TheThe “Era of Good “Era of Good

Feelings”Feelings”(1816 -1824)(1816 -1824)

TheThe “Era of Good “Era of Good

Feelings”Feelings”(1816 -1824)(1816 -1824)

Expansion of Territories, Expansion of Territories, transportation, and Manifest transportation, and Manifest

DestinyDestiny

Essential Questions:Essential Questions:

What were the majorWhat were the majorcharacteristics of “The characteristics of “The

EraEra of Good Feelings?” of Good Feelings?”

What factors influenced What factors influenced American westward American westward

movement?movement?

Essential Questions:Essential Questions:

What were the majorWhat were the majorcharacteristics of “The characteristics of “The

EraEra of Good Feelings?” of Good Feelings?”

What factors influenced What factors influenced American westward American westward

movement?movement?

Expansion resulting from the Expansion resulting from the Louisiana Purchase and the War of Louisiana Purchase and the War of

18121812

• The Louisiana Purchase inspired many The Louisiana Purchase inspired many Americans Americans to explore and settle westward into the new to explore and settle westward into the new territory, acquired by Thomas Jefferson in territory, acquired by Thomas Jefferson in 1803 1803

• • The American victory over the British in the The American victory over the British in the War of 1812 produced an American claim to War of 1812 produced an American claim to the the Oregon Territory and increased migration of Oregon Territory and increased migration of American settlers into Florida, which was American settlers into Florida, which was later later acquired by treaty from Spain.acquired by treaty from Spain.

Expansion resulting from the Expansion resulting from the Louisiana Purchase and the War of Louisiana Purchase and the War of

1812 1812 (Con’t)(Con’t)

• Economic and strategic interests, supported by popular beliefs, led to territorial expansion to the Pacific Ocean.

• The new American republic prior to the Civil War experienced dramatic territorial expansion, immigration, economic growth, and industrialization.

Expansion resulting from the Expansion resulting from the Louisiana Purchase and the War of Louisiana Purchase and the War of

1812 1812 (Con’t)(Con’t)

• Americans, stirred by their hunger for land and the ideology of “Manifest Destiny,” flocked to new frontiers.

• American settlers streamed westward from the coastal states into the Midwest, Southwest, and Texas, seeking economic opportunity in the form of land to own and farm.

The Election of 1816The Election of 1816[The Demise of the [The Demise of the Federalist Party!]Federalist Party!]

Adams-Onis Treaty, Adams-Onis Treaty, 18191819

Spain transfers Florida to the Spain transfers Florida to the US US

The Monroe The Monroe Doctrine, 1823Doctrine, 1823

The Monroe Doctrine (1823) stated the The Monroe Doctrine (1823) stated the following:following:

– – The American continents should not be The American continents should not be considered for future colonization by considered for future colonization by any any European powers.European powers.

– – Nations in the Western Hemisphere Nations in the Western Hemisphere were were inherently different from those of inherently different from those of Europe—i.e., Europe—i.e., they were republics by nature rather they were republics by nature rather than than monarchies.monarchies.

The Monroe The Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Doctrine, 1823 (Con’t)(Con’t)– – The United States would regard as a The United States would regard as a

threat to threat to its own peace and safety any attempt its own peace and safety any attempt by by European powers to impose their European powers to impose their system on system on any independent state in the Western any independent state in the Western Hemisphere.Hemisphere.

– – The United States would not interfere The United States would not interfere in in European affairs.European affairs.

The Monroe The Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Doctrine, 1823 (Con’t)(Con’t)

3.3. What would What would the US do if the the US do if the warning was warning was not headed?not headed?

Monroe Monroe Doctrine Doctrine

2.2. What warning is What warning is given to the given to the European European countries?countries?1.1. What What

foreign foreign policy policy principles principles are are establishedestablished??

• Referred to as Referred to as “America’s Self-Defense “America’s Self-Defense Doctrine” Doctrine”

Economic NationalismEconomic NationalismEconomic NationalismEconomic Nationalism

• Encourage Creativity & Encourage Creativity & Inventiveness. Inventiveness.

• Create a Transportation Create a Transportation Infrastructure.Infrastructure.

• Create a Pro-Business Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere.Atmosphere.

Westward movement and Westward movement and economic developmenteconomic development

The American The American SystemSystem

• Proposed by Sec. of State Proposed by Sec. of State Henry Clay Henry Clay

• Created Protective tariffs Created Protective tariffs

• Charters of the Second Charters of the Second Bank of the United States Bank of the United States

• Internal improvementsInternal improvements at at federal expensefederal expense.. - National Road - National Road Henry Clay,Henry Clay,

“The Great“The GreatCompromiser”Compromiser”

By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.most major cities.

First TurnpikeFirst TurnpikeLancaster, PALancaster, PA (1790)(1790)

First TurnpikeFirst TurnpikeLancaster, PALancaster, PA (1790)(1790)

The American System:The American System:The National [Cumberland] RoadThe National [Cumberland] Road

• 1817 – 1825.1817 – 1825.

• 363 miles 363 miles Albany to Buffalo.Albany to Buffalo.

• Much further than any other American or European Much further than any other American or European canal.canal.

The Erie CanalThe Erie Canal

The Erie Canal, The Erie Canal, 1820s1820s

The Erie Canal, The Erie Canal, 1820s1820s

Erie Canal SystemErie Canal SystemErie Canal SystemErie Canal System

Robert Fulton & the Robert Fulton & the SteamboatSteamboat

Robert Fulton & the Robert Fulton & the SteamboatSteamboatThanks to the expansion of Thanks to the expansion of

the canal system, Steam the canal system, Steam Boats became an essential Boats became an essential

part of American Commerce part of American Commerce and travel.and travel.

The American The American SystemSystem• WESTWEST got roads, canals, and got roads, canals, and

federal aide. federal aide.

• EAST EAST got the backing of got the backing of protective tariffs from the protective tariffs from the West. West.

• SOUTHSOUTH ????

The American The American SystemSystemThe growth of railroads The growth of railroads

and canals helped the and canals helped the growth of an industrial growth of an industrial economy and supported economy and supported the westward movement the westward movement

of settlers.of settlers.

• American migration into Texas led to an American migration into Texas led to an armed revoltarmed revolt against Mexican rule and a famous battle at against Mexican rule and a famous battle at the Alamo, in which a band of Texans fought to the Alamo, in which a band of Texans fought to the last man against a vastly superior force. the last man against a vastly superior force. The Texans’ eventual victory over Mexican The Texans’ eventual victory over Mexican forces subsequently brought Texas into the forces subsequently brought Texas into the United States.United States.

• • The American victory in the Mexican War The American victory in the Mexican War during the 1840s led to the acquisition of an during the 1840s led to the acquisition of an enormous territory that included the present-enormous territory that included the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico.and parts of Colorado and New Mexico.

Westward movement and economic development

Impact on the American Impact on the American IndiansIndians

• • The belief that it was America’s “Manifest The belief that it was America’s “Manifest Destiny” to stretch from the Atlantic to the Destiny” to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific provided political support for territorial Pacific provided political support for territorial expansion.expansion.

• • During this period of westward migration, During this period of westward migration, AmericanAmerican Indians were repeatedly defeated in violent Indians were repeatedly defeated in violent conflictsconflicts with settlers and soldiers and forcibly removed with settlers and soldiers and forcibly removed fromfrom their ancestral homelands.their ancestral homelands.

• They were either forced to march far away They were either forced to march far away from their homes (the “Trail of Tears,” when from their homes (the “Trail of Tears,” when several tribes were relocated from Atlantic several tribes were relocated from Atlantic Coastal states to Oklahoma) or confined to Coastal states to Oklahoma) or confined to reservations.reservations.

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny is?Manifest Destiny is?• Belief that the United States has the Belief that the United States has the

right and duty to expand to the Pacific right and duty to expand to the Pacific OceanOcean

• Pacific Ocean Atlantic OceanPacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean

• WESTWARD EXPANSIONWESTWARD EXPANSION

United States TerritoriesUnited States Territories

• Treaty of Paris (1783)Treaty of Paris (1783)

• Louisiana Purchase (1803)Louisiana Purchase (1803)

• Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819)Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819)

• Texas Annexation (1845)Texas Annexation (1845)

• Oregon Country (1846)Oregon Country (1846)

• Mexican Cession (1848)Mexican Cession (1848)

• Gadsden Purchase (1853)Gadsden Purchase (1853)

Treaty of Paris (1783)Treaty of Paris (1783)• American Colonist American Colonist

gained this territory gained this territory due to the American due to the American Revolution.Revolution.

• Great Britain Agreed to Great Britain Agreed to give this territory to give this territory to American ColonistAmerican Colonist

• 13 colonies is part of 13 colonies is part of this territorythis territory

Louisiana Purchase (1803)Louisiana Purchase (1803)• Purchased from France Purchased from France

for $15 million dollarsfor $15 million dollars• President Thomas President Thomas

Jefferson proposed Jefferson proposed this purchasedthis purchased

• Napoleon agreed (He Napoleon agreed (He needs $ to help fight needs $ to help fight wars in Europewars in Europe

• Lewis and Clark Lewis and Clark Explored this territoryExplored this territory

Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819)Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819)• Spain Sold Florida to the Spain Sold Florida to the

U.S. $5 million dollarsU.S. $5 million dollars• Land includes: Florida, Land includes: Florida,

parts of Alabama, parts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Mississippi, and LouisianaLouisiana

• President James President James Monroe purchased this Monroe purchased this territory. territory.

• Spain Sold this land Spain Sold this land because they knew U.S. because they knew U.S. could easily take Florida could easily take Florida from them. from them.

Texas Annexation (1845)Texas Annexation (1845)• Texas is owned by Mexico.Texas is owned by Mexico.• Mexico decided to let Mexico decided to let

American’s move there. American’s move there. (S.F.A.) (S.F.A.)

• Santa Anna-PresidentSanta Anna-President• Texas RevolutionTexas Revolution• Republic of TexasRepublic of Texas• Anson Jones/AnnexationAnson Jones/Annexation• President James Polk President James Polk

accepts Texas Annexationaccepts Texas Annexation

Oregon Country (1846)Oregon Country (1846)• U.S. and Great Britain U.S. and Great Britain

agrees to share Oregon agrees to share Oregon Country. (1818)Country. (1818)

• Marcos Whitman and Marcos Whitman and others wrote letters to others wrote letters to encourage migration (1836)encourage migration (1836)

• Pioneers began moving to Pioneers began moving to Oregon-Wagon Travel, Oregon-Wagon Travel, harsh conditions, disease harsh conditions, disease Oregon Trail Game (1837)Oregon Trail Game (1837)

• U.S. and Great Britain U.S. and Great Britain agrees to divide the Oregon agrees to divide the Oregon country. country.

Mexican Cession (1848)Mexican Cession (1848)• Texas is admitted into the Texas is admitted into the

UnionUnion• Mexico is mad, Texas is Mexico is mad, Texas is

still their land.still their land.• Argument breaks out Argument breaks out

between U.S. and Mexico between U.S. and Mexico (boundaries) Shot fired(boundaries) Shot fired

• U.S. Pays 15 millionU.S. Pays 15 million• Treaty of Guadalupe Treaty of Guadalupe

HidalgoHidalgo• Makes up the Southwest Makes up the Southwest

U.S.U.S.

Gadsden Purchase (1853)Gadsden Purchase (1853)• Wanted to build a Wanted to build a

railroad from east to railroad from east to CaliforniaCalifornia

• Did not want to cross Did not want to cross the Rocky Mts. the Rocky Mts.

• Looking for Flat LandLooking for Flat Land• They purchased this They purchased this

land from Mexico for land from Mexico for $10 Million dollars$10 Million dollars

• Land today, Southern Land today, Southern part of New Mexico part of New Mexico and Arizonaand Arizona

Alaska PurchaseAlaska Purchase

• The acquisition of The acquisition of the Alaska territory by the Alaska territory by the United States from the United States from the Russian Empire in the Russian Empire in the year 1867 by a the year 1867 by a treaty ratified by the treaty ratified by the Senate.Senate.

• Russia, fearing a war Russia, fearing a war with Britain that would with Britain that would allow the British to allow the British to seize Alaska, wanted seize Alaska, wanted to sellto sell

Questions?Questions?