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The Geography of RomeThe Geography of Rome
The Mythical Founding of Rome:
Romulus & Remus
The Mythical Founding of Rome:
Romulus & Remus
Italy Italy
Latins
Etruscans
Greeks
Influence of the EtruscansInfluence of the Etruscans WritingWriting ReligionReligion Roads Roads The ArchThe ArchMetallurgyMetallurgy
The Twelve Tables, 450 BCEThe Twelve Tables, 450 BCEProvided political and social rights for the plebeians.
Republican GovernmentRepublican Government
2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome)
Dictator (ruled for 6 months, chosen by Consuls)
Senate (Representative body for patricians)
Assembly (Representative body for plebeians) fasces
Society• Pater familia• Women• Slavery• Cities and Urban Life• Homes
– atriums
Social ClassesPatricians
Plebeians
Gravitas [Roman Values]
discipline, strength, loyalty
Rome’s Early Road System
Rome’s Early Road System
Military
The Roman ForumThe Roman Forum
Roman Roads: The Appian Way
Roman Roads: The Appian Way
Circus MaximusCircus Maximus
Carthaginian EmpireCarthaginian Empire
Punic Wars
First Punic War--264-241 BCE
•control of Sicily and Mediterranean Sea
•turning point of war--beached Carthaginian ship
•use of raven (iron hook)
•victory for Romans
Second Punic War218-202 BCE
• Rome’s navy expands
• Hannibal and Alps
• Scipio– Battle of Zama
Hannibal’s RouteHannibal’s Route
Third Punic War149-146 BCE
“Carthage must be destroyed.”-
Cato
Collapse of the Republic
Returning soldiers find land destroyed
Landless move to Rome--often riot
Wealthy gained spoils of war
Slave Revolts
Reform LeadersReform Leaders
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus - the poor should be given grain
and small plots of free land.
Civil and Social Wars
Sulla declares himself Dictator
Kills all enemies except-Caesar
First TriumvirateFirst Triumvirate
Crassus
Pompey
Julius Caesar
Gallic Wars
Commentaries on the Gallic Wars--Caesar
Crossing the Rubicon, 49 BCCrossing the Rubicon, 49 BC
CaesarDictator 46 BC
• Ten years not 6 months
• Roman citizenship granted in provinces
• Increased number of senators
• Ended Draft
• Public Works=decreased unemployment
• 20 new provinces=land to landless
• Julian Calendar
Beware the Ides of March!44 BCE
Beware the Ides of March!44 BCE
The Second TriumvirateThe Second Triumvirate
Octavian
Marc Antony
Marcus Lepidus
What group influenced Rome with its religion, metallurgy, roads, etc.?
A.) Etruscans
B.) Greeks
C.) Latins
D.) Huns
The Punic Wars were fought between Rome and Carthage over control of
the
A.) City of Rome
B.) Mediterranean Sea
C.) The Atlantic Ocean
D.) The Black Sea
The plebians were successful in getting a written law code which
became the basis for Roman Law. This law code was called.
A.) Hammurabi's Code
B.) Justinian's Code
C.) The Twelve Tables
D.) The Forum
Octavian Augustus:Rome’s First EmperorOctavian Augustus:
Rome’s First Emperor
Accomplishments of Augustus•Encouraged trade
•Long-lasting system of government
•Buildings and monuments
•Common coinage
•Public works programs
•Civil Service
Pax Romana: 27 BCE – 180 CE
Pax Romana: 27 BCE – 180 CE
Pantheon
Roman Aqueducts
Roman Aqueducts
The Roman ColosseumThe Roman Colosseum
The Colosseum InteriorThe Colosseum Interior
The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire – 14 CE
The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire – 14 CE
Slavery
• Widespread
• Most were conquered peoples
• Children of slaves became slaves
• Property of owner
Culture and Philosophy
Epicureanism
Stoicism
Marcus Aurelius
Literature• Livy• Aeneid
– Virgil
• Tacitus– Satires
– Annals
Science and Technology
Roman Baths
Imperial Roman Road SystemImperial Roman Road System
Eurasian Trade
The Rise of ChristianityThe Rise of Christianity
St. Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles
St. Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles
The Spread of ChristianityThe Spread of Christianity
Early Christian Church
Diocletian Splits the Empire in Two: 294 CE
Diocletian Splits the Empire in Two: 294 CE
Constantine: 312 - 337Constantine: 312 - 337
Constantinople: The 2nd RomeFounded in 330
Constantinople: The 2nd RomeFounded in 330
Theodosius• Upon his death Empire
Divided-
• 395 CE
• Western part—Roman Empire
• Eastern part—Byzantine Empire with capital in Byzantium [Constantinople]
Barbarian Invasions: 4c-5cBarbarian Invasions: 4c-5c
Attila the Hun:“The Scourge of God”
Attila the Hun:“The Scourge of God”
Fall of Western Roman Empire
Political
Social
Economic
Military
The Legacy of RomeThe Legacy of Rome Republic GovernmentRepublic Government Roman LawRoman Law Latin Language—Romance LanguagesLatin Language—Romance Languages Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church City PlanningCity Planning Romanesque Architectural StyleRomanesque Architectural Style Roman EngineeringRoman Engineering - aqueducts - aqueducts - sewage systems - sewage systems - dams - dams - concrete - concrete - arch - arch