The IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and Storage Project: An Update on the Final Phase

Dr. Carolyn K. Preston,  P.Eng.Executive Director

Petroleum Technology Research Centree o eu e o ogy e ea e eRegina, Saskatchewan

With input from project researchers: B. Rostron, University of Alberta; R. Chalaturnyk, University of Alberta; C Gardner Chevron Energy Technology Company; C HawkesUniversity of Alberta; C. Gardner, Chevron Energy Technology Company; C. Hawkes,

University of Saskatchewan; J. Johnson, Schlumberger-Doll Research; D. White, Geological Survey of Canada; S. Whittaker, Petroleum Technology Research Centre

IEA-EOR 30th Annual Meeting, Canberra, Australia

September 21-25, 2009

Outline

Overview•Partners•Project HistoryFi ld L ti d

Overview•Partners•Project HistoryFi ld L ti d

Project Progress of the Final Phase

Project Progress of the Final Phase

Final Objectives by 2011

Final Objectives by 2011

•Field Location and Statistics

•Field Location and Statistics

What is the PTRC?Mission: To develop world-leading enhanced oil recovery and CO2 storage technologies that ensure sustainable and environmentally sensitive

• PTRC is a non-profit R&D corporation• PTRC manages EOR research and delivers

technologies that ensure sustainable and environmentally-sensitive development of Canada’s energy resources.

• PTRC manages EOR research and delivers basic and applied research results to its partners for field application, including the IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and 2Storage Project (2000-2011)

• Recently awarded a Business-Led Network of Centres of Excellence: Sustainable

f STechnologies for Energy Production Systems (STEPS)

• Partnered with, funded by, and liaison to: government industry and researchersgovernment, industry and researchers

• Founded in 1998 by • NRCan (Federal Gov’t)• SER (Provincial Gov’t)

Petroleum Technology Research CentreRegina, Saskatchewan, Canada

“Enhanced Oil Recovery technology with a SER (Provincial Gov t)• SRC (Research Organization)• UofR (Research Organization)

y gybigger impact and a smaller footprint.”

IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2Monitoring & Storage Project

use site to examine potential of long‐term storage in 

depleting oil field

unique in that it uses

improves oil production uses 

anthropogenic source of CO2

production while storing 

CO2

“The Weyburn‐Midale Project will provide policymakers, the energy industry and the general public with reliable informationenergy industry and the general public with reliable information about industrial carbon sequestration and enhanced oil recovery.”•Samuel Bodman,  Former Secretary of Energy, USA

World’s Largest Monitored CO2Geological Storage Siteg g

•$80 million funding including in kind

IEA WMP is a research program in 2 Phases•$80 million funding including in‐kind support

•Currently in Final Phase

R h F d

•Geological Integrity•Wellbore Integrity•S i i it i

Research Focused on

•Seismic monitoring•Geochemical monitoring•Risk Management•Over 30 projects in progress

•Communication

Non‐technical issues

•Policy

Final Phase: Partners to Date Government I d t S $40 Million Sponsors • Natural Resources Canada• United States Dept. of Energy-

National Energy Technology

Industry Sponsors

• SaskPower• Schlumberger• Shell

• Apache• EnCana• Chevron

$40 Million

gy gyLab

• IEA GHG R&D Programme• Saskatchewan Ministry of

Energy and Resources• Alberta Energy Research

Shell• DGC• Nexen

• Chevron• OMV Austria• Saudi Aramco

Research Organizations

Alberta Energy Research Institute

• RITE (Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth – Japan)

Research Organizations

• Alberta Research Council (ARC)• Canadian Light Source –

F S i i I i Uni ersit of Bristol UKT L W t & A i tSynchrotron• ECOMatters (ECOM)• Geological Survey of Canada (GSC)• Permedia Group• Saskatchewan Research Council

• Fugro Seismic Imaging• Lawrence Livermore National

Laboratories • Bluewave Resources

• University of Bristol UK• IEA GHG R&D

Programme

• T.L. Watson & Associates• University of Regina (U of R)• University of Sask. (U of S) • University of Alberta (U of A) • University of Calgary (U of C)

(SRC)• Canada Capital Energy Corp.

• URS Canada Inc. • Saskatchewan Geological Survey

Weyburn-Midale: Where is the CO2 from? Where is it stored?

Courtesy © Geological Survey of Canada

Great Plains Synfuel Plant

The Source of CO2Great Plains Synfuels Plant – Beulah, North DakotaGreat Plains Synfuels Plant Beulah, North Dakota

• 250 mmscfd CO2 by-product of coal (lignite) gasification• approx 8000 tonnes/day suitable for EOR• approx. 8000 tonnes/day suitable for EOR

• CO2 capture facility installed by Great Plains

CO it 95% (l th 2% H S)• CO2 purity 95% (less than 2% H2S)• trace mercaptans (provide basis for leak detection at surface

facilities)facilities)

• 320 km pipeline (14 in & 12 in) built & operated by Great Plains

Compressed CO delivered to custody transfer location in• Compressed CO2 delivered to custody transfer location in Weyburn

• EnCana and Apache take delivery at the field gate• EnCana and Apache take delivery at the field gate

Weyburn & Midale StatisticsWeyburn (EnCana) Midale (Apache)

Field Size 70 square miles 40 square miles

Original oil in place 1.4 billion barrels 515 million barrels

Oil recovery ( CO2 EOR)

370 millions barrels 154 million barrels(pre-CO2-EOR)

Projected CO2 IOR 155 million barrels 67 million barrels

Projected CO2 stored 30+ million tonnes* (gross)26+ million tonnes (net)

10+ million tonnes* (gross)8.5+ million tonnes (net)

**equivalent to removing equivalent to removing more than 8 million carsmore than 8 million carsoff the road for a yearoff the road for a yearoff the road for a yearoff the road for a year

CO2 Injection 2000 vs. 2009Initial CO injection at Weyburn Sept 2000:Initial CO2 injection at Weyburn Sept. 2000:

~5,000 tonnes/day or 95 MMSCF

Dec 2008, Weyburn:~6,550 tonnes/d(+ 5,500 tonnes/day recycle)

Dec 2008, Midale:~1,500 tonnes/d

Total Stored (as of January 1, 2009)Weyburn:• 13 MT stored• 13 MT storedMidale:• 1.6 MT stored

Oil Production and CO2 Stored at Weyburn• At Weyburn-Midale: 14.6 million tonnes of anthropogenic CO2 stored to-datet eybu da e 6 o to es o a t opoge c CO2 sto ed to date• Annual Injection 1.75 million tonnes at Weyburn alone• 40 million tonnes will be stored by 2035 in Weyburn-Midale fields• Excellent EOR response: >20,000 incremental bbl/day

40

45

50

20

25

30

35

Vertical Infills CO2

Current production at 35 year high

)

5

10

15Primary & Waterflood

Pre CO2 Hz Infills

EOR

Waterf lo o d Impro vement

bls/

d (G

ross

0Jan-55 Jan-61 Jan-67 Jan-73 Jan-79 Jan-85 Jan-91 Jan-97 Jan-03 Jan-09 Jan-15M

bb

CO stored equivalent to removing more than 8 million carsCO2 stored equivalent to removing more than 8 million cars off the road for a year

Phase I Project OrganizationOrganized into 4 themes:Organized into 4 themes:

• Theme 1: Geological Characterization of the Geosphere and Biosphere

• Theme 2: Prediction, Monitoring, and Verification of CO2 movements

• Theme 3: CO2 Storage Capacity and Distribution Predictions and the Application of Economic Limits

• Theme 4: Long Term Risk Assessments of the Storage• Theme 4: Long Term Risk Assessments of the Storage Site

Final Phase: Research ProgramN T h i l C tNon-Technical Components

• Regulatory• Public CommunicationsPublic Communications• Fiscal Policy

Technical Components

• Geological Integrity• Wellbore Integrity• Wellbore Integrity• Storage Monitoring Methods(Geophysics &

Geochemistry)y)• Risk Assessment

Study Region - GeoscienceS k t h

System Model

(10 km beyond EOR)

Saskatchewan

Alberta(10 km beyond EOR)

ManitobaMontana

North Dakota

Williston BasinRegional Study

(200 x 200 km)Wyoming (200 x 200 km)

South Dakota

Wyoming

Geological/Hydrogeological Model• 10 km beyond CO210 km beyond CO2

flood limits• Geological

architecture ofarchitecture of system

• Properties of system:– lithology– hydrogeological

characteristicscharacteristics– hydrochemistry– poro/perm– faults

GEOSCIENCEGEOSCIENCE

FRAMEWORKFRAMEWORKFRAMEWORKFRAMEWORK

200 x 200 km•Stratigraphic framework

•Hydrostratigraphic framework

•Tectonic framework

Geological Model

10 km beyond CO2 flood

CO2 Storage capacity and distribution

History matching

System Model Risk Risk AssessmentAssessment

Theme 1 Theme 3

Prediction & Monitoring4D Seismic

GeochemicalTheme 2

Features, Events,

ProcessesNumerical modelingTheme 2 modelingTheme 4

Theme 1: Final Phase Study Area(s)projects related to: improved geological- projects related to: improved geological

model, hydraulic properties of aquitards, fault characterization

Theme 2: Wellbore IntegrityProjects related to: wellbore databases knowledge synthesisProjects related to: wellbore databases, knowledge synthesis,

wellbore modelling

‐ Proposed “big ticket” item: in‐situ cement/casing testing

Theme 2: Wellbore Integrity ll i d liWell Integrity Modeling

• Numerical Simulation of Wellbore Systems

Wellbore Stability for CO Storage SamplingWellbore Stability for CO2 Storage Sampling• Downhole Cement Sampling, Testing & Logging

• Overall Objective: Assessdi i f i /conditions of casing/cement

formations in a typical well.

Courtesy: Christopher and Crow, Carbon Capture Project, March 2007

Theme 3: Storage Monitoring Techniques

MicroseismicityMicroseismicity Summary (03Summary (03--08) 08)

Microseismicity is low: 175 microseisms near the reservoir; 148 locatable.

M=–3 to –1 (energy-equivalent of 30 mg-30gm of TNT).

Very sporadic; clustered temporally and spatially.

Associated with changes in injection rates or temporary wellAssociated with changes in injection rates or temporary well shut-downs.

T t ti l ti f l ti ith CO di t ib ti fTentative correlation of locations with CO2 distribution from time-lapse seismic.

Including Time Lapse Seismic &Including Time Lapse Seismic &Theme 3: Geophysical MonitoringGeophysical Monitoring

Measured Seismic Volume at Time 1

Geochemical MassGeochemical Mass--BalanceBalance

IMPROVEDProduction F t F iliti

Reservoir Simulation at Time 1

Reservoir Simulation at Time 2Lab Measurements

Well Data

“History Matching”“History Matching”

Forecasts, Facilities Planning, Recovery Strategies

Geochemical

Core Data

Production Data Measured Seismic Difference

Geochemical Signature Distribution

Data

Reservoir Modeling and Flow Simulation Reservoir Modeling and Flow Simulation

Theme 3: Monitoring Methods (Geochemical)Shallow Groundwater Samplingp g

Hydrocarbon Fluid Sampling

Soil Gas Sampling

Geochemical Fluid SamplingGeochemical Fluid Sampling

• Geochemical Monitoring of Gas‐Fluid‐Rock Reactions in the EnCana Weyburn ReservoirReservoir

Reactive Transport Modeling of CO2 ‐ flood EOR and sequestration at Weyburn

• This task has been completed by ARC p y

CO2 Brine‐Rock Interactions

• Integrated Experimental and Modeling Study of the Impact of CO2 and Contaminant gases on Reservoir and Caprock performance.

Pore‐Scale Mineral Alteration Studies

i S l i i l i• Micron Scale Reservoir Matrix Analysis

Theme 4: Risk AssessmentAssessmentApplication and Escalation

FactorEscalation

FactorB arriers s it between T hreats and the T op E vent, on the L eft Hand Application and

comparison of different quantitative RA methods:

B Ti M th d Haz

ard

Sour

ce

EscalationFactorControl

EscalationFactorControl

Threat

Th t

Consequence

Conseq enceT E t

RPM

RPMBarrier

Barrier

the T op E vent, on the L eft Hand S ide of the B owT ie.

- Bow-Tie Method

- RISQUE (URS) Method

Haz

ard

and

H

Threat

Threat Consequence

Consequence

Top Event

RPM RPM

RPM

RPM

Barrier Barrier

Barrier

Barrier

- Percolation-Invasion Methods (Permedia)

Activities

Tasks

Business Model HSE Critical Task

Non-technical Themes

Public Communications and Outreach:

E t bli h t f E t

Regulatory Issues:•Survey (report) completed on regulatory progress approaches• Establishment of Expert

Advisory Panel to plan public communications on CCS.CCS bli l k l d

regulatory progress, approaches and laws about CCS in several jurisdictions, globally

• CCS public general knowledge website being established

• Trade show booth and IEA bli ti t i blipublications to increase public

awareness of CCS• Media kits in preparation

Conclusions• Geological container at Weyburn is suitable for long term• Geological container at Weyburn is suitable for long-term

storage of CO2

• Effective trapping setting:Effective trapping setting:• primary seals are highly competent and thick shales above the

reservoir serve as secondary barriers

• Risk Assessment using Geological Model indicates no seepage to surface over 5000 years

• Dec 2008: ~ 14 Mtonnes stored…

Conclusions: Final Phase Objectives

Best Practices

Transition of CO2‐EOR 

O i

Transition of CO2‐EOR 

O i

Pre‐injection, Operations, Post‐Pre‐injection, 

Operations, Post‐Practices Manual

Operations to CO2‐storageOperations to CO2‐storage

Operations, Postinjection, ClosureOperations, Postinjection, Closure

Technical Components

Policy Componentsp

• Site Characterization•Monitoring & Verification

Components• Regulatory Issues• Public Communications &

•Wellbore Integrity• Risk Management

Communications & Outreach

• Fiscal Policy Issues