The Heart of the Matter

Page 34

13. Why is it important for your heart to keep oxygen-rich blood separate from oxygen-poor blood?

If the blood gets mixed up, the oxygen concentration would be decreased which would negatively affect all parts of the body that require oxygen to function properly.

15. How would the body be affected if red blood cells had low levels of hemoglobin?

Blood would cover low levels of oxygen, which would affect every cell in the body.

16. What is the difference between the pulmonary and systemic circulations?

The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs is the pulmonary circulation. The circulation of blood between the heart and the rest of the body is the systemic circulation.

17. Put a box around the part of the diagram that shows the pulmonary circulation. Where in the diagram would you find oxygen-poor blood?

The upper portions of the diagram with the blood vessels and lungs should be boxed.

Oxygen-poor blood is found in the veins leading to the heart from the systemic circulation.

20. Scuba divers breathe air from the tanks strapped to their bodies. Check the box next to the gas you would expect to find in the greatest concentration in the air tank of the diver’s back and in the air bubbles he is exhaling.

Oxygen in coming into the diver’s lungs and the bubbles represent carbon-dioxide being released by the lungs.

23. How are these two lungs different? How can you tell the diseased lung from the healthy lung?

The emphysema lung is black, not a normal color for a lung which is pinkish to red.

25. The lymph organs found in your throat are called ____________.

Tonsils

26. The two gases that the blood carries around the body are _________ and _________.

Oxygen and carbon-dioxide

27.Oxygen enters the blood and carbon-dioxide leaves the blood in the _________ of the lungs.

Alveoli

28. Describe how a problem with the respiratory system could directly affect the cardiovascular system.

The cardiovascular system would have less oxygen to carry in the blood. The lack of oxygen would affect the heart and other parts of the body.

Lesson ReviewPage 43

1. Define blood

The fluid that carries gases, nutrients, and wastes through the body.

Define Lymph

The fluid that leaks from blood and collects in lymphatic vessels.

Define Alveoli

The tiny air sacs found at the end of the bronchioles.

4. What are the main structures of the lymphatic system?

Lymph vessels; lymph nodes; spleen; tonsils; thymes, bone marrow.

5. What are the main structures of the cardiovascular system?

Heart, veins, arteries, capillaries, blood

6. What are the main structures of the respiratory system?

Lungs, nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

7. How does blood help maintain homeostasis in the body?

Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells and carries cellular wastes away. Blood also helps to maintain an even body temperature.

8. How are arteries and veins different?

Arteries have thick, muscular walls, and they carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

Veins have thinner walls and have valves. They carry oxygen-poor blood to the heart.

9. How might a blockage of the lymph vessels affect the function of the cardiovascular system?

The lymphatic system would not be able to return leaked fluid to the blood and the blood would lose volume (or fluid).

10. Look at the picture on page 43. To what body system does this structure belong?

The cardiovascular system

11. Again, refer to the picture on page 43. How might what is happening in this image affect the nervous system?

A blockage in an artery would affect blood flow, and may affect blood flow to the brain which would cause a stroke.

12. Why is it important that lymph vessels are spread throughout the body?

Lymph vessels need to be throughout the body to be able to collect the fluid that leaks fromt eh blood capillaries.