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Two Legends Two Legends explain the explain the Founding of Founding of Rome:Rome:
Romulus and Romulus and RemusRemus
The Aeneid The Aeneid by by Virgil Virgil
Two Legends Two Legends explain the explain the Founding of Founding of Rome:Rome:
Romulus and Romulus and RemusRemus
The Aeneid The Aeneid by by Virgil Virgil
Twin sons of the Twin sons of the Roman God Roman God of War, Mars, of War, Mars, who were left who were left to die by their evil great to die by their evil great uncle, Amuliusuncle, Amulius
The twins will be raised by a The twins will be raised by a she-wolf until they grow she-wolf until they grow older older
They will build a city on the They will build a city on the Tiber River, Tiber River, but fight over but fight over who should rule who should rule
Twin sons of the Twin sons of the Roman God Roman God of War, Mars, of War, Mars, who were left who were left to die by their evil great to die by their evil great uncle, Amuliusuncle, Amulius
The twins will be raised by a The twins will be raised by a she-wolf until they grow she-wolf until they grow older older
They will build a city on the They will build a city on the Tiber River, Tiber River, but fight over but fight over who should rule who should rule
The brothers agree The brothers agree to let the gods to let the gods decide. Romulus decide. Romulus sees 12 vultures and sees 12 vultures and Remus sees 6Remus sees 6
Disagreeing on the Disagreeing on the meaning they fight meaning they fight and Romulus kills and Romulus kills Remus, and names Remus, and names the city the city RomeRome
RomulusRomulus is the first is the first king of Romeking of Rome
The brothers agree The brothers agree to let the gods to let the gods decide. Romulus decide. Romulus sees 12 vultures and sees 12 vultures and Remus sees 6Remus sees 6
Disagreeing on the Disagreeing on the meaning they fight meaning they fight and Romulus kills and Romulus kills Remus, and names Remus, and names the city the city RomeRome
RomulusRomulus is the first is the first king of Romeking of Rome
Many years later, the Many years later, the Roman author Roman author Virgil Virgil wrote about the wrote about the origins of Rome and origins of Rome and the the Trojan Prince, Trojan Prince, Aeneas, Aeneas, son of Venus son of Venus (Roman Goddess of (Roman Goddess of Love) Love)
Aeneas leads the Aeneas leads the survivors of Troy to a survivors of Troy to a new homeland= new homeland= RomeRome
Romulus and Remus Romulus and Remus are descendants of are descendants of Aeneas Aeneas
Many years later, the Many years later, the Roman author Roman author Virgil Virgil wrote about the wrote about the origins of Rome and origins of Rome and the the Trojan Prince, Trojan Prince, Aeneas, Aeneas, son of Venus son of Venus (Roman Goddess of (Roman Goddess of Love) Love)
Aeneas leads the Aeneas leads the survivors of Troy to a survivors of Troy to a new homeland= new homeland= RomeRome
Romulus and Remus Romulus and Remus are descendants of are descendants of Aeneas Aeneas
Aeneas on his journey will fall in love with Queen Dido of Carthage, who he leaves. She vows that her people, the Carthaginians and Aeneas’ relatives will always be enemies
Aeneas also marries the daughter of the King of the Latins and will become their king.
Rome was located in the middle of the Italian peninsula in the land of Latium
Advantages of Location:
1. Rome was built on 7 hills
2. The Tiber River flows through the city
3. Only 15 miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea
Early ItaliansEarly ItaliansEarly ItaliansEarly Italians
EtruscansEtruscansEtruscansEtruscans
““People of the Sea.”People of the Sea.”
The Romans would borrow The Romans would borrow much from them!much from them!
““People of the Sea.”People of the Sea.”
The Romans would borrow The Romans would borrow much from them!much from them!
Origin of the EtruscansOrigin of the EtruscansOrigin of the EtruscansOrigin of the Etruscans Between 900 and 500 BCE
Called themselves the Rasenna, the Greeks called them Tyrrhenioi; the Romans called them the Etruscans.
Came from eastern Mediterranean, possibly Lydia in Asia Minor.
Their land was called Etruria.
Between 900 and 500 BCE
Called themselves the Rasenna, the Greeks called them Tyrrhenioi; the Romans called them the Etruscans.
Came from eastern Mediterranean, possibly Lydia in Asia Minor.
Their land was called Etruria.
Etruscan MilitaryEtruscan MilitaryEtruscan MilitaryEtruscan Military
Bronze WarriorBronze Warrior6c BCE Chariot6c BCE Chariot
Etruscan Political SystemEtruscan Political SystemEtruscan Political SystemEtruscan Political System Independent city-states that
were protected with walls.
Formed small confederacies.
Had a strong military that dominated all the surrounding peoples, their secret weapon was the shoe
By 6c BCE, the Etruscan military had conquered much of the Italian peninsula, including Rome and the island of Corsica.
Independent city-states that were protected with walls.
Formed small confederacies.
Had a strong military that dominated all the surrounding peoples, their secret weapon was the shoe
By 6c BCE, the Etruscan military had conquered much of the Italian peninsula, including Rome and the island of Corsica.
Tarquin [Etruscan] Rulers of Tarquin [Etruscan] Rulers of RomeRome
Tarquin [Etruscan] Rulers of Tarquin [Etruscan] Rulers of RomeRome
Reign of RomulusReign of Romulus 753-716 BCE753-716 BCE
Numa PompiliusNuma Pompilius 715-674 BCE715-674 BCE
Tullius HostilliusTullius Hostillius 673-642 BCE673-642 BCE
Anchus MarciusAnchus Marcius 642-617 BCE642-617 BCE
Lucius Tarquinian PriscusLucius Tarquinian Priscus 616-579 BCE616-579 BCE
Servius TulliusServius Tullius 578-535 BCE578-535 BCE
Lucius Tarquinius SuperbusLucius Tarquinius Superbus 535-510 BCE535-510 BCE
509 BCE509 BCE Roman Revolt Roman Revolt Republic Republic Established!Established!
Etruscan WritingEtruscan WritingEtruscan WritingEtruscan Writing
Most inscriptions found on tombs and monuments and mirrors.
We can pronounce Etruscanwords, because they use analphabet similar to Greek, but wehave no clue about their meaning.
Over 10,000 Etruscan inscriptions.
Most inscriptions found on tombs and monuments and mirrors.
We can pronounce Etruscanwords, because they use analphabet similar to Greek, but wehave no clue about their meaning.
Over 10,000 Etruscan inscriptions.
Etruscan Writing TabletEtruscan Writing TabletEtruscan Writing TabletEtruscan Writing Tablet
Lemnos Stelae – 6c BCELemnos Stelae – 6c BCELemnos Stelae – 6c BCELemnos Stelae – 6c BCE
The Etruscan AlphabetThe Etruscan AlphabetThe Etruscan AlphabetThe Etruscan Alphabet
Etruscan ReligionEtruscan ReligionEtruscan ReligionEtruscan Religion Polytheistic and similar to the
Greek gods
Believed that the destiny of manwas determined by the whims of the gods.
Believed in prophecy and readingthe signs of nature by soothsayers who read the omens
Believed in predestination.
Polytheistic and similar to the Greek gods
Believed that the destiny of manwas determined by the whims of the gods.
Believed in prophecy and readingthe signs of nature by soothsayers who read the omens
Believed in predestination.
Reconstruction of anReconstruction of anEtruscan TempleEtruscan Temple
Reconstruction of anReconstruction of anEtruscan TempleEtruscan Temple
Etruscan Cemetery: Etruscan Cemetery:
NecropolisNecropolis
Etruscan Cemetery: Etruscan Cemetery:
NecropolisNecropolis
Etruscan Etruscan FuneralFuneral& Tomb& Tomb
Etruscan Etruscan FuneralFuneral& Tomb& Tomb
Etruscan Etruscan Tomb Tomb Wall &Wall &
Tomb FrescoTomb Fresco
Etruscan Etruscan Tomb Tomb Wall &Wall &
Tomb FrescoTomb Fresco
Interior of an Etruscan Interior of an Etruscan TombTomb
Interior of an Etruscan Interior of an Etruscan TombTomb
CatacombCatacombCatacombCatacomb
Etruscan ArtEtruscan ArtEtruscan ArtEtruscan Art Art created for religious or utilitarian
purposes.
Most famous pieces created out ofterracotta.
Many murals and frescoes on tomb walls.
Lively depictions of life—dancing, games,music, and feasting.
Pottery at first copies of Greek works. Later, created their own bronze pottery.
Bronze crafts [mirrors, bowls, candelabra].
Art created for religious or utilitarianpurposes.
Most famous pieces created out ofterracotta.
Many murals and frescoes on tomb walls.
Lively depictions of life—dancing, games,music, and feasting.
Pottery at first copies of Greek works. Later, created their own bronze pottery.
Bronze crafts [mirrors, bowls, candelabra].
Etruscan BronzesEtruscan BronzesEtruscan BronzesEtruscan Bronzes
Etruscan Gold JewelryEtruscan Gold JewelryEtruscan Gold JewelryEtruscan Gold Jewelry
Etruscan Jars & VasesEtruscan Jars & VasesEtruscan Jars & VasesEtruscan Jars & Vases
Sarcophagus of an Sarcophagus of an Etruscan CoupleEtruscan Couple
Sarcophagus of an Sarcophagus of an Etruscan CoupleEtruscan Couple
Etruscan WrestlersEtruscan WrestlersEtruscan WrestlersEtruscan Wrestlers
Dance, Dance, Spin !Dance, Dance, Spin !Dance, Dance, Spin !Dance, Dance, Spin !
Double FlutistDouble Flutist
Life-Size Statue of an Life-Size Statue of an Etruscan Baby in Etruscan Baby in
Swaddling ClothesSwaddling Clothes
Life-Size Statue of an Life-Size Statue of an Etruscan Baby in Etruscan Baby in
Swaddling ClothesSwaddling Clothes
An Etruscan BanquetAn Etruscan BanquetAn Etruscan BanquetAn Etruscan Banquet
Before the
Etruscans
Before the
Etruscans
After the EtruscansAfter the Etruscans
The Gate of Volterra:The Gate of Volterra:First known Archway in First known Archway in
History!History!
The Gate of Volterra:The Gate of Volterra:First known Archway in First known Archway in
History!History!
The ARCHThe ARCH
The Arch today!!!The Arch today!!!
TRIUMPH!TRIUMPH!
Triumphs
today!!!
Triumphs
today!!!
Gladiatorial
Games
Gladiatorial
Games
FascesFasces
Fasces in the U.S. House of Representatives
Fasces in the U.S. House of Representatives