Publications

The INPFC: Its Historyand Accomplishments

"Ocean Forum" by Roy 1. Jacksonand William F. Royce, published byFishing News Books Ltd., 1 LongGarden Walk, Farnham, Surrey, Eng­land, is subtitled "an interpretativehistory of the International North PacificFisheries Commission," known widelyas the INPFC and set up by a treatybetween Canada, Japan, and the UnitedStates.

Concern over Japan's reentry intoNorth American Pacific salmon, hali­but, and herring fisheries led to theadoption of the International Conventionfor the High Seas Fisheries of the NorthPacific Ocean in 1953 which establishedthe INPFC to "ensure the maximumsustained productivity of the fishery re­sources of the North Pacific Ocean." Inmany ways the INPFC pioneered andexcelled in cooperative high-seas marineand anadromous fisheries research, theresults of which serve, after peer review,as the basis for fishery managementdecisions.

The story of how the national govern­ments of Canada, Japan, and the UnitedStates came together under the Commis­sion to study, manage, and develop thefisheries is a complex one involvingscience, business, and politics, withoften widely disparate views. At thetime, fishery science was still not widelyaccepted, let alone utilized, as a basisfor regulating marine fishing. The con­cept that marine resources were inex­haustible was still widespread, and the3-mile limit was the standard for mostfishery resource claims.

The authors present and analyze aconsiderable amount of material indepth. Reviewed are Japanese fisheriesbefore, during, and after World War II,North American apprehensions of theexpansion of Japanese fisheries, con-

48(4), 1986

cerns for fishery resources, and muchmore. The Convention set up a newlydevised principle of Abstention, whichset mid-ocean barriers to the eastwardexpansion of Japan's fisheries, an im­portant aspect of which was that it drewlines on the ocean believed far enoughwest so Pacific fisheries stocks of con­cern to North American fishermenwould be relatively inaccessible to Jap­anese fishermen. The concept was in­novative at the time and was supposedto protect coastal fishermen from dis­tant-water fishing fleets, provided thatthe resources were fully utilized, underscientific study, and managed so fullharvest would be sustained.

Research and statistical programs hadto be undertaken, at first devoted large­ly to defining the continental origin andocean distribution of various species ofsalmon. These are detailed in chapter4. Chapter 5 reviews Commission prob­lems and problem solving between 1959and 1965, and chapter 6 covers 1966-77,ending with the effects of the Law of theSea (LOS) negotiations on the Commis­sion and its work. Chapter 8, "a searchfor rational fisheries," begins by defin­ing "rational fisheries," and then ap­praises INPFC contributions, reviewsthe directions of fishery development,and addresses the future fisheries in theNorth Pacific and the future role of theINPFC in the region's fishery develop­ment.

Ample notes and references are given,and appendices include the 1953 and1959 Conventions (including memo­randa of understanding), a list of INPFCCommissioners and their terms from1954 to 1985, biographies of some majorparticipants in INPFC research or delib­erations, INPFC documents and pub­lications, and excerpts pertaining to

fisheries from the Law of the Sea.The authors call the Commission an

"ocean forum" uniquely successful inidentifying North Pacific fishery prob­lems and in guiding movement towardsolutions and which, they say, should becontinued. In sum, the book providesa clear and thoroughly documented ac­count and analysis of the research andaccomplishments of a unique body withproven successes in conducting marinefishery research and in fostering high­seas fishery conservation. It should beof considerable interest to historians aswell as many who are involved inmarine fisheries issues. Indexed, the240-page hardbound volume is availablefrom the publisher for £19.50 sterlingor US$30.00 (surface mail) or £24.00sterling or US$37.00 (airmail).

Marine Mammals ofthe N. E. Pacific

Publication of the second edition, re­vised, of "Marine Mammals of East­ern North Pacific and Arctic Waters;'edited by Delphine Haley, has been an­nounced by Pacific Search Press, 222Dexter Avenue North, Seattle, WA98109. Updated by recognized author­ities (including many active and retiredNMFS scientists) on the various marinemammals of the region (including theBering Sea and Arctic Ocean). Geogra­phical boundaries covered range rougWyfrom Baja California and the Gulf ofCalifornia (at lat. nON) westward tolong. 180°, and north to the ArcticOcean and then eastward to the Alaska­Canada border at long. 140°W. Some ofthe species covered, of course, mayoften range well beyond those bound­aries.

This new edition considerably updatesthe data published a decade ago in thefirst edition. Provided is detailed infor­mation on the life history, habitat, range,status, exploitation, and the like for theregion's cetaceans, pinnipeds, and othermarine-adapted species. Dale Ricecovers the blue, gray, sperm (includingpygmy and dwarf species), and sevenbeaked whales (family Ziphiidae). Ed­ward Mitchell covers the fin, sei,

83

Bryde's and minke whales, while AllenWolman discusses the humpback whale,James Scarff the right whale, andWillman Marquette the bowhead whale.

Porpoises and dolphins of the regionare reviewed by Stephen Leatherwoodand Randall Reeves, while StephenReilly and Susan Shane cover the pilotwhale, Karen Miller and Victor Schef­fer the false killer whale, Michael Biggand Scheffer the killer whale, FrancisFay, the belukha whale, and MurrayNewman and Deborah Cavanagh, thenarwhal.

Pinniped authors include Clifford Fis­cus (northern fur seal), Luis Fleischer(Guadelupe fur seal), Roger Gentry andDavid Withrow (Steller sea lion), BruceMate and Douglas DeMaster (Califor­nia sea lion), Steven Jeffries and TerrelNewby (Pacific harbor seal), John Burns(ringed, bearded, spotted, and ribbonseals), and Robert DeLong (the north­ern elephant seal). Karl Kenyon coversthe walrus, Hawaiian monk seal, and seaotter, while Jack Lentfer discusses thepolar bear, and Delphine Haley coversthe Steller sea cow.

In addition, Scheffer provides a chap­ter on marine mammal conservation andMitchell has authored a chapter on theorigins of the region's sea mammalfauna. An extensive listing of generaland specialized references is given, asis the classification of eastern NorthPacific marine mammals. The book isamply illustrated with excellent colorand black and white photographs anddrawings.

Like the first edition, this one is auth­oritative and is well written, edited, anddesigned, and both scientists andgeneral readers should find both usefuland interesting. Indexed, the paper­bound 295-page volume is availablefrom the publisher for $22.95.

Fundamentals ofFisheries Economics

Publication of a revised and enlargededition of Lee G. Anderson's "TheEconomics of Fisheries Management"has been announced by The Johns Hop­kins University Press, 701 West 40thStreet, Suite 275, Baltimore, MD 21211.

84

In it, the author has considerably re­vised and augmented the material in his1977 volume: New topics include rec­reational fisheries, fisheries develop­ment, and the share system of remuner­ation.

The author begins with a chapter thatintroduces the basic principles of eco­nomics important to the study of fish­eries, and which underpins the rest ofthe book, especially for those lessknowledgeable about economics. Thesecond and third chapters present themain economic analysis and chapter 4discusses more intricate economicmodels of fishery exploitation. Chapter5 moves beyond the analysis of a singlefleet harvesting an independent fishstock to several cases that more closelyreflect real-world fishery exploitation.Chapter 6 then presents a general dis­cussion of types of fishery regulationand focuses on their economic aspectsand on economical ways of implement­ing them. Finally, chapter 7 provides abrief introduction to some recent em­pirical studies and shows how the theoryof the previous chapters can be used toprovide useful information. The 296­page clothbound volume is availablefrom the publisher for $29.95.

Modeling Fisheriesand Wildlife Systems

Publication of "Systems Analysisand Simulation in Wildlife and Fish­eries Sciences" by William E. Granthas been announced by Wiley-Inter­science, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158­OOU. The author is associate professorin the Department of Wildlife and Fish­eries Sciences at Texas A&M Univer­sity, College Station. The volume differsfrom some others in that it provides ahands-on approach to teaching model­ing skills in the fields of fisheries andwildlife science. Thus, the author pro­vides step-by-step guidelines to theapplication of systems analysis andsimulation to questions about thoseecosystems.

He begins by tracing the developmentof systems ecology, and introduces basicconcepts of systems analysis and simu-

lation and illustrates it with two briefcase histories of modeling for fisheries,the Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery. Thenfollow the four phases of systems ana­lysis: Conceptual model formulation(ch. 2), quantitative specification of themodel (ch. 3), model validation (ch. 4),and model use (ch. 5). Within eachchapter the various stages associatedwith the given phase are identified anddiscussed. First, the theory or conceptassociated with each step is presented,along with brief examples. Then, the ap­plication is demonstrated through a de­tailed example. The same example,which deals with modeling the growthand harvest of fish in a hypotheticalpond system, is carried through eachchapter. Chapters 2-5 also provide ex­ercises that deal with modeling thedynamics of a plant-herbivore system;appendix 6 gives the answers to thoseexercises. The final chapter provides ad­vice on the development and use ofmodels within a management frame­work.

Other appendices provide selectedtechniques in matrix algebra and regres­sion analysis, an overview of differen­tial and difference equations and com­puters, and a computer program listingwith which students can develop and usethe pond simulation model described inthe text. Altogether, this is a clear anduseful presentation of the philosophyand techniques of systems analysis andsimulation as is applied in the wildlifeand fisheries sciences. Hardbound, the338-page volume is indexed and is avail­able from the publisher for $47.50.

On the Study ofPredators and Prey

Research on fishes, amphibians, andreptiles-the "lower" vertebrates-hasproduced considerable information onpredator-prey relationships in recentyears. An overview of many of the re­search advances in several related fieldsis provided in "Predator-Prey Relation­ships: Perspectives and ApproachesFrom the Study of Lower Vertebrates;'edited by Martin E. Feder and GeorgeV. Lauder and published by the Univer­sity of Chicago Press, 5801 S. Ellis

Marine Fisheries Review

Ave., Chicago, IL 60637.The volume resulted from a 1985

symposium held at the joint meeting ofthe American Society of Ichthyologistsand Herpetologists, the Herpetologists'League, and the Society for the Studyof Amphibians and Reptiles. Unlikesome symposium publications, this oneis not a compilation of data or narrow­ly defined studies. Rather, the editorshave attempted to provide a forum forconsideration of critical concepts re­lating to predation from a variety ofperspectives and fields. In general, thesymposium first considered functionaland mechanistic approaches (typicallyconducted in a laboratory), and then ex­amined the more naturalistic and evolu­tionary studies usually done in the field.

Topics and authors are: Measuringbehavioral energetics, Albert Bennett;neural mechanisms of prey recognition,Gerhard Roth; functional morphologyof feeding, Carl Gans; locomotion asrelated to predator-prey relationships,Paul Webb; a comparative approach tolaboratory and field studies in evolu­tionary biology, Raymond Huey andBennett; defenses against predators,John Endler; behavioral responses ofprey fishes to predators, Gene Helfman;and laboratory and field approaches tothe study of adaptation, Stevan Arnold.Another paper, natural history andevolutionary biology by Harry W.Greene, was invited to round out thebook, along with the introduction, com­mentary, and conclusion by the editors.

In stressing both conceptual and prac­tical issues in the analysis of predator­prey relationships, the editors andauthors have provided a good review ofselected concepts and experimental ap­proaches to the study of predation. The198-page volume is available from thepublisher and costs $26.00 (hardbound)and $11.95 (paperbound).

Marine Pollutionand Its Measurement

Publication of "Marine Pollution" byR. B. Clark has been announced by theOxford University Press, 200 MadisonAvenue, New York, NY 10016. The

48(4), 1986

author is professor of Zoology at theUniversity of Newcastle upon Tyne andeditor of the journal Marine PollutionBulletin.

Concern about marine pollution mayrange from, on one hand, fear that thesea itself is being destroyed to a beliefthat the oceans are the ultimate andsafest repository for all human-gener­ated waste materials. In this book, theauthor has attempted to place the ele­ments of marine pollution into perspec­tive to provide basic information neededso that informed judgements can bemade on how serious the impacts of cer­tain pollutants may be to the marineenvironment and to human health,especially.

To assess the effects of wastes on thesea as accurately as possible, one needsto know what types of wastes reach it(and in what quantities), what then hap­pens to them in the sea, what effectsthey have on the biota there, and final­ly what threats they pose. And those arethe questions that the authors attemptsto answer.

In the first chapter he defines pollu­tion and reviews the nature and sourcesof inputs and the costs of pollutionnabatement. Following that are eightchapters that review specific pollutants,their impacts on the marine environmentand commercial fisheries, and theirthreats to human health: Organic wastes,oil spills and clean-up treatments,metals, halogenated hydrocarbons,radioactive materials, and solid wastesand heat (i.e., dredging spoils andindustrial solid wastes, plastics, muni­tions, etc.). Another chapter providesbrief overviews on case histories ofpollution in specific regions (the NorthSea, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea,Caspian Sea, and Caribbean Sea). Thefinal chapter then summarizes and dis­cusses the issues that must be taken intoacount in evaluating the impact of pollu­tion and the fundamental scientific ques­tions involved. In addition, the authorprovides a list of scientifically basedreports and reviews for further informa­tion. The book is a good and concisereview of the probvlems associated withmarine pollution. Paperbound, the215-page volume is available from thepublisher for $17.95.

Much larger and more specific is"Concepts in Marine Pollution Mea­surements", edited by Harris H. Whiteand published by the Maryland SeaGrant College, University of Maryland,1222 H. 1. Patterson Hall, College Park,MD 20742. The 43 papers in it, peerreviewed and edited, examine a widevariety of techniques for measuringmarine pollution and its effects on theenvironment. Many of the contributionspoint to recent progress in more realisticassessments of the effects of envi­ronmental contaminants, and somechallenge some of the strategies andtechniques used in marine pollutionmeasurement. Overall, the editors chal­lenge environmental researchers to reex­amine the fundamental bases of theirscience, and argue that any usefulassessment of pollution impacts dependson holistic conceptual approaches andsuites of measurements that requirecoordinated team planning.

The contributions are arranged underthe following general categories: Tox­icity tests, laboratory microcosms, com­munity paramenters and measures ofcommunity impact, bioaccumulationtests, chemical measurements and ef­fects criteria, anomalies in field speci­mens, mesocosms and field systems,field monitoring programs, and a sum­mary and synthesis, in which are pre­sented several issues to be consideredif environmental science is to developgroundwork for understanding thedynamics of the marine environmentand better protect its health. The 743­page clothbound volume is availablefrom the publisher for $12.50.

Pacific Salmonids andRecreational Fisheries

"Marine Recreational Fisheries 10,"which is titled "Recreational Uses,Production and Management of Ana­dromous Pacific Salmonids:' andedited by Richard H. Stroud, has beenpublished by the National Coalition forMarine Conservation, Inc., for theInternational Game Fish Association,the NCMC, and the Sport Fishing Insti­tute. It encompasses the Proceedings of

85

the Tenth Annual Marine RecreationalFisheries Symposium held 26-'D April1985 in Seattle, Wash. and chaired byFrank E. Carlton. And as a whole, thebook is an excellent survey of the status,biology, fisheries, management and out­look for recreationally important Pacificsalmonids, principally the coho, On­corhynchus kisutch, and chinook, 0.tshawytscha, salmon and sea-run troutof the genus Sa/mo, as well as thechallenges facing them today. Also of in­terest are the discussions of the then­new (March 1985) U.S. -Canada PacificSalmon Treaty.

The book and the symposium weredivided into four Panels: 1) The salm­onid resources (with contributions onspecies biology, environmental factorsaffecting their abundance, recreationaland commercial uses of coho andchinooks, and restoration and enhance­ment of Pacific salmonids), 2) manage­ment for recreational purposes (naturaland artificial production, MRF prob­lems in management decisions, andstrategy to maximize angler participa­tion), 3) international aspects of stocksand policies (ocean migrations ofchinooks, cohos, and steelheads; inter­national problems in and beyond theU.S. FCZ; and consequences to anglersof the new U.S. -Canada Pacific SalmonTreaty), and 4) local and regionalaspects of stocks and policies (locationsof local and regional salmonid stocks,restoring Columbia Basin salmon underthe Northwest Power Act; regional andlocal problems in salmon and steelheadmanagement; and redirecting the PacificNorthwest's salmon and steelheadmanagement process). A summary andrecommendations were made by PeterLarkin. As usual with this series ofMRF symposia, contributors and speak­ers are internationally recognized ex­perts, and it also publishes questionsand comments from the floor.

Management of the various stocks ofPacific salmon and trout is often com­plicated and controversial. Species areoften popular as food fish, sport fish,and as treaty-protected species impor­tant to Native Americans. But many willfind this book to be a good and handyreference, especially for those interestedin the recreational fisheries aspects of

86

these species. The 217-page hardboundvolume is available from the IGFA,3000 East Las alas Boulevard, Ft.Lauderdale, FL 33316 for $15.00.

Problems and Prospectsfor the Atlantic Salmon

"The Status of the Atlantic Salm­on in Scotland" edited by David Jenk­ins and William M. Shearer, has beenpublished by the Institute of TerrestrialEcology (ITE) , Monks Wood Experi­mental Station, Abbots Ripton, Hunt­ingdon PEl7 2LS England. The volumepresents 15 papers from the ITE Sym­posium 15 at Banchory Research Sta­tion, 13-14 February 1985, which, insum, thoroughly describes the regula­tion of the fishery (early history topresent), the biology of Sa/mo sa/ar,fishing methods, catch statistics, andcompares the status of Scotland's salm­onids with that of the stocks of othernations.

Of interest are the discussions of 30years data on exploitation of the speciesin Scottish waters, changes in fishingmethods and gears, management of arod-and-line and a commercial fishery,effects of the competition of farmedsalmon in the market place on the statusof commercial salmon fisheries, salmonfarming and the future of Atlantic salm­on, potential impact of fish culture onwild stocks of Atlantic salmon inScotland, data and analysis of Norwe­gian and Irish salmon catches and otherpapers.

Like other salmon researchers, con­tributors bemoan gaps in the existingdata base and the difficulty in fillingthem. More data is needed on catchstatistics, they report, as well as on abetter understanding of the species'ecology. Scottish salmon catches havedeclined from a peak in the late 1960'sand early 1970's to a point closer to thelevels of the 1950's, yet the availablesmolt production estimates show nocontinuous downward trend. Reducedcatches, biologists believe, are relatedmore to biological changes than to over­fishing, though they also believe that theestablishment of NASCa will providethe mechanism for controlling the dis­tant-water high-seas Atlantic salmon

fisheries. The I'D-page paperboundvolume is available from the publishingagency for £7.30.

On the Right to Fish"Treaties on Trial, the Continuing

Controversy Over Northwest IndianFishing Rights" by Fay G. Cohen hasbeen published by the University ofWashington Press, P.G. Box C-50096,Seattle, WA 98145-0096. Cohen is Asso­ciate Professor, Institute for Resourceand Environmental Studies, DalhousieUniversity, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Ca­nada. The book basically updates andextends material published in "Uncom­mon Controversy" by the U.W. Press onthe problems involved in the long-run­ning conflict over Native Americanfishing rights in Washington, and is toldessentially from the tribes point of view.Since similar controversies are found inmany other states nationwide, the bookwill be of interest beyond the PacificNorthwest.

While the original volume (reprintedfour times) dealt with three tribes-theMuckleshoots, Puyallups, and Nis­quallies-this new volume extends thescope of inquiry to all Northwest tribesengaged in treaty-protected salmon fish­ing in western Washington and along theColumbia River. Reviewed are historicIndian salmon fisheries, Indian treatiesand court decisions impinging on orclarifying them, the problems or con­troversies involved in leading up to thosecourt decisions, and the "Boldt Deci­sion" in which Federal Judge GeorgeBoldt ruled that the Indians were treaty­bound to get half the salmon resourcecovered by the treaty, and which waseventually upheld by the U.S. SupremeCourt. The 256-page book is a reportprepared for the American Friends Ser­vice Committee, which has been in­volved actively in treaty rights strugglesfor many years, and is available from thepublisher for $20.00 (cloth) and $9.95(paperbound) .

ICLARM Reports Usefulfor Aquaculturists

Publication of "A Hatchery Manualfor the Common, Chinese and Indian

Marine Fisheries Review

Major Carps;' by V. G. Jhingran andR. S. V. Pullin, has been announced byICLARM, the International Center forLiving Aquatic Resources Management,MCC P.o. Box 1501, Makati, MetroManila, Philippines. Number 11 in theICLARM Studies and Reviews series,the volume begins with brief reviews ofthe biology of the following culturedcarps: Grass carp, Ctenophamgodonidella; silver carp, Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix; bighead carp, Aristichthysnobilis; common carp, Cyprinus carpio;catla, Catla catla; rohu, Labeo rohita;and mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala.

Chapter 2 discusses the componentsof a carp hatchery, including site selec­tion, construction, ponds, and opera­tional procedures. Chapters 3 and 4 out­line proper broodfish selection and careand induced spawning and breeding ofthe common carp, while chapter 6reviews the transport of live fish seedand broodfish. Chapter 5 provides dataon postlarvae and fry rearing, fish feed­ing, and rearing pond management, andchapter 7 reviews applied genetics ofcultured carps.

Carp nutrition and diseases are alsothoroughly discussed, and a later chap­ter provides an outline for routine up­keep and maintenance tasks for carphatcheries. In addition, specialized sci­entific equipment and implementsneeded for a hatchery are detailed, alongwith requirements for applied researchprograms in carp culture. Extensivereferences and additional sources of in­formation are appended, along withselected Asian units of measure andtheir metric equivalents. The hardbound191-page volume includes geographicaland subject indexes and is a thoroughreference for those interested in carpculture. It is available from the publisheror, in the Americas from ISBS, the In­ternational Specialized Book Services,Inc., p.o. Box 1632, Beaverton, OR97ill5. Owing to considerable delays orlosses in surface mail, ICLARM alsorecommends requesting their publica­tion by airmail.

This volume was copublished by theAsian Development Bank, Manila, Phi­lippines. The authors have providedmuch practical information for carphatchery workers and managers, as well

48(4), 1986

as data useful beyond simple hatcherywork, to include production of finger­lings for stocking in growout ponds.

Number 12 in the same series is "TheBiology and Culture of Marine Bi­valve MoUuscs of the Genus Anadara"by M. 1. Broom. Several species of thisgenus constitute an important source ofprotein in many tropical to warm tem­perate areas; the more important speciesinclude Anadara granosa, A. sub­crenata, and A. broughtoni. The authorreviews the general biology, ecology,population dynamics, reproduction, andculture methods for those and otherspecies. A major impediment to improv­ing the productivity of culture of thespecies is predation by gastropod drillsand starfish, and the author believes thathatchery production-if economical­could overcome the considerable year­to-year variability in spat supplies forsome species. The 37-page paperboundreview is priced at $6.00; ISBS shippingand handling is $2.25 for the first bookand $1.25 for each additional volume.

Also available are ICLARM Confer­ence Proceedings 10 and 12, the formerbeing a "Summary Report of thePCARRD-ICLARM Workshop onPhilippine Tilapia Economics;' andthe latter being "Philippine TilapiaEconomics;' edited by I. R. Smith, E.B. Torres, and E. 0. Tan, a compilationof the complete workshop proceedings.Number 10 basically reproduces theabstracts of the workshop presentations,along with the reports of the four work­ing groups (inputs, lake-based produc­tion systems, land-based productionsystems, and marketing) plus the work­shop recommendations. The workshopincluded an overview of Philippinetilapia farming practices, problems, andprospects, as well as contributions onthe economics of private tilapia hatch­eries, a cost analysis of a large-scalehatchery producing Oreochromis nilo­ticus fingerlings, and a paper reviewingthe impact of the adoption of tilapiafarming on a small community. Otherpapers review the economics of variouscage culture systems in the Philippinesas well as several land-based fish-pondand rice-fish culture systems, and thetransfer of fish culture technology. Fivefinal papers discuss aspects of Philip-

pine tilapia marketing. Conference Pro­ceedings 10, 45 pages and paperbound,is currently out of print; ConferenceProceedings, Number 12, 261 pages,paperbound costs $21.00.

ICLARM Technical Reports 14 is"Experimental Rearing of NileTilapia Fry (Oreochromis niloticus)for Saltwater Culture" by Wade 0.Watanabe, Ching-Ming Kuo, and Mei­Chan Huang. The study is a preliminaryevaluation of several approaches of earlysalinity exposure for saltwater culture oftilapias. Reproductive performances ofthe Nile tilapia was monitored underlaboratory conditions at various salin­ities, and the salinity tolerance of theprogeny was determined. Survivorshipof fertilized eggs, spawned in freshwaterbut removed from the mouth of theparent female and artifically incubatedat various salinities was also evaluated,and the salinity tolerance of resultant frywas determined. The salinity toleranceof fry spawned and hatched in fresh­water, but subsequently acclimatized tovarious salinities was also determined.The 28-page paperbound report costs$6.00.

ICLARM Technical Reports 16 is"Salinity Tolerance of the TilapiasOreochromis aureus, O. niloticus andan O. mossambicus X O. niloticushybrid" by Wade 0. Watanabe, Ching­Ming Kuo, and Mei-Chan Huang. In itthe authors have evaluated several in­dices as practical measures of salinitytolerance in the tilapias spawned andreared in freshwater, and evaluated thechanges with respect to age, size, andcondition factors, and suggested avenuesfor future research. The 22-page paper­bound report costs $6.00.

ICLARM Technical Reports 13 is"An Atlas of the Growth, Mortalityand Recruitment of PhilippineFishes" by Jose Ingles and Daniel Pauly.The atlas presents the results of a de­tailed analysis of length-frequency datacollected from 1957 to 1981 throughoutthe Philippines, for 23 families, in­cluding 34 genera and 56 species repre­senting 112 stocks of commercially ex­ploited teleosts. The raw data, covering0.9 million single fish measurements,were compiled by the authors from anumber of different sources, particularly

87

the files of the Philippine Bureau ofFisheries and Aquatic Resources.

The atlas presents estimates of thevital statistics of commercially impor­tant Philippine fishes, obtained exclu­sively through analysis of length­frequency data. The authors haveattempted to present information rele­vant to the fisheries management oftropical fish using the type of data thatis most commonly collected fromtropical fisheries, i.e., length-frequencydata.

The results are presented in the formof 112 plates, providing for each stock:1) An outline drawing of the fish dis­cussed, with name and sampling loca­tion and date, a graphic representationof the length-frequency data with super­imposed growth curve, a length-con­verted catch curve as used for estimatingtotal mortality, a recruitment patternused to infer the seasonality of spawn­ing and recruitment, and a graph whereprobabilities of capture are plottedagainst length to estimate mean lengthat first capture (Lc)' Also, a legend isprovided giving, for each stock, thenumerical values of the estimates ofgrowth, mortality, and exploitation rate,the source of the data used, brief com­ments on the biology of the fish in ques­tion, and reference to a source of fur­ther information.

The aim of this atlas is to provideparameter estimates for the assessmentof multispecies stocks in SoutheastAsian countries, where most of thespecies considered are important com­ponents of the fishery resource. Thegrowth and mortality parameters esti­mated here are sufficient for perform­ing single-species yield-per-recruitanalyses which may be combined intoa multispecies analysis. The authors alsosuggest using atlas data in the construc­tion of ecosystem models, which usuallyrequire parameter estimates for a largenumber of species. The l27-page paper­bound report costs $10.00.

Also published is ICLARM Bibliog­raphies 5, "A Bibliography of theGiant Clams (Bivalvia:Tridacnidae)"by 1. L. Munro and W. 1. Nash. Withgiant clams garnering interest by aqua­culturists, the authors have tried to

88

locate and list all scientific papers andreports published up to 1985 which dealspecifically with aspects of the biology,ecology, exploitation, and cultivation ofthe various species of giant clams. In ad­dition, they have included a selection ofpapers on topics which are highly rele­vant to giant clam culture, such as theuse of serotonin for spawning inductionand key papers dealing with aspects ofthe biology of the symbiotic zooxan­thellae. Omitted were such reports asfaunal surveys which merely mentionthe presence of tridacnids without fur­ther detail. The 26-page paperboundbibliography costs $4.50 (airmail) and$2.50 (surface).

Identification of FishSubpopulations, RemoteSensing, and Fish Hearts

''Applications of Remote Sensing toFisheries and Coastal Resources:'subtitled "Report of a California SeaGrant Workshop" and edited by Rose­mary Amidei, has been published by theCalifornia Sea Grant College Program,University of California, A-032, LaJolla, CA 92093, as Pub!. no. T­CSGCP-0l2.

This free 68-page paperback is a re­port on a national workshop sponsoredby the California Sea Grant CollegeProgram in November 1983, presentingdiscussions of the status of remotesensing applications to fisheries andcoastal resources, operational aspects ofremote sensing, and future applicatonsof remote sensing.

Also available from the UCSGP is"Identifying Fish Subpopulations:'the "Proceedings of a California SeaGrant Workshop," edited by DennisHedgecock, Pub!. no. T-CSGCP-0l3.The workshop was held to 1) determinewhy and how techniques such as electro­phoresis are being applied to problemsof fisheries research, 2) assess how dataon fish subpopulations are presently ap­plied to management policy, and 3)identify future applications of subpopu­lation identification to fisheries man­agement. Part I includes discussions of

the application of electrophoresis tofisheries research and management andPart II is a panel discussion on the use­fulness of the "stock concept" in fish­eries management. The 51-page paper­bound report is also free.

"Social Consequences of MaritimeTechnological Change" by AlastairCouper is another in the University ofWashington's McKernan Lecture series.The author, head of the department ofmaritime studies at the Institute of Sci­ence and Technology, Cardiff, Wales,concentrates primarily on current andfuture technological changes in portsand shipping, but also includes remarkson the effects of change on commercialfisheries and fishing communities. The17-page paperbound report, WSG 85-6,costs $3.00 and is available from Wash­ington Sea Grant Communications, 3716Brooklyn Avenue, N.E., Seattle, WA98105.

Also published by the UW Sea GrantProgram is WSG 85-5, "Preservationof U.S. Maritime Freedoms: MissionImpossible?" by Bruce Harlow. In it,the author, a retired U.S. Navy Rear Ad­miral, outlines his reasons for optimismon navigational rights even though theUnited States has not signed the LOStreaty, and concludes that the 1982 con­vention, however imperfect, representsthe best codification of the law of thesea available. The 34-page paperboundbooklet also costs $3.00.

"Morphology and Innervation ofthe Fish Heart" by Robert M. Santeris the first book devoted to the subjectand is a thorough review of the litera­ture on the structure and developmentof the fish heart, amplified by theauthor's extensive observations on thehearts of many species taken from bothmarine and freshwater habitats. It de­scribes the variations that exist in thestructure and innervation of the fishheart, and points out areas needing fur­ther investigation. Well illustrated withphotomicrographs and drawings, thel02-page paperbound volume is number89 in the Series "Advances in Anatomy,Embryology, and Cell Biology" pub­lished by Springer-Verlag New York,Inc., 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ07094-2491 and costs $24.00.

Marine Fisheries Review