the following, using words and word combina­tions from the text. Make all other necessary changes.

to check (4); to handle (2); to fix; to pretend; to bother; to put up with; to aim (at); to have to do with; to have it out with smb; to con­vince; conviction; to make sure; fresh from; opinion; experience; re­sponsible (for); to account (for).

1. Having just finished school, the girl was inexperienced in any kind of work. 2. He looked over the luggage piled at his feet to see if it was all there. 3. The fellow was after easy success. 4. After going through the facts once more, my doubts turned into firm belief. 5. We were all interested in what the professor would say about the article since it dealt with the very problem he was working at. 6. Seeing the puzzled expression on his face I nearly burst out laughing, but stopped

19

myself in time. 7. There was really no way of making him realize that what he intended to do meant exposing himself to a great risk for noth­ing. 8. The experiment had failed and the professor wondered whose fault it could have been. 9. It had not been an easy job, but the practi­cal knowledge he got proved well worth the time and the effort. 10. He was warned to be careful in working with the apparatus since there was a danger that if it broke down there would be no one to put it right. 11. The job was connected with things I hardly knew anything about when I first started on it. 12. She tried to look indifferent as if she weren't in the least interested in my attitude. 13. The thought of the children, alone in the house, gave her no peace. 14. He had been treated unfairly, and he wouldn't stand it. 15. There was no way to explain his strange behaviour. 16.I wished I had settled the misunderstanding with him then and there.

Ex. 16. Speak on the following topics, using the words and expres­sions given below.

1. Inside the Hot Lab radio-active substances; to handle things by remote control; to wear

protective clothing; air-conditioned; windowless; to be swept and pol­ished constantly; to take care not to expose oneself to too much radia­tion; extremely dangerous; to catch one's eye; in the middle of the floor; a coffin of a particular design; a large brick-shaped block of solid lead; the best material to stop radiation; to give very little protection against radiation; a cavity; a uranium slug; fresh from the reactor; atomic pile; to be pushed along the channels; to take place (of fission): to transform partly into plutonium and fission products; to experiment with slugs; the longer the slug has been in the pile, the more active it's likely to be when it comes out; to do (make) an experiment; to be off (of the lead bricks); to make observa-tions; to check smth; to read the instruments; to have everything under control

2. Curtis Faces a Difficult Decision a senior officer; to be responsible for smth; to give smb a write-up;

to treat smth seriously; to give one's word to the Establishment Officer; to fill up a form; to have to do with smb's promotion; to go up for an interview; a spare quarter of an hour; a difficult decision to make; to show a responsible attitude; to report impartially on smb's actual work; to give a fair account of smth; not to hesitate to give one's personal opin­ion; to be up to the Commission (to decide)

20

3. Johnson's Chances of Promotion to have one's good (bad) points; difficult to handle; to put it mildly; a

nasty temper; unaccountable; to be inconsistent intellectually, in one's be­haviour; to see no sense in the way smb goes on; to catch smb going be­hind one's back; to do smb a dirty trick; no sense of responsibility; to be erratic in one's ideas; a blunder; a risk; a menace; to be more than one can put up with; to go by (of the years); to be fair to smb; to become more sen­sible; to do a good job as Experimental Officer; to have everything in one to make a good Senior Scientific Officer; to have a lot of experience; to take oneself in hand as to one's ideas and personal behaviour; to come to the conclusion; to move smb up; the risk might be worth taking

4. Johnson Comes to Have it Out With Curtis Johnson: to aim at an appointment; to have it fixed in one's head; the

delay in one's promotion; to be smb's fault; to have strong suspicions (about); to be determined to get hold of the confidential report at any price; to expose smb; to burst in; to be beside oneself with anger; to speak in a menacing tone; to demand an explanation; to be convinced that ...; to wreck smb's chances of promotion; to want to know where one stands; to take the wrong attitude;

Curtis: to look up at smb in mild surprise; to guess the purpose of smb's visit; to be used to dealing with smb in such a mood; to tell by the look in smb's eye; to mean trouble; to try to calm smb down; not to deny; to admit willingly; to give an account of what was written in the write-up; to draw smb's attention to smth; to give smb a chance to judge for oneself about smth; to conclude by saying that...; in spite of smth; to be perfectly willing to take the risk; to expect smb to resspect one's judgement; to catch smb looking overone's shoulder; to lose one's temper with smb; to be un­able to check one's anger; to be fed up with smb; to wonder how smb can dare to doubt smb's word; to refuse to put up with smth

5-The Bail of Paper to jump (towards); to seize the form; to pull away; to crash the form

into a ball of paper between one's hands; to let smth fly; to come to rest beside the coffin; to rush forward; to pay no attention to the cry of warn­ing; to be blind to danger; to be deaf to reason; to pick up the ball of pa­per: to expose oneself to radiation; to be at a loss

6. Johnson Wrecks His Own Chances to act without delay; to call up Health Physics; to feel sorry for smb;

a painful sight; to notice smb touching the film-holder on the lapel; as if

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to make sure; to contain; a piece of photographic film; between two sheets of lead with windows in the front one; to have the film developed; to tell the amount of radiation; a medical check-up; to be convinced of smth; not a fatal dose; to be a hundred to one (of the chances); to get away with it; not to permit smb to work with smth; to put oneself out of a job; to realize that all is lost; a heavy blow; to be hard hit by smth

SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES

Ex. 17. Translate the following sentences using "what" or "that" according to the sense.

1 а) Я знаю, что он мог сказать, б) Я знаю, что он сказал правду. 2. а) Главный инженер объяснил нам, что значит практический опыт. 6) Главный инженер объяснил молодым специалистам, что опыт в их работе значит многое. 3. а) Я видел, что читала девушка, сидящая рядом со мной, б) Я видел, что она читала научный жур­нал! 4. а) Мы не могли догадаться, что беспокоило ребенка, б) Мы не знали, что наше молчание очень беспокоило наших друзей. 5. а) Он продолжал отрицать то, что сказал накануне, б) Он продолжал отрицать, что сказал это.

Ex. 18. Translate the following sentences using phrases with "beyond".

1. За последние годы наш город изменился до неузнаваемости. 2. Такое замечательное произведение искусства ни с чем нельзя сравнить. 3. То, о чем вы меня просите, не в моей власти. 4. Мы без сомнения справимся с заданием в срок. 5. Радость, которую он ис­пытывал в ту минуту, нельзя описать словами. 6. То, что вы говори­те, недоступно их пониманию. 7. Цель, которую он наметил, была недосягаема. 8. Он полагал, что его действия вне подозрения. 9. Ваши часы уже нельзя починить. 10. То, что он предлагает, не укладывается в голове (не поддается разумному объяснению).

Ex. 19, Translate the following sentences using the verb "tell".

1. Вы можете определить расстояние отсюда до противополож­ного берега озера? 2. Я никогда не различаю братьев, они так похожи друг на друга. 3. По выражению его лица я понял, что он чем-то не­доволен. 4. Этого актера всегда можно узнать по голосу. 5. По ва­шим часам очень трудно определить время. Они очень маленькие.

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GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Modal Verbs

I. Must* (in the meaning of supposition of high probability)

Еж. 20. Study the meaning of the verb "must' and the tense relations expressed by the forms of the infinitive.

1. She must be about twenty five now. She went to school with my sister. 2. It's five o'clock. He must be work­ing in the garden.

3. Something must have happened. He has never been late before. 4. The visitor is still here. He must have been waiting for an hour.

1. Должно быть, ей сейчас около двадцати пяти лет. Она училась в школе с моей сестрой. 2. Сейчас пять часов. Он, должно быть (вероятно), работает в саду. 3. Должно быть, что-то случилось. Он раньше никогда не опаздывал. 4. Посетитель все еще здесь. Он ждет по всей вероятности уже час

Ex. 21. Watch the meaning of the verb "must", translate the sen­tences into Russian.

1. (a) She must be very careful. The work at the laboratory is very danger-ous, (b) She must be very careless if she left, forgetting to lock the flat. 2. (a) She must wait for us at the metro station, (b) She must be waiting for us at the metro station. 3. (a) The matter must be settled be­fore his arrival, (b) The matter must have been settled before his depar­ture. 4. (a) She must know nothing about it. It will only make her suffer, (b) She must know nothing about it, if she says the task is easy.

Ex. 22. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the infinitive.

1. The roots and streets are wet. It must ... (to rain). 2. The book must... worth reading if he has read it twice (to be). 3. The house must... in the middle ages. The walls are very thick and the windows narrow (to build). 4. We must... a wrong turning. I don't recognize the road (to take). 5. Judging by the expression of his face he must ... by what he heard (to impress). 6. Something serious must ... him (to delay). He

* Must is not used in the meaning of supposition of high probability with reference to the future, to be likely or probably is used instead, e.g. He is likelv to arrive tomorrow.

23

should have been here at least an hour ago. 7. He must... a lot if he was able to show such good results (to practise). 8. You must... the answer by now (to guess). 9. She must... with his rough after? 7. It's very doubt­ful that they should have come to the same conclusion. 8. Is it possible that he should be of the same opinion? 9. Are they still arguing?

Ex. 34. Translate into English using "can (could)".

1. Неужели ты засветил пленку? 2. Не может быть, чтобы он так разговаривал с вами. Он умеет держать себя в руках, 3. Вряд ли он примирился с такой ситуацией. 4. Неужели он не признал свою ошибку? 5, Разве мог кто-нибудь подумать, что ему удастся опять выйти сухим из воды?! 6. Неужели он не догадался о ваших наме­рениях? 7. Не может быть, чтобы он не смог доказать своей право­ты. 8. Не может быть, чтобы она не заметила, что он остался при своем мнении. 9. Разве мог кто-нибудь подумать, что он вернется в спорт после автомобильной катастрофы. 10. Не может быть, чтобы ошибка осталась незамеченной.

Еж. 35. Test translation.

1. Цель переговоров была достигнута. Обе стороны подписали соглашение о дальнейшем развитии внешней торговли. 2. В резуль­тате наблюдений, проведенных над планетами, польский астроном Коперник (Copernicus 1473-11543) пришел к выводу, что земля и другие планеты движутся вокруг солнца. 3. После проверки резуль­татов опыта ученые-медики убедились, что новый метод лечения сердечных заболеваний эффективен. 4. Если бы он был более на­блюдателен во время проведения опыта, он бы не пропустил такую важную деталь, 5. Он уже хотел сказать ей о своей неудаче, но во­время сдержал себя, увидев, что она и без того чем-то расстроена. 6. Он подумал, что ему лучше не высказывать своего отношения к данному вопросу, поскольку он еще недостаточно хорошо изучил его. 7. Не беспокойтесь о билетах, я обо всем позабочусь сам. 8. Вам бы лучше не беспокоить его своими вопросами. Он очень занят. 9. Их требования совершенно справедливы. В этом нет ника­кого сомнения. 10. По моему мнению вы не совсем справедливы в своем отношении к нему. Необходимо учесть, что он работает у нас недавно и поэтому у него еще нет достаточного опыта. И. Не мо­жет быть, чтобы она не признала того, что ошибка произошла по ее вине. 12. Он успешно сдал вступительные экзамены, и его приняли в институт. 13. Справедливости ради, нам следует признать, что без

24

его помощи нам бы не удалось установить истину. 14. Он обещал прийти сегодня пораньше, но его все нет. Должно быть, важные дела задержали его на работе. 15. Задержка в поставке товара про­изошла из-за неблагоприятной погоды. 16. Весной у студентов нет ни минуты свободного времени. Они заняты подготовкой к экза­менам. 17. Пойдем с нами в кино, у нас есть лишний билет. 18. У него большой опыт работы, и его вполне можно назначить на должность директора фирмы. 19. Судя по его ответу он, должно быть, догадался о наших намерениях. 20. После тщательного изу­чения нового метода мы пришли к выводу, что его стоит применить (внедрить) в нашей работе. 21. Не может быть, чтобы он не учел наши замечания. Он всегда прислушивается к мне-нию своих това­рищей. 22. У него, должно быть, не было веских аргументов, по­этому он не осмелился выступить против нашего предложения. 23. Я не в настроении сегодня говорить о делах. Я бы предпочел послушать музыку. 24. Не может быть, чтобы он ушел без разреше­ния. Это на него не похоже. 25. Поезд должен быть в пять часов, так что есть еще время, чтобы прове-рить, все ли готово к отъезду. 26. Странный она человек, постоянно чем-то недовольна. 27. Будьте осторожны в обращении с огнем. Не подвергайте себя опасности. 28. Не может быть, чтобы он отказался от своих слов.

LESSON EIGHT Text: "The Case for the Defence", G. Greene1

Grammar: Modal Verbs (contd.) May (might)

THE CASE FOR THE DEFENCE2

It was the strangest murder trial I ever attended. They named it the Peck-ham murder in the headlines, though Northwood Street, where the old woman was found murdered, was not strictly speaking in Peck-ham. This was not one of those cases of circumstantial evidence in which you feel the jurymen's3 anxiety - because mistakes HAVE been made. No, this murderer was all but found with the body: no one present when the Crown counsel4 outlined his case believed that the man in the dock5

stood any chance at all. He was a heavy stout man with bulging bloodshot eyes. All his mus­

cles seemed to be in his thighs. Yes, an ugly customer6 one you wouldn't

25

forget in a hurry - and that was an important point because the Crown proposed to call four witnesses7 who hadn't forgotten him, who had seen him hurrying away from the little red villa in Northwood Street. The clock had just struck two in the morning.

Mrs. Salmon in 15 Northwood Street had been unable to sleep; she heard a door click shut and thought it was her own gate. So she went to the window and saw Adams (that was his name) on the steps of Mrs. Parker's house. He had just come out and he was wearing gloves. He had a hammer in his hand and she saw him drop it into the laurel bushes by the front gate. But before he moved away, he had looked up - at her window. The fatal instinct that tells a man when he is watched exposed him in the light of a street-lamp to her gaze - his eyes foil of horrifying and brutal fear, like an animal's when you raise a whip.

I talked afterwards to Mrs. Salmon, who naturally after the astonish­ing verdict8 went in fear herself. As I imagine did all the witnesses -Henry MacDou-gall, who had been driving home from Benfleet late and nearly ran Adams down at the corner of Northwood Street. Adams was walking in the middle of the road looking dazed. And old Mrs. Wheeler, who lived next door to Mrs. Parker, at No 12, and was wakened by a noise - like a chair falling - through the thin-as-paper villa wall, and got up and looked out of the window, just as Mrs. Salmon had done, saw Adams' back and, as he turned, those bulging eyes. In Laurel Avenue he had been seen by yet another witness - his luck was badly out; he might as well have committed the crime in broad daylight.

"I understand," counsel said, "that the defence proposes to plead mistaken identity." Adams' wife will tell you that he was with her at two in the morning on February 14, but after you have heard the witnesses for the Crown and examined carefully the features of the prisoner, I do not think you v/ill be prepared to admit the possibility of a mistake."

It was all over, you would have said, but the hanging. After the formal evidence10 had been given by the policeman who

had found the body and the surgeon who examined it, Mrs. Salmon was called. She was the ideal wit-ness, with her slight Scotch accent and her expression of honesty, care and kindness.

The prosecuting counsel brought the story gently out. She spoke very firmly. There was no malice in her, and no sense of importance at standing there in the Central Criminal Court11 with a judge in scarlet hanging on her words and the reporters writing them down. Yes, she said, and then she had gone downstairs and rung up the police station.

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"And do you see the man here in court?"13

She looked straight across at the big man in the dock, who stared hard at her with his Pekingese eyes14 without emotion.

"Yes," she said, "there he is." "You are quite certain?" She said sim­ply, "I couldn't be mistaken, Sir." It was all as easy as that.

"Thank you, Mrs. Salmon." Counsel for the defence rose to cross-examine. If you had reported

as many murder trials as I have you would have known beforehand what line he would take. And I was right, up to a point.

"Now, Mrs. Salmon, you must remember that a man's life may de­pend on your evidence."

"I do remember it, sir." "Is your eyesight good?" "I have never had to wear spectacles, sir." "You are a woman of fifty-five?" "Fifty-six, sir." "And the man you saw was on the other side of the road?" "Yes, sir." "And it was two o'clock in the morning. You must have remarkable

eyes, Mrs. Salmon?" "No, sir. There was moonlight, and when the man looked up, he had

the lamplight on his face." "And you have no doubt whatever that the man you saw is the pris­

oner?" I couldn't make out what he was at. He couldn't have expected any other answer than the one he got. "None whatever, sir. It isn't a face one forgets."

Counsel took a look round the court for a moment. Then he said, "Do you mind, Mrs. Salmon, examining again the people in court? No, not the prisoner. Stand up, please, Mr. Adams," and there at the back of the court, with thick stout body and muscular legs and a pair of bulging eyes, was the exact image of the man in the dock. He was even dressed the same - tight blue suit and striped tie.

"Now think very carefully, Mrs. Salmon. Can you still swear that the man you saw drop the hammer in Mrs. Parker's garden was the prisoner -and not this man, who is his twin brother?'"

Of course she couldn't. She looked from one to the other and didn't say a word.

There the big brute sat in the dock with his legs crossed and there he stood too at the back of the court and they both stared at Mrs. Salmon. She shook her head.

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What we saw then was the end of the case. There wasn't a witness prepared to answer that it was the man charged with murder he'd seen. And the brother? He had his alibi,13 too; be was with his wife.

And so the case was dismissed; the man was acquitted for lack of evidence. But whether - if he did the murder and not his brother - he was punished or not, I don't know. That extraordinary day had an ex­traordinary end. I followed Mrs. Salmon out of court and we got caught in the crowd who were waiting, of course, for the twins. The police tried to drive the crowd away, but all they could do was keep the roadway clear for traffic. I learned later that they tried to get the twins to leave by a back way, but they wouldn't. One of them - no one knew which - said, "I've been acquitted, haven't 1?" and they walked bang out of the front entrance. Then it happened. I don't know how; though I was only six feet away. The crowd moved and somehow one of the twins got pushed on to the road right in front of a bus.

He gave a squeal like a rabbit and that was all; he was dead, his skull smashed just as Mrs. Parker's had been. Divine vengeance?16 I wish I knew. There was the other Adams getting on his feet from beside the body and looking straight over at Mrs. Salmon. He was crying, but whether he was the guilty or the innocent man, nobody will ever be able to tell. But if you were Mrs. Salmon, could you sleep at night?

NOTES L Graham Greene, an English writer, born in 1904. Educated at

Balliol College, Oxford. He wrote for The Times and The Spectator. His first novel The Man. Within appeared in 1929. He established his reputa­tion as a writer with his fourth novel Stamboul Train (1932). After a visit to Mexico in 1938 he wrote The Power and the Glory. Among his post war works are: The Heart of the Matter, The Quiet American, Our Man in Havana, The End of the Affair. In all he has published some thirty novels, plays and collections of stories. The greater part of his novels has been screened.

2, The Case for the Defence - дело, выигранное защитой 3. juryman - juror, a member of the jury. The jury is a body of 12

persons who decide in a court of justice whether the person accused of a crime is guilty or innocent

4 the Crown counsel: counsel (lawyer) at a criminal trial representing the Crown, or, in other words, the prosecution обвинитель, прокурор (на суде)

5. the dock: place for a criminal in a criminal court; the man in the dock - the prisoner

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6. customer (coll): fellow, chap - тип, личность, субъект; an ugly (rough, slippery, etc.) customer: опасный (грубый, скользкий и т. д.) тип

7. When a witness is called to give evidence he, with his hand on the Book (the Bible), gives an oath (клятва): "I swear by All Mighty God that the evidence that I shall give shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth."

8. verdict: decision reached by a jury of "Guilty" or "Not Guilty" on a question of fact.

9. to plead mistaken identity: выдвинуть аргумент о неправиль­ном опознании личности

10. formal evidence - показания официальных лиц 11. the Central Criminal Court, or the Old Bailey (from the name

of the street where it is situated) is the chief criminal court in London. The sessions are held once a month, and four courts are held at a time. The trials are open to the public.

12. a judge in scarlet: судья в красной мантии 13. court, as market, school, hospital, prison, etc, when meaning a

place used for the purpose for which it was primarily intended, is not used with the definite article. Compare: 1. The matter was decided in court. Вопрос был решен на суде (в судебном порядке). 2. The court was full. Зал суда был полон. 3. It was a decision of the court. Это бы­ло решение суда (судьи, коллегии судей).

14. Pekingese eyes: выпуклые глаза, как у китайского мопса (по­рода собак)

15. alibi ['aelibai]: the argument or proof that one was in another place (when a crime was committed).

16. Divine vengeance: провидение, божья кара

VOCABULARY

defend vt 1, защищать, оборонять to defend peace (freedom, one's country, one's rights, a point of view, etc.); to defend oneself (smb/smth) against/from smb/smth. 2. юр. защищать (в суде) to defend a case; He had a lawyer to defend him. defence n 1. защита, оборона national de­fence государственная оборона He gave his life in defence of his coun­try. 2. защита (также юр.) He had nothing to say in (his) defence. Phr. Counsel for the defence защитник обвиняемого

trial n судебный процесс, судебное разбирательство The trial of the criminal lasted two weeks. He was on trial for robbery Phr. hold a trial вести судебное разбирательство; try vt судить, слушать судеб-

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ное разбирательство to try (to hear) a case in court He was tried for murder (breaking the law, etc.)

strict а строгий; требовательный a strict order (rule, etc.); strict parents, etc. strictly adv строго The instructions should be strictly ob­served, strictly confidential (legal, etc.) строго секретно (в соответст­вии с законом и т. д.) Phr. strictly speaking строго говоря

circumstance (ши. pi) обстоятельство, случай, факт a particular (unforeseen, etc.) circumstance; the circumstances of one's life (an acci­dent, etc.) Phr. in (under) the circumstances при сложившихся обстоя­тельствах; in (under) no circumstances ни при каких условиях, никогда

evidence (sing.) п показание/-я, уликаАи His evidence against (for) the man was convincing. Phr. circumstantial evidence косвенные улики; direct evidence прямые улики

anxiety n тревога, беспокойство, опасение They waited for the results of the operation with anxiety, anxious a 1. тревожный, беспокойный; озабоченный an anxious, day (time; look, etc.); Phr. be (feel) anxious (about smb/smth) беспокоиться (о ком-л/чем-л) 2. страстно желающий (чего-л) Не is anxious for success. They were anxious to win the game.

witness n свидетель; очевидец He was called in court as a witness for the prosecution. She happened to be the only witness to the accident, witness v/1. давать показания (на суде) to witness against (for) smb 2. быть свидетелем чего-л to witness an accident (a scene, etc.)

feature n 1. pl черты лица (ir)regular (sharp, soft, remarkable, etc.) features 2. особенность, характерная черта a feature of one's character (a writer's style, a country's economy, etc.)

slight а незначительный, легкий, слабый a slight accent (mistake, doubt, difference, hesitation, etc.)

beforehand adv заранее, вперед; заблаговременно It was thought­ful of you to have made all the arrangements beforehand.

depend vt vi 1. зависеть Great Britain depends on other countries for food products. Everything depended on the results of the experiment. 2. полагаться, рассчитывать Can I depend on this railway timetable? He depended on us to help him. (independence n (не)зависимость; depen­dent а зависимый Children are usually dependent on their parents, inde­pendent а независимый to be of independent character (way of thinking, etc.); She is independent of others in her ideas (judgement, taste, etc.)

remarkable а замечательный, удивительный a remarkable person (scientist, discovery, victory, event, feature, speech, etc.)

accuse vt обвинять to accuse smb of a crime (dishonesty, breaking the

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law, etc.); accusation n обвинение Phr. make (bring) an accusation against smb выдвинуть обвинение против кого-л; accused п обвиняемый

make out (made) vt понять, разгадать; разобрать, разглядеть I can't make him out. It was difficult to make out the signature on the paper.

tight а тесный (о платье, обуви) a tight coat (suit, etc.) The jacket is tight across the shoulders.

charge vt обвинять to charge smb with robbery (murder, etc.); charge n обвинение What is the charge against the man? He was ar­rested on a charge of murder. Phr. bring a charge (of smth) against smb выдвинуть против кого-л обвинение (в чем-л)

swear (swore, sworn) vt/vi 1, клясться; присягать Не swore that he had told the truth. I swear to be frank with you. Phr. swear an oath [oue] показывать под присягой; давать клятву swear in a witness привести свидетеля к присяге 2. ругаться, ругать (кого-л) Don't swear at him.

dismiss vt 1. увольнять (с работы) to dismiss a worker (a clerk, a servant, etc.) 2. прекращать (судебное дело и т. п.); отклонять to dis­miss a case (a charge, a complaint, a subject, etc.) 3. гнать от себя (мысль, заботы и т. п.) to dismiss a thought (a suspicion, worries, etc.)

acquit vt оправдывать (в суде) He was acquitted of the crime, ac­quittal n оправдание (по суду)

lack n недостаток, нужда; отсутствие чего-л lack of experience (knowledge, information, time, tact, patience, etc.) Phr. for lack of из-за отсутствия, из-за недостатка; lack ut испытывать недостаток; не иметь to lack knowledge (experience, etc.)

punish vt наказывать He should be punished for disobedience (breaking the rules, etc.)

guilt n вина, виновность His guilt was not difficult to establish, guilty a 1. виновный; преступный He was tried and found guilty. He was guilty of murder. Phr. plead (not) guilty (не) признавать себя ви­новным 2. виноватый a guilty look (feeling, etc.)

innocent а невиновный He was proved innocent of the crime, inno­cence n невиновность His innocence was beyond doubt.

WORD COMBINATIONS all but почти, едва не stand no chance не иметь надежды in broad daylight средь бела дня commit a murder (a crime, a mistake, etc.) совершить убийство

(преступление, ошибку и т. п.); commit suicide покончить жизнь самоубийством

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hang on smb's words внимательно слушать кого-л up to a point до некоторой степени, почти be at smth добиваться чего-л, клонить к чему-л

EXERCISES ON THE TEXT

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1. What case was being tried in court? 2. Why did it look as if the prisoner's guilt was proved even before the actual hearing of the case had started? 3. What witnesses did the Crown propose to call? 4. What was Mrs. Salmon's evidence? 5. What was Henry MacDougalFs story? 6. What did old Mrs Wheeler have to say at the trial? 7. Why did the prosecuting counsel along with all those present in court believe that there could be no mistake as to the identity of the murderer? 8. Who was the first of the witnesses to be cross-examined by the defence counsel? 9. What made Mrs. Salmon the ideal witness? 10. Why couldn't Mrs Salmon or, in fact, any of the witnesses swear that the man in the dock was the murderer? 11. What had made it possible for the defence counsel to plead mistaken identity? 12. What alibis did the twin brothers have? 13. How did it happen that the jury returned a verdict of "not guilty" though murder had actually been committed by one of the brothers? 14. Why did the twins insist on leaving the court building by the front door? 15. How did it happen that one of the twins got pushed under a bus? 16. Why was it impossible to tell whether the innocent or the guilty man had been killed in the accident? 17. Which of the twins do you think was killed? 18. Was there actually any reason for Mrs Salmon to be afraid for her life after one of the twins had got killed in the accident?

Ex. 2. Find in the text the English for:

a) 1. строго говоря; 2. наложить дело в общих чертах; 3. отврати­тельный тип; 4. немаловажное обстоятельство; 5. два часа ночи; 6. при свете уличного фонаря; 7. животный ужас; 8. чуть не сбить кого-то машиной; 9. с остановившимся взглядом; 10. идти посередине ули­цы; 11. ему явно не везло; 12. средь бела дня; 13. внимательно рас­смотреть; 14. черты лица; 15. допустить возможность ошибки; 16. легкий акцент; 17. с выражением честности, озабоченности и доб­роты на лице; 18. говорить уверенно; 19. ловить каждое слово; 20. смотреть в упор; 21. заранее предположить; 22. занять позицию; 23. необыкновенно острое зрение; 24. не понимать к чему кто-то клонит; 25. костюм в обтяжку; 26. галстук в полоску; 27. переводить

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взгляд с одного на другого; 28. сидеть нога на ногу; 29. покачать го­ловой; 30. попасть в толпу; 31. расчистить проезжую часть дороги;

б) 1. дело, выигранное защитой; 2. судебный процесс по делу об убийстве; 3. присутствовать на суде; 4. косвенные улики; 5. присяж­ные заседатели; 6. прокурор; 7. скамья подсудимых; 8. вызвать сви­детелей; 9. решение присяжных; 10. совершить преступление; И. вы­двинуть довод об ошибке в установлении личности; 12. сввдетель обвинения; 13. свидетельские показания официальных лиц; 14. уго­ловный суд; 15, судья; 16. полицейский участок; 17. в зале суда; 18. защитник; 19. подвергать перекрестному допросу; 20. свиде­тельские показания; 21. подсудимый; 22. присягнуть; 23, алиби; 24. оправдать за недостатком улик; 25. совершить убийство; 26. по­нести наказание; 27. невиновный человек.

Ех. 3. Give the four forms of the verbs:

find, feel, get, forget, hurry, strike, wear, raise, drive, commit, admit, bring, hang, rise, swear, acquit, try.

Еж. 4. Translate the following sentences using "might as well+ perfeet infinitive",

1. Мы затратили столько времени на поиски такси, что мы с тем же успехом могли бы поехать туда и на автобусе. 2. Не знаю чего вы добились, споря с ним. Вы могли бы с тем же успехом и помол­чать. 3. Лекарство совершенно не помогло мне. Я с тем же успехом мог пить бы воду вместо него. 4. Он совершенно меня не слушал. Я мог бы с тем же успехом говорить со стенкой. 5. Встреча была для них полным разочарованием. Они с тем же успехом могли бы не видеться еще десять лет. 6. Непонятно, зачем вы приехали в спортлагерь, если вы не хотите идти с нами в горы. Вы с тем же успехом могли бы остаться дома 7. Я не получил от поездки за город никакого удовольствия. Я с тем же успехом мог бы остаться в городе. 8. Мы с тем же успехом могли бы и не ходить (пропустить) на эту лекцию. Она нам ничего не дала. 9. Мы бы могли с тем же успехом и не ходить на этот концерт. Мы не получили никакого удовольствия.

Ex. 5. Give the meaning of "but" and "but-phrases". Express the following without using "but" or "but-phrases".

1. You shouldn't have taken his words too close to heart. It was noth­ing but a joke. 2. He was all but killed in the accident. 3. You can't ex­pect her to know about such things, she's but a child. 4.1 could not but agree with him. 5. But for his help I would have never managed the task.

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6. But for a few details the picture of what had occurred in his absence was complete. 7.1 was in no position to choose and could but accept the terms. 8. Everybody seems to know it but you. 9. He could but try to convince us that he had acted with the best of intentions. 10. There is but one man who can answer your question.

Ex. 6. Translate the following into English, using "but'1 and "but-phrases".

1. До отъезда оставалось всего лишь два дня. 2. Мы не могли не восхищаться той твердостью и решительностью, которые он проявил в этих довольно трудных обстоятельствах. 3. Он мог лишь пытаться доказать свою правоту. 4. Она чуть не расплакалась, узнав о катего­рическом отказе. 5. Вначале это было лишь подозрение, которое за­тем перешло в уверенность. 6. Когда она вернулась домой, то уже весь багаж, за исключением нескольких коробок, был отправлен на станцию. 7. Оставалось лишь еще одно обстоятельство, которое тре­бовало выяснения. 8, Оказалось, что все уже знали о его новом на­значении, кроме меня. 9. Если бы не его предупреждение, то я бы мог оказаться в очень неприятном положении.

EXERCISES ON PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS

Ex. 7. Study the following phrases. Recall the sentences in which they are used in the text and use them when retelling the text.

in the headlines; in the dock; in court; hurry (move, step, run, etc.) away from; in fear; run smb down: in broad daylight; speak with an accent; hang on smb's words; up to a point; depend on smth/smb; make out smth/smb; at the back of; look from one to the other; for lack of evidence (knowledge, money, etc.): get caught in the crowd (the rain, the rush hour, etc.); leave by a back way (door); get on one's feet.

Ex. 8. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs.

A. 1. Good health depends ... good food, regular hours and fresh air. 2. Though gentle ... manner and speech, she was a woman ... firm and independent character. 3. I'd been correct... my suspicions... the sad role he had played ... the incident, but only......a point, as I was later to find .... 4. The child had to be taken ... hospital and the mother was beside herself ... anxiety. 5. Anxious ... the success ... our team we cheered them as loudly as we could. 6. She was strict but fair ... the children, so when she happened to punish them... disobedience they didn't seem to mind it much. 7. We all knew that when the old man was temper, we'd better

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keep him. 8. His luck was ..., there was no doubt... it. He never seemed to succeed ... anything he did any more. 9. The boy was pale and weak... lack ... fresh air and exercise. 10. The stranger spoke ... such a heavy accent that ... times I caught myself wondering if I'd ever be able to make ... what he wanted. 11. He was still uncertain ... the line he should take ... defending his point of view. 12. He would have never cleared himself... the suspicion if a witness hadn't turned the last moment to prove his alibi. 13. He could not have acted differently ... the circum­stances. 14. She was ashamed to admit she was still dependent ... her parents ... help. 15.I asked him to repeat his request, I couldn't make ... what he was ... . 16. There were several cases ... scarlet fever ... our neighbourhood and we lived ..; fear that our children might have it, too. 17. You could have heard a pin drop ... court when the counsel ... the defence said: "I firmly believe the accused to be innocent ... the crime. I'll do everything ... ray power to see that he is acquitted." 18.I wonder what everybody finds ... him. What is there so remarkable... him that people will hang ... his every word? 19. ... an attempt to clear himself... suspicion he said he had an alibi... the time ... the accident. 20. It was called a "Hit and Run" case ... the headlines. The article was ... a drunken driver who ran ... a cyclist and drove the place ... the accident never stopping to give the man help or report... the police. 21. It's quite un­believable that she shouldn't have said anything ... her defence. 22. What he said was,... fact, an admission... guilt.

B. SIR CHARLES SEES THE HOUND OF THE BASKERVILLES

Holmes was hanging ... the Doctor's words, interrupting him only to bring... this or that detail... the case.

Finally. Dr. Mortimer said: "These are the public facts, Mr. Holmes, ... connection ... the death ... Sir Charles. Now permit me to tell you some private ones."

"I well remember driving his house ... the evening, some three weeks before the fatal event and finding him ... the steps ... the house.

"As I stood talking ... front... him I saw his eyes fixed ... something over my shoulder ... an expression ... terror. I turned ... just... time to catch a glimpse ... something, which I took ... a large black calf, moving away on the other side .,. the road. I couldn't make ... what it was. Sir Charles was so excited and frightened that I hurried ... the direction ... the wood where the animal had been and looked around ... it. It was gone, however, and the incident appeared to make the worst impression

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... Sir Charles' mind. It gave him quite a shock and I felt he wouldn't be able to get... it... some time.

"So I stayed ... him all the evening and it was ... this occasion that he told me the legend ... the Hound of the Baskervilles. I wouldn't have mentioned this small episode but for Sir Charles' tragic death. His body was found lying flat... the ground .... first I didn't observe any footprints ... the ground ... the body. But some little distance ...I saw fresh and clear footprints ... a gigantic hound."

(after "The Hound of the Baskervilles", by A. Conan Doyle)

Ex. 9. Give the English for the following phrases, using the preposition "of in its different meanings. Use the phrases in sentences of your own.

I. а) город Москва; порт Севастополь; деревня Холмогоры; ост­ров Шпицберген; озеро Байкал;

б) президент страны; председатель комиссии; начальник отдела; автор книги; редактор газеты; столица республики;

в) имя владельца; роль Гамлета; портрет героя; цель визита; об­ложка книги; заголовок статьи; середина дороги; конец года; другая сторона улицы; свет фонаря; размер ковра; цвет материала.

II. а) запах цветов; вкус меда; б) чашка чая; стакан молока; килограмм конфет; пригорошня

ягод; тарелка супа; кусок хлеба (сахара, мыла); коробка спичек; ящик апельсинов. III. а) сделанный из металла; построенный из кирпича; сшитый из шелка;

б) человек слова (действия); человек с характером. IV. а) из всех вещей (книг, фильмов); из моих друзей; один из

трех; каждый из них; они оба; все остальные; лучший (худший, первый) из людей; основная часть группы (студентов);

б) малое (большое) количество чего-л; множество; десятки ты­сяч: сотни книг.

V. а) знать (слышать, говорить, думать, иметь представление) о чем-л; 6) быть уверенным (не уверенным) в чем-л; уверять (убеждать) кого-л в чем-л: быть убежденным в чем-л; подозревать кого-л в чем-л.

VI. избавиться от кого-л/чего-л; очистить от снега; вылечить от болезни.

VII. мило (внимательно, любезно, предусмотрительно, глупо) с чьей-л стороны.

VIII. гордиться чем-л; любить что-л: быть независимым от кого-л; стыдиться чего-л; бояться кого-л/чего-л.

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MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES

воспользоваться советом; ожидать от кого-л/что-л; обвинять кого-л в чем-л; фотографировать кого-л/что-л; позаботиться о билетах; воз­можность сделать что-л; полный надеэвд; отсутствие знаний (опыта); присутствие духа; представлять интерес (ценность, важность)

EXERCISES IN LEXICOLOGY

Ex. 10. Recast the following sentences, using adjectives with appro­priate negative prefixes "in-, im-, il-, ir-"' instead of the words in bold type. Make all other necessary changes.

1.1 heard the woman repeat her request a little louder, she was obvi­ously losing patience. 2. Her English, though not perfect, was ex­tremely pleasing to the ear. 3. He had always worked in bursts, never keeping regular hours. 4. I don't believe he can be of any help to yotu he's new here and not experienced in matters of this kind. 5. It was sus­pected that his activities weren't strictly legal 6. He seemed lost in thought and not attending to his work. 7. His arguments struck me as lacking in logic. 8. Such behaviour he knew was not permissible, but he had lost control of himself. 9. The picture of what had led to the accident was still far from complete. 10. She was not observant and noticed little of what went on around her. 11. There was no direct evidence against the prisoner and, therefore, no possibility of proving his guilt. 12. She was going to work Monday next. She would no longer be dependent on her parents for a living. 13. The girl obviously lacked a sense of respon­sibility, she was forever leaving things to chance. 14. Dealing with a man who was not consistent in his ideas was a trying experience.

Ex. 11. Paraphrase the following sentences using a noun with the suffix "-at" instead of a verb. Make other necessary changes.

1. When are the delegates to the conference expected to arrive? 2. The doctor insisted that the boy should be removed from school on account of poor health. 3. It was not difficult to guess the reason why she refused to join their company. 4. Everybody must have been surprised to hear the prisoner deny his guilt. 5. The prisoner was expected to be acquitted. 6. The case was to be tried on Tuesday.

Ex. 12. Give words of the same root in Russian. Compare the meaning.

jury, laurel, fatal, instinct, verdict, formal, ideal, accent, criminal, emotion, muscular, alibi, extraordinary.

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Ex. 13. Translate the following into English, using a suitable phrasal verb from the list below.

make out (3); bring out; turn out (3); keep out; set out; call out; find out; leave out (2); point out; move out; hold out; pick out; write out; hand out; cut out; go out; come out

1. Когда я наконец собрался к ним с визитом, то оказалось, что они уже выехали из старой квартиры. Нового же адреса никто не знал. 2. Увидев меня, она с радостной улыбкой протянула мне руку. 3. Взяв в руки ножницы, ребенок начал вырезать картинки. 4. На­чальник экспедиции указал на трудности, с которыми группе при­дется встретиться в ходе работы. 5. Он рассказал о случившемся в нескольких словах, выпустив все подробности. 6. Вы случайно не знаете, когда выходит книга молодого поэта Сидорова? 7. Все ока­залось значительно проще, чем мы предполагали. Руководитель группы называл фамилии, а его помощник раздавал бланки, кото­рые мы тут же заполняли. 8. Ему поручили выяснить, почему сви­детель отказался давать показания на суде. 9. Иногда бывает очень трудно разобраться в человеке. 10. Он подумал, что напрасно не выписал даты, они бы лучше запомнились. 11. По-моему, они пра­вильно выбрали актера на главную роль в пьесе. Ему удалось вы­явить те черты в характере героя, которые особенно важны для по­нимания его поступков. 12. В поисках билета он вывернул все кар­маны. 13. Неожиданно погас свет. 14. Она с трудом разобрала адрес на конверте. 15. Когда же вы отправляетесь в путь? 16. Он подошел к концу разговора и сначала никак не мог понять, о чем идет речь. 7. По причине, которую ему так и не удалось установить, его фами­лия не значилась в списке (оказалась выпущенной). 18. Его сразу же предупредили, чтобы он не вмешивался (оставался в стороне).

VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Ex. 14. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in the correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian.

anxious; beforehand; circumstance; defence; to depend (2); depend­ent; evidence; feature (2); guilt; guilty; independence; innocent; to lack; to propose; punishment; remarkable; slight; strict; strictly (2); to swear (2); to try (2); witness

1. Under the Soviet law the accused person is believed ... until his ... is proved by the prosecution. 2. Cases in Soviet courts are ... by a judge and two people's assessors. 3. Soviet justice aims at helping a person

38

back to the life of honest work, hut it is strict in its ... of persons who are a menace to. socialist order. 4. It was in 1972 that Bangladesh finally succeeded in winning its ... . 5. Many of the new states that have ap­peared on the African continent are economically on foreign countries. 6. The transistor radio, that great wonder of modern technology, often no bigger than a matchbox, is surely one of the most... inventions made by man. 7. Noise is one of the most unpleasant... of life in a big modern city. 8. Though the ... seemed to point to the accused, the defence lawyer remained convinced of his ... . 9. He obviously ... the self-discipline so important for a man ... to succeed. 10. I have very often had the chance to observe that the motor-car brings out a man's worst .... People who are normally quiet and gentle in manner may become unrecognizable when they are behind a wheel. They shout and ... they are ill-mannered, rough and aggressive. Present drinking and driving laws should be made .... After all, the world is for people, not motor-cars. H. The meaning of a word often ... on the context, the circumstances or the situation. 12. The details of the trip had been arranged ... and he could take things easy for a while. 13. In due course the accused was ... found... of having committed the crime. 14. But for a ... accent her English was perfect. 15. People often say that happiness is an attitude to life which ... partly on circum­stances and partly on one's own character. 16. He always stuck ... to his own business never showing the ... interest in what was going on around him. 17. The inspector ... that immediate steps should be taken to clear up the ... of the accident. The first thing to do was to find ..., that is those who had actually seen it happen. 18. For some unaccountable reason the experiment had gone wrong, though we could all ... that we had ... fol­lowed the instructions.

Ex. 15. Paraphrase the following, using words and word combina­tions from the text Make all other necessary changes.

to lack; to punish; to swear; to propose: to make out (2); circum­stance (2): innocent; guilty; remarkable (2) ; anxious; tight; slight; slightly (2); beforehand; up to a point; strictly speaking (2)

1. When we left home it was still raining a little. 2. You might have let me know about the changes in the arrangements earlier. 3. The ap­pearance of another witness at the trial was an unforeseen development. 4. I had been mistaken in my judgement of the man, though not com­pletely. 5. She hadn't the least idea what all the fuss was about. 6. As the day of the trial approached he grew more and more worried and afraid. 7.I shouldn't advise you to judge his actions until you know the facts.

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8. He wasn't disappointed in the true sense of the word, may be a little annoyed or upset. 9. He is definitely the wrong man to be charged with the task, he has no sense of responsibility. 10. At first sight there didn't seem to be anything out of the ordinary about the actress. 11. At the trial it was proved that the man had had no part in the crime. 12. She wasn't exactly anxious, just excited. 13. I couldn't see a thing in the darkness. 14. The painter's sense of colour is marvelous. 15. He could put his hand on his heart and say that he had never let a single word drop about their confidential talk. 16. He intended to spend a couple of days in the country. 17. It looked as if she were being made to suffer for something she hadn't done. 18. True enough, it was a smart coat, but a little too close-fitting for my taste. 19. He has always been a puzzle to me.

Ex. 16. Speak on the following topics, using the words and phrases given below.

1. The Man In the Dock the prisoner; to commit a crime; to be tried for murder; the trial; to

be held at the Central Criminal Court; the prisoner's appearance; an im­portant point; a heavy stout man with bulging bloodshot eyes; muscular legs; features (of the face); an ugly customer; to show no signs of worry; to stare hard (at); without emotion; to sit with one's legs crossed; to wear a tight blue suit; a striped tie; to hire a lawyer; to plead not guilty; in spite of the facts; to murder smb in cold blood; to be all but found with the body; to have an alibi; to have one's innocence established; to be acquitted for lack of evidence; to get away with murder

2. Counsel For the Prosecution Presents His Case to address the judge; the jury; to outline one's case; to present the

charges; convincing proofs; to describe the circumstances; direct evi­dence against smb; to call four witnesses; to cross-examine smb; to ad­mit no possibility of mistake; to prove the prisoner's guilt beyond rea­sonable doubt; to conclude one's statement

3. Witnesses For the Prosecution Give Evidence to be sworn in; to swear to tell the truth; the whole truth, and noth­

ing but the truth; to give evidence at the trial; the witness box (stand); Mrs Salmon: a woman of fifty-six; the ideal witness; a slight Scotch ac­cent; an expression of honesty, care and kindness; to speak firmly: with­out malice; no sense of importance; to give a detailed account (of); to suffer from insomnia (sleeplessness); in the dead of night; to hear a door

40

click shut; to observe smb; to follow smb's movements; to make out the prisoner's features clearly ; to see the look of horrifying and brutal fear in his eyes; to ring up the police station; to identify the murderer; with­out hesitation; to be as simple as that;

Henry MacDougall: two o'clock in the morning; to be driving home; to all but run down the accused; to see the accused walking in the middle of the road looking dazed;

Mrs Wheeler: a next door neighbour; to be wakened; a noise com­ing through the thin-as-paper wall; to look out of the window; to see the prisoner's bulging eyes.

4. Events Take an Unexpected Turn a reporter; to report (cover) trials; frequently; to attend murder trials;

to have a lot of experience; to know beforehand what line Defence Counsel may take; to be right, up to a point; to plead mistaken identity; to follow the cross-examination carefully; to be unable to make out what smb is at; to remind Mrs Salmon that a man's life may depend on her evidence; to inquire about Mrs Salmon's eyesight; to invite the witness to examine the people in court; to draw smb's attention to smb; Adam's twin brother; identical twins; to be the exact image of smb; to be dressed the same; to have an alibi; to be unable to tell one brother from the other; to be puzzled; to look from one to the other; to shake; one's head; to be unable to swear to anything; to prove one's point; to win the case

5. The Extraordinary Day Has an Extraordinary End an astonishing verdict; to be acquitted for lack of evidence; against

common sense; an enormous crowd; to refuse to leave by a back way; to insist on leaving the court by the front entrance; to get caught in the crowd; to witness smth; one of the twins; by accident; to get pushed on to the road right in front of a bus; to be unable to tell whether the guilty or the innocent brother was punished; to live in constant fear

SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES

Ex. 17. Translate the following sentences using "another, other, more, once more, still, yet, else" according to the sense.

1. Было еще одно обстоятельство, которое задержало его отъезд. 2. Какие еще сведения вы хотели бы получить по интересующему вас вопросу? 3. Какие еще достопримечательности вашего города вы могли бы показать нам? 4. Он не знал, что еще можно было бы сказать в свое оправдание. 5. Они все еще обсуждают новый проект,

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хотя должны были принять по нему решение еще вчера. 6. Вам бы лучше еще раз просмотреть материал перед собеседованием. 7. Дайте мне, пожалуйста, еще кусочек пирога, он очень вкусный. 8. Ему пришлось занять еще денег. 9. Еще нет никакого решения по его делу, т. к. следствие все еще продолжается. 10. Кто еще включен в состав команды? 11. Что еще вы хотели бы сказать в заключение? 12. Когда еще вы смогли бы прочитать нам лекцию по искусству?

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Ш. May (might)* (in the meaning of uncertain supposition, reproach)

Ex. 18. Study the meaning of the verb "may (might)" and the tense relations expressed by the forms of the infinitive.

unce

rtai

n su

ppos

itio

n re

proa

ch

1. He may (might) be at home for all I know. 2. You may (might) like the place, who knows? 3. I've got to go. My friend may (might) be holding a taxi.

4. The telegram may* (not) have reached them. 5. You might be more polite to her. 6. You might have let me know that the meeting was put off. Why didn't you? 7. Why did you sit in the draught? You might have caught a cold.

1. Может быть он дома, от­куда мне знать. 2. Может быть (возможно) вам и понравится то место, как знать? 3. Мне нужно идти. Мой друг, возможно, держит такси. 4. Может быть телеграмма (не) дошла до них. 5. Вы могли бы быть с ней по-вежливее. 6. Вы могли бы предупредить меня, что собрание отложено. Почему вы не сделали этого? 7. Зачем вы сидели на сквоз­няке? Вы могли бы просту­диться. !

* might (the subjunctive of may) doesn't change the meaning, it intensi­fies uncertainty of supposition.

** might + perfect inf. in the meaning of uncertain supposition is used in reported speech or m past-time contexts e.g. He said that the telegram might (not) have reached him.

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Ex. 19. Watch the meaning of the verb "may (might)", translate the sentences into Russian.

1. (a) She may work in my room. She won't disturb me. (b) She may be working in my room. She likes it. 2. (a) You may not keep library books more than a fort-night, (b) You may not know that she needs your help badly. 3. (a) He may have visited her, for all I know, (b) He might have visited her. He knew she was ill. 4. (a) You needn't worry. She may arrive yet. (b) You needn't worry. She may have arrived already. 5. (a) He may have mentioned this, but I don't remember, (b) He might have mentioned this to her, why didn't he? 6, (a) You may come early. I don't mind, (b) You might come earlier. Why are you always late?

Ex. 27. Test translation.

1. Во время Великой Отечественной войны весь Советский на­род встал на защиту своей родины. 2. Суд над военными преступ­никами проходил в Нюренберге в 1946-47 гг. 3. Народы Африки активно борются за свою независимость. 4. Он был строго наказан за нарушение правил уличного движения. 5. Правила вождения ав­томобиля должны строго соблюдаться. 6. На суде ему нечего было сказать в свое оправдание. Показания свидетелей были достаточно убедительны и полностью доказывали его виновность. 7. Возможно вы и правы, но мне трудно судить, не зная обстоятельств дела. 8. Его арестовали по обвинению в убийстве, но дело было прекра­щено за недостатком улик. 9. Я еще не знаю, смогу ли принять уча­стие в конференции. Это будет зависеть от ряда обстоятельств. 10. Вполне вероятно, что она пришла к тем же выводам независимо от нас. 11. Что, по вашему мнению, является самой замечательной чертой характера человека? 12. Он человек независимых взглядов и убеждений. 13. Мать была обеспокоена его здоровьем, но не пока­зывала вида. 14. Подсудимый полностью отверг предъявленные ему обвинения. 15. Если вы думаете ехать на юг поездом, вам бы лучше заказать билеты заранее. 16. Дела у фирмы шли успешно. Недос­татка в спросе на их товары не было. 17. Ваш друг не понимает шу­ток. Вероятно, у него нет чувства юмора. 18. Костюм оказался не­много узким в плечах. Жаль, что я не примерил его в магазине. 19. Мы не сразу поняли, к чему он клонит.

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LESSON NINE Text: From "The Hotel" by Arthur Hailey.1

Grammar: Tenses. Voice. Subjunctive Mood. General Review.

THE HOTEL The lobby at the St Gregory, New Orleans,2 was becoming busier.

A group of new arrivals had just come in and were registering, preceding others still checking baggage3 that was being unloaded from an airport limousine. A small line had formed at the reception counter. O'Keefe stood watching.

It was then he observed what apparently no one else, so far, had seen. A middle-aged, well-dressed Negro, valise in hand, had entered the

hotel. He came towards Reception, walking unconcernedly as if for an afternoon walk. At the counter he put down his bag and stood waiting, third in line.

The exchange, when it came, was clearly heard. 'Good morning,' the Negro said. His voice - a midwestern accent -

was friendly and cultured. 'I'm Doctor Nicholas; you have a reservation for me.' While waiting he had removed a black Homburg hat4 revealing carefully brushed iron-grey hair.

Yes, sir; if you'll register, please.' The words were spoken before the clerk looked up. As he did, his feature stiffened. A hand went out with­drawing the registration pad he had pushed forward a moment earlier.

Tm sorry,' he said firmly, 'the hotel is full1

Undisturbed, the Negro replied smilingly, 'The hotel sent a letter confirming the reservation, not cancelling it. ' His hand went to an inside pocket, producing a wallet with papers, from which he selected one.

'There must have been a mistake. I'm sorry. 'The clerk hardly glanced at die paper placed in front of him. 'We have a convention5 here.'

I know. The other nodded, his smile somewhat thinner than before. 'It's a convention of dentists. I happen to be one.

The clerk shook his head. There's nothing I can do for you.' The Negro put away his papers. 'In that case I'd like to talk with

someone else.1

While they had been speaking still more new arrivals had joined the line in front of the counter. A man in a belted raincoat inquired impa­tiently, 'What's the hold-up there?' O'Keefe remarried still. He had a sense that in the now crowded lobby a time bomb6 was ticking ready to explode.

'You can talk to the assistant manager. Learning forward across the

44

counter, the room clerk called sharply, 'Mr Bailey!' Across the lobby an elderly man at an alcove desk looked up. Mr Bailey,

would you come here, please?' The assistant manager nodded and got up. As he walked slowly

across, his lined, 'tired face took on a professional greeter's smile. An old-timer,7 Curtis O'Keefe thought; after years of room clerking

he had been given a chair and a desk in the lobby with authority to han­dle minor problems posed by guests. The real authority of the hotel was in the executive offices, out of sight.

'Mr Bailey, ' the room clerk said, 'I've explained to this gentleman that the hotel is full."And I've explained,' the Negro replied, 'that I have a confirmed reservation.'

Tne assistant manager smiled broadly, his obvious goodwill includ­ing the line of waiting guests. 'Well,' he said, 'we'll just have to see what we can do.' He placed nicotine-stained hand on the sleeve of Dr Nicholas's expensively tailored suit. 'Won't you come and sit down over there?' As the other allowed himself to be led towards the alcove: 'Occasionally these things happen, I'm afraid. When they do, wre try to help.'

Mentally Curtis O'Keefe admitted that the elderly man knew his job. Smoothly and without fuss, a potentially embarrassing scene had been removed from centre stage into the wings: Meanwhile the other arrivals were being quickly checked in with the aid of a second room clerk who had just joined the first. Only a youthful, broad-shouldered man had left the line-up and was watching the new development. Well, O'Keefe thought, perhaps there might be no explosion after all. He waited to see.

The assistant manager gestured his companion to a chair beside the desk and took his own. He listened carefully, his expression neutral, as the other repeated the information he had given the room clerk. At the end the older man nodded 'Well, doctor,'- the tone was briskly business­like -I apologize for the misunderstanding, but I'm sure we can find you other suitable accommodation in the city. With one hand he pulled a telephone towards him and lifted the receiver. The other hand pulled out a leaf from the desk, revealing a list of phone numbers.

'Just, a moment.' For the first time the visitor's soft voice had taken on a sharpness. 'You tell me the hotel is full, but your clerks are check­ing people in. Do they have some special kind of reservation? '

'I guess you could say that.' The professional smile had disappeared. 'Jim Nicholas! ' The loud and cheerful greeting rang across the

lobby. Behind the voice a small elderly man took hurried steps towards

45

the alcove. The Negro stood. 'Dr Ingram! How good to see you!' He held out his

hand which the older man grasped. 'How are you, Jim, my boy? No, don't answer! I can see for myself

you're fine. Doing well too, from the look of you. I understand your practice is going well.'

'It is, thank you.' Dr Nicholas smiled. 'Of course my university work still takes a good deal of time.'

'Don't I know it! Don't I know it! I spend all my life teaching fellows like you, and then you all go out and get the big-paying practices.' As the other grinned broadly:'Anyway you seem to have gotten the best of both -with a fine reputation. That paper of yours on malignant mouth tumours has caused a lot of discussion and we're all looking forward to a first­hand report. By the way, I shall have the pleasure of introducing you to the convention. You know they made me president this year?

'Yes, I'd heard. I can't think of a finer choice.' As the two talked, the assistant manager rose slowly from his chair.

His eyes moved uncertainly between their faces. The small, white-haired man, Dr Ingram, was laughing. He patted

his colleague jovially on the shoulder. 'Give me your room number, Jim. A few of us will be getting together for drinks later on. Г d like to have you join us. No objections, I hope.'

'Unfortunately,' Dr Nicholas said, 'I've just been told I won't be get­ting a room. It seems to have something to do with my colour.'

There was a shocked silence in which the dentists' president went deep red. Then, his face muscles hardening, he assured, 'Jim, I'll deal with this. I promise you there'll be an apology and a room. If they refuse to put you up, I guarantee every other dentist will walk out of this hotel.

NOTES 1, Arthur Hailey. a novelist, born in 1920 in Luton ['lu:tn], England.

During World War Two he served in the British Air Force. In 1947 he emi­grated to Canada. At present he is living in California, USA. He has written several plays as well as a number of successful books: The Final Diagnosis (1959), In High Places (1962), Hotel (1965) and Airport (1969).

2. New Orleans [nju:'ol3n]: a city in southeastern Louisiana, USA, in the heart of the Deep South.

3. baggage = luggage 4, Homburg hat: a felt hat for men - мужская фетровая шляпа

46

5. convention: a meeting, often periodical, of members or delegates, as of a political group, commercial organisation, professional associa­tion, etc. - съезд

6. time bomb: a bomb designed to explode at a pre-arranged time -бомба замедленного действия (с часовым механизмом)

7. old-timer (coll.): a person who has been an employee, member, resident, etc. for a long time - старожил

VOCABULARY

register vt/vi регистрироваться); заносить в список to register smb's birth (one's/smb's marriage, etc.); to register at a hotel (meeting, etc.) Phr. register one's luggage=have one's luggage registered сдать вещи в багаж; register a letter послать заказное письмо; a registered letter заказное письмо; registration п регистрация

load vt грузить, нагружать, загружать to load a ship (a car, a truck, etc.) with smth load n груз

concern vt 1. касаться, иметь отношение к What you say concerns everybody. Phr. as far as I am (he is, smth is, etc.) concerned что каса­ется меня (его, чего-л и т. п.) As far as I am concerned I can't say any­thing definite on the subject. 2. заботиться, беспокоиться They were greatly concerned about the future of their son. concern n забота, бес­покойство, озабоченность The people of the world showed great con­cern about the new developments in the Middle East. It's a matter of great concern, concerning prep относительно, касательно He wanted more information concerning the new discovery.

exchange vt обмениваться); поменять(ся) to exchange opinions (views, greetings, words, glances, seats, books, etc.) with smb; to ex­change smth for smth; exchange n обмен an exchange of opinions (words, etc.) Phr. in exchange for в обмен на He gave me some English books in exchange for French books.

stiff a 1. жесткий, неэластичный, негибкий, негнущийся a stiff collar etc.; to be stiff with cold (fright, etc.) 2. натянутый, принужден­ный, чопорный a stiff manner (movement, greeting, smile, etc.); stiffen vi напрягаться, делаться жестким (о выражении лица, о движениях и т. п.) Hearing his words her features stiffened, stiffly adv натянуто, принужденно He smiled stiffly.

withdraw (withdrew, withdrawn) vt брать назад to withdraw an or­der (a report, an offer, an accusation, etc.); to withdraw toops выводить войска; withdrawal n отмена, изъятие; вывод (войск)

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confirm vt подтверждать, подкреплять to confirm one's words (the terms, the prices, one's telegram, etc.); The X-ray confirmed the doctor's diagnosis, confirmation n подтверждение; подкрепление Phr. in con­firmation of (smth) в подтверждение (чего-л)

cancel vt аннулировать, отменять to cancel an invitation (agree­ment, contract, lesson, meeting, etc.); cancellation n аннулирование, отмена Phr. make a cancellation произвести отмену, аннулировать

produce vt 1. предъявлять (паспорт и т. п.) to produce one's pass­port (one's ticket, a document, etc.) 2. производить; вырабатывать to produce goods (cars, machinery, etc.) production n производство; про­дукция, productivity n производительность, продуктивность produc­tivity of labour производительность труда

explode vt/vi взрывать(ся) to explode a bomb (a tank, a rock, etc.) If you are careless with gas it may explode, explosion n взрыв

lean (leaned/leant) vi наклоняться, прислоняться, опираться to lean against a wall (a tree, a fence, etc.); to lean on a table (a chair, etc.); to lean back (forward)

authority n 1, власть, полномочие He had no authority to make changes. 2. авторитет, влияние, вес He spoke with authority. 3. pi власти, администрация the local (city, railway, etc.) authorities

embarrass vt смущать, ставить в затруднительное положение The long silence embarrassed her. Phr. be (feel) embarrassed (at/by smth) стесняться, чувствовать себя неловко; embarrassment п за­труднение; замешательство; embarrassing а затруднительный, при­водящий в смущение an embarrassing situation (silence, question, look, scene, etc.)

suit vt 1. годиться, подходить; быть удобным The arrangement suited us perfectly, We agreed to meet at six o'clock. Will that time suit? 2. итти, быть к лицу All shades of blue suit her. suitable а. подходя­щий, соответствующий, годный a suitable dress (occasion, arrange­ment, etc.) Is the time fixed for the meeting suitable for you?

lift vt поднимать to lift a heavy suit-case (the telephone receiver, etc.) cause vt причинять; вызывать to cause trouble (embarrassment,

misunderstanding, anxiety, suspicion, pain; an accident, a discussion, etc.); cause n 1. причина, основание, повод You have no cause to worry. There was no cause for suspicion. Infection is a cause of many diseases. 2. дело (мира и т. п.) They are fighting for the cause of peace.

object vt возражать, быть против to object to a plan (an arrange­ment, a postponement, a delay, etc.) I strongly object to smoking, objec-

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tion n возражение, протест; неодобрение There was no objection to the plan. They had no objection to settling the dispute in a friendly way.

fortunate а счастливый, удачный a fortunate circumstance (man, etc.); to be fortunate in business (life, etc.) He is fortunate to have trav­elled all over the world. It is most fortunate that you have arrived today, unfortunate а несчастливый, неудачный. (un)fortunately adv к сча­стью (к сожалению)

assure vt уверять, заверять Не assured us that everything would be all right. They assured us of success, assurance n заверение, уверен­ность He gave us every assurance that he would do it.

WORD COMBINATIONS put up at a hotel остановиться в гостинице put up smb at a hotel поместить кого-л в гостинице check in (Am.E.) = register at a hotel прописаться в гостинице 245 check out (Am.E.)=leave the hotel выехать из гостиницы first-hand

report (information, etc.) сообщение, полученное из первоисточника

EXERCISES ON THE TEXT

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1. Where is the scene of action laid? 2. What happened when Dr Nicholas's turn came to be registered at Reception? 3. Why did the clerk stiffen at seeing Dr Nicholas? 4. Why did the clerk refuse to register Dr Nicholas at the hotel? 5. Why did the clerk invite Mr Bailey over? 6. Did Mr Bailey actually have the authority to settle a matter of this kind? 7. What were Mr Bailey's duties? 8. What showed that the elderly man knew his job? 9. How did Mr Bailey propose to handle the problem? 10. What sort of arrangement did he offer to make for Dr Nicholas? 11. Why was Dr Nicholas unwilling to accept the situation? 12. Who appeared on the scene while Dr Nicholas and Mr Bailey were discussing the matter? 13. Why did Dr Ingram stress Dr Nicholas's success both as practising doctor and scientist during the talk? 14. What was the effect of what he said on Mr Bailey? 15. Why wouldn't any of the hotel clerks dare to mention the real reason for refusing to put up Dr Nicholas at the hotel? 16. What did Dr Ingram propose to do about this shameful busi­ness? 17. Do you think that the united action of the Dentists' Association will make the hotel management change its rules?

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Ex. 2. Find in text the English for: а) 1. средних лет; 2. с саквояжем в руке; 3. обменяться репликами;

4. снять шляпу; 5. застыть (о лице); 6. покачать головой; 7. пере­гнуться через барьер; 8. пожилой человек; 9. кивнуть головой; 10. профессиональная улыбка; 11. улаживать мелкие проблемы; 12. широко улыбнуться; 13. благожелательность; 14. пожелтевшие от никотина пальцы; 15. костюм, сшитый дорогим портным; 16. мыс­ленно признать; 17. хорошо знать свое дело; 18. спокойно и без суеты; 19. неприятный инцидент; 20. середина сцены; 21. кулисы; 22. моложавый, широкоплечий человек; 23. жестом пригласить сесть; 24. внимательно слушать: 25. энергичным деловым тоном; 26. изви­ниться за недоразумение; 27. приобрести резкость (в голосе); 28. громкое и бодрое приветствие; 29. протянуть руку; 30. самому судить о чем-либо; 31. преуспевать; 32. вызвать споры; 33. ожидать с нетерпением; 34. похлопать по плечу; 35. к сожалению.

б) 1. вестибюль, холл гостиницы; 2. группа вновь прибывших; 3. зарегистрироваться; 4. проверить багаж; 5. сгружать багаж с ма­шины; 6. небольшая очередь; 7. регистратура; 8. предварительный заказ на место в гостинице, «бронь»; 9. отрывной блокнот с бланками для регистрации; 10. «свободных номеров нет»; Н. подтвердить заказ на место в гостинице; 12. аннулировать заказ; 13. постоялец; 14. ка­бинеты администрации; 15. получить место и ключ от номера; 16. подыскать подходящее жилье; 17. снять телефонную трубку; 18. спи­сок телефонов; 19. номер в гостинице; 20. поместить в гостинице.

Еж, 3. Give the four forms of the following verbs.

hold5 lean, stiffen, withdraw, reply, shake, inquire, nod. try, admit, ring, teach, grin, rise, deal

EXERCISES ON PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS Ex. 4. Study the following preposition phrases; a) recall the sen­tences in which they are used in the text, and b) use them in sen­tences of your own

third in line; select from; glance at; lean forward (across smth); with authority; lead to; check in/out; with the help of smth/smb; gesture smb to a chair; apologize for; hold out one's hand; see for oneself; from the look of smb/smth; a good deal of; a paper/report on smth/smb; look for­ward to; by the way; the pleasure of introducing smb to smb; think of; pat on the shoulder; put up (at)

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Ex. 5. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs. 1. The management had another clerk to help the receptionist check ...

the new arrivals and check ... the old guests. 2. He was last... a long line, and ... the look ... it he was unlikely to get a good seat ... the show. 3. The sign ... the doctor's reception room read: "Admission ... request only." 4. His recent paper ... the new developments ... dentistry was a sensation. 5. Selecting a book ... a pile ... front... him the librarian held it the boy: "Here, that's what you want." 6. I see no cause... his dis­pleasure, the matter was settled ... his own terms. 7. The assistant man­ager has no authority ... matters that have to do... accommodation, you'd better speak ... the manager. 8. As far as I know him, he'd rather put a hotel. 9. People might offer you half a stamp-collection...exchange...this one stamp. 10. If they are really concerned ... his future and want him to be prepared ... the hardships of life, they shouldn't make things too smooth ... him 11. He spoke ... such assurance that we couldn't but be­lieve him. 12. The young actress was nervously waiting ... the wings ... her turn to go ... the stage. 13. He held ... a thin hand that I shook, then gestured ... a chair: "Please, sit...." 14. She leaned far the window ... an effort to see the leaving car. 15. They were late ... the show as their taxi was held the heavy traffic ... the afternoon rush. 16. Everybody must have noticed how embarrassed she was ... the unexpected question. 17. You'd better not approach him, he's concerned ... a difficult problem that needs all his attention. 18. She only seems stiff... manner but she is the dearest person, when you come to know her closer. 19. The nights ... the mountains may be very cold, so you'd better take something suitable ... cold weather, too.

Ex. 6. Give the English for the following phrases, using the preposi­tion "by" in its different meanings. Use the phrases in sentences of your own.

I. дом у реки; машина у ворот; касса у входа; стол у окна. II. пройти мимо магазина; сидеть у костра; стоять возле кого-л; вой­

ти в дом через парадную дверь; проникнуть в помещение через окно. III. а) судить по внешности; определить по акценту; узнать по го­

лосу; б) по праву; по интуиции; инстинктивно; по какому-л принципу; по опыту; по привычке; по чьей-л теории; по моим часам; по закону.

IV. картина Репина; трагедия Шекспира; бумага, подписанная главой фирмы; кофе, экспортируемое Бразилией; работа, выпол­ненная от руки (вручную, машиной, силой ветра, водой, паром, при

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помощи дистанционного управления). V. а) поездом; самолетом; автобусом; морем; по суше; б) извещать письмом (телеграммой); посылать почтой; сооб­

щать по радио; связаться по телефону (телеграфу); VI. схватить за руку; потянуть за рукав; держать за плечо. VII. врач по профессии; инженер по образованию. VIII. случай­

но; по счастливой случайности; ошибочно. IX. постепенно; шаг за шагом; страница за страницей; пункт за

пунктом; день за днем; по одному. X. к концу недели; к вечеру; к 20 мая.

MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES

, учить наизусть; называть друг друга по имени; определять вре­мя по солнцу; поставить часы по сигналу; читать при свете лампы (свечи); при лунном

свете; быть потрясенным (испуганным) новостью; по разреше­нию врача;

на 3 см. короче (длинней); увеличить (снизить) цену на 20 коп.; во что бы то ни стало; никоим образом.

EXERCISES IN LEXICOLOGY

Ex. 7. Paraphrase the following sentences, using the prefix "un-" with the words in bold type according to the model.

Model: 1) He went on a holiday and didn't do his work. He went on a holiday leaving his work undone. 2) You'd better not lock the door. You'd better leave the door unlocked.

1. He can't have gone away without settling his affairs. 2. She rose from the table never touching her dinner. 3. He never answered my let­ters. 4. You'd better not cover the table, it looks nice as it is. 5. Some things are better not said. 6. The poet died never finishing the poem. 7. The secretary forgot to sign the papers.

Ex. 8. Fill in the blanks with the verbs "unload, unpack, untie, unbut­ton, undo" in the correct form.

1. The passengers stood watching the luggage ... from the luggage car and put on the truck. 2. On receiving a new package of books the librarian got down to .,. them. 3, The man ... the collar and felt much better. 4. What is done cannot be ... . 5. The child's fingers were stiff with cold, he had trouble in ... the scarf.

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Ex. 9. Paraphrase the following sentences using a noun with the suf­fix "-ity, -ty" instead of an adjective. Make other necessary changes.

Model: It is not at all necessary to set out so early. There is no necessity in setting out so early.

1. With the rush of tourists it was hardly possible to reserve a room in a hotel. 2. He may come, but I am not quite certain. 3. The foreman spoke in authoritative tones. 4. What is your secretary responsible for? 5. The young engineer looks an able man. There is no denying it. 6. They are safe now. 7. How many cars does your plant produce a year? 8. There is no denying that your friend is an honest man.

Ex. 10. Give words of the same root in Russian. Compare the meaning.

register, select, convention, dentist, authority, nicotine, potential, scene, gesture, companion, special, reputation, colleague, fortune, mus­cles, guarantee.

Ex. 11. Give the meaning of the phrasal verbs and the corresponding nouns.

1. The new arrivals lined up at Reception. Almost at once several of them left the line-up and went to have a cup of coffee at the coffee bar. 2. His car was held up by the traffic and the wait seemed endless. As he was to find out the hold-up had been caused by an accident in one of the by-streets. 3. The plane took off beautifully. The crowd that had gath­ered to watch the take-off cheered. 4. The delegation walked out of the conference. The walk-out was later described by the papers as the only possible course of action the delegation could have taken under the cir­cumstances. 5. The actress made up her face and the make-up changed her beyond recognition.

Ex. 12. Translate the following into English, using a suitable phrasal verb from the list below, and making any necessary changes.

List: put off (2); put down (2); put up with; put up (at); put on; put away; put aside; put back;

1. Разговор пришлось отложить до более подходящего случая. 2. Он отказывался мириться с небрежным отношением к работе со стороны кого бы то ни было. 3. Она записала только те фамилии и адреса, которые могли ей понадобиться в дальнейшем. 4. Приехав в город, он решил остановиться в гостинице. 5. Сразу было видно, что все ее равнодушие напускное. 6. Неудача не обескуражила мо­лодого ученого. 7. За несколько лет ему удалось скопить (отложить) необходимую сумму денег для покупки автомашины. Ему всегда

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хотелось иметь машину. 8. Перечитав старые письма, она снова уб­рала их. 9. Пролистав книгу и не найдя нужных сведений, я поста­вила ее обратно на полку. 10. Брось книгу и займись делом.

VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Ex. 13. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in the correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian.

to assure; assurance; authorities; to cancel; cause; to cause; concern; to concern; to confirm; to embarrass; embarrassment; to exchange; to lean; to object; stiff; objection; to suit; suitable; to withdraw.

1. The doctor assured the patient's relatives that there was no ... for worry and things were going as smoothly as he could only wish for. 2. The clerk at the travelling agency ... me that everything would be taken care of, including luggage delivery. 3. The incident ... a lot of discussion. 4. Everything about the new job ... me fine. 5. The boy ... to being treated like a child. 6. We talked the man into ... his charges and settling the matter out of court. 7. The girl... over to her companion and started whispering excitedly in his ear. 8. Unused to speaking in public, the young man did his best to hide his .... 9. Nobody seemed to have any ... to the arrangement and it took us but a few minutes to conclude the business. 10. There was so much ... in the man's voice that I calmed down at once. H. The development of new districts is the responsibility of the town planning ... . 12. For some reason or other the trip was ... . 13. A careful study of the circumstances ... our worst suspicions. 14. After... the usual smiles and greetings they finally got down to business. 15. The clerk was clearly ... by the request but saw no way of refusing it. 16. The speaker pointed out that the matter was of great importance and, as he saw it, ... all those present. 17. She spent the last few days in town shopping around for things... for wear in the distant northern village where she was going to work. 18. I was somewhat put off by his ... manner at first. To tell the truth, I'd been looking forward to a wanner welcome.

Ex. 14. Paraphrase the following, using words and word combina­tions from the text Make ail other necessary changes.

as far as smb is concerned: assurance; authority; to cancel; to con­cern (2); to confirm; to embarrass; fortunately; to object; objection: to put smb up; to suit; suitable: to withdraw.

1. The quiet firmness in the speaker's voice showed he knew what he was talking about. 2. The travelling agency clerk telephoned to the client

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to inquire if the order stood as it was or there would be some changes. 3. The notice on the station wall read that there would be no trains between three and five that afternoon on account of repairs to the tracks. 4. The chairman of the committee gave careful attention to whatever the mem­bers had to say against the arrangement 5. Lucky thing, we had made reservations at the local hotel beforehand. 6. Such stories are not fit for children's ears, if you ask me. 7. What makes your friend think he's got the right to give orders around here? 8. Direct questions about herself always made her uneasy. 9. As to me, you can do as you like. The matter has to do with you alone. 10. He didn't seem to have anything against the matter in principle, all his remarks dealt with details. 11. The exchange of opinions proved most useful and finally a decision was reached that satisfied everybody concerned. 12. He had to think fast for if he failed to give a definite answer by Thursday morning at the latest the offer could be taken back. 13. Planning to spend a couple of days in that town I wrote a friend asking if he could let me stay at his place.

Еж. 15. Speak on the following topics. Use the words and phrases given below.

1. In the Hotel Lobby in the heart of the Deep South; New Orleans; the St Gregory; a hotel

for whites only; a group of new arrivals; to arrive by plane; to check one's baggage; to watch the baggage being unloaded from the airport limousine; to precede smb; to form a line; at the reception counter; to register at a hotel; to fill out a form; to sign one's name; to be checked in;

2. The New Arrival Doctor Nicholas; a Negro; middle-aged; to arrive from the midwest;

well-dressed; in an expensively tailored suit; a black Homburg hat; va­lise in hand; to speak with a midwestern accent; a cultured voice; to ar­rive for the dentists' convention; to do important scientific research; to make a report on malignant mouth tumours; to have a large practice; to lecture at the University; to have a fine reputation; to do well;

3. The Exchange at the Reception Counter Dr Nicholas: to walk in unconcernedly; to be third in line; to wait

patiently for one's turn; to give one's name; to have a reservation; to be shocked by the refusal; to keep oneself in hand; to produce a letter from the hotel management confirming the reservation, not cancelling it; to try to prove one's point; not to accept the explanation;

Clerk: to look up; to stiffen; to withdraw the registration pad; an em-

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barrassing situation; to refuse to check smb in; to apologize; to shake one's head; to be firm; to follow the instructions; to allow smb to register at a hotel; strict rules concerning smb; to turn the case over to the assis­tant manager;

4. The Assistant Manager Takes Up the Matter to have no real authority; to handle minor problems posed by guests;

an elderly man; an old-timer; to have a good deal of experience; to know one's job; to take on a professional greeter's smile; smoothly; without fuss; to remove a potentially embarrassing scene from centre stage into the wings; a smooth manner: to gesture smb to a seat; to attend to a mat­ter; to offer to find other suitable accommodation; not to dare to disobey one's orders; to arrange for smb's speedy departure; to get rid of an un­wanted guest; to offer to make inquiries; to lift the receiver; a list of telephone numbers;

5. Dr. Nicholas Refuses to Take It Lying Down to stand on one's rights; to make a complaint about smth; to speak

sharply; to insist; to demand an explanation; a painful experience; to refuse to put up with such unfair treatment; to be determined to have it out with smb; to inquire about the reasons; to realize; to have to do with the colour of one's skin;

6. Dr. Ingram Appears On the Scene President of the Dentists' Association; a small elderly man; white-

haired; to greet smb warmly; to speak highly of smb; to joke; to have the pleasure of introducing smb to the convention; to look forward to seeing smb; an unexpected development; a hard blow; to be beyond smb; to be unable to get over the shock; to promise to take steps; to put smth right; to assure smb; to deal with the matter; to be determined; not to permit smb to get away with it; to walk out of the hotel.

SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES

Ex. 16. Translate the following sentences, using the verbs "lift, pick up, raise" according to the sense.

1. Для разгрузки товаров с корабля применяют особые машины, которые могут поднимать несколько тонн за раз. 2. Поднимите, по-жалуйста, с пола карандаш. Кто-то, видимо, случайно уронил его. 3. Чемодан оказался таким тяжелым, что я с трудом мог поднять

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его. 4. Не может быть, чтобы она подняла такой шум из-за пустяков. 5. Услышав телефонный звонок, он поднял трубку и ответил «Алло, слушаю вас». 6. Ребенку не терпелось поднять крышку коробки и посмотреть, что внутри. 7. Мальчику было так стыдно, что он не мог поднять глаз.

Ex. 17. Fill in the blanks with nouns "cause, reason" according to the sense.

1. There are very good ... to believe that Ann is ill, though we don't know yet the ... of the illness. 2. My brother had to postpone his journey for family ... . 3. The ... of the quarrel between the two men must have been a misunderstanding. 4. There is no ... to suspect that the man is un­truthful. 5. They are building a tunnel through the rock. That is the ... for the rock being exploded. 6. Carelessness in handling gas is often a ... of explosions. 7. He refused to explain the ... for his absence. 8. The child's poor health was the ... of the parents' anxiety, but after the medical ex­amination it became evident that there were no ... for worry.

Ex. 18. Translate the following sentences, using "cause, reason" ac­cording to the sense.

1. Хотя и не было особой причины для смеха, но они смеялись от души. 2. Он очень невнимателен. Это причина всех его несча­стий. 3. Нет причины опасаться, что Петр подведет нас. Он никогда не нарушал своих обещаний. 4. К сожалению, теперь трудно уста­новить, что явилось причиной несчастного случая. 5. Странно, что она отказалась объяснить причину своего внезапного отъезда. 6. Не принимайте ее жалобы близко к сердцу. Она часто жалуется без причины. Такой уж она человек.

Ex. 19. Fill in the blanks with "happy, lucky, fortunate" according to the sense.

1. His face brightened up at the ,.. news. 2. You seem to have been born under a ... star. 3. The boy's success at school made his mother ... . 4. It ought to be considered a most... circumstance that I met you when I needed you most. 5. "Seven" is generally considered to be a ... number. 6. It was most ... that the wind changed and the boat could reach the shore safely. 7. Though the man was ... in business yet he was far from ... . 8. They were very ... in their married life. 9. I'll be ... to accept your invitation because it's not everybody who is so ... to have such a ... chance to go and see the exhibition with you as a guide.

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Ex. 20. Translate the following sentences, using Mhappy, lucky, for­tunate" according to the sense.

1. Какое событие вы бы назвали самым счастливым в вашей жизни? 2. Мне посчастливилось присутствовать на открытии вы­ставки современной живописи. 3. Мой товарищ очень хорошо отве­чал на экзамене. Он говорит, что ему достался счастливый билет. 4. Как жаль, что вы упустили такую счастливую возможность. 5. Посылать открытки друзьям с пожеланием счастливого нового года - хорошая традиция. 6. Если бы не счастливое обстоятельство, мне бы никогда не довелось побывать в этих местах. 7. Его осенила счастливая догадка.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Ex. 21. Fill in the blanks with missing auxiliary verbs, retell the pas­sage in reported speech.

Ada Trimball wrote Walter Hughes a note. "... come. Mother and I... love to see you. I... not going to tell her you ... coming but... save your visit for a surprise. So please pretend that you... just dropped in."

On the afternoon of Walter's visit Ada could not help telling her mother he ... coming. It was a small, but complete triumph. "He wrote me and asked if he could come, and I said of course," "Why ... n't you tell me? What was behind that?" Mrs Trimball's anger ... hardly con­trolled. "How ... you know I want to see him?" "You can always be up­stairs with a headache." "Ridiculous! I wish when you ... having people to my house you ... tell me."

"1 ... telling you now. But why this strong dislike towards Walter? I ... never heard you say a word against him before. Stay upstairs, if you ... nrt want to see him." "Oh, you miserable fool!" said Mrs Trimball.

She recovered her calmness before Walter's arrival. When he entered the sitting-room she gave him her hand, but he said: "... n't I deserve* a kiss?" She put up her cheek and he kissed her.

"... you like tea, or,.. you really prefer** a drink?" said Ada Trim-ball. "If there is tea, I... rather have that. I limit myself to two drinks be­

fore dinner," he said. "Well, this is like old times." "Where ... you live

* заслужить ** предпочитать

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now? Colorado?" said Constance Trimball. "Denver. I have ... living there since the war and I guess I... really settled there."

"I... get the tea things," said Ada Trimball, leaving them to themselves. "I . . . always heard that you have to get used to the altitude in Den­

ver. ... that true?" "It... true. How ... you?" "I . . . very well, thanks. ... n't you surprised to see me?"

"Not at all. Alice Ryder's in Mill Pond, so you ... turn up there sooner or later." "Alice Ryder? I... n't seen her in nearly twenty years."

(after "A Cold Calculating Thing" by John O'Hara.)

Ex. 22. Fill in the blanks with "should" or "would", give two variants if possible, note the difference, translate the sentences into Russian.

1. The tourist asked if he ... be able to exchange dollars for pounds before crossing the border. 2. The tourist asked if he ... exchange dollars for pounds before crossing the border. 3.I was not sure whether 1... in­fluence his choice for I didn't know what was best for him. 4.I wasn't sure that the time ... suit them. 5. He didn't know yet whether he ... go there by train or plane. 6. He didn't know if she ... have any objections to the arrangement. 7. We asked the clerk at the desk if we ... register be­fore occupying the rooms. 8. We asked if the clerk at the desk ... register us. 9. The manager told the secretary that he ... start receiving visitors at three. 10. The manager told the secretary that she ... send out the invita­tions. H. Finally I realized that I couldn't just sit in this man's office for­ever. So I asked him what to do, I mean, what I... do.

Ex. 23. Practise the following according to the model.

Model: I haven't been home for seven years. It is seven years since I have been home.

1.I havent taken a holiday for five years. 2. I haven't seen him for ages. 3. She hasn't had a letter from him for a year. 4.I have heard nothing from him for a very long time. 5. He hasn't felt so fine for weeks. 6.I haven't enjoyed myself so much in years.

Ex. 24. Translate the attributive clauses into English using the Past Perfect Continuous form, explain why this form must be used.

1. He lit a cigarette and then returned to the table (за которым сидел). 2. She put down the book (которую читала). 3. He again picked up the photograph (которую рассматривал). 4. The visitor (который сидел в углу) suddenly jumped to his feet. 5. He handed me the news­paper (которую читал). 6. It was not long before she started humming again the song (которую пела). 7. Hearing the telephone ringing he

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threw away the cigarette (которую курил) and rushed into the hall. 8. After the telephone talk he again sat down before the TV set to see the film (который он смотрел).

Ex. 25. Translate the following sentences into English according to the model, watch the use of tenses.

Model: He успел он сказать двух слов, как все рассмеялись. Не had not said two words (he had hardly said) two words when everybody burst into laughter.

1. He успел поезд тронуться, как в вагон вошел контролер. 2. Гео­логи не прожили там и недели, как пошли дожди. 3. Не успели мы войти в зал, как свет погас. 4. Едва писатель произнес свое имя, как его окружили журналисты. 5. Едва он завернул за угол, как встретил своего старого приятеля. 6. Она не прочла и страницы, как заснула. 7. Я не сделал и двух шагов, как пошел сильный снег. 8. Едва доклад­чик произнес несколько слов, как раздались голоса протеста. 9. Не успел он отказаться от этого предложения, как пожалел об этом.

Ex. 26. Use Passive voice in the following sentences according to the model.

Model: The shop is under repair. The shop is being repaired. 1. The question is still under consideration. 2. These patients are un­

der constant observation. 3. The problem which is under discussion is of great interest to many people. 4. The new treatment of the disease is not practised yet, it's still under study. 5. "How did the case end?" "It's still under review. " 6. "Did he tell you who was under suspicion?" 7. You can't see the palace now. It is under reconstruction.

Еж. 27. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

A. 1. It's fifteen years since I... home (to be). 2. Did you tell him we ... in the morning? (to leave) 3. Times ... since we were young (to change). 4. "Do you want to go home?" "I suppose it's time we ... about it" (to be thinking). 5. He came back with the good news that the suit case ... and ... to the railway station (to find, to return). 6. The place al­ways looked unsettled as though the family ... just or ... to leave (to move in, to be preparing). 7. When his mother fell ill he gave up his practice to take care of her so that she ... her wish which was that she ... to a hospital (to have, not to send). 8. Remembering things which he ..., it occurred to him that he not... a truthful picture of what... (to say, to give, to take place). 9. I could feel we ... (to look at). 10. It will be the first vacation ... in years (to take). 11. She wished she ... in the journey

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(to include). 12.1... away for a year and a half (to be). 13. The kid didn't speak while his father... (to shave); he knew that shaving was a delicate act and if you ... (to interrupt) you ... (may cut) yourself.

B. Mr. Cust (to sit) very still. His breakfast (to lie) cold and untasted on his plate. A newspaper (to put) up against the teapot and it was this newspaper that Mr. Cust (to read) with interest.

Suddenly he (to get up), (to walk) to and fro for a minute then (to sink) into a chair by the window. He (to cover) his face with his hands with a sigh. He (not to hear) the sound of the opening door. His land­lady, Mrs. Marbury, (to stand) in the doorway.

"I (to wonder), Mr. Cust, if you — why, whatever is it? You (not to feel) well?" Mr. Cust (to raise) his head.

"Nothing. It's nothing at all, Mrs. Marbury. I (not to feel) very well this morning."

Mrs. Marbury inspected the breakfast tray. "So I (to see). You (not to touch) your breakfast. Your head (to trou­

ble) you again?" "No, at least, yes... I — I just (to feel) a bit low." "Well I am sorry, I'm sure. You (not to go) away to-day then?" Mr. Cust

(to jump) up abruptly. "No, no I have to go. It's business. Important. Very important. " His

hands (to shake). Seeing him so excited, Mrs. Marbury (to try) to calm him. "Well, if you must — you must. You (to go) far this time?" She (to

pick up) the paper that (to lie) on the floor. "Nothing but this murdering business in the paper nowadays, " she

(to say) as she (to glance) at the headlines before putting it back on the table. "Gives me the creeps, it does. I (not to read) it."

Mr. Gust's lips (to move) but no sound (to come) from them. "Doncaster — that's the place he is going to do his next murder," (to

say) Mrs. Marbury. "If I (to live) in Doncaster and my name (to begin) with a D. I (to take) the first train away, that I would. I (to run) no risks. What you (to say), Mr. Cust? Why, Mr. Cust, you do look bad. Hadn't you better have a little drop of something? Really, now you oughtn't to go travelling today." Mr. Cust (to pull) himself together.

"It is necessary, Mrs. Marbury. I always (to be) punctual in my busi­ness appointments. People must have — must have belief in you! When I (to promise) to do a thing, I (to carry) it through. It's the only way to get on in business."

"But if you (to be) ill?" "I (not to be) ill Mrs. Marbury. Just a little worried over different

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personal matters. I (to sleep) badly. I (to be) really quite all right." His manner (to be) so firm that Mrs. Marbury (to gather) up the

breakfast things and (to leave) the room.

(after "The А. В. С Murders11 by Agatha Christie)

Ex. 28. Test translation.

1. Обмен мнениями оказался очень полезным. 2. Вполне понят­но, что изменения, внесенные в расписание работы учреждения, касаются всех его сотрудников. 3. Еще трудно сделать какие-либо определенные заключения относительно новой модели машины. Она требует проверки и детального изучения. 4. Портовые власти Ливерпуля бьши озабочены положением, вызванным забастовкой докеров. 5. К сожалению, нам пришлось взять назад свой заказ на продажу нам запасных частей, так как предложенное фирмой время поставки для нас не подходило. 6. Убедительно просим вас под­твердить телеграммой наш телефонный разговор с вами относи­тельно условий контракта. 7. Спектакль отменили из-за болезни актера, исполняющего главную роль. 8, Напрасно ты обидел това­рища, не разобравшись в чем дело. Я бы на твоем месте извинился и взял свои слова обратно. 9. Замечания редактора не вызвали ника­ких возражений. 10. Не было никаких возражений против того, что­бы тов. Иванова назначили руководителем экспедиции. У него большой опыт работы и, к тому же, он умеет обращаться с людьми. 11. На дверях вагонов электропоездов обычно есть надпись: «Не прислоняться». 12. Замечание было неуместным, и всем стало не­ловко. 13. Казалось, что она была чем-то смущена. 14. Я не нашелся, что сказать. Мне никогда раньше не приходилось бывать в таком неловком положении. 15. Взрью был вызван небрежным обращением с газом. 16. Врач заверил нас, что нет причин для беспокойства. 17. Как только вы приедете в город, дайте нам знать, в какой гости­нице вы остановились.

с

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Навчальне видання

Шевцова Світлана Василівна Брандукова Маргарита Олександрівна Кузьміна Ірина Сергіївна Парканська Лідія Василівна

Скорочена версія: Мащенко Сергій Григорович Морозова Ірина Ігорівна Самохіна Вікторія Опанасівна

ПІДРУЧНИК АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ ДЛЯ І КУРСУ

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Підписано до друку 18.05.2007. Формат 60x84/16. Папір офсетний. Друк ризографічний.

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Тел, 362-01-52

Свідоцтво про державну реєстрацію BOO № 948011 від 03.01.03

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